TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY (MEIKTILA)

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL POWER ENGINEERING

SHORT CIRCUIT ANALYSIS AND SIMULATION

WITH ETAP

BY
MG AUNG MYINT MYAT
VI EP- I

GRADUATION THESIS
PROPOSAL
TITLE
Short Circuit Analysis and Simulation with Etap

Introduction
Short-circuit analysis is carried out in electrical power utility systems, industrial
power systems, commercial power systems and power station auxiliary systems. Short-circuit
fault analysis is carried out to ensure the safety of workers as well as the general public.
Short-circuit current calculations are made at the system design stage to determine the short-
circuit ratings of new switchgear and substation infrastructure equipment to be procured and
installed. Faults are responsible for balanced and unbalanced conditions in power system.
Normal power flow may be interrupted, and possibly destructive currents may flow. To
design and monitor a system protection scheme, it is necessary to analyze a power system
operating under balanced and unbalanced conditions. The occurrences of different kinds of
faults in power system are three phase faults, double line to ground fault, line to line fault and
single line to ground faults. In a modern large interconnected power system, heavy currents
flowing during a fault must be interrupted much before the steady state conditions are
established. For selecting a circuit breaker, it is required to determine the initial current that
flows on occurrence of a short circuit and also the current in the transient that flows at the
time of circuit interruption. This thesis deals with a simulation of various types of short
circuit faults in electric power system by using Etap software.

Aim and Objectives

 To develop a computer aided fault analysis for solving fundamental power system
problems and calculations.
 To study the background theory and calculation process of short circuit analysis
 To simulate the various types of faults in power system by Etap
 To report changes of system parameters depending on types of faults

Implementation Programs
In this thesis, different types of short circuit fault from THAPYAY-WONZIN
transmission system are analyzed and some of the implementation processes are;
 To calculate fault currents and voltages for the determination of circuit breaker
capacity and protective relay
  Collecting required data for short circuit calculation process
 Modelling the single line diagram of THAPYAYWA-WONZIN transmission system
in ETAP
 Testing and simulating various types of short circuit fault for that system

Literature Review
According to Amine Zeggai et al. (2019), electric utilitieshave grown up to meet
load needs as they have expanded day by day. The load flow shows bus and branch
voltages, active and reactive power, and losses in transformers, conductors, cables, and
the entire substation. In a power system, short circuit studies are particularly important for
appropriately sizing devices so that they can manage short circuit currents.
Electrical power transmission and distribution systems, according to Noman Ullah et al.
(2018), have high voltages and current ratings and cannot be tested using hit-and-miss
procedures. The easiest and most efficient way to solve this problem is to first mimic the
power system using contemporary software.
A power flow analysis, according to Muhammad Absar Uddin et al. (2022), is used to
get complete voltage angle and magnitude information for each bus in a power system under
defined load and generator real power and voltage conditions. Real and reactive power flow
on each branch, as well as generator reactive power output, can be calculated
analytically once this information is available. Because of the nonlinear character of this
problem, numerical approaches are used to obtain a solution within a reasonable tolerance by
simulating the real bus system in ETAP.
ETAP is the most comprehensive analysis platform for the design, simulation,
operation and automation of generation, distribution, and industrial power system. ETAP is
developed under an established quality assurance program and is use worldwide as high
impact software. ETAP is the Simulink software where we can draw, configure and analysis a
system. In ETAP, various forms of electrical simulation and modelling system can be
performed nd some of them are load flow analysis, short circuit analysis, transient analysis,
harmonic analysis and reliability analysis.

Expect outcome
In this thesis, balanced and unbalanced faults of proposed system are studied by
developing single line diagram with related parameters in ETAP software. From this
simulation, fault currents and voltages can be used for selecting circuit breaker capacity and
proper protective devices.