Justine Mae Udani 3-11 BVE Statistics and Probability

At the end of the lesson, the students will:

1. Identify the parameters used in statistical analysis;
2. internalize the importance of using correct statistical parameters;
I. OBJECTIVES
3. and determine the parameter to be tested in given real-life situations.

Values Integration: Social Responsibility and Accountability (Social Dimension)

A. Learning 1. M11/12SP-IVa-3: 3. identifies the parameter to be tested given a real-life problem.
Competencies/Objectives
II. CONTENT Parameters
Bhandari, P. (2022, November 18). Parameter vs Statistic | Definitions, Differences & Examples. Scribbr.

https://www.scribbr.com/statistics/parameter-vs-statistic/

Glen (2022). What is a Parameter in Statistics? - Statistics How To. Statistics How To.

https://www.statisticshowto.com/what-is-a-parameter-statistics

A. References Trinidad, C. (2022). Parameter. Corporate Finance Institute.

https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/data-science/parameter/

WOW MATH. (2021, April 29). IDENTIFYING PARAMETERS FOR TESTING IN GIVEN REAL - LIFE

PROBLEMS || STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=XZueK2fEeDw

III. PROCEDURES
A. Motivation
Activity 1: Two Truths and a Lie
Direction: Students will identify the lie between three statements about the different parameters.

1. I am a Mean.
a. I am used in measuring central tendency
b. I need addition and division for me to work
c. The lowest and highest scores extremely matter to me

What is the lie?

2. I am Mode
a. I am also called the ‘Average’
b. I am which score appears the most score in our data
c. I am the highest bar in a bar chart or histogram

What is the lie?

3. I am Median
a. I am what they call the middle mark
b. I need to be rearranged first to be able to find me
c. I don’t provide a very good measure of central tendency
 What is the lie?

4. I am the Central Tendency

a. I am what they call the middle mark
b. I am can help you find the middle mark.
c. I am a statistical tool used to summarize or describe the whole data set

What is the lie?

5. Standard Deviation
a. I determine how spread out the data is
b. I determine how far each observed value is from the mean
c. I describe a symmetrical plot of data around its mean value

What is the lie?

B. Main Activity Activity #2: I am Lost.. Group Me!

 Direction: The students will group the following symbols into the designated boxes and choose the correct
symbol for the given situation.

p σ n ρ r X s2 x̄ σ2 s P N x μ

Group Group
1 2

According to the 2020 Annual Health Facility Report by the Department of Health (DOH), the mean number of
hospital beds per 10,000 population in the Philippines was 9.3. This means that on average, there were 9.3
hospital beds for every 10,000 people in the country. What is the parameter symbol used to represent the mean
of hospital beds per population?

Answer: x̄ for the statistic mean and μ for the population mean

According to a recent study, the standard deviation of systolic blood pressure readings among hypertensive
patients in a hospital in Manila is 10.5 mmHg. It means the values of hypertensive patients in the hospital vary
quite a bit. What statistical parameter symbol is used to represent the standard deviation of systolic blood
pressure readings in this population?

Answer: “s” for the sample and “σ” for the population

C. Analysis 1. Based on the previous lessons, what are the symbols that you put in Group 1 and Group 2? (C)
 2. How did you categorize the following symbols and answer the given situations? (C)
3. In the given situations, what is the potential consequence of using an incorrectly chosen parameter? (A)
4. What should an individual embody when the consequence of an incorrectly chosen parameter happens?
(A)
5. How can you apply using correct parameters in real-life situations? (B)
C. Abstraction Statistics and parameters are numbers that summarize any measurable characteristic of a sample or a
population.

A parameter is a useful component of statistical analysis. It refers to the characteristics that are used to define a
given population.

The most common parameters in statistical analysis include:

1. Mean, also known as the average, is frequently used to determine the central tendency of data sets
involving ratios and intervals.
2. Median is calculated by arranging data in ascending order and selecting the middle number. It is used to
analyze data measured on ordinal, interval, or ratio scales.
3. Mode refers to the most commonly occurring value in a data distribution and can be used for any type of
data.
4. Standard deviation is a measure of the dispersion of data points in relation to the mean, with low
standard deviation indicating that data is clustered around the mean and high standard deviation
indicating greater dispersion.
5. Variance is another measure of dispersion that considers the spread of all data points in a data set, with
the standard deviation being the square root of the variance.
Different symbols are used to denote parameters:
 equal to, the same as, not changed from, is =
not equal, different from, changed from, not the same as ≠
greater than, above, higher than, longer than, bigger than, increased <
less than, below, lower than, smaller than, shorter than, decreased or reduced from >

D. Application Activity #3: Camera..Set..Action!

Directions: The students will be grouped into three to roleplay each situation and determine the parameter and
the symbol.
1. The amount of time children spent watching television was observed and it was found that the standard
deviation is 12.4 hours per week.

2. An article in the newspaper reported that undergraduate students in the country require an average of 4
years to finish their degrees. Assuming that you think the actual mean time is longer, you conducted a
survey on 49 students. The results showed a sample mean of 5 years with a sample standard deviation
of 1.2 years.

3. DOLE reported that government-employed registered nurses earned an average monthly salary of
P9,700. In the same year, a survey was conducted on 41 registered nurses to determine if their mean
salary is higher than the previous survey. The sample mean was 10,000 with a sample standard
 deviation of P2,500.

Answers:
1. the standard deviation of children's television habits hours per week is 12.4
σ = 12.4
2. an average of 4 years to finish undergraduate
μ = 4 degrees
3. an average monthly salary of a registered government nurse is P9,700
μ = P9,700
4. proportion of 14.7% of the country's Filipino smokers maintain their smoking habits
p = 0.147

E. Evaluation Direction: The students will read each question carefully and choose the letter of the best answer.

1. It is a numerical quantity that describes the population or some of its aspects

A. Parameter
 B. Population
C. Probability
D. Statistic

2. A class consists of 50 students, out of which 30 are girls. The girls scored 73 (out of 100) on a test and the
boys scored 71. The statistical tool used to determine the score is ________
A. Mean
B. Median
C. Mode
D. Range

Answer: Mean

3. The numerical measure describing a sample is _________

A. Population
B. Parameter
C. Statistic
D. Probability

Answer: Statistic

Direction: The students will determine the parameter and symbol in this scenario.

You are the manager of a call center and you believe that the average call duration is less than the industry
standard of 6 minutes per call. To investigate this, you randomly select 50 calls and record their durations. The
resulting sample mean is 5.4 minutes with a sample standard deviation of 0.8 minutes.
 1. The parameter to be tested is the population mean 5.4 minutes call duration
μ= 5.4 minutes

A shoe manufacturer claims that the average lifespan of their latest shoe design is 2 years. To investigate this
claim, a random sample of 100 shoes is selected and the lifespan of each shoe is recorded. The resulting
sample mean is 1.8 years with a sample standard deviation of 0.6 years.
2. The population mean lifespan of the shoe design
μ= 1.8 years

Problem Solving:

Direction: The students will list down their three different daily situations where hypothesis testing can be utilized,
F. Additional activities for and specify the parameter that needs to be tested in each situation.
application or remediation
1.
2.
3.

V. REMARKS