Sārāvalī​ of Translated by

Michael Douglas Neely

Kalyāṇavarma
Chapter Six:
(Yoga) Kārakas

The Translator and the
Translation
For the most part, I am a self-taught Sanskrit enthusiast. You
can see my translation work on my academia.edu profile:
https://independent.academia.edu/MichaelNeely
This translation in verse five states that Kalyāṇavarmā is the
author and the lord of the fortunate Vyāghnapad. The dating of
the text is speculated around the early 9th century CE by David
Pingree.1
The main source I used for this translation was the two volume
edition by R. Santhanam published by Ranjan Publications in
2005 (ISBN: 81-88230-45-6 (Set)). The two volumes are
available online at the following links:
Volume One
https://archive.org/details/SaravaliRSanthanamVol1/page/n0
Volume Two
https://archive.org/details/SaravaliRSanthanamVol2/page/n0
1
Pingree, David​ (1981) "​Jyotiḥśāstra", Jan Gonda (ed) ​A History of Indian
Literature​, Vol, VI Fasc. 4, Otto Harrassowitz — Wiesbaden, pages 88–90
The Sanskrit script edition edited by V. Subrahmanya Shastri
in 1907 and published by Tukaram Javaji of Nirnaya Sagra
Press was also extensively consulted. It can be found online at
the following link:
https://archive.org/details/saravali00kalyuoft/page/n5
For my Sanskrit language references, most of the time I
consulted the Sanskrit primer ​Devavāṇīpraveśikā by Robert
and Sally Goldman, ​Sanskrit Grammar ​by William Dwight
Whitney, ​Sanskrit Manual by William Bucknell, and the
Academic Room Sanskrit-English iOS Dictionary app.
The script for this translation was generated from the Learn
Sanskrit website:
http://www.learnsanskrit.org/tools/sanscript
The Sanskrit Grammarian website was also extensively used to
find and confirm noun declensions and verb conjunctions:
http://sanskrit.inria.fr/DICO/grammar.html
The online Sanskrit Dictionary website was also extensively
used to look up various Sanskrit words for their definitions and
parts of speech:
http://sanskritdictionary.com/
In my prose translations, I tried to be as literal as possible, not
adding anything to the translation that was not in the original
Sanskrit text. If I did add something, it is clearly indicated. For
each verse translated, I show the transliteration of the Sanskrit
in the International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration (IAST)
format and the English translation I created. After that, I broke
down each word of the Sanskrit text into its pre-​sandhi​ form
and listed the various grammar identifiers of each word. When Translation completed in August 2019.
needed, I explain why my translation is different from other © Michael Douglas Neely
translations and provide other background information
essential to understanding the verses. It is up to each person to
arrive at a translation that makes sense to him/her. My mission
in all my translations is to provide a very detailed word for
word translation identifying each word’s grammar and to
provide an understandable translation for everyone. I don’t
seek to be the supreme authority on any translation that I do.

I am not a Sanskrit professor nor do I claim to be an expert in

the Sanskrit language. Some Sanskritists may criticize this
book given I am not a credentialed Sanskritist in the guise that
I made certain grammar and translation errors. I am not
immune to error, but I am definitely confident that I provide a
valuable Sanskrit resource in this publication. If one feels
moved to criticize my work, I would appreciate a detailed
response in regards to my error and not some off the cuff
rebuke from on high. I understand society’s tendency to give
the benefit of the doubt to a credentialed person over a
non-credentialed enthusiast, but just be aware that credentialed
and uncredentialed people make errors all the same.

Whenever I translate a Sanskrit text, I do so to understand a

particular knowledge from its primary source and retrace the
steps of other translators. I want to confirm the accepted
understanding of the text. With my detailed Sanskrit to English
translations, I also seek to make a bridge between Sanskrit
enthusiasts and the texts I have translated as a vehicle of
education and joy.
 Chapter title. Thus, in the ​Sārāvalī ​composed by Kalyāṇavarma
is the sixth chapter on the ​Kārakas ​(agents).
Verses
1. If those are situated in one’s own zodiac sign, ​(mūla)trikoṇa,
or exaltation among the angles, those should be each other’s
kārakas ​(agents), indeed, among the angles considered of Hari.

2. [For example], Saturn situated in Libra, Jupiter and the

Moon in the ​lagna​ in Cancer, and Mars in Aries joined to the
Sun, these are one another’s ​kārakas ​(agents).

3. Planets situated in an exaltation, friend, one’s own zodiac, or

aṃśa (portion) are declared ​kārakas ​(agents). And Cāṇakya
says, “From its characteristic difference, the Sun in the tenth
house.”

4. Situated in the ​lagna​, together with the fourth house, and

also situated in the tenth house, all those are ​kārakas ​(agents).
Also some desire in the eleventh house. That is not considered
of the great sages.

5. One born in a low strata with ​kāraka ​planets goes towards

preeminence. Born from the lineage of a lord of the earth there
is a lord of men without a doubt.

6. The creator of the ​kāraka ​(agent) possessed of strength is the

cause among the ​yogas​ declared by Hari. Therefore, the
ascertainment of the result is caused to be declared with those
creators of the ​kārakas ​(agents), etc.
Verse Detail
 sva = one’s own
ṛkṣa = zodiac sign
Verse 1 trikoṇa = (mūla)trikoṇa
tuṅga = exaltation
svarkṣatrikoṇatuṅgasthā yadi kendreṣu saṃsthitāḥ । stha = situated
svarkṣatrikoṇatuṅgasthās (stem form: svarkṣatrikoṇatuṅgastha)
anyonyaṃ kārakāste syuḥ kendreṣveva harermatam ॥1॥ (masculine, nominative, singular) = one’s own zodiac sign,
(mūla)trikoṇa, or exaltation

If those are situated in one’s own zodiac sign, ​(mūla)trikoṇa, or yadi (conjunction) (indeclinable) = if
exaltation among the angles, those should be each other’s
kārakas ​(agents), indeed, among the angles considered of Hari. kendreṣu (stem form: kendra) (neuter, locative, plural) =
among the angles

saṃsthitās (sam + 1st class verb root: sthā) (past passive

participle, masculine, nominative, plural) = those situated

anyonyam (adverb) (indeclinable) = each other’s

kārakās (stem form: kāraka) (masculine, nominative, singular)

= ​kārakas ​(agents)

te (pronoun, 3rd person, masculine, nominative, plural) = those

syus (2nd class verb root: as) (optative, 3rd person, plural) =
those should be

kendreṣu (stem form: kendra) (neuter, locative, plural) =

among the angles

eva (adverb) (indeclinable) = indeed

hares (stem form: hari) (masculine, genitive, singular) = of
Hari (a famous preceptor) Verse 2
matam (4th/8th class verb root: man) (past passive participle,
neuter, nominative, singular) = considered ravitanayo jūkasthaḥ kulīralagne bṛhaspatihimāṃśū ।

meṣe kujo raviyutaḥ parasparaṃ kārakā ete ॥2॥

[For example], Saturn situated in Libra, Jupiter and the Moon

in the ​lagna​ in Cancer, and Mars in Aries joined to the Sun,
these are one another’s ​kārakas ​(agents).
ravi = the Sun kārakās (stem form: kāraka) (masculine, nominative, singular)
tanaya = son = ​kārakas ​(agents)
ravitanayas (stem form: ravitanaya) (masculine, nominative,
singular) = son of the Sun (Saturn) ete (pronoun, 3rd person, masculine, nominative, plural) =
these
jūka = Libra
stha = situated
jūkasthas (stem form: jūkastha) (masculine, nominative,
singular) = situated in Libra

kulīra = Cancer
lagna = ​lagna
kulīralagne (stem form: kulīralagna) (masculine, locative,
singular) = in the ​lagna ​in Cancer

bṛhaspati = Jupiter
himāṃśu = the Moon
bṛhaspatihimāṃśū (stem form: bṛhaspatihimāṃśu) (masculine,
nominative, dual) = Jupiter and the Moon

meṣe (stem form: meṣa) (masculine, locative, singular) = in

Aries

kujas (stem form: kuja) (masculine, nominative, singular) =

Mars

raviyutas (2nd class verb root: yu) (past passive participle,

masculine, nominative, singular) = joined to the Sun

parasparam (adverb) (indeclinable) = one another’s


Verse 3
tuṅgasuhṛtsvagṛhāṃśe sthitā grahā kārakāḥ samākhyātāḥ ।
meṣūraṇe ca raviriti viśeṣato vakti cāṇakyaḥ ॥3॥
Planets situated in an exaltation, friend, one’s own zodiac, or
aṃśa (portion) are declared ​kārakas ​(agents). And Cāṇakya
says, “From its characteristic difference, the Sun in the tenth
house.”
tuṅga = exaltation
suhṛd = friend
sva = one’s own
gṛha = zodiac sign
aṃśa = aṃśa (portion)
tuṅgasuhṛtsvagṛhāṃśe (stem form: tuṅgasuhṛtsvagṛhāṃśa)
(masculine, locative, singular) = in an exaltation, friend, one’s
own zodiac or ​aṃśa (portion)
sthitās (1st class verb root: sthā) (past passive participle,
masculine, nominative, plural) = those situated
grahās (stem form: graha) (masculine, nominative, plural) =
planets
kārakās (stem form: kāraka) (masculine, nominative, singular)
= ​kārakas ​(agents)
samākhyātās (sam + 2nd class verb root: ākhyā) (past passive
participle, masculine, nominative, plural) = those declared
meṣūraṇe (stem form: meṣūraṇa) (neuter, locative, singular) =
in the tenth house
ca (conjunction) (indeclinable) = and
ravis (stem form: ravi) (masculine, nominative, singular) = the
Sun
iti (punctuation) (indeclinable) = (close quote)
viśeṣa = characteristic difference
tas = (adverbial suffix with an ablative sense)
Verse 4
viśeṣatas (adverb) (indeclinable) = from the characteristic
difference lagnasthaḥ sukhasaṃstho daśamasthaścāpi kārakāḥ sarve ।

vakti (2nd class verb root: vac) (present indicative, ekādaśe'pi kecidvāñchanti na tanmataṃ munīndrāṇām ॥4॥
parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular) = says

cāṇakyas (stem form: cāṇakya) (masculine, nominative, Situated in the ​lagna​, together with the fourth house, and also
singular) = Cāṇakya situated in the tenth house, all those are ​kārakas ​(agents). Also
some desire in the eleventh house. That is not considered of the
great sages.
lagna = ​lagna vāñchanti (1st class verb root: vāñch) (present indicative,
stha = situated parasmaipada, 3rd person, plural) = those desire
lagnasthas (stem form: lagnastha) (masculine, nominative,
singular) = situated in the ​lagna na (negative) (indeclinable) = not

sukha = fourth house tat (pronoun, 3rd person, neuter, nominative, singular) = that
saṃstha = together with
sukhasaṃsthas (stem form: sukhasaṃstha) (masculine, matam (4th/8th class verb root: man) (past passive participle,
nominative, singular) = together with the fourth house neuter, nominative, singular) = considered

daśama = tenth house munīndrāṇām (stem form: munīndra) (masculine, genitive,

stha = situated plural) = of the great sages
daśamasthas (stem form: daśamastha) (masculine, nominative,
singular) = situated in the tenth house

ca (conjunction) (indeclinable) = and

api (adverb) (indeclinable) = also

kārakās (stem form: kāraka) (masculine, nominative, singular)

= ​kārakas ​(agents)

sarve (stem form: sarva) (pronoun, 3rd person, masculine,

nominative, plural) = all those

ekādaśe (stem form: ekādaśa) (masculine, locative, singular) =

in the eleventh house

api (adverb) (indeclinable) = also

kecid (indefinite article) (indeclinable) = some

 nīca = low
kula = strata
Verse 5 nīcakule (stem form: nīcakula) (neuter, locative, singular) = in
low strata
nīcakule saṃbhūtaḥ kārakavihagaiḥ pradhānatāṃ yāti ।
saṃbhūtas (sam + 1st class verb root: bhū) (past passive
kṣitipativaṃśasamuttho bhavati narendro na sandehaḥ ॥5॥ participle, masculine, nominative, singular) = born

kāraka = ​kāraka ​(agent)

One born in a low strata with ​kāraka ​planets goes towards vihaga = planet
preeminence. Born from the lineage of a lord of the earth there kārakavihagais (stem form: kārakavihaga) (masculine,
is a lord of men without a doubt. instrumental, plural) = with ​kāraka ​planets

pradhānatām (stem form: pradhānatā) (feminine, accusative,

singular) = preeminence

yāti (2nd class verb root: yā) (present indicative, parasmaipada,

3rd person, singular) = goes towards

kṣiti = earth
pati = lord
vaṃśa = lineage
samuttha = born from
kṣitipativaṃśasamutthas (stem form: kṣitipativaṃśasamuttha)
(masculine, nominative, singular) = born from the lineage of a
lord of the earth

bhavati (1st class verb root: ) (present indicative,

parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular) = it is
nara = man
indra = lord
narendras (stem form: narendra) (masculine, nominative,
Verse 6
singular) = lord of men
kārakavedho balavān mūlaṃ yogeṣu kīrtito hariṇā ।
na (negative) (indeclinable) = not
tasmātphalanirdeśaḥ kārakavedhādibhirvācyaḥ ॥6॥
sandehas (stem form: sandeha) (masculine, nominative,
singular) = doubt
The creator of the ​kāraka ​(agent) possessed of strength is the
cause among the ​yogas​ declared by Hari. Therefore, the
ascertainment of the result is caused to be declared with those
creators of the ​kārakas ​(agents), etc.
kāraka = ​kāraka ​(agent) kāraka = ​kāraka ​(agent)
vedhas = creator vedha = creator
kārakavedhas (stem form: kārakavedhas) (neuter, nominative, ādi = et cetera
singular) = creator of the ​kāraka ​(agent) kārakavedhādibhis (stem form: kārakavedhādi) (masculine,
instrumental, plural) = with those creators of the ​kārakas
balavān (stem form: balavat) (masculine, nominative, singular) (agents), etc.
= possessed of strength
vācyas (2nd class verb root: vac) (future passive participle,
mūlam (stem form: mūla) (neuter, nominative, singular) = causative, masculine, nominative, singular) = caused to be
cause declared

yogeṣu (stem form: yoga) (masculine, locative, plural) =

among the ​yogas

kīrtitas (stem form: kīrtita) (past passive participle, masculine,

nominative, singular) = declared

hariṇā (stem form: hari) (masculine, instrumental, singular) =

by Hari

tasmāt (adverb) (indeclinable) = therefore

phala = result
nirdeśa = ascertainment
phalanirdeśas (stem form: phalanirdeśa) (masculine,
nominative, singular) = ascertainment of the result
 iti (adverb) (indeclinable) = thus
Chapter Title
kalyāṇavarma = Kalyāṇavarma
iti kalyāṇavarmaviracitāyāṃ sārāvalyāṃ kārakādhyāyaḥ viracitā = composed
kalyāṇavarmaviracitāyām (1st class verb root: virac) (past
ṣaṣṭaḥ ॥ passive participle, feminine, locative, singular) = in the
composed by Kalyāṇavarma

Thus, in the ​Sārāvalī ​composed by Kalyāṇavarma is the sixth sārāvalyām (stem form: sārāvalī) (feminine, locative, singular)
chapter on the ​(Yoga) Kārakas ​(agents). = in the ​Sārāvalī

kārakās (stem form: kāraka) (masculine, nominative, plural) =

(Yoga) Kārakas ​(agents)

adhyāyas (stem form: adhyāya) (masculine, nominative,

singular) = chapter

ṣaṣṭas (stem form: ṣaṣṭa) (ordinal number, masculine,

nominative, singular) = sixth