MEDICAL MANAGEMENT/DRUG STUDY

1.
DRUG NAME DOSAGE, MECHANISM OF INDICATIONS, NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
ROUTE, ACTION CONTRAINDICATIONS,
FREQUENCY ADVERSE REACTIONS
Brand Name: Dosage: Losartan reversibly Indication: Assess for the mentioned
and competitively contraindication to this drug to
Cozaar 50 mg/ 1 tab Losartan is indicated to
prevents prevent potential adverse effect.
treat hypertension in
angiotensin II
patients older than 6 Obtain baseline status for
binding to the AT1
Generic Name: Route: P.O years, reduce the risk of weight, vital signs overall skin
receptor in tissues
stroke in patients with condition, and laboratory test like
Losartan like vascular
hypertension and left renal and hepatic function test,
smooth muscle and
Frequency: ventricular hypertrophy and serum electrolyte to assess
the adrenal gland.
(though this benefit may patient’s response therapy.
Pharmacologic/ b.i.d. Losartan and its
not extend to patients
Specific active metabolite
with African heritage),
Classification: bind the AT1
and to treat diabetic Monitor body weight for the
receptor with 1000
Angiotensin II receptor nephropathy with patient.
times more affinity
antagonist elevated serum creatinine
than they bind to Monitor patient’s BP closely to
and proteinuria in
the AT2 receptor evaluate effectiveness of
patients with type
The active therapy.
Pregnancy Category: diabetes and
metabolite of
D hypertension. Losartan Regularly assess patient’s renal
losartan is 10-40
with hydrochlorothiazide fuction9via creatinine and BUN
times more potent
is indicated to treat levels)
by weight than
hypertension and to
metabolized Assess and monitor fluids and
reduce the risk of stroke
losartan as an electrolytes level.
in patients with
inhibitor of AT1 and
is a non-competitive hypertension and left Closely monitor patient’s BP,
inhibitor. Losartan's ventricular hypertrophy renal function, potassium levels,
prevention of (though this benefit may especially during first few weeks
angiotensin II not extend to patients of therapy.
binding causes with African heritage).
May cause hypotension,
vascular smooth
tachycardia, angioedema,
muscle relaxation,
hyperkalemia.
lowering blood Contraindications:
pressure.
-Hypersensitivity to drug
Angiotensin II would or its components
otherwise bind to
the AT1 receptor Pregnancy (second and
and induce third trimesters)
vasoconstriction,
raising blood
pressure.
Adverse Reactions:
CNS: dizziness,
insomnia, headache,
asthenia, fatigue
CV: hypotension
EENT: sinus disorders
GI: nausea, vomiting,
diarrhea, dyspepsia,
abdominal pain
Metabolic: hyperkalemia
 Musculoskeletal: joint
pain, back pain, muscle
cramps
Respiratory: symptoms of
upper respiratory
infection, dry cough
Other: hypersensitivity
reactions including
angioedema

2.
DRUG NAME DOSAGE, MECHANISM OF INDICATIONS, NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
ROUTE, ACTION CONTRAINDICATIONS,
FREQUENCY ADVERSE REACTIONS
Brand Name: Dosage: Absorption is Indication: -Use caution in patients with
through an energy- hyperoxaluria, and deficiency of
Ascor, Citranatal Adults: 1 g Used to treat vitamin C
dependent process glucose-6-
B-calm Kit, deficiency, scurvy,
that has two phosphatedehydrogenase.
Concept Ob, delayed wound and bone
mechanisms: simple
Ferralet 90, Route: healing, urine
diffusion and active
Hematogen, acidification, and in
P.O transport. Two -High doses can be dangerous in
Infuvite, Infuvite general as an antioxidant.
transporters are patients with polycythemia,
Pediatric, It has also been
Moviprep, Mvc- involved: SVCTs suggested to be an leukemia, and side roplastic anemia
fluoride, Mvi (sodium-dependent effective antiviral agent. patients with high content of body
Frequency:
Pediatric, vitamin C iron should take the drug in minimal
Natafort, Plenvu, Once daily transporters) and doses.
Pregvit, Vitafol- hexose transporters. Contraindications:
one The site for
absorption is the Ascorbic Acid (vitamin C)
-High doses can cause
distal small intestine is a water-soluble vitamin
exacerbation of sickle cell anemia.
and is regulated by indicated for the
Generic Name:
renal excretion. prevention and treatment
Ascorbic acid Usual dietary doses of scurvy, as ascorbic acid
of up to 100 mg/day deficiency results in
are almost scurvy. Administration of
Classification: completely ascorbic acid completely
absorbed. The reverses the symptoms of
Multivitamins ascorbic acid deficiency.
highest ascorbic
acid concentrations
Pregnancy are in the pituitary
gland, the adrenal Adverse Reactions:
Category: A
gland, the brain,
leukocytes, and the
eyes. Transient mild soreness at
I.M. or subcutaneous
Ascorbic acid injection site; transient
functions as a light-headedness or
cofactor, enzyme dizziness
complement, co-
substrate, and a
powerful anti-oxidant
in various reactions
and metabolic
 processes. It also
stabilizes vitamin E
and folic acid and
enhances iron
absorption. It
neutralizes free
radicals and toxins
as well as
attenuates
inflammatory
response, including
sepsis syndrome.

3.
DRUG NAME DOSAGE, MECHANISM OF INDICATIONS, NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
ROUTE, ACTION CONTRAINDICATIONS,
FREQUENCY ADVERSE REACTIONS
Brand Name: Dosage: Inhibits calcium Indication: Monitor patient carefully (BP,
transport into cardiac rhythm, and output) while
Cardene Titrate dosage Given alone or with beta-
myocardial and drug is being adjusted to
individually, adrenergic blockers
vascular smooth therapeutic dose; the dosage may
10 ml/hr. muscle cells, Hypertension, given alone be increased more rapidly in
Generic Name: causing cardiac hospitalized patients under close
or with other
Nicardipine output and antihypertensives b.i.d. supervision. Do not exceed 30
Route: myocardial Effective range is 30 to 60 mg/dose increases.
contractions to mg/day.
IV Ensure that patients do not chew or
Pharmacologic decrease
Short-term treatment of divide sustained-release tablets.
Classification:
 Calcium channel hypertension when oral Taper dosage of beta-blockers
blocker therapy isn’t feasible or before nifedipine therapy.
Frequency:
desirable
Protect drug from light and
once daily
moisture.
Pregnancy
Category: C Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity to drug
Advanced aortic stenosis

Adverse Reactions:
CNS: dizziness,
headache,
asthenia,drowsiness,
paresthesia
CV: hypotension,
peripheral edema,chest
pain, increased angina,
palpitations, tachycardia
GI: nausea, dyspepsia,
dry mouth

4.
 DRUG NAME DOSAGE, MECHANISM OF INDICATIONS, NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
ROUTE, ACTION CONTRAINDICATIONS,
FREQUENCY ADVERSE REACTIONS
Brand Name: Dosage: Inhibits influx of Indication: Monitor patient carefully (BP,
Adults: 10g/1 tab extracellular calcium Essential hypertension cardiac rhythm, and output) while
Amlobenz, Azor,
ions, thereby adjusting drug to therapeutic dose;
Caduet, Dafiro,
Route: decreasing Contraindications: use special caution if patient has
Exforge, Exforge
P.O myocardial Hypersensitivity to drug CHF.
Hct, Katerzia,
contractility, relaxing
Lotrel, Norliqva, Monitor BP very carefully if patient
Frequency: coronary and Adverse Reactions:
Norvasc, is also on nitrates.
Once daily vascular muscles, CNS: headache,
Prestalia,
and decreasing dizziness, Monitor cardiac rhythm regularly
Tribenzor,
peripheral drowsiness,light- during stabilization of dosage and
Twynsta,
resistance headedness, fatigue, periodically during long-term
Viacoram
weakness,lethargy therapy.
Generic Name:
CV: peripheral edema, Administer drug without regard to
Amlodipine
angina, bradycardia, meals.
hypotension, palpitations
Pharmacologic
Classification: GI: nausea, abdominal
discomfort
Calcium channel
blocker Musculoskeletal: muscle
cramps, muscle pain or
Pregnancy
inflammation
Category: C
Respiratory: shortness of
breath, dyspnea,
wheezing
Skin: rash, pruritus,
 urticaria, flushing

5.
DRUG NAME DOSAGE, MECHANISM OF INDICATIONS, NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
ROUTE, ACTION CONTRAINDICATIONS,
FREQUENCY ADVERSE REACTIONS
Brand Name: Dosage: Inhibits calcium Indication: Use caution in heart block,
Adalat, Afeditab transport into decreased blood pressure
Hypertension Hypertension
CR, Nifediac, myocardial and Don’t consume grapefruit juice
Nifedical, Adults: 30 mg vascular smooth Contraindications: while taking medication
Procardia muscle cells, Hypersensitivity to drug May cause arrhythmias
Route: P.O suppressing May cause elevated liver function
Generic Name: Frequency:y contractions. tests
Nifedipine Once daily Adverse Reactions: May cause gingival hyperplasia,
Dilates main
Steven’s Johnson syndrome
coronary arteries CNS: headache, Monitor blood pressure and pulse
and arterioles and dizziness,
Pharmacologic Monitor calcium levels
inhibits coronary fatigue,asthenia,
Classification: Instruct patient on taking heart rate
artery spasm, paresthesia, vertigo
Calcium channel and blood pressure
increasing oxygen
blocker CV: peripheral edema,
delivery to heart and
decreasing chest pain, hypotension
Pregnancy
frequency and EENT: epistaxis, rhinitis
Category: C
severity of angina
attacks. GI: nausea,constipation
GU: urinary frequency,
erectile dysfunction
 Musculoskeletal: leg
cramps
Skin: flushing, rash

6.
DRUG NAME DOSAGE, MECHANISM OF INDICATIONS, NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
ROUTE, ACTION CONTRAINDICATIONS,
FREQUENCY ADVERSE REACTIONS
Brand Name: Dosage Exhibits anti- Indication: Assess range of motion, degree of
Celebrex, inflammatory, swelling, and pain in affected joints
Adults: 200mg/1 Ankylosing spondylitis,
Elyxyb, analgesic, before and periodically throughout
tab osteoarthritis
Seglentis and antipyretic therapy.
Route: action due to Rheumatoid arthritis
Assess patient for allergy to
Generic Name: P.O inhibition of COX-2
Adjunctive treatment in sulfonamides, aspirin, or NSAIDs.
Celecoxib enzyme
familial adenomatous Patients with these allergies should
Frequency:
polyposis to decrease the not receive celecoxib.
Pharmacologic b.i.d.
Classification: number of adenomatous
Assess patient for skin rash
cyclooxygenase colorectal polyps
frequently during therapy.
(COX-2) Acute pain or primary Discontinue at first sign of rash;
inhibitors dysmenorrhea may be life-threatening. SJS may
develop. Treat symptomatically;
Pregnancy Contraindications: may recur once treatment is
Category: C Hypersensitivity to drug, stopped.
sulfonamides, or other Monitor for signs and symptoms of
NSAIDs DRESS (fever, rash,
lymphadenopathy, facial swelling)
● Advanced renal disease periodically during therapy.
Discontinue therapy if symptoms
● Severe hepatic
occur.
impairment
● Sensitivity precipitated
by aspirin
● Breastfeeding
Adverse Reactions:
CNS: dizziness,
drowsiness,
headache,insomnia,
fatigue,stroke
CV: angina, tachycardia,
peripheral edema
EENT: ophthalmic effects,
tinnitus,epistaxis
GI: nausea, diarrhea,
constipation,abdominal
pain
GU: menorrhagia,renal
failure
Hematologic: eosinophilia
Hepatic: hepatotoxicity
Metabolic:
hyperchloremia,
 hypophosphatemia
Musculoskeletal: back
pain, leg cramps
Respiratory: upper
respiratory tract infection
Skin: rash
Other: anaphylaxis

7.
DRUG NAME DOSAGE, MECHANISM OF INDICATIONS, NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
ROUTE, ACTION CONTRAINDICATIONS,
FREQUENCY ADVERSE REACTIONS
Brand Name: Dosage: Magnesium is the Indication: Use caution with renal insufficiency
Concept Ob, Pre-eclampsia second most Used for immediate
May cause decreased respiratory
Suprep Bowel woman: 4g IV I in plentiful cation of the control of life-threatening
rate, arrythmias, hypotension,
Prep Kit, Tis-U- PNSS and 4-5 g. intracellular fluids. It convulsions in the
muscle weakness
sol deep IM into is essential for the treatment of severe
buttock alternate activity of many toxemias (pre-eclampsia Monitor EKG and respiratory status
Generic Name: enzyme systems and eclampsia) of
Magnesium Route: and plays an pregnancy. Monitor Mg levels
sulfate Intramuscular important role with Ensure dosage with secondary
(IM) regard to Contraindications: practitioner
Pharmacologic Intravenous (IV) neurochemical Allergy to magnesium
Classification: transmission and products- Abdominal pain, Calcium gluconate is the antidote
Mineral Frequency: muscular excitability. Nausea, Vomiting, Acute Magnesium toxicity results in
Once daily Magnesium sulfate surgical abdomen, Fecal respiratory depression and loss of
 reduces striated impaction- Intestinal and deep tendon reflexes
Pregnancy muscle contractions biliary tractobstructio,
Category: and blocks Hepatitis- Myocardial
A to D. peripheral damage, Heart blocks- 2
neuromuscular hr preceding
transmission by
reducing Adverse Reactions:
acetylcholine CNS: Weakness,
release at the drowsiness,
myoneural junction.
Respiratory: Decreased
Additionally,
respiratory rate
Magnesium inhibits
Ca2+ influx through CV: Palpitations
dihydropyridine-
sensitive, voltage- GI: Excessive bowel
dependent activity, perianal irritation
channels. This Metabolic: Magnesium
accounts for much intoxication,
of its relaxant action
on vascular smooth
muscle.

8.
DRUG NAME DOSAGE, MECHANISM OF INDICATIONS, NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
 ROUTE, ACTION CONTRAINDICATIONS,
FREQUENCY ADVERSE REACTIONS
Brand Name: Dosage: Relaxes vascular Indication: Monitor the client’s blood pressure
Apresoline smooth muscles of and pulse frequently during initial
Hypertension Hydralazine is indicated
arteries and dosage adjustment and periodically
alone or adjunct to
Generic Name: Adults: 10 mg arterioles, causing throughout therapy. Report
standard therapy to treat
Hydralazine peripheral significant changes to the physician.
Route: essential hypertension
vasodilation and
Monitor frequency of prescription
Pharmacologic IV decreasing Contraindications:
refills to determine adherence.
Classification: peripheral vascular -Hypersensitivity to drug
Peripheral Frequency: resistance. These or tartrazine Prior to and periodically during
vasodilator actions decrease -Coronary artery disease prolonged therapy the following lab
blood pressure and values should be monitored: CBC,
Pregnancy increase heart rate, -Mitral valvular rheumatic
electrolytes, LE Cell Prep and ANA
Category: C stroke volume, and heart disease
titer.
cardiac output. Adverse Reactions:
The nurse must be aware that
CNS: dizziness, Hydralazine may cause a positive
drowsiness direct Coomb’s test result.

CV: tachycardia, angina IM or IV route should be used only

when the drug cannot be given
EENT: lacrimation, nasal orally.
congestion
Hydralazine may be administered
GI: nausea, vomiting, concurrently with diuretics or beta
diarrhea, Metabolic: blockers to permit lower doses and
sodium retention minimize side effects.
Musculoskeletal: joint Instruct the patient not to let anyone
pain, else take his or her medication.
Skin: rash, blisters, Inform the patient to take
flushing hydralazine with meals or a snack.
Other: chills, fever Instruct the patient to take this
medication exactly as prescribed by
the doctor. He or she should not
take it in larger amounts or for
longer than recommended.
Directions on the prescription label
should be followed.
It is important to remind the patient
to keep using Hydralazine as
directed, even if he or she feels
well. High blood blood pressure
often has no symptoms, so you may
not know when your blood pressure
is high.
STORAGE: Store hydralazine at
room temperature away from
moisture and heat.
In cases where the patient missed a
dose he or she should take the
missed dose as soon as he or she
remembers. If it is almost time for
the next dose, wait until then to take
the medicine and skip the missed
dose. Do not take extra medicine to
make up the missed dose.
9.
DRUG NAME DOSAGE, MECHANISM OF INDICATIONS, NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
ROUTE, ACTION CONTRAINDICATIONS,
FREQUENCY ADVERSE REACTIONS
Brand Name: Dosage: Thought to inhibit Indication: Assess fluid status. Monitor daily
Furocix -hypertension sodium and chloride weight, intake and output ratios,
Furosemide is indicated
Lasix Adults: 40 mg reabsorption from amount and location of edema, lung
for the treatment of
ascending loop of sounds, skin turgor, and mucous
edema associated with
Generic Name: Route: Henle and distal membranes. Notify health care
congestive heart failure,
Furosemide P.O renal tubules. professional if thirst, dry mouth,
cirrhosis of the liver, and
Increases potassium lethargy, weakness, hypotension, or
renal disease, including
Pharmacologic Frequency: excretion and oliguria occurs.
the nephrotic syndrome,
Classification: b.i.d. plasma volume,
in adults and pediatric Monitor BP and pulse before and
Sulfonamide promoting renal
patients. during administration. Monitor
loop excretion of water,
frequency of prescription refills to
diuretic sodium, chloride, Oral furosemide is
determine compliance in patients
magnesium, indicated alone for the
treated for hypertension.
Therapeutic hydrogen, and management of mild to
class: Diuretic, calcium. moderate hypertension or Geri: Diuretic use is associated with
antihypertensive severe hypertension in increased risk for falls in older
combination with other adults. Assess falls risk and
Pregnancy
antihypertensive implement fall prevention strategies.
Category:
medications.
Assess patients receiving digoxin
C
Intravenous furosemide is for anorexia, nausea, vomiting,
indicated as adjunctive muscle cramps, paresthesia, and
therapy in acute confusion. Patients taking digoxin
pulmonary edema when a are at increased risk of digoxin
rapid onset of diuresis is toxicity because of the potassium-
desired. depleting effect of the diuretic.
Subcutaneous furosemide Potassium supplements or
is indicated for the potassium-sparing diuretics may be
treatment of congestion used concurrently to prevent
due to fluid overload in hypokalemia.
adults with NYHA Class
Assess patient for tinnitus and
II/III chronic heart failure.
hearing loss. Audiometry is
This drug formulation is
recommended for patients receiving
not indicated for
prolonged high-dose IV therapy.
emergency situations or in
Hearing loss is most common after
patients with acute
rapid or high-dose IV administration
pulmonary edema.13
in patients with decreased renal
function or those taking other
ototoxic drugs.
Contraindications:
Assess for allergy to sulfonamides.
Hypersensitivity to drug or
other sulfonamides Assess patient for skin rash
frequently during therapy.
Anuria
Discontinue furosemide at first sign
Adverse Reactions: of rash; may be life-threatening.
Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic
CNS: dizziness, headache epidermal necrolysis, or erythema
CV: hypotension multiforme may develop. Treat
symptomatically; may recur once
EENT: blurred vision treatment is stopped.
GI: nausea, vomiting,
diarrhea, dry mouth
GU: excessive and
frequent urination
 Hematologic: anemia
Metabolic: hyperglycemia,
Musculoskeletal: muscle
pain
Skin: photosensitivity,
rash

10.
DRUG NAME DOSAGE, MECHANISM OF INDICATIONS, NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
ROUTE, ACTION CONTRAINDICATIONS,
FREQUENCY ADVERSE REACTIONS
Brand Name: Dosage: Hyoscine-N-butyl Indication:
Buscopan bromide (HNBB) Relief of smooth muscle
ampule 20mg Hyoscine may make a patient dizzy
acts by interfering spasm of the
Generic Name: or cause vision problems; use caution
Route: with the gastrointestinal and
Hyoscine-N- engaging in activities requiring
transmission of genitourinary systems
butyl bromide PO alertness such as driving or using
nerve impulses by
machinery.
Classification: Frequency: acetylcholine in the Contraindications:
Antispasmodics parasympathetic Hypersensitivity to Instruct the client to avoid or minimize
q4h nervous system. hyoscine butyl bromide drinking alcoholic beverages.
Pregnancy Porphyria Myasthenia
Category: C Buscopan exerts a Caution is advised when using this
gravis Prostatic
spasmolytic action drug in the elderly because they may
enlargement, paralytic
on the smooth be more sensitive to the effects of the
ileus or pyloric stenosis
muscle of the drug.
and fever Closed angle
gastrointestinal,
glaucoma, or narrow Inform the patient to consult the
biliary and urinary
tracts. As a angle between the iris doctor immediately if he or she
quaternary and cornea, as hyoscine experiences any of the following
ammonium increases intra-ocular while using this medicine: red and
derivative, hyoscine- pressure pregnant and painful eye, possibly with headache,
N- butyl bromide lactating mothers loss of vision, or seeing haloes
does not enter the around lights. These symptoms may
central nervous Adverse Reactions: be caused by an increase in pressure
system. Therefore, inside the eyeball and require urgent
CNS: dizziness,
anticholinergic side investigation by the doctor.
anaphylactic reactions
effects at the central
If the patient missed a dose, inform
nervous system do CV: hypotension,
him or her to use it as soon as you
not occur. Peripheral tachycardia, palpitations,
remember. If it is near the time of the
anticholinergic flushing
next dose, skip the missed dose and
effects result from a
ganglion-blocking GI: Dry mouth, resume your usual dosing schedule.
constipation, nausea Remind the patient not double the
action within the
dose to catch up.
visceral wall as well DERM: flushing,
as from anti- dyshidrosis The medication should be stored at
muscarinic activity. room temperature between 59 and 86
GU: Urinary retention, degrees F away from light and
urinary hesitancy moisture.
Resp: dyspnea, Hyoscine should not be placed in the
bronchial plugging, refrigerator.
depressed respiration
Symptoms of overdose may include:
EENT: mydriasis, dilated irregular heartbeat, reddened skin,
pupils, blurred vision, drowsiness. Instruct the patient to
immediately alert the physician once
these are noticed or experienced.
11.
DRUG NAME DOSAGE, MECHANISM OF INDICATIONS, NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
ROUTE, ACTION CONTRAINDICATIONS,
FREQUENCY ADVERSE REACTIONS
Brand Name: Dosage: Blocks stimulation of Indication: Do not discontinue drug abruptly
Coreg CR. Hypertension cardiac beta1- after chronic therapy
Hypertension alone or
Adults: (hypersensitivity to catecholamines
adrenergic receptor with other oral drugs esp.
Generic Name: may have developed, causing
20 mg/1 tab sites and pulmonary diuretics
Carvedilol exacerbation of angina, MI, and
beta2-adrenergic
Route: Treatment of mild to ventricular arrhythmias); taper drug
receptor sites.
Pharmacologic P.O severe CHF of ischemic gradually over 2 wk with monitoring.
class: Beta- Shows intrinsic or cardiomyopathic origin
Consult with physician about
adrenergic sympathomimetic with digitalis, diuretics,
Frequency: withdrawing drug if patient is to
blocker activity, causing ACE inhibitors
undergo surgery (withdrawal is
(nonselective) b.i.d. slowing of heart
Left ventricular controversial).
rate, decreased
Therapeutic dysfunction after MI
myocardial Give with food to decrease
class: excitability, reduced Unlabeled uses: Angina orthostatic hypotension and
Antihypertensive cardiac output, and (25-50mg bid) adverse effects.
decreased renin
Pregnancy risk Contraindications: Monitor for orthostatic hypotension
release from kidney.
category C and provide safety precautions.
● Hypersensitivity to drug
Monitor diabetic patient closely;
● Uncompensated heart drug may mask hypoglycemia or
failure worsen hyperglycemia.
● Pulmonary edema WARNING: Monitor patient for any
● Cardiogenic shock sign of hepatic impairment (pruritus,
dark urine or stools, anorexia,
● Bradycardia or heart
block jaundice, pain); arrange for LFTs
and discontinue drug if tests
● Severe hepatic
indicate liver injury. Do not restart
impairment
carvedilol.
● Bronchial asthma,
bronchospasm
Adverse Reactions:
CNS: dizziness, fatigue,
anxiety,
depression, insomnia
CV: orthostatic
hypotension,
hypertension,
bradycardia,
EENT: blurred or
abnormal vision, dry eyes,
stuffy nose
GI: nausea, diarrhea,
constipation
GU: urinary tract infection,
hematuria
Hematologic: bleeding,
purpura,
thrombocytopenia
 Metabolic: hypovolemia,
hypervole-
mia, hyperglycemia,
hyponatremia,
hyperuricemia, glycosuria,
gout, hypo-
glycemia
Musculoskeletal:
arthralgia, back pain,
muscle cramps
Respiratory: wheezing,
upper respira-
tory tract infection,
dyspnea, bronchi-
tis, bronchospasm,
pulmonary edema
Skin: pruritus, rash

12.
DRUG NAME DOSAGE, MECHANISM OF INDICATIONS, NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
ROUTE, CONTRAINDICATIONS,
 FREQUENCY ACTION ADVERSE REACTIONS
Brand name: Dosage: An essential mineral Indications: May cause seizures, hypotension,
Apo- ferrous found in hemoglobin, constipation, epigastric pain,
30mg -Prevention/treatment of
sulfate, myoglobin, and many diarrhea, skin
iron-deficiency anemia.
FeroGrad, Route: P.O enzymes. Enters the staining, anaphylaxis
Novuferosult blood- stream and is -Tolerate or receive oral Assess nutritional status, bowel
Frequency: transported to the function
iron. Sodium ferric
Generic name: TID organs of theoretical- gluconate complex Monitor hemoglobin, hematocrit,
Ferrous sulfate endothelial system iron levels
(liver, spleen, bone -Treatment of iron May cause elevated liver enzymes
Therapeutic: marrow), where it is deficiency in patients Take on an empty stomach to
Antiemetics separated out and undergoing chronic increase absorption/vitamin c helps
becomes part of iron hemodialysis or peritoneal with absorption
Pharmacologic: stores. dialysis who are Use z-track for IM injections
Iron concurrently receiving
Therapeutic Effects: erythropoietin. Treatment
supplements
Prevention/treatment of iron deficiency anemia
of iron deficiency in patients with chronic
kidney disease including
patients who are not on
dialysis (with or without
erythropoietin) and
patients dependent on
dialysis (with
erythropoietin).
IM, IV: Iron dextran
Treatment of iron
deficiency anemia in
patients who cannot
Contraindications:
Contraindicated with
allergy to any ingredient;
sulphite allergy;
hemochromatosis,
hemosiderosis,
haemolytic anemias
Precaution: Use
cautiously with normal
iron balance; peptic ulcer,
regional enteritis,
ulcerative colitis
Adverse Reactions:
CNS: SEIZURES,
dizziness, headache,
syncope.
CV: Hypotension,
hypertension, tachycardia.
GI: nausea; PO,
constipation, dark stools,
diarrhea, epigastric pain,
GI bleeding; tastedisorder,
vomiting.