COURSE CODE: EDU213

LECTURER INCHARGE: (Dr. Bello)

Course Title: Teaching Methodology

-Pedagogy
Pedagogy is the art of teaching and learning.

Pedagogy as the science, technology, and arts of basic science basic concept of teaching. In
this chapter, we shall consider the question of whether pedagogy technology or an act of
teaching. At the end of the chapter, you should be cable to:
1) Highlights the selencefifie fates of pedagogy.
2) Explain the technological aspects of pedagogy,
3) State the artistic dimensions of pedagogy.
4) Give Comprehensive definition of podagogy. a What is Science?

WHAT IS SCIENCE?
Science is a Systematic study of anything that Can be examined, and tested and verified. The
word has it Origin in Latin word "SCIRE"" which means "to know" from the above definition of
science we can, infer that the charactastes features of a saintific study include the

Following among others:

(1) It is systematic : Meaning that is it can not be done hap hazardly
2) it is examinable or observable.
3) It is; testable or verifiable.
4) it is replicable (repeate).

Moreover, the scientific mathod is based. on repeated experiments, dater Collection and
analysis as well as hypotesie formulated, some basic branches of science are: as

1 Mathematic sciences
2 Physical Sciences : Re.g (physis, Chomistory)
3 Earth Sciences. Which Inchide ( Geograph, Geology)
4 Life Scaces which include (Biology, Ecology)
5 Medical Sciences which include (Cardiology)
6 Social Sciences which include (social)

What is Technology?
"The term technology Can be brace beck to two Latin Wads, "TEKHNE" which maane which a
craft of an art and "LOGIA" means an area of study.
The two means the study of ability to Create something i.e a Study of creativity.
Literally, therefore technology translate into the Study or the science of Crafting.

What is act ?
Art Sygnifies a Creature human! product. Art has to do with mampulations. e.g manipulation of
light in photography, manipulation of language, Scurture, etc.

Is pedagogy Science, is it technology or is it an art?

Pedagogy as we all know, is simply the art of teaching ever definations of One of the most
recent pedagogy the de. It In the light of study of troching states that "it is this we want to
believe that pedagogy is a Science, art and as well as technology.

Teaching as a Components of instructions

Teaching is more broader than Instruction.
Is all excopassing.

What is Teaching?
Teaching as being define by several Scholars and authors: a Scholar defines it as Impacting of
Knowledge bo another and the guilding of someone: by behave in a particular way.

Similarly, another Scholar defines teaching as an activity aimed at the achievement of learning
and practised in such a manner as to rapect the student intellectual integrity and
Capacity/Capability. This therefore implies that the essence of teaching Stimulation, the
definition of teaching may further be elaborated a activity aimed at bringing about meaningful
learning through a method that is morally and pedagogically alleptable because tevetry Concolul
a feacher, What a learner, a content presented is the form of knowledge facts, information,
Stille, actitudes, believes behels and dalibrate intention on the part of the tracker bu achieve
learning and on the part of the learners to learning.

Finally, the process of teaching involves a method that achmwledges the learners' Cognitive
Integrity and freedom of Choice (Teaching is a process that entails a particular method).
Teaching can not be said to take place withinout a method being used.

What is instruction?
Ordinarily, Instruction is the act of telling the trainee or learner what to and what not to do.
Technically. It is the act of building into the mind and soul of the learner, the Skills, Kowledge,
facts, principls and values of one kind or the order.?

3Domain of Learning
1) Cogniture Mind
2) Affecture How do you receive it
3) Psychomoto- practical

Charaterites or feature of Instruction and Teaching?

Instruction essentially different From Teaching!
1) Instruction could be mediated by programmed material, Computer feaching, maching, radio,
television, Videotape, texbook and other costructional aids. However, a human agent, a toocher,
is the planer, Implementor and evaluator behind modutek and programmed tostructions.

2) It has also been argued that the opinion of replating of replacing with instructional materials,
facilities and a teache her resources, is out possible in the process of beaching.

Factors of effective Learning :

1) Learning Characteristics
2) Emotions and Leaening
3) individual difference
4) Learning styles

Strategies for effectue leasing

1) Adequate preparation
2) set the right learning
3) set Learning objective
4) Set Cround rulo
5) use Integrated Teaching exentages.
6) Chunk Learning

Inter-Relationemp Among Aims, Goals and Objectives in Education.

Aims
Goals
Objectives

Goals
Goals: Anything that is very straight that goes according to what you an want is goat. Aim is
very broad. Goal is straight forward and relates general specific aspect of the Curri- Culum.
Goals are statements of education and intention which is more specific than aims.

Goal is the end toward which an effect is directed.

Objectives
Objectives are Jeftin defined as contract Shared with learners that descripe what they will be
able to do and the end of the lesson Zactivity. They are declared and specific statement which
the students should be able to do or perform. the end of the perform at the programme or lesson
activity.

Objecture are usually specific (precise statement The objectne Saya, you at the want to beame
end of Obreeder are usually specific presise statements ひ a of educational Intention which
describe cittor genel or Specific outcomes. Objectway to out Include the word "know" or
"understand". They do Include achve Verbs such as: State,
explain, outline, list, mestion, etc. Objecter they are Statements of what the teacher Want the
learners to do. Three Domaine!

Cognitive Domain - Wind Chrand Affecture Domain - How do you reflect it psyeha-mata Domain
- How do you practising it

The differentes between Aim, goals and objectives:

GOAL
Broad Statements
General Intentions
Intangible
Concrete
Generally hard to measure

OBJECTIVE
Specific
Precise
Tangible
Concrete
Measurable

Instructional objectives
An objective is a description of or statement of the Intended learning outcome afor are expected
of leaners at the end of la programme or performance that a Cause lapte, Interaction with
teching-learning activitives and resources classmom situations.
Usually, there that are Sets are two types of abjectures by the teacher in the classroom
Situation and they are:
(1) Instructional objectives and
(2) Behaviancial objectives.

Behaviourial objective have some attributes

1. Specifity
2. Measurability
3. Being achievable (achievability)
4. Being realistic
5. Being sharks time bound bound
6. Condition or performance Betramencal object ver statement must include the condition that
will enable the learners to be able to perform their Intended tasks. Hence, the use of the phrose
at the end of the lessen the students should be able shoo to:
1) Define whatever topic you have (verbs)
2) Underline Verbs in
3) Identify Verbs in speecher
4) Construct sentences with the use of works. Correctly.

Purposes or Values of Behaviourial objective

1) It gives the teacher directive
2) It serves as a guild for the teacher Instructional guide
3) It also allow the listeners to focused

4) It Creates Self evaluation of on themselves.

CONCEPTS, PRINCIPLES AND FORMATS Of LESSON PLANNING

The defination of a the mind of perspection Tessor plan veries n educators, according to an
individual.
Rajeckas (1999) defines the lesson plan as a description of methartically A lesson plan is as
Luseful book that base lesson. extremely importantly Servel a combination guild guide resource
and hustorical decimate that reflects the teaching philosophy.

Lesson plan Setting out bow u a systematic way lesson to delover your to the Teamers putting
somethinge into the topic, the Subject, the class, the population, historical background of the
learners and the objectives.

Objectives for shidaste barning will help the teacher to determine the kinds of food teaching and
learning, achuter that takes place is the des. However, there's Kind und Circek movement for
every note of whee well planes reflects that the Instructer should think of what I want my
students learners to Learn

Formals for planning lesson emphases on tabular format:

They are varities of you prepare a lesson plan how every most template Share certain
Charactenitics. Some Teacher prefer one lesson plan format while Others prefer something
else. The lesson may differ but all the elements, features, or Characteristice are the same.
In this module emphasie is placed on the tabular format for the lesson plan.

Essential features of Should Include or Should have:

1)Name of the Schol
2)Name of the teacher good
3)The subject
4)The topic
5)Sub-topic (where applicable)
6)The Date
7)Duration of the class
8)Class
9)Students gender
10)Average age of the pupils/students
11)Behavioural objectures!
12)Previous Knowledge (entry behavner)
14)Instructional materials.
15)Refrences
16)Set Induction (a) Review of previous knowledge (b) Introduction of the new lesson

17)Development of the lesson in seguretal order showny the teacher's activities and leamer's
activities.
18) Evaluation with Summary of students' responces on the board
19) Assignment Ctake home)
20) Teacher's self evaluation

Discipline in the classroom:

Neapline in the class Decipline 18 a kind of self est restrans to make wherefer wherever you
you find yousuf. for any leature to be successfully Seliever deseipline is requires for a class
room to successhilly receuse adequate knowledge from the teacher lecturer their must be
discipline..

Factors that aid discipline:

1) The home background of every individend
2) Your Intention for Coming to the school.
3) Societal Issue
4) what is the need of the society
5) Pear group Influence
6) The teacher: The teacher is supposed to be a role model.

factors for effective discipline in the classroom

1) The koeler if fle footer a decuplet hela will not tolerate indienphune in the class
2) Teaching method:
3) Constants involvement: Involve the students. In the lesson.
4) Supervision: The teacher needs to supervise a lot at things.
5) Good physical environments assist in discipline
6) Judicious use of purnishment and reward.