10

Science
Quarter 2 – Module 3:
Radiation Alert
Science – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 3: Radiation Alert
First Edition, 2020

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 10
Science
Quarter 2 – Module 3:
Radiation Alert
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science Grade 10 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on

Radiation Alert.

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

2
For the learner:

Welcome to the Science 10 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Radiation

Alert! The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often
used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create
and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies
and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

3
 Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

4
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
the world of Physics. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different
learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of
students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course.
But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the
textbook you are now using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

ü Explain the effects of electromagnetic radiation on living things and

the environment.
o Differentiate ionizing from non-ionizing radiation
o Determine the sources of radiation exposure
o Identify some biological effects of exposure to radiation

5
 What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. Radiation can affect living things. Which of the following uses of radioactivity
DOES NOT rely on this fact?

A. treating skin cancer

B. dating a fossilized bone
C. sterilizing medical equipment
D. producing mutant plant for farmers

2. In radiotherapy, why is gamma radiation used to kill cancer cells?

A. Gamma radiation is easy to produce.

B. Gamma radiation has a strong ionizing power.
C. Gamma radiation has the strongest penetration power.
D. Gamma radiation has the longest wavelength.

3. What would happen to a Tsetse fly ( a blood-sucking fly that can cause sleeping
sickness in humans) when it undergoes irradiation?

A. It dies immediately.
B. It becomes active in producing offspring
C. It will become sterile and unable to produce offspring.
D. It will mutate and becomes bigger.

4. Which of the following statements describe(s) the effect of nuclear radiation to

food industry?

I. Nuclear radiation increases the shelf life of fruits and vegetables.

II. Nuclear radiation decreases the value of the food.
III. Nuclear radiation prevents growth of molds in herbs and spices.

A. I only B. I and III only C. I only D. I, II, and III

5. Which of the following DOES NOT describe the short-term effect of exposure to
large doses of ionizing radiation?

A. Frequent vomiting C. Formation of cancerous tumors

B. Becoming more prone to infection D.Falling blood count

6
6. Why is carbon-dating an effective tool in determining the age of plant and animal
remains?

A. Plants and animals are such strong emitters of Carbon 14.

B. After a plant or animal dies, it stops taking in fresh carbon-14
C. There is so much non-radioactive carbon dioxide in the air
D. When a plant of an animal dies, it stops producing oxygen.

7. How does irradiation help in food preservation?

A. It adds more nutrients to food.
B. It delays natural ripening of fruits.
C. It maintains the natural color of the food.
D. It attracts insects for food ripening.

8. What is the reason why ionizing radiation is harmful to living organisms?

A. It penetrates the cells C. It activates the cells
B. It causes cell degeneration D. It causes ionization within the cells

9. What happens to a living organism when its genetic makeup has been altered?

A. It will adapt to changes C. It will disappear

B. It will mutate D. It will heal

10. Which of the following can be attributed to the ionization of living tissue?
A. Cells warm up C. All molecules explode
B. Random cell movements D. The cells break apart

11. Which of the following DOES NOT show benefits of radioisotopes in the
environment?
A. Analyzing and detecting pollutants C. Determining leaks
B. Creates radioactive dusts in the atmosphere D. Used in alarm systems

12. Which of the following statements best describes the greatest danger on the use
of radiation?

A. The emitted radiation can cause damage to the ozone layer.

B. The emitted radiation can cause cell damage and cancer.
C. The emitted radiation can pass through clothing and cause skin burn.
D. All of the above

7
For Item #13, refer to the FACT on the box below:

Radioactive tracers can be used in medicine to help diagnose problems with, for
example, blood supply, liver and lung function. The patient is injected with an
aqueous solution containing a small amount of the radioisotope (in the case of
lungs, air containing a little radioactive gas). The location and movement of the
tracer can be followed by having the patient stand against a detection screen.

13. Why is an alpha emitting radioisotope NOT suitable as a tracer?

A. alpha radiation produces unwanted side-effects on the patient

B. alpha radiation cannot penetrate the body to reach the detector screen
C. alpha radiation is too penetrating and passes through the detector screen
D. alpha radiation is biologically the most harmful

For item nos. 14-15, refer to the table below:

Organ/Tissue Sensitivity
Gonads 0.25
Breast 0.15
Red bone marrow 0.12
Lungs 0.12
Thyroid gland 0.03
Bone surface 0.03
All other organs 0.30

14. From the table, which organ/tissue is most vulnerable to radiation?

A. Lungs B. gonads C. bone surface D. gland

15. Which of the following statements correctly interprets the effect of the same dose
of radiation to cited organ/tissue?

A. A certain type of ionizing radiation is less likely to cause cancer in lungs than
in thyroid glands.
B. A certain type of ionizing radiation is more likely to cause cancer in thyroid
glands than in lungs.
C. A certain type of ionizing radiation is more likely to cause cancer in the gonads
than in the bone surface.
D. A certain type of ionizing radiation is more likely to cause cancer in the thyroid
gland than in the gonads.

8
 Lesson

1 Radiation Alert

Radiation is a means of transferring energy. It can occur naturally or be man-

made and it has been around us throughout our evolution. Some type of
electromagnetic (EM) radiations pose a certain degree of risk and danger to people
and environment. Some are used in the medical field for diagnosis and treatments.
Our bodies are designed to deal with the low levels we are exposed to every day. Thus,
in this lesson you will learn the effects of EM radiation on living things and the
environment.

What’s In

Before we proceed further, it is important to look back on your past lessons that are
in some way related to this topic on the effects of EM radiation on living things and
the environment.

So are you ready? Let’s begin!

Activity 1 ACROSTIC EM Waves

Do you still remember the different regions of the EM spectrum? Now, try to compose
an acrostic poem (a form of poetry where the first or last letter of each line spell a name,
word, or phrases) out of it.

l Can you state some uses/

applications of EM waves?

____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________

9
 Notes to the Teacher

To accomplish the acrostic poem activity you may ask the

learner to write in a separate sheet of paper or in their notebook if
necessary.

What’s New

The Invisible Radiation

Have you seen this picture somewhere?

Write all your inferences about the picture.

10
 What is It

Radiation

The symbol is called Trefoil and known as an international sign

used to indicate (1) radioactive sources, (2) containers for radioactive materials, and
(3) areas where radioactive materials are stored and used.

The presence of this symbol (a magenta or black propeller on a yellow

background) on a sign denotes the need for caution to avoid contamination with
or undue exposure to atomic radiation.

In the previous lesson, you are familiar with at least some forms of
electromagnetic radiation, and their uses based on different parts of the spectrum
(such as radio and TV signals, microwave and cell phones, infrared remote controls,
visible light, X-rays, etc).

Have you tried placing your hand on top of your desk or table? Does the table
feel cool? The table feels cool because the atoms and molecules in your hand are
vibrating faster than the atoms and molecules in the table. How about when you hold
it? Does it become warmer? This is because the heat from your hand is being
transferred to the table.

Ionization is one of the ways that radiation, such as charged particles and X-
rays, transfers its energy to matter. In general, it occurs whenever sufficiently
energetic charged particles or radiant energy travel through gases, liquids, or solids.
Charged particles, such as alpha particles and electrons from radioactive materials,
cause extensive ionization along their paths.

Radiation is a way of transmitting energy from one place to another. Visible

light is one form of radiation and just part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The
amount of energy carried by radiation determines whether it is harmful or not. High-
energy forms (called ionizing radiation) are especially damaging.

There are two types:

• Non-ionizing radiation, which includes radio waves, cell phones,

microwaves, infrared radiation and visible light
• Ionizing radiation, which includes ultraviolet radiation, radon, x-rays, and
gamma rays

11
 There is a large difference in the magnitude of the biological effects of non-
ionizing radiation (for example, light and microwaves) and ionizing radiation,
emissions energetic enough to knock electrons out of molecules (for example, α and
β particles, γ rays, X-rays, and high-energy ultraviolet radiation).

Figure 1. Non-ionizing & Ionizing EM Radiation

Source: open textbc.ca/chemistry/chapter/21-6-biological-effects-of-radiation
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Energy absorbed from non-ionizing radiation speeds up the movement of

atoms and molecules, which is equivalent to heating the sample. Although biological
systems are sensitive to heat (as we might know from touching a hot stove or
spending a day at the beach in the sun), a large amount of non-ionizing radiation is
necessary before dangerous levels are reached. Ionizing radiation, however, may
cause much more severe damage by breaking bonds or removing electrons in
biological molecules, disrupting their structure and function.

What are the sources of radiation exposure?

Background radiation is all around us all the time. Most of it forms naturally
from minerals. These radioactive minerals are in the ground, soil, water, and even
our bodies. Background radiation can also come from outer space and the sun. Other
sources are man-made, such as x-rays, radiation therapy to treat cancer, and
electrical power lines. There are sources of low-energy radiation that we use daily
(such as microwave ovens and cell phones), but their health risks seem not that great
a concern based on current research.

Biological Effects of Exposure to Radiation

Radiation can harm either the whole body (somatic damage) or eggs and sperm
(genetic damage). Its effects are more pronounced in cells that reproduce rapidly,
such as the stomach lining, hair follicles, bone marrow, and embryos. This is why
patients undergoing radiation therapy often feel nauseous or sick to their stomach,
lose hair, have bone aches, and so on, and why particular care must be taken when
undergoing radiation therapy during pregnancy.

12
 Different types of radiation have differing abilities to pass through material
(Figure 2). A very thin barrier, such as a sheet or two of paper, or the top layer of
skin cells, usually stops alpha particles. Because of this, alpha particle sources are
usually not dangerous if outside the body but are quite hazardous if ingested or
inhaled. Beta particles will pass through a hand, or a thin layer of material like paper
or wood but are stopped by a thin layer of metal. Gamma radiation is very penetrating
and can pass through a thick layer of most materials. Some high-energy gamma
radiation is able to pass through a few feet of concrete. Certain dense, high atomic
number elements (such as lead) can effectively attenuate gamma radiation with
thinner material and are used for shielding. The ability of various kinds of emissions
to cause ionization varies greatly, and some particles have almost no tendency to
produce ionization. Alpha particles have about twice the ionizing power of fast-
moving neutrons, about 10 times that of β particles, and about 20 times that of γ
rays and X-rays.

Figure 2. Penetrating Ability of Different Forms of Radiation

Source: open textbc.ca/chemistry/chapter/21-6-biological-effects-of-radiation
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Effects on living organisms

Radiation carry considerable energy. When travelling through matter, they

transmit their energy to the surrounding atoms and molecules. This transmission
result in excitation, ionization and dissociation of atoms and molecules along the
radiation path. These reactions can damage cells and even break up the nucleus.
Radiation can render cells incapable of division. It can also change the structure of
the DNA molecule, which determines the nature of the cell and thereby of the whole
organisms.
Dividing cells are most susceptible to radiation damage. Pregnant women
should not be exposed to radiations, not even X rays! The growing fetus in mother’s
womb is most vulnerable to radiation damage. The damaged cell will pass on its
newly acquired characteristics from generation to the next mutation.

The damaging effect of radiations on cells and tissues has been put to good
use though. Because radiation can retard or stop the growth of cells, it is being used
in food preservation. Gamma rays destroy microorganisms and insects, including
their eggs, which spoil food. Thus, radiation is used to extend the shelf life of potatoes,
onions, and garlic. It is also used to delay the ripening of fruits like mango and also
to retard or destroy certain types of tumor or cancer.

13
 But radiation, as we stated earlier, also causes mutation. Because it can
change the structure of the DNA molecule, it can cause cancer. On the other hand,
radiation-induced mutation can also bring benefits: high yielding and disease-
resistant strains of rice, corn, beans, mongo, and other agricultural crops and sterile
breeds of rats and other pests.

Measuring radiation exposure

Several different devices are used to detect and measure radiation, including
Geiger counters, scintillation counters (scintillators), and radiation dosimeters.
Probably the best-known radiation instrument, the Geiger counter (also called the
Geiger-Müller counter) detects and measures radiation. Radiation causes the
ionization of the gas in a Geiger-Müller tube. The rate of ionization is proportional to
the amount of radiation.

A scintillation counter contains a scintillator—a material that emits light

(luminesces) when excited by ionizing radiation—and a sensor that converts the light
into an electric signal.

Radiation dosimeters also measure ionizing radiation and are often used to
determine personal radiation exposure. Commonly used types are electronic, film
badge, thermoluminescent, and quartz fiber dosimeters.

Figure 3. Radiation Detectors (a) Geiger Counter, (b) Scintillators,

and (c) Dosimeters
Source: c: Modification of work by “osaMu”/ Wikimedia Commons

14
 What’s More

Activity 2: Understanding EM Radiation

Complete the table below using the information you have learned. The first
one is done for you.
Types of Sources of Use of Radiation Is it Harmful?
Radiation Radiation Yes/No
Why?
Gamma Rays Sun and Detect properties Yes (but blocked
astronomical of the Sun and by Earth’s
objects
other astronomical atmosphere)
objects

What I Have Learned

1. EM radiation are invisible to the eye but detectable through some instruments
such as Geiger counters, scintillation counters (scintillators), and radiation
dosimeters
2. Radiation is a process of emitting energy in the form of particles or waves.
3. Ionizing (high-energy) radiation is particularly dangerous because it can cause
severe damage to humans. In sufficiently high doses, radiation can cause sickness
and death.
4. Most of the high-energy radiation to which humans are exposed comes from
natural sources.
5. Understanding the causes and seriousness of risks can help mankind to reduce
the likelihood of severe problems.

15
 What I Can Do

Activity 3: This is My Point!

Task: You are going to participate in a debate. Express your own thoughts/point of
view. Choose between an affirmative or negative side. Take note with the proposal
and the circumstances/points to consider.

Resolve: Building a Nuclear Power Plant in Davao City is Beneficial for All

Notes to the Teacher

The space provided in this module will not be used by the

learner. Hence, you may ask the learner to write in a separate
sheet of paper or in their notebook.

16
 Assessment

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. Radiation can affect living things. Which of the following uses of radioactivity
DOES NOT rely on this fact?
A. treating skin cancer
B. dating a fossilized bone
C. sterilizing medical equipment
D. producing mutant plant for farmers

2. In radiotherapy, why is gamma radiation used to kill cancer cells?

A. Gamma radiation is easy to produce.

B. Gamma radiation has a strong ionizing power.
C. Gamma radiation has the strongest penetration power.
D. Gamma radiation has the longest wavelength.

3. What would happen to a Tsetse fly ( a blood-sucking fly that can cause
sleeping sickness in humans) when it undergoes irradiation?

A. It dies immediately.
B. It becomes active in producing offspring
C. It will become sterile and unable to produce offspring.
D. It will mutate and becomes bigger.

4. Which of the following statements describe(s) the effect of nuclear radiation

to food industry?

I. Nuclear radiation increases the shelf life of fruits and vegetables.

II. Nuclear radiation decreases the value of the food.
III. Nuclear radiation prevents growth of molds in herbs and spices.

A. I only B. I and III only C. I only D. I, II, and III

5. Which of the following DOES NOT describe the short-term effect of exposure
to large doses of ionizing radiation?

A. Frequent vomiting C. Formation of cancerous tumors

B. Becoming more prone to infection D. Falling blood count

6. Why is carbon-dating an effective tool in determining the age of plant and

animal remains?

A. Plants and animals are such strong emitters of Carbon 14.

B. After a plant or animal dies, it stops taking in fresh carbon-14
C. There is so much non-radioactive carbon dioxide in the air
D. When a plant of an animal dies, it stops producing oxygen.

17
7. How does irradiation help in food preservation?

A. It adds more nutrients to food.

B. It delays natural ripening of fruits.
C. It maintains the natural color of the food.
D. It attracts insects for food ripening.

8. What is the reason why ionizing radiation is harmful to living organisms?

A. It penetrates the cells C. It activates the cells

B. It causes cell degeneration D. It causes ionization within the cells

9. What happens to a living organism when its genetic makeup has been
altered?

A. It will adapt to changes C. It will disappear

B. It will mutate D. It will heal

10. Which of the following can be attributed to the ionization of living tissue?

A. Cells warm up C. All molecules explode

B. Random cell movements D. The cells break apart

11. Which of the following DOES NOT show benefits of radioisotopes in the
environment?
A. Analyzing and detecting pollutants C. Determining leaks
B. Creates radioactive dusts in the atmosphere D. Used in alarm systems

12. Which of the following statements best describes the greatest danger on the
use of radiation?

A. The emitted radiation can cause damage to the ozone layer.

B. The emitted radiation can cause cell damage and cancer.
C. The emitted radiation can pass through clothing and cause skin burn.
D. All of the above.

For Item #13, refer to the FACT on the box below:

Radioactive tracers can be used in medicine to help diagnose problems with, for
example, blood supply, liver and lung function. The patient is injected with an
aqueous solution containing a small amount of the radioisotope (in the case of
lungs, air containing a little radioactive gas). The location and movement of the
tracer can be followed by having the patient stand against a detection screen.

13. Why is an alpha emitting radioisotope NOT suitable as a tracer?

A. alpha radiation produces unwanted side-effects on the patient

B. alpha radiation cannot penetrate the body to reach the detector screen
C. alpha radiation is too penetrating and passes through the detector screen
D. alpha radiation is biologically the most harmful

18
For item nos. 14-15, refer to the table below:
Organ/Tissue Sensitivity
Gonads 0.25
Breast 0.15
Red bone marrow 0.12
Lungs 0.12
Thyroid gland 0.03
Bone surface 0.03
All other organs 0.30

14. From the table, which organ/tissue is most vulnerable to radiation?

A. lungs B. gonads C. bone surface D. gland

15. Which of the following statements correctly interprets the effect of the same
dose of radiation to cited organ/tissue?

A. A certain type of ionizing radiation is less likely to cause cancer in lungs

than in thyroid glands.
B. A certain type of ionizing radiation is more likely to cause cancer in
thyroid glands than in lungs.
C. A certain type of ionizing radiation is more likely to cause cancer in the
gonads than in the bone surface.
D. A certain type of ionizing radiation is more likely to cause cancer in the
thyroid gland than in the gonads.

19
 Additional Activities

This time, my dear learner, let us apply what you have learned into real life
situations. This will be done for you to appreciate the lesson as it finds relevance in
our existence here on earth.
Okay! Let’s start!

Knock it Out! Tell me Why?

Read each statement below about the uses of radiation. Mark if the statement is
harmful and if it is beneficial and give a short explanation of your answer.

Example: __________Gamma rays are used to food irradiation to eliminate bacteria.

This is beneficial because the process food will not become radioactive.

_________ 1. Radio waves are used to send radio & TV signals to receivers.

_________ 2.X-rays are used in imaging and cancer treatments.

_________ 3. Infrared lights such as in remote controls are used to Operate

machines from a distance.

_________ 4. Ultraviolet black lights are used in entertainment lighting, detect

chemical "markers" on money and manufactured products.

_________ 5. The microwaves used in many microwave appliances used to cook or

heat food.

Let’s Get to Know!

20
 Answer Key

Activity 1: Acrostic EM Waves

Answers may vary.

Activity 2: What’s my length?

Gamma Rays Sun and Detect properties of Yes (but blocked

astronomical the Sun and by Earth’s
objects
other astronomical atmosphere)
objects

Decay of radioactive Food irradiation to No (food does not

elements eliminate bacteria become
radioactive)

Medical and X-ray imaging and Yes ( radiation

X- Rays industrial x-ray cancer treatments must be carefully
equipment controlled and
directed to avoid
damaging healthy
tissues.
Food irradiation to No ( food does not
eliminate bacteria become
radioactive)
Sun and Detect properties of Yes ( but blocked
astronomical the Sun and other by Earth’s
objects astronomical objects atmosphere
Ultraviolet Black lights Entertainment Not in typical
lighting, detect amounts
chemical “markers”
on money and
manufactured
products
Sun and Detect properties of In large amounts
astronomical the Sun and other from the Sun (skin
objects astronomical objects cancer)
Visible Light Light Bulbs See objects Usually not, but
severe eye damage
if too intense
Sun and Detect properties of Usually not, but
astronomical the Sun and other severe eye damage
objects astronomical objects if too intense

21
 Infrared Light Sun and Detect properties of No
astronomical the Sun and other
objects astronomical objects
All warm objects Use heat to detect No
objects
Remote controls Operate Machines No
from a distance
Microwaves Microwave Cook and heat foodNot in a typical
appliances amounts if
operating normally
Radio Waves Radio and TV Send radio and TV No
transmitters signals to receivers
Cell phones Telecommunications Not certain
Sun and Detect properties of No
astronomical the Sun and other
objects astronomical objects

C 15. 10. D 5. C
Activity 3: This is My Point! B 14. 9. B 4. B
Answers may vary. B 13. 8. D 3. C
B 12. 7. B 2. C
D 11. 6. B 1. C
A. Multiple Choice
Assessment

22
 Rubrics:
Essay/Debate Point of View

Feature 5 points 4 points 3 points 2 points

Factual Used many Used some Used few facts Did not present
Information facts to support facts to to support facts to support
all arguments support all arguments arguments
arguments
Comprehension Demonstrated Demonstrated Demonstrated Demonstrated
thorough accurate minimal misunderstanding
understanding understanding understanding of the information
of information of important of information
information
Persuasiveness All arguments Most Some Few arguments
were logical and arguments arguments were logical and
convincing were logical were logical convincing
and convincing and convincing
Grammar, usage, Virtually no Few spelling A number of So many spelling,
and mechanics spelling, and spelling, punctuations,
punctuation or punctuations punctuations grammatical errors
grammatical errors, minor or grammatical that it interferes the
errors. grammatical errors. meaning.
errors.
Total Points

23
References

Source: “Marie Curie Biography”,A&E Television Networks, accessed May 24, 2020,
www.biography.com/scientist/marie-curie

Source: “Marie Curie Physicist & Chemist,France”,Atomic Heritage Foundation,

accessed May 24, 2020,www.atomicheritage.org/profile/marie-curie

Source: “Radiation Exposure”, MedlinePlus, last modified April 27,

2020,https://medlineplus.gov/radiationexposure.html

Source: “Dangers of Radiation Exposure”, Science NetLinks, accessed May 22,

2020,http://sciencenetlinks.com/lessons/dangers-of-radiation-
exposure/

Source: “Ionization”, Encyclopaedia Britannica, accessed June 20, 2020,

http://www.britannica.com/ionization

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Source: “Biological Effects of Radiation” accessed July 29, 2020,

https://opentextbc.ca/chemistry/chapter/21-6-biological-effects-of-
radiation/

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