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WELL STAR BRIGHT SECONDARY SCHOOL

BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT

S.2 HOLIDAY PACKAGE

2023
Instructions

This paper consists of eight questions.

Answer all questions in this paper.

1a) Animals obtain their food by feeding on plants and so called heterotrophs. Explain how plants
obtain their energy they use to make their food? (2 marks)
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b) How do animals obtain the energy from plants? (2 marks)

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c) How does temperature affect the working of an enzyme? (4 marks)

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2. (a) The cell membrane controls the entry and exit of certain substances into the cell. Explain why it is
important to move materials in and out of the cell? (4 marks)
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(b) Explain how the root hair absorbs water and mineral salts from the soil? (4 marks)

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3. (a) Gloria observed carefully a plant leaf and she saw water droplets on the upper epidermis of the
leaf. Of what importance is that process taking place in the plant leaf? (4 marks)
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b) Hulaiyah used not to sleep under a mosquito net while at school. She woke up to go for morning
lessons but was feeling dizzy, had body weakness, and serious fever. What could have caused those
conditions and how does the body respond to such? (4marks).
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4a) Why is it important to eat a balanced diet? (2 marks)

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b) How does the body of a starving individual obtain energy? (2 marks)

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5(a) A S.3 placed a candle at two varying distances i.e. 100cm and 5 cm respectively from a plant placed
in a pot. Explain how this affects the amount of food manufactured by the plant? (4marks)
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(b) Why should we take care of our teeth? (4 marks)

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(c) Explain the features of a fertile soil? ( 4 marks)
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6. Living organisms in nature are made up of either one or more cells which enable them carryout life
processes.

a) Define the term a cell. (01 marks)

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Both plants and animals are made up of cells that differ in shape and size according to their functions.
However their cells are too tiny to be seen by a naked eye.

b (i) State any one magnifying instrument from the laboratory that can be used to examine cells. (01
marks)

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ii) What term refers to the study of cells in biology? (01 mark)
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c) Suggest any one biological process which occurs within cells. (01 mark)
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7. Soil is the covering of the earth’s surface in which plants grow and some microorganisms and animals
live.

a (i)State any six components of soil. (06 marks)

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A sample of soil was obtained from the school garden. It was found to contain some microorganisms
and water.

b) State the role played by;

i) Microorganisms in the soil. (02 marks)

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ii) Water in the soil. (02 marks)

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c) A group of senior two students obtained the following results while analyzing a soil sample. Volume
of soil =200cm3 Volume of water =300cm3 Volume of water and sand after stirring = 450cm3

i) Determine the component of soil being investigated. (01 marks)

ii) Calculate the percentage composition of the above component in the soil. (04 marks)

8. In the case of the practical biology lessons, senior two students examined four

specimens and noted the following features about them.

Specimen A
-Has sucking mouth parts

-Has one pair of wings

Specimen B

-Has biting mouth parts

-Has spines on legs

Specimen C

-Has biting mouth parts.

-Has no spines on legs

Specimen D

-Has sucking mouthparts

-Has two pairs of legs

a)Using constructing characteristics in each head.

i) Construct a flow chart. (07 marks)

ii) Construct a dichotomous key. (06 marks)

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