INDICE

UNIT 1..................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
PHRASES WITH NAME......................................................................................................................................................................... 2
DESCRIBING HABITS............................................................................................................................................................................3
SPECULATING.................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
Personality..................................................................................................................................................................................5
VAGUE LANGUAGE............................................................................................................................................................................ 6
IDIOMS FOR PEOPLE........................................................................................................................................................................... 7
UNIT 2..................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
HYPOTHETICAL CONDITIONAL: THIRD CONDITIONAL.................................................................................................................................8
WORDS OF WISDOM: LEARNING AND EXPERIENCE..................................................................................................................................10
METAPHORS................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
VERB PATTERNS.............................................................................................................................................................................. 11
ORDEN DE LOS ADJETIVOS........................................................................................................................................... 16
 English: Advanced level
1
Unit 1
Class 26th March 2021

Phrases with name

Named after: Means you have that name in honor to someone else.
I was named after my great-grandmother. She was also called Linda.

Live up to someone’s name: Means to act in accordance with one's reputation, regardless of what one's
actual name is. -A la altura de mi nombre-
I’m from a famous family and it’s not easy to live up to my name.

Made a name for oneself: To become well-known or famous by many people for your own efforts.
He has made a name for himself as a talented journalist.

Household name: A famous person that most people know of.

He was a household name in the 1950s, nowadays millennials don’t who he is.

Put someone’s name forward: Enroll someone to some course, event, etc.
I put my name forward for class president.

Clear someone’s name: To exonerate oneself or another of a criminal charge or allegation of wrongdoing.
Even he was innocent, it took him years to clear his name.
By name: Using the name of someone or something.
She treat her employees by name.

In name only: Having a particular title or name without the characteristics or duties that usually come with
that title.
He is the boss in name only, he doesn´t have the skills to manage people.

Given Name: Your first name, the one that was choose for you at birth.
My surname is Mendez and my given name is Romina.

Maiden name: Your single name before you get married.

Hailey Bieber’s maiden name was Baldwin before she got married.

Describing habits

Use will to describe present habits and behavior (both good and bad). We can’t use it to talk about states
(live, be, like, love, have, enjoy, think).

subject + will + infinite verb + …

My upstairs neighbour is really annoying. He’ll play loud music late at night when I’m trying to
sleep.

We can add an adverb of frequency before will  In the morning I usually will have a coffe before I go to
work.

If we want to talk about an annoyance habit we can use present continuous and will keep.

subject + am / is / are + always + ing verb + …

She’s always singing when I’m trying to sleep.
He’s always talking about his girlfriend.

subject + keeps + ing verb + …

He keeps texting me.

subject + will keep + ing verb + …

He’ll keep arguing about that issue.

Use used to/would to describe past habits and (good or bad) behaviour which don’t continue now. We
can’t use would to talk about states (live, be, like, love, have, enjoy, think).

subject + used to / would or didn’t use to / wouldn’t + infinitive verb + …

I used to go to the gym three times a week.
My mother wouldn’t let me go out at night when I was younger.
When I was a child, my family and I would travel to Italy every summer.
She would love me when I was younger  She used to love me when I was younger.

Use past continuous to describe past habits and (good or bad) behaviour which don’t continue now.

subject + was /were + always + ing verb + …

 She was always talking about her.

subject + kept + ing verb + …

He kept asking for a refund, but he was ignored.

subject + would keep + ing verb + …

I would keep drinking every weekend until I realized I needed help.
He would keep going on about his brother. It drove me mad.

Use keep on to emphasise that the action is repeated frequently.

subject + keep on + ing verb + …

Sorry, I keep on forgetting your name!
He keeps on repeating the same thing!

Use tend to to describe typical states.

subject + tend to + infinite verb + …

My parents tended to be very laid-back.
She tends to shout a lot.

Other expressions to talk about present or past habits

I’m inclined to… / I have an inclination to… / I’m happy to…
I tend to… / I have a tendency to…
I’m prone to…
I’ll spend hour… / I’d spend hours…
As a rule, I…
Nine times out of ten, I…
Class 2 – 9th April 2021

Homework:
3. c) Good habits:
 I drink a lot of water during the day, I drink like 2 liters of water at day but the bad thing its when
there is soft drink I forget about water so I try not to buy softs drinks when I’m at home.

Bad habits:
 I go to sleep very late, I’m not used to go to bed before 1am because I realized I’m more
productive at night than the day, like I’m more awake.
 I used to be very unpunctual, I was always late for everything and my friends and even myself
hate me for that. I don’t like to be the first arriving to some class for example but then I couldn’t
calculate the right hour.
 I procrastine a lote, actually I’m changing that but with all this situation being in home all day I
think I have a lot of time to do something so I choose doing it later and I end up stressed for that.
HOMEWORK
PAGE 69 – 1.1 A and B ; 1.2 A and B
PAGE 9 – Exercise 7
PAGE 10 – Exercise 11 writing
Page 11. Exercise 2 – B

Speculating

Use the following verbs to talk about people or situations.

I + suppose/guess/reckon + subject + am/is/are + around + …

I + will say + subject + am/is/are + ….
I + wonder what + subject + …
I + would hazard a guess (that) + …
If I had to make a guess, I’d say (that) + …
I’m pretty sure + subject + …
There’s something + … + about him/her/them + ….
Subject + gives the impression of being + …
Subject + could be / could have been + …
It seems like + subject + …
It seems to me + …
It looks to me as if + subject + …
It makes me think (that) maybe + subject + …
It might suggest (that) …

Personality
 Cunning: Skillful at getting what you want, especially by tricking people.
 Inspirational: Making you feel full of hope or encouraged.
 Over-ambitious: Someone that always want more than they have.
 Conscientious: A reasonable or down-to-earth person, knows the consequences.
 Insensitive: Someone that has no empathy for others.
 Mature: Someone experienced in life or someone that knows how to deal with life.
 Inquisitive: A person who wants to resolve all his doubts, they are curious.

Evocative: Inspires strong emotion,

eg: painting / photo

Striking: Easy to notice.

Homework: Vocabulary Bank page 148.

1.
 Circumspect: You are cautious in what you do and say, a person that do not take risks.
Opposite: impetuous.
 Gregarious: An outgoing person, enjoys being with other people. Opposite: introverted.
 Temperamental: Not being calm or quiet but having moods that change often. Opposite: easy-
going.
 Impetuous /Impetush/: Means impulsive. If you describe someone as impetuous, you mean
that they are likely to act quickly and suddenly without thinking or being careful.
 Liberal: Someone that thinks people should have freedom to think and believe whatever they
want. Opposite: Conservative.
 Considerate: Pays attention to other’s needs, feelings and wishes.
 Introverted: Shy and quiet, finds difficult to talk to other people.
 Easy-going: A tolerant and relaxed person. They are not easily annoyed, worried or upset.

4. b) Description of people’s behave related to this words:

  Perceptive: Someone who can notice or realized bad and good things very easily. Able to clearly
see and understand something.
 Inspirational: Someone who motivates you to do somethings, like they always have a good
speech. Describes something (a person, a speech) that makes you want more.
 Over-ambitious: Someone that wants more and more, can’t settle with what they have.
 Conscientious: Someone that puts a lot of effort into their work.
 Obstinate: Someone that it’s close-minded, it’s not able to hear other opinions or change their
way of thinking.
 Neurotic: Someone that is unresonable worried or nervious about something.
 Open-minded: Someone that is willing to hear other points of view.
 Prejudiced: (parcial) Someone that demonstrates dislike for something or someone.
 Apathetic: Someone that it’s not enthusiastic
 Insensitive: Someone that doesn’t care other’s feelings.
 Solitary: Someone that likes being alone, it’s not surrounded of people.
 Rebellious: Someone that it’s difficult to control, think different and have a different behave of
what are we get used to.
 Mature: Someone who thinks and then act.
 Inquisitive: Someone who always wants to know what happened like very curious.

Vague Language

We use vague language when we don’t know or we don’t want to give precise information about someone or
something.
 Vague nouns: thing, stuff, bit, etc.
“There is something in her eyes…” “I left a lot of stuff at the hotel” “It’s a bit dark, isn’t it?”

 Quantifiers: One or two, a few, a couple of, a lot of, plenty of, loads of, a bit (of)
“There is a bit of flour” “I just have a couple of things to do”

 Vague numbers: Around, about fifty/twenty/…, more or less, fifty or so

“He’s about forty-ish” “She looks about twenty or so”

 Generalisers: sort of, kind of, you know

“He looks sort of creative”

 List completers: and stuff, and so on, or something (like that)

“She could be a model, or something like that” “There’ll be about forty and so on people there”

Idioms for people

 Yes-man: Easy to persuade.  Busybody: A gossip person, a person who

 Whizzkid: Intelligent with practical things, likes to get involved in other people’s
not a nerd or a geek. A young person who lives.
is very skilled at something.  Chatterbox: A chatty or talkative person.
  Pain in the neck: An annoying or nuisance
person.
 Dark horse: Mysterious person.
 Big cheese: An important, influent person.
 Loose cannon: An unprecdictable person
who may cause damage if he/she is not
controlled.
 Rotten apple: One bad person who has a
bad effect on all others in the group.
 Old hand: An experienced person.
 Set in her ways: A close-minded person,
inflexible. When you are unable to
change.
 Life and soul of the party: A fun to be
with. Describes a person who is very lively
at social events.
 Couch potato: A person who lives a
sedentary lifestyle, never doing any
exercise.
 Tough cookie: Someone who is strong
enough to deal with difficult or violent
situations.
 Black sheep: Different, a person that
doesn’t follow expectations
 Wet blanket: A negative person who ruins
other’s people’s good times.

Class of 23 April
Page 14 – Exercise 2.B
A photo: She’s around in her mid-30s, she seems friendly, easy-going, work in a bakery, something in her
eyes makes them think she’s about to laugh. She wears an apron (delantal).
B photo: She looks intellectual, her face show she seemed a lot, very critic, studied in a university, good
make-up and clothes maybe in the fashion industry. The dress is snazzy, she could have been a model a
few years ago.
C photo: Cool, happy, big smile, nice t-shirts, graphic design, he design the bags or in tha marketing area,
receptionist of the gym, it looks like he’s in the gym, first they thought he was in his twenty-something but
then they said in his 40s.

Homework:
Page 69 Exercise 1.3
Think about an important possession and what represents to you.
 My great-grandfather’s suit:
My grandfather has a suit that belonged to my great-grandfather in the 80’, my great-grandfather
used to wear it only on special occasions because he didn’t have enough money to buy another
one, so he take care of it like his life. The suit is beige and the shirt is salmon color.

Page 17 – Exercise 9.B (Writing a description of an object essay). 150-200 words.

Page 17: Exercise 7.A – Possession

Listening: The treasure is a very old carpet, has been in her family for generations. Great-grand father was
a sail man, he used to live in some place but then he moved to South-Africa and he had nothing but his
clothes and this carpet.
It’s red, white, green and golden, beautiful pearls, it’s falling apart and it’s frayed (worn out) but It’s still
looks ok.
This carpet is on the wall? When she dies is going to pass to their children.

Class 30th may

Unit 2

Hypothetical Conditional: Third conditional

Zero conditional: Used to talk about situations are always or generally true. Present simple + present
simple.
First conditional: Situations that are likely to happen in the future. Present simple + will
Second conditional: Used to talk about hypothetical situations in the present or future. Past simple + would

Third Conditional: Used to talk about hypothetical situations in the past, something that could have
happened, but didn’t or should not have happened, but did. We use past perfect + would have

If + subject + had or hadn’t + past participle + … , subject + would have + past participle + …

If I hadn’t chosen Business Administration as my career, I would have studied Arts.

If I hadn´t travelled to Paris last summer I wouldn´t have met my girlfriend.
If I had gone to the cinema yesterday I would have watched Terminator.

We can use other forms to talk about the hypothetical conditional:

Supposing or imagine + subject + had + past participle + … , what + would + subject + have/has + past
participle ?
Supposing you’d met the president, what would you have said?
Imagine you’d missed the flight, what would you have done?

In more formal contexts, it is possible to replace if by inverting the subject and had or replace if with but
for (But for often means ‘If it hadn’t been for’).

Had + subject + past participle + … , subject + would have + past participle + …

Had I known her, I would have said hello.

But for + noun or ing verb + … , subject + would have + past participle + …
But for the church, I would have been an addicted.

Mixed conditionals: Used to talk about a hypothetical situation in the past with a result in the present. To
say how, if something had been different in the past, the present or future would be different.

If + subject + had or hadn’t + past participle + … , subject + would (be) + infinitive verb + …

If she’d listened to me, she wouldn’t be in this situation now.

If I hadn’t slept so little I would feel better now.
Regrets: Use it to say that you feel sorrow or remose for (an act, fault, disappointment, etc).

Use it to say we want something in the past to have been different.

subject + regret / regrets + ing verb + …

I regret going out last night.
 She regrets dating with that man.

If only + subject + had or hadn’t + past participle …  Past perfect

If only I had known she was there…
If only I hadn’t left the oven on.

subject + wish / wishes + subject + had / hadn’t + past participle  past perfect
He wishes he’d studied more.
I wish you’d gone to the party.

Use the past simple with “if only” or “wish” to say we want something to be different now. We often use
“were” instead of “was”.

If only + subject + past simple + …

If only we had more alcohol.
subject + wish / wishes + subject + past simple + …
I wish you were here.

Use if only + would or wish + would to show we are annoyed by something now.

If only + subject + would + infinitive verb + …

If only you’d be more sensible!
If only I’d win the competition!

subject + wish / wishes + subject + would + infinite verb + …

I wish you would be quiet!
She wishes you wouldn’t talk with her.

When you talk about yourself

When you talk about someone else:

“I wish you bother me less”.

Words of wisdom: learning and experience

Do the trick: Become familiar with a new situation or experience.

Take advantage of opportunities: Use the chances you get.
Setback: A problem that prevents or delays progress.
On a steep learning curve: In a position in which you quickly have to learn something difficult.
Learning the ropes: Finding out how something is done in a particular place or situation.
Have a profound effect on me: Changed a person deeply.
Trust your instincts: Believe that your feelings are correct.
Go with your gut feeling: Act according to your personal feelings about something.
Find your feet: Become familiar with a new situation or experience.

Metaphors

Be over the hill: I can’t do something well enough because I’m too old.
Will go far: Have a great future.
Reach the peak: Become number one.
Downhill: Go badly.
Found myself at a crossroads: Having to choose one thing or another.
Hard to swallow: Difficult to believe / accept.
Regurgitate the book: Reproduce without thinking.
Food for thought: Something to think about.
A half-baked idea: Badly thought-out.

Class 7th may 2021

Verb patterns

Verb + ing:
The states verbs have to be followed by the ing form (examples: enjoy,
finish, avoid, imagine, don´t mind, can´t stand), some can also be followed
by the infinitive, but the meaning can change. Cases in which the ing form and the
We regret to inform you… (we are sorry before we speak, is infinitive with to are possible but
a standard lead in (preface) to bad news). with different meanings:
He regrets telling her… (he is sorry after he speaks, is a Remember, forget, stop, regret, try,
remorse at something you did in the post). go on
I remembered to set the
Prepositions are followed by an -ing form. alarm ( Setting the alarm
Are you still interested in buying the property? was my responsibility and I
They left without saying goodbye. did it).
I look forward to meeting you.
I remember setting the
When the nouns or the word are often the subject of a sentence we alarm ( Having a memory of
use -ing form. doing something. NOW I
Doctors say that smoking is bad for you. remember that I set the
Swimming is good exercise. alarm yesterday).
After certain verbs like: avoid, dislike, enjoy, finish, give up, mind or
Not mind, practice, etc.
I dislike getting up early.
Would you mind opening the window?.

Infinitive with to:

Used it after certain verbs including: appear, decide, fail, need, offer,
refuse, want, choose, hope, expect, decide, seem, train, teach, learn,
would like, agree, pretend, can’t afford, decide, manage, mean, refuse.
They hoped to negotiate a better deal.
I forgot to close the window.
We can’t afford to take a long holiday.

After certain verb + object + inf with to combinations: advise, allow,

ask, cause, encourage, forbid, promise
She allowed him to have a break.
He asked her to open the window.
The police asked everyone to remain calm.

With some nouns, often as part of semi-fixed phrases.

It’s time to begin, isn’t it?

After most adjectives for example disappointed, glad, happy, pleased, relieved, sad, surprised, delighted,
etc. This include “too + adjective” and “adjective enough”
I was happy to help.
Is your coffe too hot to drink?
She is rich enough to buy two.

Passive infinitive or Passive ing form:

Use passive ing form (Being done) to describe actions which are done to the subject.

SUBJECT + … + BEING + PAST PARTICIPLE.

I hate being told what to do.
I like being flattered.
I don’t mind being criticized.
I don’t care being hacked, I don’t use my social media.

Use the passive infinitive (to be done) after some verbs (especially reporting verbs). Used commonly with
should, could, may, etc.

SUBJECT + VERB + TO BE + PAST PARTICIPLE.

He was considered to be the right person for this job.
He refused to be ignored.
She expected to be chosen as the best student.
She is hoping to be elected president.

Perfect infinitive or Perfect ing forms: Seem, appear, would like, want
Use the perfect ing form (having done) to emphasize when one action happened before another (in the
past).

SUBJECT + VERB + HAVING + PAST PARTICIPLE.

 She mentioned having seen him leave.
They can’t stand having lost the match.

Use the perfect infinitive (to have done) to emphasize when one action happened before another.

SUBJECT + VERB + TO HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE.

They seem to have solved the problem.
He seems to have improved his English a lot.
I seem to have forgotten where I left my keys.
My backpack seems to have disappeared.
I would like to have graduated by the I’m 26.

After verbs of frequency (would like, love hate, prefer and rather) we can use the perfect infinitive to talk
about an action in the past.
We would hate to have lost the match.

Negative infinitive form or Negative ing form:

Often used as the subject of the sentence, like gerunds.
Not to + infinitive
It’s quiet common not to understand at first.
Not to test the car would be reckless.

not + ing is also important.

Not understanding is quite common.
Not answering her phone calls is not the solution.

Infinitives can be the subjects of a sentence.

To learn is important.
Not to thank her would be impolite.

KEEP
IDIOMS OF OPINION
21 may class

Lawyers  least trusted

Politicans
Car salerpeople
Journalist

Doctors
Teachers
Pharmacist
Nurses
Hair dressers
Shabby
Dilapidated
Idle up: someone lazy (adj) // to move in a lazy way (verb).

Orden de los adjetivos

Cuando utilizamos varios adjetivos seguidos, el orden depende de la función de cada adjetivo. El orden
habitual es:
cantidad, valor/opinión, tamaño, temperatura, edad, forma, color, origen, material

Lo que expresa el adjetivo Ejemplos

Cantidad four, ten, a few, several

Valor / opinión delicious, charming, beautiful

Tamaño tall, tiny, huge

Temperatura hot, cold

Edad old, young, new, 14-year-old

Forma square, round

 Lo que expresa el adjetivo Ejemplos

Color red, purple, green

Origen Swedish, Victorian, Chinese

Material glass, silver, wooden

Ejemplos

 They have a lovely old red post-box.

 The playroom has six small round plastic tables.
 I bought some charming Victorian silver ornaments at the flea market.
 She is selling her flashy 3-year-old Italian car.
 It was a beautiful cold day.
NOUN PHRASES – A group of words which gives more information about the noun
Information can be added before(pre-modification) or after the noun(post-modification)
PRE-MODIFICATION
-COMPOUND NOUN (Steel door, music store, kitchen garden, etc)
-COMPOUND ADJECTIVE
Ex: High-speed train
Bad-looking building
Time-consuming activity
Tight-fitting jeans
When the noun part is plural it becomes singular in the compound
Ex: A five-year-old boy
A six-month course
A two-week journey
-ADVERB + ADJECTIVE COMBINATION
Ex: An amazingly big mountain
A ridiculously expensive phone
POST-MODIFICATION(Prepositional phrases and participle clauses)
Prepositional phrase
Ex: Shoes for walking in the mountain
Participle Clauses(Present or past participle)
Past Participle
Ex: The book written by Susan
The man accused of fraud
Present Participle
Ex: The beautiful lady standing on the corner
Young people pursuing the American dream

https://vocapp.com/3.1-lonely-planet-noun-phrases-flashcards-503947

NOUN PHRASES – A group of words which gives more information about the noun
Information can be added before(pre-modification) or after the noun(post-modification)
PRE-MODIFICATION
-COMPOUND NOUN (Steel door, music store, kitchen garden, etc)
-COMPOUND ADJECTIVE
Ex: High-speed train
Bad-looking building
Time-consuming activity
Tight-fitting jeans
When the noun part is plural it becomes singular in the compound
Ex: A five-year-old boy
A six-month course
A two-week journey
-ADVERB + ADJECTIVE COMBINATION
Ex: An amazingly big mountain
A ridiculously expensive phone
POST-MODIFICATION(Prepositional phrases and participle clauses)
Prepositional phrase
Ex: Shoes for walking in the mountain
Participle Clauses(Present or past participle)
Past Participle
Ex: The book written by Susan
The man accused of fraud
Present Participle
Ex: The beautiful lady standing on the corner
Young people pursuing the American dream

-QUAINT: Attractive(strange, old fashioned)

-STROLL: To walk in a slow, relaxed way
-QUARTER: An area in a city where a particular group of people live or work or that is
considered to have particular characteristics
-REVELLERS: People who are enjoying themselves in a noisy and often drunken way
-TUCKED AWAY: Well hidden in a quiet place where very few people go
-ENCOMPASS: If somebody or their activity encompasses certain things they have a wide
range that includes all those things
-WIND(verb): If a road winds in a particular direction it goes in that direction with a lot of
curves in it
-DAWN: The time of day when light first appears in the sky, before the sun rises
Shady could be positive or negative, it depends in the place you are.
Groomy is negative adjective
Dejected negative
Dreary negative
Grey its depends.
Loiter: walking around without any purpose.

leeway: /ˈliːweɪ/ the amount of freedom that you have to change something or to do something in the way you want to.
E.g. How much leeway should parents give their children? The government had greater leeway to introduce reforms.

NOUN PHRASES – A group of words which gives more information about the noun
Information can be added before(pre-modification) or after the noun(post-modification)
PRE-MODIFICATION
-COMPOUND NOUN (Steel door, music store, kitchen garden, etc)
-COMPOUND ADJECTIVE
Ex: High-speed train
Bad-looking building
Time-consuming activity
Tight-fitting jeans
When the noun part is plural it becomes singular in the compound
Ex: A five-year-old boy
A six-month course
A two-week journey
-ADVERB + ADJECTIVE COMBINATION
Ex: An amazingly big mountain
A ridiculously expensive phone
POST-MODIFICATION(Prepositional phrases and participle clauses)
Prepositional phrase
Ex: Shoes for walking in the mountain
Participle Clauses(Present or past participle)
Past Participle
Ex: The book written by Susan
The man accused of fraud
Present Participle
Ex: The beautiful lady standing on the corner
Young people pursuing the American dream