University of Engineering and Technology - VNU

Semiconductor devices and Integrated Circuit

Dr. Tran Cuong Hung

Email: tchung@vnu.edu.vn

9/8/2022
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Course Content

• Chapter 1. Passive components

• Chapter 2. Semiconductor Diodes
• Chapter 3. Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs)
• Chapter 4. Field-Effect Transistors (FETs)
• Chapter 5. Thyristor
• Chapter 6. ICs

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CHAPTER 1
Passive components

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Introduction

• Electronic components
▫ Passive components
▫ Active components

• Passive components:
▫ Resistor
▫ Capacitor
▫ Inductor
▫ Transformer

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Electronic components

• Passive components: are those who utilizes or store energy in the form of
voltage or current.

• Active components: are those who delivers or produce energy or power in

the form of a voltage or current

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Passive components

Resistor Inductor

Capacitor Transformer

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Resistor

• Resistor: A component that is specifically designed to have a certain

amount of resistance is called a resistor.
• The principal applications of resistors are to limit current in a circuit, to
divide voltage, and, in certain cases, to generate heat
U
R=
I
• Units: , m, , k, M, G, T

• Shapes and Symbols:

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Construction of a resistor

• Construction views of typical film resistors

• Carbon Film Resistors

• Metal Film Resistors

• Wirewound Resistors

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Resistor Color Codes

Color-code bands on a 4-band

resistor
The color code is read as follows:
1. Start with the band closest to one end of the
resistor. The first band is the first digit of the
resistance value. If it is not clear which is the
banded end, start from the end that does not
begin with a gold or silver band.
2. The second band is the second digit of the
resistance value.
3. The third band is the number of zeros following
the second digit, or the multiplier. The multiplier
is actually a power of ten multiplier; thus a black
band in the third position represents multiplying
by 1.
4. The fourth band indicates the percent tolerance
and is usually gold or silver.

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Example

• Example 1: Find the resistance value in ohms and the percent tolerance for
each of the color-coded resistors shown in Figure below:

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Example

• Example 2: Find the resistance value in ohms and the percent tolerance for
each of the color-coded resistors shown in Figure below

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Resistor Color Codes

Color-code bands on a
5-band resistor

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Resistor Color Codes

Color-code bands on a 5-band resistor

Example 3:

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Resistor Color Codes

Example 4: Determine the resistance and percent tolerance for each of the
resistors in Figure below

From the selection of resistors in Figure below, select the following values:
330 Ω, 2.2 kΩ, 56 kΩ, 100 kΩ,and 39 kΩ.

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Resistor Label Codes

Not all types of resistors are color coded

Numeric labeling uses three digits to

indicate the resistance value

Another common type of marking is a three- or four-character label that uses

both digits and letters. An alphanumeric label typically consists of only three
digits or two or three digits and one of the letters R, K, or M

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Different types of resistors

• Resistor (fixed value)

▫ Slows down the current passing through it by a fixed amount
• Variable resistor
▫ Slows down the current. The resistance can be changed by twisting it
Potentiometer:
▫ A three legged variable resistor. Used to split voltage or just as a variable
resistor
• Light Dependent Resistor (LDR)
▫ The resistance decreases as the light intensity increases
• Thermistor
▫ Increasing the temperature of a thermistor decrease it’s resistance (PTC –
positive temperature coefficient; NTC- negative temperature coefficient)

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Different types of resistors

Potentiometer
Typical potentiometers and construction views.

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Different types of resistors

Potentiometer Rheostat

???

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Resistor Parameters

• Resistance:
: resistivity
l: length
S: cross sectional area

• Resistor Tolerance: the percentage of error

in the resistor's resistance, or how much
more or less you can expect a resistor's
actual measured resistance to be from its
stated resistance.

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Resistor Parameters

• Power Rating: is the maximum amount of power that a resistor can dissipate
without being damaged or changed in value by excessive heat.
→ The power rating of a resistor must be greater than the maximum power that
it will have to handle

• Resistors which exceed their maximum power rating tend to go up in smoke,

usually quite quickly, and damage the circuit they are connected to.

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Basic Circuit

• Basically, an electric circuit consists of a voltage source, a load, and a path for
current between the source and the load.

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Basic Circuit

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Measuring Current

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Measuring Voltage

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Applications

• Heater resistor

• Voltage deviders
• Current limiting resistor

• Transistor biasing resistors • 555 Circuits oscillator

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Capacitor

• A component which has the ability or “capacity” to store energy in the

form of an electrical

Q: is charge
Q=CU C: is capacitance
U: is voltage

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Capacitor

• Construction
• How a capacitor stores charge
• Capacitance and the unit of capacitance
• Voltage rating
• Types of capacitors
• Capacitor labeling
• Series capacitors and parallel capacitors
• Application

Bonus:
• Capacitors in DC Circuits
• Capacitors in AC Circuits

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Inductor

• Construction
• Inductance and the unit of inductance
• How an inductor stores energy
• Types of inductors
• Inductor labeling
• Series and parallel inductors
• Application

Bonus:
• Inductors in DC Circuits
• Inductors in AC Circuits

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SEE YOU NEXT TIME

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