Functional Design Spec Cameron Scanner 2000 MVT - Rev 1

.
DOC. No.
DOC. TITLE: Functional Design Specification

Cameron Scanner 2000 Multi Variable
Transmitter (MVT) – Flow Algorithms
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1 17/10/08 ISSUED TO VENDOR Steve Emmerson David Geach

0 04/09/08 INITIAL ISSUE – ISSUED FOR COMMENT Steve Emmerson David Geach
REV DATE DESCRIPTION AUTHOR RESPONSIBLE ACCOUNTABLE
REVISIONS CONOCOPHILLIPS APPROVAL
Title Functional Design Specification CUKL-PRN-XXX
Cameron Scanner 2000 MVT- Flow Algorithms Page 2 of 28
CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................................................4
1.1 Scope ........................................................................................................................................................................ 4
2.0 SCANNER 2000 MVT FUNCTIONALITY............................................................................5

2.1 Notation .................................................................................................................................................................... 6
2.2 Differential Pressure ................................................................................................................................................. 6
2.3 Static Pressure .......................................................................................................................................................... 7
2.4 Temperature.............................................................................................................................................................. 7
2.5 Gas Composition ...................................................................................................................................................... 7
2.6 Gas Composition Dependent Variables .................................................................................................................... 7
2.7 Meter Run Density.................................................................................................................................................... 8
2.8 Meter Run Calorific Value ....................................................................................................................................... 8
2.9 Gas Flow Rates......................................................................................................................................................... 8
2.10 Gas Totals................................................................................................................................................................. 8
2.10.1 Non-resettable Totals ....................................................................................................................................... 9
2.10.2 Period Totals .................................................................................................................................................... 9
2.11 Data Storage ........................................................................................................................................................... 11
2.12 Security................................................................................................................................................................... 11
2.13 Maintenance Mode ................................................................................................................................................. 11
2.14 Alarms .................................................................................................................................................................... 11
2.15 Turbine Meter Functionality................................................................................................................................... 12
2.16 Units ....................................................................................................................................................................... 12
3.0 FLOW CALCULATIONS ......................................................................................................13

3.1 Nomenclature ......................................................................................................................................................... 13
3.2 ISO5167(2003) Calculations .................................................................................................................................. 13
3.2.1 Mass Flowrate (kg/s) ......................................................................................................................................... 13
3.2.2 Temperature Correction to Pipe Diameter ......................................................................................................... 14
3.2.3 Temperature Correction to Orifice Diameter ..................................................................................................... 14
3.2.4 Beta ratio at Line Conditions ............................................................................................................................. 15
3.2.5 Absolute Pressure .............................................................................................................................................. 15
3.2.6 Absolute Temperature........................................................................................................................................ 16
3.2.7 Expansion Factor ............................................................................................................................................... 16
3.2.8 Velocity of Approach Factor ............................................................................................................................. 16
3.2.9 Reynolds Number .............................................................................................................................................. 17
3.2.10 Discharge Coefficient..................................................................................................................................... 17
3.2.11 Pressure Loss.................................................................................................................................................. 18
3.2.12 Temperature at Upstream Pressure Tapping................................................................................................... 18
3.2.13 Fully Recovered Downstream Pressure.......................................................................................................... 19
3.2.14 Static Pressure at Downstream Tapping......................................................................................................... 19
3.3 AGA 8 Calculations................................................................................................................................................ 19
3.3.1 Calculated Meter Density – AGA8 (kg/m3)....................................................................................................... 19
3.4 ISO 6976 Calculations............................................................................................................................................ 20
3.4.1 ISO 6976 Data Table ......................................................................................................................................... 20
3.4.2 Calorific Value................................................................................................................................................... 21
3.4.3 Standard Compression Factor ............................................................................................................................ 21
3.4.4 Standard Density................................................................................................................................................ 21
3.5 Flow Rate Calculations........................................................................................................................................... 22
3.5.1 Mass Flowrate (t/hr)........................................................................................................................................... 22
3.5.2 Actual (Gross) Volume Flowrate (m3/hr) .......................................................................................................... 22
3.5.3 Standard Volume Flowrate (ksm3/hr) ................................................................................................................ 23
3.5.4 Energy Flowrate (GJ/hr) .................................................................................................................................... 23
3.6 Totalisation Calculations ........................................................................................................................................ 23
3.6.1 Mass Total Increment (t).................................................................................................................................... 23
3.6.2 Actual (Gross) Volume Increment (m3)............................................................................................................. 23
Procedure No.: CUKL-PRN-XXX Rev. 1
3.6.3 Standard Volume Increment (ksm3)................................................................................................................... 24

3.6.4 Energy Increment (GJ)...................................................................................................................................... 24
3.6.5 Non-Resetable Totals......................................................................................................................................... 24
3.6.6 Period Totals (Current to Full Resolution and Current to 1DP)......................................................................... 24
4.0 SCANNER 2000 MVT MODBUS INPUTS & OUTPUTS ..................................................25

4.1 Process Variables – Data to be Uploaded Automatically to the Scanner 2000 MVT............................................. 25
4.2 Scanner 2000 MVT Values – Data to be Downloaded Automatically from the Scanner 2000 MVT .................... 26
4.3 Scanner 2000 MVT Alarm Status – Data to be downloaded Automatically from the Scanner 2000 MVT ........... 28
4.4 Scanner 2000 MVT System Time – Data to be Downloaded Automatically from the Scanner 2000 MVT .......... 28

1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Scope
This document details the requirements that shall be adhered to for the Cameron Scanner 2000
MVT relating to upgrade of existing LOGGS Gas metering Systems.
This design specification does not cover the supervisory flow computer. This specification and
how it handles the Scanner 2000 MVT data will be subject to a separate specification.

2.0 SCANNER 2000 MVT FUNCTIONALITY

The Scanner 2000 MVT shall have the following functions.
Supervisory
Flow Computer
MVT TE
On-Line Gas
Chromatograph Meter Run 1 TW
Orifice Plates
AE
MVT TE
Metering
System 1 Meter Run 2 TW
MVT TE
On-Line Gas
Chromatograph Meter Run 1 TW
AE
MVT TE
Metering
System 2 Meter Run 2 TW
Figure 1. Orifice Plate Meters Showing Instrument Interfaces
• The Scanner MVT 2000 shall measure the gas meter run differential pressure, static
pressure, using is in built sensors. Temperature is measured using a RTD installed in a
separate thermowell. The MVT interfaces to the RTD to provide a temperature input to
the device.
• Gas composition will be determined using an on-line gas chromatograph. The derived
gas composition shall be downloaded to the Scanner MVT 2000 via a supervisory flow
computer.
• Down load all operator configuration data from a supervisory flow computer.

• The Scanner 2000 MVT shall compute gas flow rate in units of mass, standard volume
and energy.
• The Scanner 2000 MVT shall compute gas throughput on a total non-resettable basis
and a daily 24:00 hour basis.
• Upload of metering data, including intermediate flow calculations, flow rates, totals, etc.,
to a supervisory flow computer.
2.1 Notation
1 2 3
Flow
Orifice Plate Permanent

pressure loss
STATIC
PRESSURE
ΔP
Temperature reduction due

to Joule-Thomson effect
across the orifice plate
TEMPERATURE
1 – Upstream pressure tapping, P1

2 – Downstream pressure tapping, P2
3 – Recovered pressure location, P3
Figure 2. Orifice Plate Reference Points
2.2 Differential Pressure

The differential pressure shall be measured across the orifice plate, (P1 and P2 tappings), using
the differential pressure measurement facility of the Scanner 2000 MVT.
It shall be possible to set a fixed (keypad) differential pressure via the supervisory flow computer
if the need arises.
The differential pressure reading and display will be in mbar.

2.3 Static Pressure

The static pressure shall be measured at the orifice plate upstream tapping, (P1 tapping), using
the static pressure measurement facility of the Scanner 2000 MVT.
It shall be possible to set a fixed (keypad) static pressure via the supervisory flow computer if the
need arises.
The static pressure reading and display will be in bar gauge.
2.4 Temperature
Measure the temperature using a RTD element installed in a thermowell installed at the
downstream side of the orifice plate at the recovered pressure location (P3). This shall be
connected to the temperature measurement facility of the Scanner 2000 MVT.
It shall be possible to set a fixed (keypad) temperature via the supervisory flow computer if the
need arises. This shall correspond to the temperature at the recovered pressure location of the
meter run.
The Scanner 2000 MVT shall correct the downstream measured temperature to upstream
temperature conditions.
The temperature reading and display will be in °C.
2.5 Gas Composition

The Scanner 2000 MVT shall accept a downloaded normalised gas composition from a gas
chromatograph. The gas chromat shall provide gas composition in %mole for gas compositions
N2, CO2, C1, C2, C3, iC4, nC4, iC5, nC5, neoC5, iC6, nC6, neoC6, C7, C8, C9, C10 and H2O (water
vapour). Connection to the gas chromat will be via the supervisory flow computer link.
The gas composition reading and display will be in %mole.
2.6 Gas Composition Dependent Variables
Gas composition dependent variables such as Isentropic Exponent, ( k ), and Gas Dynamic
Viscosity, (μ), will be calculated in the supervisory flow computer and will be downloaded to the
Scanner 2000 MVT via the modbus link along with the gas composition. Note that standard
density shall be calculated, although also being a gas composition dependent variable, shall be
calculated within the Scanner 200 MVT, see section 2.7 below.

2.7 Meter Run Density

Meter run density transducers will NOT be used.
Meter run gas density and compressibility, both at standard and meter run temperature (T1) and
pressure (P1) conditions, shall be calculated in the Scanner 2000 MVT using the gas composition
mixture (defined in section 2.5 above).
Calculations shall comply with the following standards:
• AGA8:1994 standard calculations – for gas density and compressibility at upstream

tapping meter run temperature (T1) and pressure (P1) conditions.
• ISO6976:1995 standard calculations – for gas standard density and standard
compressibility. Standard conditions are defined as 273.15°C and 1.01325 bara.
2.8 Meter Run Calorific Value

Meter run calorimeters will NOT be used.
Calorific value shall be calculated on a mass basis at Superior 15°C conditions, using
ISO6976:1995 standard calculations, using the gas composition mixture described in section 2.5
above.
2.9 Gas Flow Rates

Instantaneous gas flow rates shall be determined for mass, gross and standard volume and
energy. These shall be calculated as given in section 3.0. The primary measurement for an
orifice plate system is mass flow rate. Gross and standard volume and energy flow rate shall be
derived from the mass flow rate using meter run density, standard density and mass based
calorific value.
2.10 Gas Totals

Again, the primary measurement for an orifice plate system is mass flow rate. This is to be
integrated over time to form the cumulative mass total. Gross and standard volume and energy
increments shall be derived from the mass increment using the instantaneous values of
upstream density, standard density and calorific value. These increments are likewise added to
the relevant gross, standard volume and energy totals.

2.10.1 Non-resettable Totals
The device shall have non-resettable totals for mass, gross volume, standard volume and
energy. These shall be retained in triplicate. It shall not be possible to re-set these totals, even
during external power or internal battery failure.
The triplicate non-resettable totals shall be monitored within the Scanner 2000 MVT for
corruption or differences. Any differences between totals in each triplicate set shall cause a
totaliser failure alarm to be generated.
The non-resettable totalisers shall have sufficient capacity that the counter “roll-over” occurs
infrequently, and less than on a 6-monthly basis (with a typical 12 inch meter run and differential
pressure of 500 mbar).
2.10.2 Period Totals
The flow computer should also maintain separate current and previous period totals for mass,
gross volume, standard volume and energy.
The current day shall be set as 06:00 to 06:00 hours.
Two sets of Current and Previous Day totals shall be calculated. One set shall be to the full
resolution of the Scanner 2000 MVT. The second set shall be calculated to 1 decimal place, i.e.,
XXX.X. The reasoning behind this is that for totalisation tests full resolution is required.
However, the supervisory flow computer will require totals to 1 decimal place, as this is the gas
production reporting system requirement.
2.10.2.1 Current Day and Previous Day Totals to Full Resolution

The current day total shall be the calculated gas throughput from the start of the day (06:00). At
the end of the day period (06:00 the following day), the current day total shall be transferred to
the previous day totaliser. At the same time the current day totals shall be reset to zero. The
current day total shall then increment until the end of the 06:00 to 06:00 period, where the final
total shall be transferred to the previous day totaliser; over writing the previous figures.
The following example shows the transfer of totals over a five day period; the values shown are
those recorded just after the relevant base times.

Non-Resettable Current Day Current Day Previous Day

Day
Totaliser Reading Increment (Full Resolution) (Full Resolution)
0 10.01265
1 260.46734 250.45469 250.45469 0.00000
2 562.11566 301.34832 301.34832 250.45469
3 791.74295 229.62730 229.62730 301.34832
4 1077.34084 285.59789 285.59789 229.62730
5 1317.34060 239.99976 239.99976 285.59789
2.10.2.2 Current Day and Previous Day Totals to 1 Decimal Place

It is important that the procedure for calculating current day and previous day production figures
to 1 decimal place is carried out correctly to prevent any long term bias between the reported
figures to full the resolution and that reported to 1 decimal place. Simply rounding the figures to
1 decimal place could cause significant errors over a period of time. Instead the figures need to
be TRUNCATED to 1 decimal and the “removed” part of the value added to the next days
production. In this way the removed part is never lost but always accounted for the production
figure, be in the next days figures.
The calculation procedure should performed in the following way.
• The current days figures shall be truncated to 1 decimal place.
• The “removed” part of the number (the bit to the right of the 1st decimal place) should be
added to the next current days figure.
• This figure should then be truncated again.
See worked example below

Current Day “Removed”
Current day Current Day Previous
Day (Full Portion
increment (1DP) Day (1DP)
Resolution_
1 250.45469 250.45469 250.40000 0.05469 0.00000
=truncate(301.64832+.05469)
2 301.64832 301.64832 0.00301 250.40000
=301.70000
=truncate(229.62730+.00301)
3 229.62730 229.62730 0.03030 301.70000
=229.60000
=truncate(285.59789+.03030)
4 285.59789 285.59789 0.02819 229.60000
=285.600000
=truncate(239.99976+.02819)
5 239.99976 239.99976 0.02795 285.60000
=240.00000

2.11 Data Storage

The following data shall be capable of being stored within the Scanner 2000 MVT, fat 5 minutely
intervals for a minimum period of 8 days,.
• Previous data totals for mass, gross volume, standard volume and energy.
• Differential pressure, downstream temperature (t3) and upstream pressure (p1).
• Mass, standard volume and energy flow rates.
• Mass, standard volume and energy non-resettable totaliser values.
All other values will be stored in the supervisory flow computer, or associated data storage
facilities.
2.12 Security
The flow computer shall have a facility to allow different levels of security to be set. This will
ensure that only suitable authorised personnel can change specific parameters by entering a
password of the required security level or higher.
2.13 Maintenance Mode

All flow rate totalisation checks will be performed when the Scanner 2000 MVT is removed from
the meter run and tested in a calibration laboratory. Therefore the maintenance mode facility,
normally available within dedicated meter run flow computers, is NOT required.
2.14 Alarms
The Scanner 2000 MVT shall provide an alarm facility to provide an alarm via the modbus link to
the supervisory flow computer for the following conditions.
• Failure of the triplicate non-resettable totalisers
• Differential Pressure Sensor Failure
• Static Pressure Sensor Failure
• Temperature Sensor Failure
• Calculation Failure

2.15 Turbine Meter Functionality

The existing functionality for turbine meters within the Scanner 2000 MVT is NOT required.
Therefore this functionality and the associated software within the MVT shall be ENTIRELY
REMOVED from the device.
2.16 Units
All input, calculation and display units shall be in SI.

3.0 FLOW CALCULATIONS
3.1 Nomenclature
The following nomenclature is used within this document.
Capital “T” refers to temperature at absolute conditions, i.e., degrees Kelvin.
Lower case “t” refers to temperature at normally referenced conditions of degrees Celsius.
Capital “P” refers to static pressure at absolute conditions, i.e., bara.

Lower case “p” refers to static pressure referenced to atmospheric or gauge pressure, i.e., barg
Suffix 1 (for example t1) refers to condition at the upstream orifice plate tapping or location 1 in
the diagram in figure 2.
Similarly, suffix 2 (for example t2) refers to condition at the downstream orifice plate tapping or
location 2 in the diagram in figure 2.
And, suffix 3 (for example t3) refers to condition at a location where the pressure across the
orifice plate has fully recovered, (apart from the permanent pressure loss which occurs across
any restriction). Typically this is considered to be where the temperature/thermowell devices are
installed in the meter run.
Double suffixes refer to two points in the meter run, for example ρ1,3. In this case, the first suffix
“1” refers to the pressure at location 1, and “3” refers to the temperature at location 3. This rule
is only applied to density (ρ).
The exception to this rule is the gas composition, where the suffix hydrocarbon type, i.e., C3 is
Propane, and the Coefficient of Discharge equation; where the prefixes have been used directly
from ISO5167(2003):part 2.
3.2 ISO5167(2003) Calculations

The following ISO5167 data relates to the gas orifice section of the application.
3.2.1 Mass Flowrate (kg/s)
International standard ISO5167(2003) uses d in metres and ΔP in Pascals. The flow computer
should use d in mm and ΔP in mbar.
ISO5167 states:
Cd π
qm = ∗ε ∗ ∗ d 2 ∗ 2 ∗ ΔP ∗ ρ 1
1− β 4 4

Therefore for mm and mbar
π
qm =
Cd
∗ε ∗ (
∗ d ∗ 10 -3 )
2
( )
∗ 2 ∗ ΔP x 10 2 ∗ ρ1
1− β 4 4
⎡ Cd π ⎤
qm = ⎢ ∗ ε ∗ ∗ d 2 ∗ 2 ∗ ΔP ∗ ρ1 ⎥ ∗ 10 -5
⎢⎣ 1 − β 4 4 ⎥⎦
Where:
qm Mass flow rate (kg/s)
Cd Discharge coefficient (dimensionless)
d Orifice diameter at upstream tapping (t1) condition (mm)
ρ Gas density at upstream tapping (P1 & T1) tconditions (kg/m3)
β Orifice/Pipe Diameter ratio (dimensionless)
ΔP In use differential pressure (mbar)
ε Expansibility factor (dimensionless)
3.2.2 Temperature Correction to Pipe Diameter
D = Dcal ∗ (1 + α D ∗(t1 − t calD ) )

Where:
D Pipe diameter corrected to meter run upstream tapping temperature (mm)
Dcal Pipe diameter at calibration temperature (mm)
αD Coefficient of expansion for pipe (mm/ºC)
t1 Temperature at upstream pressure tapping (ºC)
t calD Pipe calibration temperature (ºC)
3.2.3 Temperature Correction to Orifice Diameter
d = d cal ∗ (1 + α d ∗(t1 − t cald ) )
Where:
d Orifice plate corrected to meter run upstream tapping temperature (mm)
dcal Orifice plate diameter at calibration temperature (mm)
αd Coefficient of expansion for orifice plate (mm/ºC)

t cald Orifice plate calibration temperature (ºC)
3.2.4 Beta ratio at Line Conditions
d
β=
D
Where:
β Beta ratio at upstream tapping conditions (dimensionless)
d Orifice diameter at operating upstream tapping conditions (mm)
D Pipe diameter at operating upstream tapping conditions (mm)
3.2.5 Absolute Pressure
P1 = p1 + p atmos
Where:
P1 Upstream pressure in absolute pressure terms (bara)
p1 Upstream pressure in gauge pressure (barg)
patmos Atmospheric pressure (bar)
Similarly,
P2 = p 2 + p atmos
Where:
P2 Upstream pressure in absolute pressure terms (bara)
p2 Upstream pressure in gauge pressure (barg)
patmos Atmospheric pressure (bar)
Although many orifice plate gas systems make an assumption that atmospheric pressure is
equal to 1.01325 bar this an approximate average value over period of several years. In
practice, atmospheric pressure varies and can range from 964 to 1044mbar. The error
associated with assuming a constant value for atmospheric pressure, when calculating absolute
pressure from gauge pressure, can be considered to be small with gas pressures of 75 barg or
more. However, at lower operating pressure the error can be significant. The Scanner 2000
MVT calculations will be used on systems with low operating pressure (typically <10 barg),
therefore, atmospheric pressure shall be NOT be assumed to be 1.01325bar, but shall be
downloaded from the supervisory flow computer system. The supervisory system will determine
atmospheric pressure from an independent source, i.e., an barometer, or other atmospheric
pressure measuring device.

3.2.6 Absolute Temperature
T1 = t1 + 273.15
Where:
T1 Upstream temperature in absolute temperature terms (°K)
t1 Upstream temperature (°C)
Similarly,
T2 = t 2 + 273.15
Where:
T2 Downstream temperature in absolute temperature terms (°K)
t2 Downstream temperature (°C)
And
T3 = t 3 + 273.15
Where:
T3 Recovered pressure location temperature in absolute temperature terms (°K)
T3 Recovered pressure location temperature (°C)
3.2.7 Expansion Factor
⎡ ⎛P ⎞
1
k ⎤
ε = 1 − (0.351 + 0.256 ∗ β + 0.93 ∗ β ) ∗ ⎢1 − ⎜⎜ 2
4 8
⎟⎟ ⎥
⎢ ⎝ P1 ⎠ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
Where:
ε Expansibility factor (dimensionless)
β Beta ratio at line conditions (dimensionless)

P1 Static pressure at upstream tapping (bara)
P2 Static pressure at downstream tapping (bara)
k Isentropic exponent (dimensionless)
3.2.8 Velocity of Approach Factor
(
E = 1− β 4 )−0.5
Where:
E Velocity of approach factor (dimensionless)

3.2.9 Reynolds Number
International standard ISO5167(2003) uses d in metres and µ in pascalseconds (Pa.s). The flow
computer should use d in mm and µ in centi-Poise (cP).
ISO5167 states:
ρ ∗ u1 ∗ D
Re D =
μ1
Where:
ReD Reynolds Number
4 ∗ qm
u1 Pipe Velocity = in m/s
ρ1 ∗ π ∗ D 2
Therefore for mm and cP
4 ∗ qm D ∗ 10 −3 ρ1
Re D = ∗ ⋅
(
ρ1 ∗ π D ∗ 10 −3 2
) (
μ ∗ 10 −3 )
4 ∗ q m ∗ 10 6
Re D =
π ∗D∗μ
Where:
μ Dynamic Viscosity (cP)
qm Indicated mass flow rate (kg/s)
Ρ1 Gas density at upstream tapping conditions (kg/m3)
D Pipe diameter at operating upstream tapping conditions (mm)
3.2.10 Discharge Coefficient
ISO5167:2003 Reader-Harris Gallager eqn. uses the correlation.

(ref ISO5167-2:2003 section 5.3.2.1)
0.7
⎡10 6 ∗ β ⎤
Cd = 0.5961 + 0.261 ∗ β − 0.216 ∗ β + 0.000521 ∗ ⎢
2 8
⎥
⎣ Re D ⎦
0.3
⎡ 10 6 ⎤
+ (0.0188 + 0.0063 ∗ A) ∗ β 3.5
∗⎢ ⎥
⎣ Re D ⎦
( )
+ 0.043 + 0.080 ∗ e −10 L1 − 0.123 ∗ e −7 L1 ∗ (1 − 0.11 ∗ A)
β4
1− β 4
( )
− 0.031 ∗ M ' 2 −0.8 ∗ M ' 2 ∗ β 1.3
1.1
Where:
Cd Coefficient of Discharge (dimensionless)
ReD Reynolds Number (based on pipe internal diameter)

L1 (=l1/D) Is the quotient of the distance of the upstream tapping from the upstream
face of the plate and the pipe diameter and;
L’2 (=l’2/D) Is the quotient of the distance of the downstream tapping from the
downstream face of the plate and the pipe diameter (L’2 denotes the
reference of the downstream spacing from the downstream face, while L2
would denote the reference of the downstream spacing from the upstream
face.
2 ∗ L' 2
M '2 =
1− β
0.8
⎡19000 ∗ β ⎤
A=⎢ ⎥
⎣ Re D ⎦
For Flange tappings:

25.4
L1 = L' 2 =
D
3.2.11 Pressure Loss
ϖ =
( )
1 − β 4 ∗ 1 − Cd 2 −Cd ∗ β 2
ΔP
1− β 4 ∗ (1 − Cd ) +Cd ∗ β
2 2
Where:
ϖ Pressure Loss (mbar)
Cd Discharge Coefficient (dimensionless)
ΔP Differential Pressure (mbar)
3.2.12 Temperature at Upstream Pressure Tapping
This corrects the measured temperature (t3) to upstream conditions (t1)
t1 = t 3 + Δt
Where:
t3 Downstream measured temperature (ºC)
Δt Change in Temperature

Δt = u ∗ϖ
Where
μ Joule-Thomson coefficient
ϖ Permanent pressure loss (Bar)
The simplified Joule-Thompson coefficient is:
(
u = 0.35 − 0.00142 ∗ t 3 + 0.231 − 0.00294 ∗ t 3 + 0.0000136 ∗ t 3 ∗
2
)
(0.998 + 0.00041 ∗ P − 0.0001115 ∗ P
1 1
2
+ 0.0000003 ∗ P1
3
)
Where:
P1 Upstream Pressure (bara)
t3 Downstream measured temperature (°C)
3.2.13 Fully Recovered Downstream Pressure
(
P3 = P1 − Δϖ ∗ 10 −3 )
Where:
P1 Static pressure at upstream pressure tapping (bara)
P3 Fully recovered downstream Pressure (bara)
Δϖ Permanent pressure loss (mbar)
3.2.14 Static Pressure at Downstream Tapping
(
P2 = P1 − ΔP ∗ 10 −3 )
Where:
P1 Static pressure at upstream pressure tapping (bara)
P2 Static pressure at downstream pressure tapping (bara)
ΔP Differential Pressure (mbar)
3.3 AGA 8 Calculations
3.3.1 Calculated Meter Density – AGA8 (kg/m3)
Gas density at upstream tapping condition (P1, T1) shall be calculated using AGA8:1995 Equation
6.
M ∗ P1
ρ1,1 =
Z 1 ∗ R ∗ (t1 + 273.15)
Or,
M ∗ P1
ρ1,1 =
Z1 ∗ R ∗ T1

Where:
Z1 Line compressibility at upstream tapping conditions (detail characterisation
method; AGA8:1995)
P1 Upstream absolute static pressure (bara)
R Gas constant 8.314510 (J/mol - K)
t1 Upstream temperature (ºC)
T1 Upstream absolute temperature (°K)
M Mixture Molar Mass (g/mol)
3.4 ISO 6976 Calculations
3.4.1 ISO 6976 Data Table
The data in Table 1 has been obtained from ISO6976:1995.

Table 1 Molecular mass, Summation Factor, Ideal CV Values
Summation
Mol Mass Ideal CV
Factor, b
Compound g/mol Superior 15°C
15ºC 1.01325 MJ/kg
bar
Nitrogen N2 28.0135 0.0173 0.0
Carbon dioxide CO2 44.010 0.0748 0.0
Water- Gaseous H2O 18.0153 0.2345 2.47
Methane C1 16.043 0.0447 55.574
Ethane C2 30.070 0.0922 51.95
Propane C3 44.097 0.1338 50.37
n-Butane nC4 58.123 0.1871 49.55
2-Methyl-propane iC4 58.123 0.1789 49.39
n-Pentane nC5 72.150 0.2510 49.04
2-Methylbutane iC5 72.150 0.2280 48.95
2,2-Dimethylpropane neoC5 72.150 0.2121 48.75
n-Hexane nC6 86.177 0.2950 48.72
2-Methylpentane iC6 86.177 0.2933 48.63
2,2-Dimethylbutane neoC6 86.177 0.2627 48.51
n-Heptane C7 100.204 0.3661 48.47
n-Octane C8 114.231 0.4450 48.29
n-Nonane C9 128.258 0.5385 48.15
n-Decane C10 142.285 0.6450 48.04
Note:
1. Molar Mass – ISO 6976 1995 Table 1
2. Summation factors @ 15ºC and 1.01325 BarA – ISO6976 1995 Table 2
3. CV for ideal gas on a mass basis – ISO 6976 1995 Table 4

3.4.2 Calorific Value
N
⎛ Mj⎞
CV = ∑ ⎜⎜ x j ∗ ⎟ ∗ CV j
j =1 ⎝ M ⎟⎠
Reference ISO 6976:1995 equation 7
Where:
CV Superior CV of the mixture (MJ/kg)
CVj Superior CV of component j
Xj Mol fraction of component j
Mj Mol mass of component j
M Mol mass of mixture
For the purposes of ISO6976:1995, the real gas calorific value on a mass basis is taken to be
numerically equal to the corresponding gas value.
3.4.3 Standard Compression Factor
2
⎡N ⎤
Z std = 1 − ⎢∑ x j ∗ b j ⎥
⎣ j =1 ⎦
Where:
Zstd Compression factor of the gas @ standard conditions of 15oC, 101.325 kPa
xj Mol fraction of component j
bj Summation factor of component j Table 2, 15oC, 101.325 kPa
3.4.4 Standard Density
∗ ∑ (x j ∗ M j )
Pstd N
ρ IDEAL =
R ∗ Tstd j =1

Where:
ρ IDEAL
ρ REAL =
Z std
Therefore:
∗ ∑ (x j M j )
Pstd N
R ∗ Tstd j =1
ρ REAL =
Z std
Where:
ρREAL Real Density of gas mixture (kg/m3)
ρIDEAL Ideal Density of gas mixture (kg/m3)
Zstd Compression factor of the gas at standard conditions (dimensionless)
Pstd Standard Pressure (1.01325 bara)
Tstd Standard Temperature, absolute (288.15°K)
R Molecular Gas constant 8.314510 (J/mol - K)
xj Mol fraction of component j
Mj Mol mass of component j
Component molar mass (Mj) shall be obtained from table in section 10 of ISO6976:1995.
3.5 Flow Rate Calculations
3.5.1 Mass Flowrate (t/hr)
q mh = q m ∗ 3600
Where:
qmh Mass flow rate (tonne/hr)
3.5.2 Actual (Gross) Volume Flowrate (m3/hr)
q m ∗ 3600
qv =
ρ1,1 ∗ 1000

Where:
qv Volume flow rate at gross P1, and T1 conditions (km3/hr)

ρ1,1 Density at upstream pressure and temperature tapping conditions (kg/m3)
3.5.3 Standard Volume Flowrate (ksm3/hr)
q m ∗ 3600
q v ( std ) =
ρ std ∗ 1000
Where:
qv(std) Standard volume flow rate (kSm3/hr)
qm Stream mass flow rate (kg/s)
ρstd Gas density at standard conditions (kg/Sm3)
3.5.4 Energy Flowrate (GJ/hr)
q e = q m ∗ CV ∗ 3600 ∗ 1000
Where:
qe Stream energy flow rate (GJ/hr)
qm Stream mass flow rate (kg/s)
CV Real calorific value (superior) of the mixture (MJ/kg)
As MJ/hr is a small quantity for North Sea gas export systems, energy increment shall be
reported in units of GJ/hr and not MJ/hr.
3.6 Totalisation Calculations
3.6.1 Mass Total Increment (t)
ΔQm = q m ∗ ΔTime ∗ 0.001

Where:
ΔQm Mass Total (t)
ΔTime Increment in time since the last totalisation
3.6.2 Actual (Gross) Volume Increment (m3)
ΔQv = q v ∗ ΔTime

Where:
ΔQv Gross Volume Total (km3)
qm Gross Volume Flow Rate (km3/hr)
3.6.3 Standard Volume Increment (ksm3)
ΔQv ( std ) = q v ( std ) ∗ ΔTime

Where:
ΔQv(Std) Standard Volume Total (kSm3)
qm Standard Volume Flow Rate (kSm3/hr)
3.6.4 Energy Increment (GJ)
ΔQe = q e ∗ ΔTime
Where:
ΔQe Energy Total (MJ)
qe Stream energy flow rate (MJ/hr)
As MJ is a small quantity for North Sea gas export systems, energy increment shall be reported
in units of GJ and not MJ.
3.6.5 Non-Resetable Totals
The mass, gross volume, standard volume and energy increments shall be added to their
respective triplicate non-resettable totalisers on each cycle or ΔTime increment.
3.6.6 Period Totals (Current to Full Resolution and Current to 1DP)
In addition to the non-resettable totals the flow computer shall calculate maintain period totals.
These shall be as defined in section 2.10.
At the end of each period, the current period totals shall become the previous period totals and
the current totals are reset to zero, see section 2.10.2.

4.0 SCANNER 2000 MVT MODBUS INPUTS & OUTPUTS
4.1 Process Variables – Data to be Uploaded Automatically to the Scanner

2000 MVT
This following data points shall be uploaded to the Scanner 2000 MVT every 1 minute.
Symbol Variable Units

Db Pipe Diameter At Base Calibration Temperature mm
αD Coefficient Of Expansion For Pipe mm/oC
o
TcD Pipe Calibration Temperature C
db Orifice Plate Diameter At Base Calibration Temperature mm
αd Coefficient Of Expansion For Orifice Plate mm/oC
o
Tcd Orifice Plate Calibration Temperature C
p1 Keypad Upstream Stream Gauge Pressure, p1 Barg
o
t3 Keypad Temperature at Recovered Pressure Location, t3 C
Δp Keypad Differential Pressure mBar
C1 Gas Methane Component, C1 mol %
C2 Gas Ethane Component mol %
C3 Gas Propane Component mol %
nC4 Gas n-Butane Component mol %
iC4 Gas 2-Methylpropane (i-Butane) Component mol %
nC5 Gas n-Pentane Component mol %
iC5 Gas 2-Methylbutane (i-Butane) Component mol %
neoC5 Gas 2,2-Dimethylpropane (neo-Pentane) Component mol %
nC6 Gas n-Hexane Component mol %
iC6 Gas 2-Methylpentane (i-Hexane) Component mol %
neoC6 Gas 2,2-Dimethylbutane (neo-Hexane) Component mol %
C7 Gas n-Heptane Component mol %
C8 Gas n-Octane Component mol %
C9 Gas n-Nonane Component mol %
C10 Gas n-Decane Component mol %
N2 Gas Nitrogen Component mol %
CO2 Carbon Dioxide Gas Component mol %
H2O Water Vapour Gas Component mol %
μ Supervisory Computer Calculated Dynamic Viscosity cP
κ Supervisory Computer Calculated Isentropic Exponent Dimensionless
patmos Barometric Pressure bar

Selection to Use Either Measured Static Pressure (p1) or

Keypad Value
Selection to Use Either Measured Temperature (t1) or
Keypad Value
Selection to Use Either Measured Differential Pressure
(Δp) or
Keypad Value
4.2 Scanner 2000 MVT Values – Data to be Downloaded Automatically from the
Scanner 2000 MVT
This data points shall be downloaded to the supervisory flow computer every 1 minute. It is
understood that some of these values are being loaded down to the MVT on a 1 minutely basis.

p1 Measured Upstream Static Pressure barg
p1 Operator Set Keypad Stream Pressure barg
p1 In Use Static Pressure, (gauge) barg
p1 In Use Static Pressure, (absolute) bara
t3 Measured Temperature (at Recovered Pressure Location)
o
t3 Operator Set Keypad Temperature (at Recovered Pressure C
Location)
o
t3 In Use Temperature (at Recovered Pressure Location) C
Δp Measured Differential Pressure mbar
Δp Operator Set Keypad Differential Pressure mbar
Δp In Use Differential Pressure mbar
C1 In use Gas Methane Component, C1 mol %
C2 In Use Gas Ethane Component mol %
C3 In Use Gas Propane Component mol %
nC4 In Use Gas n-Butane Component mol %
iC4 In Use Gas 2-Methylpropane (i-Butane) Component mol %
nC5 In Use Gas n-Pentane Component mol %
iC5 In Use Gas 2-Methylbutane (i-Butane) Component mol %
neoC5 In Use Gas 2,2-Dimethylpropane (neo-Pentane) Component mol %
nC6 In Use Gas n-Hexane Component mol %
iC6 In Use Gas 2-Methylpentane (i-Hexane) Component mol %
neoC6 In Use Gas 2,2-Dimethylbutane (neo-Hexane) Component mol %

C7 In Use Gas n-Heptane Component mol %

C8 In Use Gas n-Octane Component mol %
C9 In Use Gas n-Nonane Component mol %
C10 In Use Gas n-Decane Component mol %
N2 In Use Gas Nitrogen Component mol %
CO2 In Use Carbon Dioxide Gas Component mol %
H2O In Use Water Vapour Gas Component mol %
μ In Use Dynamic Viscosity cP
κ In Use Isentropic Exponent Dimensionless
patmos Barometric Pressure bar
Db Pipe Diameter At Base Calibration Temperature mm
αD Coefficient Of Expansion For Pipe mm/oC
o
TcD Pipe Calibration Temperature C
D Pipe Diameter at upstream tapping temperature, t1 mm
db Orifice Plate Diameter At Base Calibration Temperature mm
αd Coefficient Of Expansion For Orifice Plate mm/oC
o
Tcd Orifice Plate Calibration Temperature C
d Orifice Plate Diameter at upstream tapping temperature, t1 mm
ρ1 Meter run gas density kg/m3
RED Reynolds number Dimensionless
Cd Discharge coefficient Dimensionless
Z1 Gas Compressibility at Upstream Tap Conditions, P1 & T1 Dimensionless
Zstd Gas Compressibility at standard conditions Dimensionless
qm Mass Flowrate t/hr
qv Actual (Gross) Volume Flowrate m3/hr
qstd Standard Volume Flowrate ksm3/hr
qe Energy Flowrate GJ/hr
Qm Non-resettable mass total t
Qv Non-resettable gross volume total m3
Qstd Non-resettable standard volume total ksm3
Qe Non-resettable energy total GJ
Qm Current Current day mass total t
Qm Current 1DP Current day mass total, to 1decimal place t
Qv Current Current day gross volume total, to full resolution m3
Qv Current 1DP Current day gross volume total, to 1decimal place m3
Qstd Current Current day standard volume total, to full resolution ksm3
Qstd Current 1DP Current day standard volume total, to 1decimal place ksm3

Qe Current Current day energy total, to full resolution GJ

Qe Current 1DP Current day energy total, to 1decimal place GJ
Qm Previous Previous day mass total, to full resolution T
Qm Previous 1DP Previous day mass total, to 1decimal place T
Qv Previous Previous day gross volume total, to full resolution ksm3
Qv Previous 1DP Previous day gross volume total, to 1decimal place ksm3
Qstd Previous Previous day standard volume total, to full resolution m3
Qstd Previous 1DP Previous day standard volume total, to 1decimal place m3
Qe Previous Previous day energy total, to full resolution GJ
Qe Previous 1DP Previous day energy total, to 1decimal place GJ
4.3 Scanner 2000 MVT Alarm Status – Data to be downloaded Automatically

from the Scanner 2000 MVT
Alarm status shall be uploaded to the supervisory flow computer every 1 minute.

n/a Triplicate non -resettable totaliser failure n/a
n/a Differential pressure sensor failure n/a
n/a Static pressure sensor failure n/a
n/a Temperature sensor failure n/a
4.4 Scanner 2000 MVT System Time – Data to be Downloaded Automatically

from the Scanner 2000 MVT
To ensure that the Scanner 2000 MVT time base is in sequence with the supervisory flow
computer the time and date in the supervisory flow computer shall be downloaded to the
Scanner 2000 MVT once a day at a present time. The present time shall be set within the
supervisory flow computer.
This will also allow the Summer to Winter and Winter to Summer clock changes to be
accommodated within the Scanner 2000 MVT.

n/a Supervisory Flow Computer Time Base dd/mm/yy/hh/mm/ss

Functional Design Spec Cameron Scanner 2000 MVT - Rev 1

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DOC. TITLE: Functional Design Specification

CONTROLLED THIS DOCUMENT

1 17/10/08 ISSUED TO VENDOR Steve Emmerson David Geach

2.0 SCANNER 2000 MVT FUNCTIONALITY............................................................................5

3.0 FLOW CALCULATIONS ......................................................................................................13

3.6.3 Standard Volume Increment (ksm3)................................................................................................................... 24

4.0 SCANNER 2000 MVT MODBUS INPUTS & OUTPUTS ..................................................25

Procedure No.: CUKL-PRN-XXX Rev. 1

Procedure No.: CUKL-PRN-XXX Rev. 1

2.0 SCANNER 2000 MVT FUNCTIONALITY

Figure 1. Orifice Plate Meters Showing Instrument Interfaces

Procedure No.: CUKL-PRN-XXX Rev. 1

Orifice Plate Permanent

Temperature reduction due

1 – Upstream pressure tapping, P1

Figure 2. Orifice Plate Reference Points

2.2 Differential Pressure

The differential pressure reading and display will be in mbar.

Procedure No.: CUKL-PRN-XXX Rev. 1

2.3 Static Pressure

The static pressure reading and display will be in bar gauge.

The temperature reading and display will be in °C.

2.5 Gas Composition

The gas composition reading and display will be in %mole.

2.6 Gas Composition Dependent Variables

Procedure No.: CUKL-PRN-XXX Rev. 1

2.7 Meter Run Density

Calculations shall comply with the following standards:

• AGA8:1994 standard calculations – for gas density and compressibility at upstream

2.8 Meter Run Calorific Value

2.9 Gas Flow Rates

2.10 Gas Totals

Procedure No.: CUKL-PRN-XXX Rev. 1

2.10.1 Non-resettable Totals

2.10.2 Period Totals

The current day shall be set as 06:00 to 06:00 hours.

2.10.2.1 Current Day and Previous Day Totals to Full Resolution

Procedure No.: CUKL-PRN-XXX Rev. 1

Non-Resettable Current Day Current Day Previous Day

2.10.2.2 Current Day and Previous Day Totals to 1 Decimal Place

The calculation procedure should performed in the following way.

• The current days figures shall be truncated to 1 decimal place.

• This figure should then be truncated again.

See worked example below

1 250.45469 250.45469 250.40000 0.05469 0.00000

Procedure No.: CUKL-PRN-XXX Rev. 1

2.11 Data Storage

• Differential pressure, downstream temperature (t3) and upstream pressure (p1).

• Mass, standard volume and energy flow rates.

• Mass, standard volume and energy non-resettable totaliser values.

2.13 Maintenance Mode

• Failure of the triplicate non-resettable totalisers

• Differential Pressure Sensor Failure

• Static Pressure Sensor Failure

• Temperature Sensor Failure

Procedure No.: CUKL-PRN-XXX Rev. 1

2.15 Turbine Meter Functionality

Procedure No.: CUKL-PRN-XXX Rev. 1

3.0 FLOW CALCULATIONS

Capital “P” refers to static pressure at absolute conditions, i.e., bara.

3.2 ISO5167(2003) Calculations

3.2.1 Mass Flowrate (kg/s)