ACEHNESE CULTURE

Supervisor:

MUSLEM, M.Pd. M.TESOL

By:

THARAFIA FAUZA / 1042020017

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

STATE ISLAMIC INSTITUTE OF LANGSA

2023
 PREFACE

Assalamu'alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh

All praise to Allah SWT who has given us the facilities so that we can complete this
paper on time. Without his help, of course we would not be able to finish this paper well.
Shalawat and salam may be showered abundantly on our beloved Prophet Muhammad SAW
whose intercession we look forward to in the afterlife.
The author certainly realizes that this thesis is still far from being perfect and there are
still many mistakes and deficiencies in it. For this reason, the authors expect criticism and
suggestions from readers for this paper, so that this paper can later become a better paper.
Then if there are many mistakes in this paper the author apologizes profusely.
Langsa, May 18th 2022

Writer

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 TABLE OF CONTENT

PRAFACE............................................................................................................... i

TABLE OF CONTENT......................................................................................... ii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION....................... ................................................... 1

A. Baground of The Paper................................................................................ 1

B. Research Question........................................................................................ 1
C. Purpose of The Paper.................................................................................... 1
CHAPTER II THEORY AND DISCUSSION...................................................... 2
A. Acehnese Culture........................................................................................... 2
B. The Various of Acehnese Culture.................................................................. 2
CHAPTER III CONCLUSION.............................................................................. 5
BIBLIOGRAPHY....................................................................................................6

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 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

A. BAGROUND OF THE PAPER

Indonesia consists of thousands of ethnic groups spread throughout Indonesia.
Each has a different culture. The definition of culture itself is the result of creation,
taste, and human initiative. The development of a culture of a nation is influenced by
the intellectual development and social behavior of its people. So that culture itself
cannot avoid changes with the times.
However, these changes must maintain the basic values of the culture itself so
that its purity is maintained.
One of the cultures that I will discuss in this paper is Aceh culture. Where
Aceh is one of the Special Regions in Indonesia. Apart from that, the people of Aceh
make Islamic teachings the basis that regulates life. No wonder this area is known as
the "Veranda of Mecca".
During the colonial period, the enthusiasm and role of the Acehnese people
was very large in expelling the invaders. Although only with traditional weapons such
as Rencong, they are not afraid to fight against invaders. This is what makes Aceh get
the nickname "Land of Rencong".

B. RESEARCH PROBLEM
1. What is the Acehnese Culture?
2. What are the various of Acehnese Culture?
C. PURPOSE OF THE PAPER
1. To find out about Acehnees Culture
2. To find out the various of Acehnese Culture

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 CHAPTER II
THEORY AND DISCUSSION

A. ACEHNESE CULTURE
Acehnese culture is a culture lived by people whose customs are closely related to
Islam. The customs that apply in Acehnese society do not conflict with the teachings of
Islam. We hope that this Islamic culture can be reflected in all the behavior and life of the
Acehnese.
Acehnese culture is heavily influenced by Islamic culture. Dances, crafts, decorations,
customs, and so on are all rooted in Islamic values. Examples of Aceh's decorative styles,
for example, take many plant forms such as stems, leaves and flowers or natural objects
such as clouds, moon, stars, waves, and so on. This is because according to Islamic
teachings it is not justified to display human or animal forms as decorations. Aceh has
been involved in war for a very long time and has had a very bad impact on its cultural
existence. Many parts of culture have been forgotten and high-quality handicrafts have
been reduced or lost.1

B. THE VARIOUS OF ACEHNESE CULTURE

Acehnese culture has a principle called adab and religion that is like a substance and
nature that cannot be separated.
a) Religion
Islam is the dominant religion, accounting for about 98% of the population.
The indigenous people of Aceh are mainly Muslim, and the rest are Buddhist,
Christian and Hindu who are of Javanese, Chinese, Batak and Indian descent.2
b) Traditional food
Aceh cuisine is generally dominated by spicy flavors. For the seasoning,
spices are the most commonly used types of seasonings. For example, Grilled Duck,
Goat Curry, Aceh Martabak, Aceh Noodles, Crab Noodles. 3
c) Language

1
Sehat Ihsan Shadiqin and Siti Ikramatoun, “MAWLID CELEBRATION IN ACEH: Culture, Religious
Expression, and Political Medium,” MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman 46, no. 1 (2022): 122.
2
Ibid.
3
Dohra Fitrisia et al., “The Naming of Acehnese Traditional Culinary,” Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews
8, no. 2 (2020): 815–823.

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 The Acehnese have their own language, namely the Acehnese language, which
belongs to the Austronesian language family. The Acehnese language consists of
several dialects, including the Peusangan, Banda, Bueng, Daya, Pase, Pidie, Tunong,
Seunagan, Matang, and Meulaboh dialects, but the most important is the Banda
dialect. This dialect is used in Banda Aceh. In its grammar, the Acehnese language
does not recognize endings to form new words, whereas in its phonetic system, the eu
sign is mostly used with the pepet sign (e sound). 4
d) Traditional Clothing and Bridal Jewelry
The groom (Linto baro) and the bride (Dara Baro), both wear shirts, trousers
and songket sarongs. The basic material for this wedding dress was woven with silk
thread. At present, many clothing materials are made of cotton, nylon, flannel and so
on. For the groom, the shirt and pants are black, while the bride is a red or yellow
dress with black trousers.5

e) Traditional dances
1. Saman
The saman dance was created and developed by an Islamic religious figure
named Syeh Saman. Saair saman is used in Arabic and Acehnese. This dance has
no game accompaniment, because with hand movements and sung poetry, it has
made the atmosphere happy. 6 The songs (dance moves) are basically the same,
with hand claps, chest claps and claps on the knees, raising hands up alternately.
2. Seudati
Before the existence of seudati, there was already an art like that called retoih,
or saman, then the name shahada was established and shortened to seudati. The
Seudati players consist of 8 players with 2 syahi acting as vocalists, one of them is
appointed as a sheikh, namely the leader of the Seudati group. Seudati was not
accompanied by any musical instruments.7
f) Traditional musical instruments
1. Serune Kalee
Serune Kalee is a traditional Acehnese wind instrument, which is a type of
clarinet, mainly found in the Pidie, North Aceh, Aceh Besar and West Aceh

4
Schröter, “Acehnese Culture(s) Plurality and Homogeneity.”
5
Yusuf and Yusuf, “Contemporary Acehnese Cultural Prohibitions and the Practice of Mystical Threats.”
6
Schröter, “Acehnese Culture(s) Plurality and Homogeneity.”
7
Ibid.

3
 regions. This tool is made of wood, small at the base and large at the end
resembling a funnel.
2. Rapai
Rapai is a kind of traditional Acehnese musical instrument, as is the case with
a drum. Rapai is made of hard wood (usually from jackfruit stems) which, after
being rounded, is then given a hole in the middle. (This clamp in Acehnese is
called sidak). 8

g) Weapon
1. Reuncong (Rencong)
2. Siwaih
3. Sword (Sword)
4. Spear.

8
Ibid.

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 CHAPTER III

CONCLUSION

In Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam Province there are now 20 level II regions inhabited
by eight ethnic groups, namely the Acehnese, Gayo, Alas, Tamiang, Aneuk Jamee, Kluet,
Simeulue, and Singkil. All of these ethnicities are indigenous people who in Dutch terms are
called inlanders (indigenous people). Each of these ethnic groups has its own characteristics,
such as language, literature, singing, dance, music and customs.

Aceh's cultural products consist of language, traditional clothing and bridal jewelry,
traditional dances, traditional musical instruments, weapons, traditional games, tourist spots
and traditional food.

Islam is the dominant religion, accounting for about 98% of the population. The
indigenous people of Aceh are mainly Muslim, and the rest are Buddhist, Christian and
Hindu who are of Javanese, Chinese, Batak and Indian descent.

Since ancient times, Aceh can be said to have experienced changes in society and
culture. Development in Aceh has been hampered by a lack of security, poor communication,
and apathy on the part of the people towards the idea of development. This is because the
government is not run consistently so that development efforts are hampered.

Modernization in various fields has not been realized properly and often brings or
creates bureaucracy in a bad sense resulting from the correlation between regulations and
their implementation.

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 BLIBIOGRAPHY

Fitrisia, Dohra, Robert Sibarani, Mulyadi, Mara Untung Ritonga, and Laili Suhairi. “The
Naming of Acehnese Traditional Culinary.” Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 8,
no. 2 (2020).

Mutmainnah, Mutmainnah, Rahmatun Nessa, Bukhari Bukhari, Nur Farhana Mohd Radzif,
and Rizki Kurniawati. “Development of Learning Media for Acehnese Culture Picture
Books to Get to Know Local Culture in Early Childhood.” Al-Athfal: Jurnal Pendidikan
Anak 7, no. 1 (2021).

Schröter, Susanne. “Acehnese Culture(s) Plurality and Homogeneity.” Aceh: History, Politics
and Culture (2010).

Shadiqin, Sehat Ihsan, and Siti Ikramatoun. “MAWLID CELEBRATION IN ACEH: Culture,
Religious Expression, and Political Medium.” MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman 46,
no. 1 (2022).

Yusuf, Yunisrina Qismullah, and Qismullah Yusuf. “Contemporary Acehnese Cultural

Prohibitions and the Practice of Mystical Threats.” Kemanusiaan 21, no. 2 (2014).