ICE-BREAKER: SKIT

GROUP II: CHAPTER V

Good
WHAT IS

Good
 Good
This is one of the oldest philosophical questions. It has been posed in
different ways

How should one live?

What does it mean to “live well”?
The concept of a "good life" is a subjective
and complex one, and it can mean different
things to different people and cultures
A good life is one that is satisfying, fulfilling, and meaningful to
an individual. It involves a sense of well-being, happiness, and
contentment.
One basic way we use the word
“good” is to express moral approval.
So when we say someone is living well
or that they have lived a good life, we
may simply mean that they are a good
person, someone who is courageous,
honest, trustworthy, kind, selfless,
generous, helpful, loyal, principled,
and so on. They possess and practice
many of the most important virtues.
This moral conception of the good
life has had plenty of champions.
SOCRATES and PLATO both gave
absolute priority to being a virtuous
person over all other supposedly
good things such as pleasure,
wealth, or power.
In his masterpiece, the Republic, Plato develops
this argument in greater detail. The morally
good person, he claims, enjoys a sort of inner
harmony, whereas the wicked person, no matter
how rich and powerful he may be or how much
pleasure he enjoys, is disharmonious,
fundamentally at odds with himself and the
world. In both the Gorgias and the Republic,
Plato bolsters his argument with a speculative
account of an afterlife in which virtuous people
are rewarded and wicked people are punished.
RELIGION
conceived of the good life in moral
terms as a life lived according to
God’s laws. A person who lives this
way—obeying the commandments
and performing the proper rituals—
is pious. And in most religions, such
piety will be rewarded.
 Epicurus
The ancient Greek philosopher Epicurus was one
of the first to declare, bluntly, that what makes life
worth living is that we can experience pleasure.

The view that pleasure is good, or, to put it

another way, that pleasure is what makes life
worth living, is known as hedonism. The word
“hedonist,” when applied to a person, has slightly
negative connotations. It suggests that they are
devoted to what some have called the “lower”
pleasures such as sex, food, drink, and sensual
indulgence in general.
THE CONCEPT OF THE GOOD LIFE HAS BEEN EXPLORED BY MANY GREEK
THINKERS, INCLUDING SOCRATES, EPICURUS, AND ARISTOTLE.
Socrates emphasized the importance of
virtue

For Socrates, he emphasized the

importance of virtue as the key to living a
good life. He believed that people were
capable of knowing what was truly good
and just, and that through critical
examination and self-awareness,
individuals could become more virtuous
and ultimately achieve a life of moral
excellence
Epicurus praised pleasure

Epicurus praised pleasure as the highest

good, but he believed that true happiness
could only be achieved through the pursuit
of simple and natural pleasures, inner
peace and contentment, and living in
harmony with nature. His philosophy
emphasized the importance of
moderation, simplicity, and self-control,
and it sought to provide a framework for
achieving a life of true and lasting
pleasure.
Aristotle viewed the good life as a happy
life.

It is achieved through a combination of

moral goodness and pleasurable
experiences. However, unlike the
hedonistic conception of the good life that
dominates Western culture today, Aristotle
believed that happiness has intrinsic value
and is not simply a matter of feeling good.
To Aristotle, living the good life involves
being a morally good person and
experiencing a variety of pleasurable
experiences.
 Michael Soupios and Panos
Mourdoukoutas wrote a book
entitled The Ten Golden Rules on
Living a Good Life where they
extracted “ancient wisdom from
the Greek philosophers on living
the good life” and mapped it
into modern times
THE TEN GOLDEN RULES ON
LIVING A GOOD LIFE
ACCORDING TO FORBES ARTICLE BY DR. MOURDOUKOUTAS
 EXAMINE LIFE
ENGAGE LIFE WITH A VENGEANCE; ALWAYS SEARCH FOR NEW PLEASURES AND NEW
DESTINIES TO REACH WITH YOUR MIND.
 WORRY ONLY ABOUT THE
THINGS THAT ARE IN YOUR
CONTROL
THE THINGS THAT CAN BE INFLUENCED AND CHANGED BY YOUR ACTIONS, NOT
ABOUT THE THINGS THAT ARE BEYOND YOUR CAPACITY TO DIRECT OR ALTER
 TREASURE FRIENDSHIP
THE RECIPROCAL ATTACHMENT THAT FILLS THE NEED FOR AFFILIATION. FRIENDSHIP
CANNOT BE ACQUIRED IN THE MARKETPLACE, BUT MUST BE NURTURED AND
TREASURED IN RELATIONS IMBUED WITH TRUST AND AMITY.
EXPERIENCE TRUE PLEASURE
AVOID SHALLOW AND TRANSIENT PLEASURES. KEEP YOUR LIFE SIMPLE. SEEK
CALMING PLEASURES THAT CONTRIBUTE TO PEACE OF MIND. TRUE PLEASURE IS
DISCIPLINED AND RESTRAINED.
 MASTER YOURSELF.
RESIST ANY EXTERNAL FORCE THAT MIGHT DELIMIT THOUGHT AND ACTION; STOP
DECEIVING YOURSELF, BELIEVING ONLY WHAT IS PERSONALLY USEFUL AND
CONVENIENT; COMPLETE LIBERTY NECESSITATES A STRUGGLE WITHIN, A BATTLE TO
SUBDUE NEGATIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SPIRITUAL FORCES THAT PRECLUDE A
HEALTHY EXISTENCE; SELF-MASTERY REQUIRES RUTHLESS CANDOR.
 AVOID EXCESS
LIVE LIFE IN HARMONY AND BALANCE. AVOID EXCESSES. EVEN GOOD THINGS,
PURSUED OR ATTAINED WITHOUT MODERATION, CAN BECOME A SOURCE OF MISERY
AND SUFFERING.
 BE A RESPONSIBLE HUMAN
BEING
APPROACH YOURSELF WITH HONESTY AND THOROUGHNESS; MAINTAIN A KIND OF
SPIRITUAL HYGIENE; STOP THE BLAME-SHIFTING FOR YOUR ERRORS AND
SHORTCOMINGS
 DON’T BE A PROSPEROUS
FOOL
PROSPERITY BY ITSELF IS NOT A CURE-ALL AGAINST AN ILL-LED LIFE AND MAY BE A
SOURCE OF DANGEROUS FOOLISHNESS. MONEY IS A NECESSARY BUT NOT A
SUFFICIENT CONDITION FOR A GOOD LIFE, FOR HAPPINESS AND WISDOM.
 DON’T DO EVIL TO OTHERS
EVILDOING IS A DANGEROUS HABIT, A KIND OF REFLEX TOO QUICKLY RESORTED TO
AND TOO EASILY JUSTIFIED THAT HAS A LASTING AND DAMAGING EFFECT UPON THE
QUEST FOR THE GOOD LIFE. HARMING OTHERS CLAIMS TWO VICTIMS—THE RECEIVER
OF THE HARM, AND THE VICTIMIZER, THE ONE WHO DOES HARM.
KINDNESS TOWARDS OTHERS
TENDS TO BE REWARDED
KINDNESS TO OTHERS IS A GOOD HABIT THAT SUPPORTS AND REINFORCES THE
QUEST FOR THE GOOD LIFE. HELPING OTHERS BESTOWS A
SENSE OF SATISFACTION THAT HAS TWO BENEFICIARIES—THE BENEFICIARY, THE
RECEIVER OF THE HELP,
AND THE BENEFACTOR, THE ONE WHO PROVIDES THE HELP
WHAT IS
Human Existence?
HUMAN EXISTENCE
THE STATE OR FACT OF BEING ALIVE AS A HUMAN BEING. IT
ENCOMPASSES ALL ASPECTS OF HUMAN LIFE, INCLUDING PHYSICAL,
EMOTIONAL, SOCIAL, AND SPIRITUAL EXPERIENCES

IT INVOLVES CONTEMPLATING AND UNDERSTANDING ONE'S OWN

EXISTENCE AND PURPOSE IN LIFE, AS WELL AS ONE'S RELATIONSHIP
TO OTHER BEINGS AND THE WORLD AROUND US
The meaning of existence is
derived from philosophical and
religious contemplation and
scientific inquiries about social ties,
consciousness and happiness. Many
other issues are also involved, such
as symbolic meaning, ontology,
value, purpose, ethics, good and
evil, free will, the existence of one
and multiple Gods,conceptions of
God, the soul and the afterlife.
Philosophers have searched for the meaning of
existence, and Aristotle believed that each
person's life has a purpose, which is to attain
earthly happiness or flourishing through reason
and the acquisition of virtue. He believed that
humans should use their abilities to their fullest
potential, take pride in being excellent at what
they do, and pursue moral excellence. Aristotle
thought that humans have a natural desire to
understand the truth, pursue moral excellence,
and bring their ideals into the world through
action.
Plato believed in the existence of universals, and
his Theory of Forms states that these universals
exist as heavenly forms rather than physical
objects. In the Republic, Socrates describes the
Form of the Good, which relates to the idea of
justice in the soul and the meaning of life.
According to Platonism, the meaning of life is in
attaining the highest form of knowledge, which is
the Idea of the Good, from which all good and
just things derive utility and value.
The public
 The public

A public good is a type of good or service that benefits society as a whole,

rather than just individuals or specific groups. Public goods are non-
excludable, meaning that once they are provided, it is difficult or impossible to
exclude anyone from using them, and non-rivalrous, meaning that one person's
use of the good does not diminish its availability to others. Examples of public
goods include national defense, education, public health, public
transportation, and environmental protection
Rolando Gripaldo, a Filipino philosopher, believes that the
concept of the public good encompasses both political and
ethical meanings, with the beneficiaries being the general
public. While the government or state pursues the public good
with a service orientation, private corporations pursue it with a
profit orientation. There are also mixed public goods pursued by
private organizations with a service motivation. Gripaldo notes
that government corporations are primarily motivated by service,
although profit is not excluded. Furthermore, he highlights the
existence of public bads, including corruption, pollution, and
crimes.
The concept of public good refers to something that benefits the
community or the nation as a whole. There are two levels of perception
of public good: the first one comes from the people themselves, who
recognize the benefits of working together for their common welfare.
The second level comes from the government, which assumes that
certain projects or services are necessary for the common welfare and
views them as public goods. Examples of public goods include national
defense, education, public health, public transportation, social services,
and postal services. The unity and subsidiarity of individuals working
together for the common good are significant aspects of a national
public good from the communal or national people’s point of view.
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GOOD LIFE BY GROUP II