Literature review

1) "Development of the Testing Automation System for verifying interoperability of Digital

Substation" by Yu-Yeong and Kim, Seok-Kon and Jang.
This paper describes development of the testing automation system for verifying
interoperability of digital substation. The testing automation system is a system that can verify
compatibility problems occurring in the field and automatically perform the test process.

2) "A novel approach for modeling and maintenance of power system substation
automation" by Mohammad Hosein and Keramat.
This article describes a novel approach that is introduced recently in different refrences to
maintenance of Automation System substation (ASS). And some of the challenges associated
with maintenance and repair such as Modeling the substation's cyber phisycal information,
presenting substation component information in a panoramic model, analyzing the health state
of substation components, and visualizing security needs and ways to solve it.

3) "Ad Hoc Based Secure Architecture for Survivable and Reliable Substation Automation
System" by I. Ali and M. S. Thomas.
This paper presents an ad hoc based secure architecture for survivable and reliable substation
automation system (SAS). SAS networks are vulnerable to security attacks by malicious nodes.
To combat this, a new wireless routing protocol has been proposed that focuses on identifying
and countering such attacks while maintaining security. Additionally, existing routing protocols
have been scrutinized for their vulnerabilities in this regard and improvements have been
made.

4) "Importance measures based risk and reliability analysis of substation automation

systems" by G. L. Pahuja and J. S. Lather.
This paper examines three different architectures of substation automation systems. In
designing a Substation Automation System (SAS), the considerations of risk and reliability are
of utmost importance. Ranking components based on their impact on the reliable
performance of the system is essential, and reliability importance measures are an imperative
tool for achieving this.

5) "Development in Substation Automation Systems" by R. Kirkman.

This paper describes, by reflecting back on substation automation history, today's
developments and how users could utilise them in their substation automation systems (SAS).
The rapid pacel of technological development shows no sign of slowing. Technological
development has had and is still having a big impact on substation automation systems (SAS).
6) "Intelligent Substation Automation Systems for robust operation of smart grids" by
H. Zeynal, M. Eidiani and D. Yazdanpanah.
This article describes, the Substation Automation Systems (SAS) provide reliable bedrock for
future smart grid development in electric utilities. As a result, it can immensely reinforce the
reliability index of smart grid systems. Findings can pave the future smart grid development in
an effective manner.

7) "Application of Iec61850 in substation automation system" by F. Qingdong and Feng Siyao.

This paper introduces substation system architecture based on IEC61850 and application
scheme of virtual server used in IEC61850 system; The key technologies such as IEC61850
conformance testing, technical characteristics of training system, KEMA UniCA 61850 protocol
analysis tool, IEC61850 key technology, such as MMS communication protocol to with
independent property rights, are introduced. Finally demonstration project of substation
automation system(SAS) conformed with IEC61850 is introduced and suggestions for
interoperability and conformance testing are proposed.

8) "A possible evolution of substation automation systems for the management of the
distributed generation" by M. Petrini et al.
The paper describes a new project, starting this year, whose base idea is the evolution of the
digital substation automation systems, that should perform new local dispatching functions, in
cooperation with the grid central control systems. The penetration of the distributed
generation, connected both on transmission and on distribution network, can strongly affect
the stability and security of the national electrical power system, causing energy flow inversion,
grid congestions and voltage instability.

9) "DRBAC based access control method in" substation automation system"By: Baoyi Wang.
This paper describe Role-based access control (RBAC) policy separates user and privilege
logically by importing the concept of role, which can simplify the management of privilege in
electric power enterprise. As the development and sustaining change of electric power system,
unattended substations become the new developing direction. Unattended substation
automation system will realize centralized management and remote control, so the use of RBAC
access control method will aggravate the burden of the access control server.
10) " Experimental evaluation of synchronization " solutions for substation automation
systems"". By: Oana Chenaru .
This paper describe the automation systems in power substation start to rely on networks
thanks to the introduction of the IEC 61850 standard. Besides, it generates a general interest on
synchronization also in the field of substation automation systems. On the other hand, the
synchronization performance are slightly worse: the maximum time difference among clocks of
the system is about 80 ns for IEEE1588 with respect to 15 ns of typical IRIG-B-based system

Gap:
Despite the significant progress in substation automation systems, there is still a lack of research
on the impact of SAS on power quality. Although SAS is designed to improve the monitoring
and control of power systems, there is a need for research on how SAS implementation affects
power quality. Specifically, there is a need to investigate the impact of SAS on voltage stability,
frequency stability, and harmonic distortion. This research can help identify potential issues and
develop strategies to mitigate any negative impact on power quality. Additionally, there is a need
to explore the integration of renewable energy sources with SAS and how this integration affects
power quality. Overall, investigating the impact of SAS on power quality is an important area of
research that can help improve the overall performance and reliability of power systems.