BQT1614, QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS TRI1, 2020/2021

Tutorial 2
Topic 3: Basic Probability

1. An interview has been done among a group of students from Faculty of Business and Law in
Multimedia University Malacca. It is found that 10% have hot breakfast, 20% have hot lunch and 25%
have a hot breakfast or a hot lunch. Find the probability that a student chosen at random from this
group,

i) has a hot breakfast and a hot lunch,

ii) has a hot lunch, given that the student had a hot breakfast.

2. Six hundred accidents that occurred on a Saturday night were analysed. Two items noted were the
number of vehicles involved and whether alcohol played a role in the accident. The numbers are shown
below:

Number of Vehicles Involved

Did alcohol play a role? 1 2 3 Totals
Yes 75 125 50 250
No 50 225 75 350
Totals 125 350 125 600

i) What proportion of accidents involved alcohol or a single vehicle?

ii) If multiple vehicles were involved, what proportion of accidents involved alcohol?

3. A major electronics manufacturer has determined that when one of its televisions is sold there is 0.08
chance that the set will need service before the warranty period expires. It has also assessed a 0.05
chance that a DVD player will need service prior to the expiration of the warranty.

i) Suppose a customer purchases one of the company’s televisions and one of the DVD players, what is
the probability that at least one of the products will require service prior to the warranty expiring?
ii) Suppose a retailer sells four televisions on a particular day, what is the probability that none of the
four will need service prior to the warranty expiring?

4. A seed packaging company purchases 30% of their vegetable seeds from supplier KZ and 70% from
supplier MP. The vegetable seeds from supplier KZ have an 85% germination rate and those from
supplier MP have a 95% germination rate.

i) Find the probability that a seed selected at random will germinate.

ii) Given that the seed germinated, find the probability that the seed was purchased from supplier KZ.
iii)Are the supplier and the germination rate statistically independent? Explain.

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BQT1614, QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS TRI1, 2020/2021

5. A distributor of Christmas tree lights has four suppliers from which she purchases lights. This past
season she purchased 40% of the lights from Franklin Lighting, 30% from Wilson & Sons, 20% from
Evergreen Supply, and the rest from A.L. Scott. In prior years, 3% of Franklin’s lights were defective,
6% of the Wilson’s lights were defective, 2% of Evergreen’s were defective, and 8% of the Scott lights
were defective. When the lights arrive at the distributor, she puts them in inventory without identifying
the supplier. Suppose that a light string has been pulled from inventory and found that it is defective;
what is the probability that it was supplied by Franklin Lighting?

6. ABC Construction Company is determining whether it should submit a bid for a new shopping center.
In the past, ABC's main competitor, XYZ Construction Company, has submitted bids 70% of the time.
If XYZ Construction Company does not bid on a job, the probability that ABC Construction Company
will get the job is 0.50. If XYZ Construction Company does bid on a job, the probability that ABC
Construction Company will get the job is 0.25.

i) If ABC Construction Company gets the job, what is the probability that XYZ Construction Company
did not bid?
ii) What is the probability that ABC Construction Company will get the job?