CHAPTER 1.

7: REGULATORY
FRAMEWORK
CHAPTER 1: POLLUTION PREVENTION, WASTE MINIMISATION AND WASTE
MANAGEMENT
 Preview of Chapter 1

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 Course Outcomes
1. Explain the impacts of the generated wastes from the major sectors of oil and
gas industry to the environment and human health.

2. Discuss the benefits of pollution prevention and waste management techniques

in oil and gas industry according to the three P’s of sustainability (People, Planet,
Profit).

3. Justify the choice of appropriate pollution control measures based on the type of
waste as well as adhering to the Environmental Quality Act (2012) and its related
regulations.

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 Learning outcomes for Chapter 1

1. Explain the concepts of pollution prevention, waste minimisation

and waste management and its application in oil and gas industry.

2. Explain the connection of carbon tax, carbon footprint and

managing energy towards reducing pollution level.

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 Contents for Chapter 1

1. True costs of waste

2. Pollution prevention
3. Waste minimisation
4. Waste management
5. Environmental impact assessment (EIA)
6. Sustainable development
7. Carbon tax and carbon footprint
8. Managing energy in oil and gas industry
9. Regulatory framework

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 International Environmental Convention

• Montreal Protocol of the Vienna Convention – Phase out of ozone depleting

substances
• Basel Convention – trans boundary movement of hazardous waste
• Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC) – stabilize greenhouse gas
concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous
anthropogenic interference with the climate system
• Kyoto Protocol (1992) – An international treaty to reduce greenhouse gases
emissions
• Conference of parties (COP) – meets every year to take decisions that further
the implementation of Convention and to combat climate change.

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 Malaysia: Law and Regulation

• The Environmental Quality Act 1974 relates to the

• prevention
• abatement
• control of pollution and enhancement of the environment

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 EQA 1974

• Licences are required from the Department of Environment (DOE), MNRE, for
activities that give rise to pollutions (atmosphere, water, or land).
• It is compulsory to conduct an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for any
proposed project to assess its potential impact on the environment, and
subsequently propose measures to control such impact.

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 Regulations related to oil and gas

1. Environmental Quality (Clean Air) Regulations

2. Environmental Quality (Control of Lead Concentration in Motor Gasoline)
Regulations
3. Environmental Quality (Prescribed Activities) (Environmental Impact
Assessment) Order
4. Environmental Quality (Prescribed Premises)(Scheduled Wastes Treatment And
Disposal Facilities) Order 1989
5. Environmental Quality (Prescribed Premises)(Scheduled Wastes Treatment And
Disposal Facilities) Regulations
6. Environmental Quality (Delegation of Powers on Marine Pollution Control)
Order
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 Regulations related to oil and gas

7. Environmental Quality (Prohibition on the use of Chlorofluoro-carbons and

other Gases as Propellants and Blowing Agents) OrderEnvironmental Quality
(Control of Emission from Diesel Engines) Regulations
8. Environmental Quality (Control of Emission from Petrol Engines) Regulations
9. Environmental Quality (Dioxin and Furan) Regulations
12. Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 2005Environmental
Quality (Control of Petrol And Diesel Properties) Regulations
13. Environmental Quality (Industrial Effluent) Regulations 2009

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