2023-paper 35

Part A

1. A) i. Life could not exist on planet earth without water. Give 2 reasons why water is an
important ingredient in living matter.
a……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
ii. Explain why water molecule is considered to be a polar molecule
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iii. Write the type of intermolecular bond formed due to the polarity of water
molecules……………………………………………………………………………………………………
iv. Write the difference in the type of bond you mentioned above in liquid state and solid state
of water.
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v. Give 2 physical properties of water emerged from the above mentioned bonds.
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vi. Give examples for an ionic compound and a polar compound that readily dissolve in water.
a. Ionic compound …………………………………b.Polar compound …………………………………

B) i. Complete the chart given below , according to the given compound.

compound Name Constituent function

molecules

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2. A) Answer questions related to the following graph.

i. What is given in the X and Y axis of above graph?

a. X axis ……………………………………………………………………..
b. Y axis ……………………………………………………………………..
ii. Define the above graph.
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iii. What can you interpret from the above graph.
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iv. What is the significance of light dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
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v. State the differences in C3 and C4 pathways of C fixation under following headings.
C3 C4
a. First stable product ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b. Form of inorganic C used for fixation
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c. Enzyme used for initial fixation …………………………………………………………………………………………………….
d. Occurrence of initial fixation
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vi. What is the main objective of C4 pathway?
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vii. Write down the main steps of an experiment done to measure the rate of photosynthesis
using an aquatic plant like Hydrilla under the normal illumination of laboratory at a CO2
concentration of 0.01%(NaHCO3 solution)
a. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
c. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
d. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
e. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
f. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
viii. What are the main limiting factors of photosynthesis?
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ix. What is the conclusion you can arrive at , If the rate of photosynthesis is found to be
stabilized and does not increase even with an increase of the light intensity around the
plant?
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x. Write down the main events of Citric acid cycle.
a. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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b. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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c. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
d. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
e. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
xi. Approximately what percent of ATP is produced by the electron transport chain in cellular
aerobic respiration in a liver cell?
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xii. What is the site of production of CO2 in aerobic respiration and anerobic respiration in a
yeast cell?
a. Aerobic respiration ……………………………………………………………………………………………..
b. Anaerobic respiration …………………………………………………………………………………………..
xiii. Why is aerobic respiration considered more efficient than anaerobic respiration?
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3. i. Identify the above diagram
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ii. Identify the parts indicated by arrows.
iii. To which group of plants the type of tissue above belongs?
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iv. Write the reason for your answer
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v. Write 2 other features unique to the above plant group.
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vi. How long ago the plants with vascular system evolved?
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vii. How long ago plants acquired true roots and leaves?
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viii. What was the first group of animals that colonized land?
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ix. Write one structural feature of the above group of animals contributed to their success on
land ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
x. Write the group of organisms with the following characteristics.
a. thalloid body and haploid dominant stage living on moist habitats
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b. 2n stage with foot, long seta and a sporangium …………………………………………………….
c. Coenocytic filamentous body bearing sporangia ……………………………………………………
d. Presence of microphyll leaves and dichotomous branching roots ……………………………………
e. flagellated sperms and naked ovules ……………………………………………………………………………….

xi. What are the differences between a microphyll leaf and megaphyll leaf?

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xii. Write 2 differences between vascular cambium and cork cambium of anthophytes.

a.Vascular cambium -…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Cork cambium …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

b.Vascular cambium ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Cork cambium …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

4. A) i. What is a connective tissue?

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ii. Name the main types of connective tissues in the human body.
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iii. What is the most widely spread connective tissue in human body?
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iv. Write the different cell types found in the areolar tissue of humans and functions of each cell
type.
a…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
c…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
d…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
e……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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v. Write the different types of fibers in connective tissues and functions of each type.
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B) i. Write the functions of each of the following glands associated to food digestion.
a. Pancreas -
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b. Liver-
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ii. Write the main enzymes involved in the digestion digestible polysaccharides.
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iii. Write the exocrine cells involved in production of each enzyme you mentioned.
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iv. In what form the digested fats are absorbed into lacteals?
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v. Write the site of activation of pancreatic proteolytic enzymes.
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C) i. Name the substances which can be absorbed by the stomach.
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ii. Write functions of the following nutrients in humans.
a. K+-………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b. F- ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
c. Vitamin E …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
iii. What is BMR?
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iv. What is the reason for lacking a circulatory system in simple animals such as
cnidarians and flatworms
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v. What is the role of blood circulatory system of complex animals?
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vi. Write the 3 basic components of a circulatory system
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vii. What is an open circulatory system?
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viii. What is a closed circulatory system?
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ix. Give 2 animal phyla which contain closed blood circulatory system
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x. Write the advantages of a closed circulatory system
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xi. Write the respiratory structures of following animals

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 1.earthworms …………………………………………………………
2. flatworms …………………………………………………………
3.fish ………………………………………………………….
4.insects ………………………………………………………..

xii. Name the major parts of human respiratory system

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Xiii Which part/s are involved in the step of external respiration?
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Essay- Write an essay on the blood circulatory systems in the animal kingdom