Kimberly Kaye P.

Llarenas DRUG STUDY

BSN 4A1
Name of drug Dosage/ Mechanism of Indication Contraindication Adverse effects Nursing
frequency/ action s responsibilities
time/route
Losartan reversibly -Hypertension: Commonly The nurse is
Generic name:  Usual Adult First-line therapy -high levels of reported side responsible of:
Losartan Dose for and competitively for stage 1 potassium in the effects of losartan
Diabetic hypertension blood include: asthenia, 1.Assess blood
prevents
Brand Names: Nephropathy: along with chest pain, pressure periodically
Cozaar angiotensin II -renal artery and compare to
thiazide diuretics, diarrhea, fatigue,
Initial dose: 50 binding to the calcium channel stenosis and normal values to
Drug Class: mg orally once a blockers, and hypoglycemia. help document
day. AT1 receptor in -low blood
Angiotensin ACEI. In patients Other side effects antihypertensive
receptor Maintenance tissues like with atherosclerot pressure include: effects. Report low
blockers dose: 25 to 100 vascular smooth ic cardiovascular hyperkalemia, blood pressure
(ARBs) mg orally in 1 to disease (ASCVD) -liver problems hypotension, and (hypotension),
2 divided doses. muscle and the
risk greater than orthostatic especially if patient
adrenal gland. or equal to 10%, -mild to moderate hypotension. experiences
Usual Adult combination kidney impairment dizziness or syncope.
Losartan and its
Dose for therapy is used to
Hypertension: active metabolite attain blood -pregnancy 2. Monitor symptoms
bind the pressure goals. of high plasma
Initial dose: 50 Angiotensin II -decreased blood potassium levels
mg orally once a AT1 receptor with volume
receptor blockers (hyperkalemia),
day. 1000 times more (ARBs) are useful including
affinity than they as monotherapy bradycardia, fatigue,
in the absence of weakness, numbness,
Maintenance bind to the comorbidities like and tingling. Notify
dose: 25 to 100 AT2 receptor. The diabetes, ischemic physician because
mg orally in 1 to heart disease, severe cases can lead
active metabolite of
2 divided doses. cerebrovascular to life-threatening
losartan is 10-40 disease, heart arrhythmias and
times more potent failure, and paralysis.
chronic kidney
by weight than
disease.
unmetabolized 3.Monitor signs of
losartan as an -Diabetic hypoglycemia,
nephropathy:
inhibitor of AT1 and In patients with especially during and
is a non- type 2 diabetes after exercise.
mellitus and Common
competitive
hypertension,
inhibitor. Losartan' neuromuscular
losartan is used to
treat diabetic symptoms include
s prevention of
nephropathy with anxiety; restlessness;
angiotensin II elevated serum tingling in hands,
binding causes creatinine
and proteinuria. feet, lips, or tongue;
vascular smooth
ARBs are known chills; cold sweats;
muscle relaxation, to be confusion; difficulty
lowering blood Renoprotective in
in concentration;
type 2 diabetes
pressure. mellitus. drowsiness;
nightmares or
Angiotensin II -Hypertension trouble sleeping;
with left
would otherwise excessive hunger;
ventricular
bind to the hypertrophy:  headache;
AT1 receptor and Losartan inhibits irritability;
angiotensin II-
induce nervousness; tremor;
induced cardiac
vasoconstriction, remodeling. It weakness; unsteady
reduces the risk of gait. Patients with
raising blood
stroke in these diabetes mellitus
pressure. patients.
should check blood
-Treatment of glucose levels
heart failure (off- frequently.
label use):
A study involving
elderly heart-
failure patients, 4. Assess dizziness
Evaluation of that might affect gait,
Losartan in the balance, and other
Elderly Study functional activities
(ELITE), Report balance
concluded that problems and
compared to
Kimberly Kaye P. Llarenas DRUG STUDY
BSN 4A1
captopril, losartan functional limitations
correlated with to the physician and
lower mortality caution the patient
and was tolerated and
better than family/caregivers to
captopril. In the guard against falls
ELITE II study, the and trauma.
conclusion was
that losartan was
as competent as 5. Assess body
captopril in weight periodically
improving heart
failure-related and report
outcomes, NYHA
class, and quality
of life.