You are on page 1of 61

“AIRBEG SMART HELMET”

Mini Project Report


SUBMITTED BY
Alpana Yadav
Reg No.-PREERN220032513

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF


Dr. Akhilesh Kumar Verma
(Associate Professor)
In partial fulfillment of the requirements-for the award of the degree
Of
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
of
A.P.J Abdul Kalam Technology University

JEEVANDEEP INSTITUTE of MANAGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY


{ Submission on – Feb 2023}
DECLARATION

I undersigned, hereby declare that the project titled “SMART HELMET” submitted in partial
fulfilment for the award of Degree of Master of Business Administration of A P J Abdul
Kalam Technological University is a bonafide record of work done by me under the guidance of
Dr. Akhilesh Kumar Verma , JEEVANDEEP INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT
TECHNOLOGY . This report has not previously formed the basis for the award of any degree,
diploma, or similar title of any University.

Date : Alpana Yadav


MBA 1 Sem.
JEEVANDEEP INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT
&TECHNOLOGY

CERTIFICATE

This is certify that the report “Smart Helmet” Being submitted by Alpana Yadav
Reg No.-PREERN220032513 , in parital fulfillment of the requirement for the
award of the degree of Master Administration , is a bona fide record of thr project
work done by Alpana Yadav , JEEVANDEEP INSTITUE OF MANAGEMENT &
TECHNOLOGY.

Dr. Akhilesh Kumar Verma


(Associate Professor)
Acknowledgements

Through this acknowledgement I express my sincere gratitude towards all those people who helped
me in this project, which has been a learning experience.

This space wouldn’t be enough to extend my warm gratitude towards my project guide Dr.
Akhilesh Kumar Verma (Associate Professor) for his efforts in coordinating with my work and
guiding in right direction.

I escalate a heartfelt regards to our Institution Director [Prof. Pankaj Singh] for giving me the
essential hand in concluding this work.

It would be injustice to proceed without acknowledging those vital supports I received from my
beloved classmates and friends, without whom I would have been half done.

I also use this space to offer my sincere love to my parents and all others who had been there,
helping me walk through this work.

Alpana Yadav
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Sl No. Topics Page No

1 Certificate

2 Acknowledgment

3 Introduction

4 summary

5 Current Status of Publications Related to Smart Helmet


Research by Year and Source
6 Application Fields of Smart Helmet Research
7 Sensors Used for Smart Helmet Applications

8 Types of Microcontroller Used in Smart Helmets

9 Types of Wireless Communication Technology Used in


Smart Helmet Studies
10 Feature

11 Methodology
11.1 Research Methodology

11.2 Preliminary data mining

11.3 Statistical model


11.4 Primary validation

12 Data Collection Matrix

13 INDUSTRY ANALYSIS MATRIX


14 MARKET ANALYSIS

14.1 INDIAN HELMET MARKET

14.2
INDIAN HELMET MARKET SEGMENTATION
14.3 Market Segement

14.4 INDIAN HELMET MARKET DYNAMIC


14.5 INITIATIVES PROMOTING ADOPTION OF HELMET

14.6
RECENT TREND IN INDIAN HELMET MARKET:
14.7 COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS

15.1 GLOBAL MARKET ANALYSIS

15.2 Type Insights:

15.3 Report Coverage & Deliverables

15.4 Component Insights

15.5 End-Use Insights

15.6 Regional Insights

15.7 Key Companies & Market Share Insights

15.8 Segments Covered in the Report:

16 SWOT Analysis

17 Business plan

18 FINANCIAL Sub-PLAN:

19 WHERE TO SELL

20 Airheads: World's first integrated airbag helmet unveiled


by airoh
21 REFRENCE
INTRODUCTION
SUMMARY:

A wearable (electronic) device is a smart electronic device that can be planted on the body
or worn with accessories. Since Google recently launched its head-mounted
display, wearable devices have garnered a significant amount of attention [1]. Wearable
devices have been able to take an important position in the home appliance market in a short
period and are considered a new means of meeting the requirements of many industries. For
example, the construction industry has studied the use of wearable devices in the workplace
for health and safety management by close detection and physiological monitoring of
construction workers [2]. The logistics industry has begun using wearable barcode scanner
gloves to simplify work that does not involve hand use [3]. Some insurance companies
encourage healthy eating habits and use wearable devices to improve the health of corporate
workers [4].
There are different types of smart wearable devices, such as helmets, watches, glasses,
contact lenses, textiles, fabrics, headbands, beanies, caps, rings, bracelets, and earrings [5].
Among these, this study focused on smart helmets. Smart helmets include multiple electronic
devices and sensors that help users gather real-time data and assist them in reducing
operational risks and improving safety in the long run. The global smart helmet market size
was valued at USD 372.4 million in 2018 and is expected to expand at a compound annual
growth rate of 18.6% from 2019 to 2025 [6].
Research on smart helmet applications is being conducted in various fields to improve safety
and efficiency of motorcyclists [7] and workers [8][9]. For example, Singh et al. [7] studied the
application of smart helmets to detect portholes and collect air quality data on roads. Wang
et al. [8] detected stair fall by analyzing changes in weight support and pressure center using
a smart helmet, and Mohammed et al. [9] used smart helmets to prevent the spread of
coronavirus by measuring the body temperature and personal information of pedestrians.
Like some of the examples mentioned earlier, many studies related to the development and
application of smart helmets have been reported in the
literature [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][
48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][

; however, no systematic review has been


91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109]

conducted to analyze the current status and trends of smart helmet research.
The purpose of this study was to review the current status and trends of smart helmet
research systematically. The current status of smart helmet research by year and application
field were investigated by analyzing 103 academic research articles published in the past 11
years (2009–2020). The types of sensors, microcontrollers, and wireless communication
technology were analyzed to identify the trends in smart helmet studies.

2. Current Status of Publications Related to Smart


Helmet Research by Year and Source
The number of publications on smart helmets during the past 11 years is shown in Figure 2.
In the first seven years (2009–2015), there were limited articles, with an average of 1.28
articles per year. In the next two years (2016 and 2017), the average number of publications
increased to 8.5. In 2018, the number of publications more than doubled from the previous
year’s average, surging to 21 publications. In 2019, there were 27 publications, and, in 2020,
the number of publications was 29, making it the highest number for a year overall. The
average number of publications in the last three years (2018–2020) was 25.6, which is nearly
three times higher than the average number of publications in 2016 and 2017. Therefore,
research on smart helmets has been extremely active recently. Additionally, the sources of
publications were academic journals (55.3%) and conference proceedings (44.7%).

Figure 1. Number of publications related to smart helmet research by (a) year and (b)
source of publications.
3. Application Fields of Smart Helmet Research
The current status of smart helmet studies in each application field was analyzed to
determine which fields were studying and utilizing smart helmets the most. The smart
helmet applications were organized in two stages to observe the classification at a glance. In
the first stage, the studies were classified into two categories (i.e., motorcyclists and
workers) according to users of smart helmets. In the second stage, detailed application fields
were added below the first stage, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 3 shows the cumulative
number of publications on smart helmets during the past 11 years in the first stage of the
classification criteria. As shown, studies on smart helmets for motorcyclists and workers
have been increasing every year; however, the rate of increase is relatively faster for
motorcyclists. This indicates that research on smart helmets for workers must be
accelerated.
Figure 2. Classification of application fields in smart helmet studies.
Figure 3. Cumulative number of publications by year in bike, occupational safety, disaster
prevention, and medicine fields.
The applications of smart helmets for motorcyclists consist of 81 studies that account for the
largest number of
publications [7][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][
46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80]. These
applications can be classified into four subcategories: start control, accident prevention,
rescue request, and convenience improvement. Some studies fall under more than one
subcategory when the developed smart helmet is used for various purposes by
motorcyclists. Figure 4 shows the percentage of studies according to the subcategory. Note
that most smart helmets for motorcyclists have been developed for the start control of
motorcycles (42.3%) and rescue requests in the case of an accident (39.2%).

Figure 4. Percentage of smart helmet studies for motorcyclists by sub-category.


The application fields include mining, construction, petrochemistry, disaster prevention, and
medical treatment. Figure 5 shows the percentage of smart helmet studies conducted in each
application field.

Figure 5. Percentage of smart helmet studies for workers by sub-category.

Table 1. Summary of smart helmet applications for workers in the fields of mining,
construction, petrochemistry, disaster prevention, medical treatment, etc.

In the mining industry, 10 studies were performed on a smart helmet that detects harmful
gases, such as carbon monoxide (CO) and methane (CH4), and guarantees the safety of
workers through rescue requests in the case of a dangerous situation [90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99].
Three studies have been reported in the construction industry, where smart helmets were
primarily used to detect workplace hazards and provide risk alarms to construction
workers [8][100][101]. For example, a safety helmet with gravity and head movement sensors was
used at the construction site to detect a falling worker and activate emergency rescue
requests [8]. Four studies on smart helmets were conducted to support voice communication
between workers and warn them by detecting injuries in general manufacturing
sites [102][103][104][105]. A smart helmet that ensures the safety of workers by warning the
occurrence of harmful gas leaks was developed in the petrochemical industry [106].
Three studies [9][107][108] on smart helmets were found in the medical field to improve the work
efficiency of medical staff and ensure the safety of patients. In this application, a smart
helmet worn by the medical staff was used to detect body temperature and brain waves in
emergency situations [9][107]. A smart helmet was developed for medical staff to detect the
body temperature of a pedestrian in real time. It was used to prevent coronavirus by warning
them through an alarm when discovering a high-temperature pedestrian. Additionally, a
study developed a smart helmet to prevent elderly patients lying in bed from falling [108]. One
study reported in the literature dealt with a smart helmet for disaster prevention [109]. In this
study, the smart helmet was used to support rescue workers at disaster sites.

4. Sensors Used for Smart Helmet Applications


Various sensors are attached to a smart helmet based on the application field and purpose.
Table 2 shows the types of sensors used in smart helmet studies. The sensors can be broadly
classified into three types: human health, environment, and machine monitoring. The
cumulative number of sensor types used in smart helmet studies by year is illustrated in
Figure 6a. The use of sensors to monitor human health is increasing every year. The
frequency of use of environmental monitoring sensors has also increased in recent years.
The percentages of sensor uses for each sensor type are shown in Figure 6b–d. For human
health monitoring, the accident detection sensor accounts for 32%, followed by the helmet
wear detection sensor and alcohol detection sensor with 30% and 27%, respectively. In the
case of environmental monitoring, sensors for harmful gas detection, video shooting, and
temperature detection each account for 23%. For the machine monitoring, the speed
detection sensor occupies 70% and is the most used.
Figure 6. Trend of sensor uses in smart helmet studies. (a) Cumulative number of uses of
sensor types according to year. Usage percentage of sensors for (b) human health
monitoring, (c) environmental monitoring, and (d) machine monitoring.

Table 2. Types of sensor depending on the purpose used in smart helmet studies.
Types of sensor depending on the purpose used in smart helmet studies.

5. Types of Microcontroller Used in Smart Helmets:


Different types of microcontroller have been used to develop smart helmets. By analyzing
103 articles, this study classified the microcontrollers into four categories.
-
Chip modular concept unit (MCU): a single computer chip designed for embedded
applications (e.g., PIC 18F8720) [110]
-
Single-board MCU: a microcontroller built onto a single printed circuit board (e.g.,
Arduino) [111]
-
Single-board computer: a complete computer built on a single circuit board, with
microprocessor(s), memory, input/output, and other features required for a
functional computer (e.g., Raspberry Pi) [112]
-
Smart device: an electronic device, generally connected to other devices or networks
by means of different wireless protocols that can operate to some extent interactively
and autonomously (e.g., smartphone) [113

The number of studies that used each of the four types is presented in Figure 7. Among the
103 articles analyzed in this study, the single-board MCU was the most used (56 studies),
followed by the chip MCU (28 studies). The number of single-board computers and smart
devices used was relatively small (11 and 8 articles, respectively). The use of single-board
MCUs has increased rapidly since 2016. Although there have not been many uses of single-
board computers so far, their use for smart helmets has increased since 2017. The use of
smart devices has been minimal, which is believed to be because of the relatively high cost
compared with other devices.
Figure 7. Cumulative number of microcontrollers used in smart helmet studies by year.
Figure 8 shows the use of sensors according to the type of microcontroller in smart helmet
studies. Accident, helmet wear, and alcohol detection sensors have been frequently used
with the chip MCU and single-board MCU. As shown in Figure 6, the uses of accident, helmet
wear, and alcohol detection sensors make up a large part of smart helmet applications.
Therefore, it is judged that the uses of chip MCU and single-board MCU were rapidly
increased due to the increased development of smart helmets for accident, helmet wear, and
alcohol detections. In the case of using a sensor that processes a large amount of data such
as video shooting, it can be seen that a single-board computer or a smart device is being used.
If the use of sensors based on images or videos increases in smart helmet studies, the single-
board computers or smart devices are expected to be used more as microcontrollers.
Figure 8. Number of uses by sensor and microcontroller types in smart helmet studies.

6. Types of Wireless Communication Technology Used


in Smart Helmet Studies
The data obtained from smart helmets can be transmitted to other smart devices or cloud
servers using several wireless communication technologies. Of the 103 articles, 88 reported
studies that used wireless communication technology, such as RF, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and
Zigbee for this purpose, whereas the remaining did not. Figure 9 shows the cumulative
number of uses of wireless communication technology by year for sharing data from smart
helmets. According to the analysis results, RF and Bluetooth were the most commonly used,
and the number of uses has been increasing rapidly since 2015. Zigbee has been used for the
longest time; however, its usage has not increased significantly until recently.
Figure 9. Cumulative number of wireless communication technologies used in smart helmet
studies by year.

The reason why RF and Bluetooth are used frequently is related to the microcontroller used
in smart helmet applications. Until now, the chip MCU and single-board MCU have been
mainly used for smart helmet development, and these two types of microcontrollers often
use RF and Bluetooth as shown in Figure 10. In the future, as the use of single-board
computers increases, the frequency of use of Wi-Fi is expected to increase. In addition, the
uses of Bluetooth and Wi-Fi may increase when the use of smart devices increases in smart
helmet studies.

Figure 10. Number of uses by wireless communication technology and microcontroller


types in smart helmet studies
FEATURES

Enhanced Safety Mode and Helmet Wear Detection


The Smart subsystems automatically detect whether or not you're wearing the helmet, and
will only activate functionalities on proper wear. Get ready to stay safer on the road, all
while having a better ride!

Gesture/Touch Enabled Functions


No more looking down at mobile mounts, or squeezing your phone under your helmet when
riding. Accept and reject calls, get notifications and send messages, all from inside the
helmet itself, with a single swipe. Trigger Google Assistant effortlessly, and be on your way!
Easy Audio Navigation
Never look away from the road to check directions again. Get turn by turn, two-wheeler
specific voice navigation carried to you directly, all within your helmet. Ride along and
never miss a right turn!

Fast Bluetooth Connectivity


No messy connections. Simply pair your helmet once, and watch it connect automatically
with your phone through power-saving BLE technology as soon as you switch it on! What's
more, regular over-the-air upgrades make your experience an ever evolving one.
Safe Ride Leaderboard

Premium Unispeaker Audio


We know how much of a difference great audio can make, so we worked on it. Enjoy
seamless echo cancellation and noise reduction, all while concentrating audio to a single
side so as to not disrupt your road awareness.
Emergency S.O.S
In trouble on the road? A single click can send an emergency alert and your location to
your contacts in seconds.

Accident Detection & Alerts

Our patented accident detection technology lets your helmet detect any accidents or
impacts you may have, and immediately relay the location and time of the incident to your
emergency contacts. We intend to ensure that safety is never compromised on.
Extended Battery Life
10-40 hours of an uninterrupted smart helmet experience awaits you. As we develop further,
our OTA upgrades will make your application more and more efficient as well, to better
battery life. Join us on the road!

Research Methodology:

Grand View Research employs comprehensive and iterative research methodology focused
on minimizing deviance in order to provide the most accurate estimates and forecast
possible. The company utilizes a combination of bottom-up and top-down approaches for
segmenting and estimating quantitative aspects of the market. In Addition, a recurring theme
prevalent across all our research reports is data triangulation that looks market from three
different perspectives. Critical elements of methodology employed for all our studies
include:

Preliminary data mining:

Raw market data is obtained and collated on a broad front. Data is continuously filtered to
ensure that only validated and authenticated sources are considered. In addition, data is also
mined from a host of reports in our repository, as well as a number of reputed paid
databases. For comprehensive understanding of the market, it is essential to understand the
complete value chain and in order to facilitate this; we collect data from raw material
suppliers, distributors as well as buyers.
Technical issues and trends are obtained from surveys, technical symposia and trade
journals. Technical data is also gathered from intellectual property perspective, focusing on
white space and freedom of movement. Industry dynamics with respect to drivers,
restraints, pricing trends are also gathered. As a result, the material developed contains a
wide range of original data that is then further cross-validated and authenticated with
published sources.

Statistical model:

Our market estimates and forecasts are derived through simulation models. A unique model
is created customized for each study. Gathered information for market dynamics, technology
landscape, application development and pricing trends is fed into the model and analyzed
simultaneously. These factors are studied on a comparative basis, and their impact over the
forecast period is quantified with the help of correlation, regression and time series analysis.
Market forecasting is performed via a combination of economic tools, technological analysis,
and industry experience and domain expertise.
Econometric models are generally used for short-term forecasting, while technological
market models are used for long-term forecasting. These are based on an amalgamation of
technology landscape, regulatory frameworks, economic outlook and business principles. A
bottom-up approach to market estimation is preferred, with key regional markets analyzed
as separate entities and integration of data to obtain global estimates. This is critical for a
deep understanding of the industry as well as ensuring minimal errors. Some of the
parameters considered for forecasting include:

• Market drivers and restrains, along with their current and expected impact

• Raw material scenario and supply v/s price trends

• Regulatory scenario and expected developments

• Current capacity and expected capacity additions up to 2025

We assign weights to these parameters and quantify their market impact using weighted
average analysis, to derive an expected market growth rate.

Primary validation:
This is the final step in estimating and forecasting for our reports. Exhaustive primary
interviews are conducted, on face to face as well as over the phone to validate our findings
and assumptions used to obtain them. Interviewees are approached from leading companies
across the value chain including suppliers, technology providers, domain experts and buyers
so as to ensure a holistic and unbiased picture of the market. These interviews are conducted
across the globe, with language barriers overcome with the aid of local staff and interpreters.
Primary interviews not only help in data validation, but also provide critical insights into the
market, current business scenario and future expectations and enhance the quality of our
reports. All our estimates and forecast are verified through exhaustive primary research
with Key Industry Participants (KIPs) which typically include:

• Market leading companies

• Raw material supplier

• Product distributors

• Buyers

The key objectives of primary research are as follows:

• To validate our data in terms of accuracy and acceptability

• To gain an insight in to the current market and future expectations

Data Collection Matrix:

Perspective Primary research Secondary research


Supply side • Manufacturers • Company reports and
• Technology distributors publications
and wholesalers • Government publications
• Independent investigations
• Economic and
demographic data
Demand side • End-user surveys • Case studies
• Consumer surveys • Reference customers
• Mystery shopping

INDUSTRY ANALYSIS MATRIX:

Qualitative analysis Quantitative analysis


• Industry landscape and trends • Market revenue estimates and forecast up to
• Market dynamics and key issues 2025
• Technology landscape • Market revenue estimates and forecasts up
• Market opportunities to 2025, by technology
• Porter’s analysis and PESTEL analysis • Market revenue estimates and forecasts up
• Competitive landscape and component to 2025, by application
benchmarking • Market revenue estimates and forecasts up
• Policy and regulatory scenario to 2025, by type
• Market revenue estimates and forecasts up
to 2025, by component
• Regional market revenue forecasts, by
technology
• Regional market revenue forecasts, by
application
• Regional market revenue forecasts, by type
• Regional market revenue forecasts, by
component

MARKET ANALYSIS:

INDIAN HELMET MARKET:


Two-wheeler helmets are used by motorcycle and scooter riders. The primary goal of
two-wheeler helmet is to protect the rider’s head during impact, thereby preventing or
reducing head injury and saving the rider’s life.

India being the worlds biggest two-wheeler market is also the biggest market for
scooter and motorcycle helmets. There are 20 Million two-wheelers sold annually and
more than 250 Million two-wheeler plying on Indian roads.Therefore, India helmet
market is worlds biggest.

India being the world’s biggest two-wheeler market is also the biggest market for
scooter and motorcycle helmets. After sales reached a peak in 2018 with 21 Million
unit sales, the sales dropped for 2 straight years drastically and ended at 18.5 M units
in 2019 and 13.9M units in 2020. There are more than 250 Million two-wheelers
playing on Indian roads. Therefore, India helmet market is worlds biggest.

The two-wheeler sales in India during the financial year 2021 declined to 15.12 million
units, a drop from all -time high of 21 million units sold in FY-2019.

After the first 6 months in 2021, the 2 wheeler sales in India increased by 32% Y-o-Y to
6.7M units.

The helmet sales across the country has increased at a CAGR of 10% till the year 2019.
The market is estimated to grow at the rate of CAGR XX% from the fiscal year 2022-
2030.

On an average there are 500,000 road accidents on Indian road deaths per annum
and more than 30% involve two-wheeler riders, therefore there has been growing
emphasis on helmet legislation by many state governments in India.

Due to growing road fatalities, and below par road infrastructure in India, now many
state governments have made helmets compulsory for rider as well as pillions. There
has also been other initiatives like the Tamil Nadu government enforcing an old
Motor Vehicle rule which says two wheeler companies must also supply BIS
compliant helmets to their customers.

INDIAN HELMET MARKET SEGMENTATION:


In India, wide range of helmets are on sale including type, color’s, graphics, designs,
and level of safety.

However, there are basically three types of helmets:

1. Full-face
2. Open-face
3. Modular
INDIAN HELMET MARKET DYNAMICS:

Most of the helmets, before being sold, pass through a strict set of standard
guidelines. India has its own set of guidelines for helmets, set up by Bureau of Indian
standards (BIS). Those helmets which comply with the above Standards get an ‘ISI’
certification sticker, usually seen on the back of the helmet. There are also other
brands with international standards certification such as DOT, ECE & SNELL available
in India.

In recent years, two-wheeler manufacturers have also started retailing their own line
of helmets. Royal Enfield and Vespa already have their own line of helmets and now
electric scooter startup , Ather Energy will also launch its “Smart” and Bluetooth
connected helmets.

INITIATIVES PROMOTING ADOPTION OF HELMET :

The Government of India’s Ministry of Transportation in November 2020 has issued a


no-sale memorandum for helmets not complying with BIS standards. The helmets
that do not comply with BIS standards will not be sold in the country after June 2021.
The Maharashtra government in Nashik has also launched a NO helmet NO petrol
policy in order to encourage people to use helmets as a means of safety.

The Japanese automaker Toyota has donated 525 helmets to the State Traffic Police
of Karnataka to instill the message of road safety in the citizens of the state.

The company Steel bird has partnered with FIA for the global road safety initiative.
The partnership will facilitate the deployment of helmets for people using
motorcycles that meet with the safety standards set up by the UN and are
comfortable to wear in hot and humid climates. The company has committed to
produce 240,000 helmets per year for the initiative .
RECENT TREND IN INDIAN HELMET MARKET:

• In June 2021, the company Proxgy has launched its series of smart helmets that
provide customers with immersive and live access to travel destinations. It surfs in
real time locations using 6-axis stabilized handsfree streaming technology.

• As of April 2021, the prime helmet and accessories manufacturer Studds introduced 3
new helmets to be sold in India. The new helmets are the Studds Ninja Elite Super D5
Decor, Urban Super D1 Decor and the Ninja Elite Super D4 Decor with improved
strength and reliability as well as enhanced design.

• Studds announced the launch of its new Jade D3 Decor Helmet in February 2021 with
UV resistant paint available in six different colours as well as two finish options. It
also launched the Thunder D7 Decor helmet providing higher full face impact
capabilities.

• The company Studds Helmets has announced a focus shift in the research and
development of helmets incorporated with camera and bluet ooth enabled by IoT and
make it a smart helmet.

• Studds Accessories Ltd. has announced partnership with Rajasthan Royal to be their
associate sponsor for the IPL held in the years 2021 and 2022 where they will provide
the team with helmets and caps.

• In May 2021, Steelbird launched new Pod helmets in India in collaboration with Blauer,
a company based in the US. The helmet is boasted with a fiberglass shell to meet the
European as well as the Indian safety standards.

• Steelbird recently launched the Air Sba01 Dashing white clear visor helmet as well as
the Brat series in collaboration with Blauer in April of 2021. The new Brat series is set
to offer innovative features and meet safety standards according to the Indian as well
as European standards.

• In January 2021, the company Detel which makes affordable mobile handsets, TVs and
electric two-wheelers announced the launch of its economical and affordable helmets
with BIS certification as a part of the road safety initiative.

• In September 2020, an 18-year old boy from Kerala developed a smart helmet
which has sensors embedded in the helmet connected to the vehicle via an
application. The vehicle can not start without putting the helmet on, he has
developed this helmet in attempts to reduce the number of accidents.

• The Italian design company Pininfarina has collaborated with the company
Roux to develop water cooling technology for helmets designed for the racing
circuit.

COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS:

The competitive landscape of the India helmet market is highly fragmented with
unorganized players accounting for more than 2/3rd of the market. The helmets
manufactured by regional vendors are of low quality and often sold by street vendors
at less than 300 INR($5).

As of July 2021, there are more than 200 helmet manufacturers in India and less than
10% of them comply with safety standards. In the organized segment, Steelbird is the
market leader.

Steelbird, STUDDS and Vega are among the most sought after helmet brands in India.
We look at their recent developments below:
• Steelbird helmets registered 80 percent growth in sales in April-June quarter
of 2019 Y-O-Y. The company has three plants, with a manufacturing capacity of
22,000 units per day and aims to increase the production to 44,500 helmets
per day. Their helmets are, priced between Rs.899($13) to Rs.12,999($185).It has
set up a new manufacturing plant in Jammu & Kashmir and invested $22M in
the manufacturing plant in Baddi, Himachal Pradesh.

The company has launched approximately 278 new helmets under different
categories with the most recent as the Steelbird Air Sba01 Dashing White clear visor
helmet.

• STUDDS helmets has initiated talks with private equity investors to raise
$15M ahead of a planned initial public offering (IPO).It`s fourth manufacturing
plant will start operations in January 2020 and the company aims to increase
its market presence pan-India.

The company has manufactured 6.65 million helmets during the fiscal year ending in
March 2020, making it the largest manufacturer of helmets in the world. It constitutes
a total share of 25.66% in the Indian market. The company has started operation at its
new facility in Faridabad, Haryana. The company made an investment of INR 160 crores
initially in the facility which is spread over 5.5 acres, making it the biggest helmet
manufacturing facility in Asia.

The company has also started operations at another manufacturing unit which is
India’s only unit to produce EPS in-house used in helmet production. The plant has an
investment of INR 40 crores spread over 1.5 acres. These new plants have a production
capacity of 7.5 million units of helmets for two-wheelers and 1.5 million helmets for
bicycles per year.

• Vega Auto Accessories Pvt. Ltd, has three manufacturing plants, two in
Uttarakhand and one in Belgaum manufacturing a total of 12,000 helmets per
day. It is also the leading helmet exporter from India and exports about 40% of
its production to Europe and US markets.

There has been growing interest in riding gears and accessories in upscale markets
like Bangalore, Mumbai and Hyderabad, and thus many helmet companies are looking
at expanding in this segment to come out with a customized range of riding gears.
GLOBAL MARKET ANALYSIS:

The global smart helmet market size was valued at USD 372.4 million in 2018 and is expected
to expand at a CAGR of 18.6% from 2019 to 2025. Smart helmets include multiple electronic
devices and sensors that help users to gather real-time data and assist them in reducing
operational risks and improving safety in the long run.

To
learn more about this report, request a free sample copy
These helmets are rapidly gaining popularity among bicyclists and motorcyclists for enhanced
security, safety, and comfort. They are also being widely used in various sporting events as well
as for military and firefighting purposes. Factors such as stringent road safety regulations laid
down by governments, growing adoption of advanced wearable technology, and awareness
regarding personal safety are expected to drive the demand.

Increased focus on reducing the use of mobile phones while riding has created a major
opportunity for the development and commercialization of innovative, feature-rich, and
advanced smart helmets. Growing product adoption by bike riders coupled with increasing
sales of motorbikes is anticipated to create significant growth opportunities for the market in
near future.

Key market players are also actively focusing on product innovations and improvement
strategies. For instance, companies are using impact detection sensors with carbon fiber and
re-enforced fiberglass for weight reduction, enhanced connectivity, and real-time transfer of
information.

The integration of video recording cameras and advanced sensors, such as optical heart-rate
sensors and accelerometers, has enabled users to effectively monitor their vital statistics and
surroundings. However, the high price of smart helmets, high investments in product research
and development, concerns regarding vision distraction, and lack of awareness regarding the
benefits and safety features are some of the major factors that may hinder the growth of the
smart helmet market over the forecast period. To overcome these challenges, manufacturers
are focusing on raising awareness about the functionalities of smart helmets through various
forms of digital media.

Type Insights:

Based on types, the market has been classified into the full face, half face, and hard hat. The full-
face helmet currently dominates the global market and is expected to emerge as the fastest-
growing segment over the forecast period. It accounted for approximately 57.1% of the global
market share in 2018, on account of increasing penetration and adoption of smart helmets by
bike riders. Additionally, increasing the use of the product in adventure sports is expected to
drive their adoption over the forecast period.

The hard hat segment is expected to witness significant growth over the forecast period owing
to the increasing demand in industrial manufacturing, mining, and construction industries in
North America and Europe. The core features of smart hard hats used in the manufacturing and
mining sectors include the identification of harmful gas leakages, real-time location tracking,
and analysis of health vitals of users. The objective of these helmets is to ensure enhanced
safety for workers operating in challenging environments.

Report Coverage & Deliverables:

PDF report & online dashboard will help you understand:

• Competitive benchmarking
• Historical data & forecasts
• Company revenue shares
• Regional opportunities
• Latest trends & dynamics

Click on image to enlarge


Component Insights:

Based on components, the market has been classified into communication, navigation, camera,
and others. The communication segment accounted for a major market share in 2018.
However, the navigation segment is expected to emerge as the fastest-growing segment over
the forecast period. Smart helmets offer features such as navigation, positioning, and tracking
with the use of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS).

To help riders keep track of their blind spots, companies are integrating wide-angle High
Definition (HD) cameras on the rear of the unit to provide a live rear-view vision of the road on
a small thumb-sized eyepiece known as Head-Up Display (HUD). The HUD also displays GPS-
enabled navigation maps, which negates the need for riders to use their phones for navigation
purposes. This enables them to stay focused on the road and prevent distractions. The HUD
also displays information such as fuel level status, weather conditions, and bike speed.

Smart helmets include an integrated Bluetooth technology-based audio system that enables
riders to answer phone calls on the go. Companies are also working on installing sensors into
the helmets to identify air pollution level. On the detection of high air pollution levels, these
sensors activate the air purifier and cooling fan to filter and cool the air. Besides, the helmets
have integrated rechargeable lithium-ion batteries to enable uninterrupted operations for a
longer duration. Companies such as Intelligent Cranium Helmets LLC are also working on
developing charge on-the-go technology to provide enhanced operating convenience to users.

End-Use Insights:

Based on end-use, the market has been categorized into consumer, manufacturing,
construction, and others. The consumer end-use segment accounted for a significant market
share in 2018 and is also expected to continue leading the market over the forecast period
owing to growing safety concerns coupled with rising sales of 2-wheelers.

A smart helmet is an effective safety technology that helps enhance situational awareness and
road safety. In the consumer segment, smart helmets are rapidly gaining popularity mainly due
to product features such as integrated communication systems, real-time navigation, and
enhanced safety.

To

learn more about this report, request a free sample copy


Smart helmets are also witnessing increased adoption by cyclists for monitoring workout,
tracking calorie consumption, and measuring the heart rate. They have the capability of
connecting to smartphones via Bluetooth to monitor and analyze the statistics. Rising
awareness regarding road safety and adoption of next-generation technologies such
as Augmented Reality (AR) in the manufacturing industry is expected to drive demand in end-
use verticals such as manufacturing, construction, and energy sectors over the forecast period.

Regional Insights:

North America is currently leading the market on account of high disposable income, increased
awareness, and stringent regulations. Safety standards such as the United States Department of
Labor - Occupational Safety and Health Administration standards and Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE) at work regulations are anticipated to further boost the growth. The U.S. and
Europe markets are relatively mature and consumers in these regions tend to be the early
adopters of emerging technologies. As a result, the regional markets are expected to witness
higher product demand as well as hold major market shares.
Meanwhile, Asia Pacific is expected to emerge as the fastest-growing regional market for smart
helmets over the forecast period. Increasing sales of two-wheelers, rapid urbanization in
developing economies such as India and China and the growing manufacturing sector in the
region are expected to be the major growth drivers for the regional market.

Key Companies & Market Share Insights:

Key market players include Nand Logic Corp.; Lifebeam Technologies Ltd.; Forcite Helmet
System Pvt. Ltd.; Fusar Technologies Inc.; 360fly Inc.; Daqri LLC; Jarvish Inc.; Sena Technologies
Inc.; Babaali; and Jager HelmX Smart Helmets.
Companies are focusing on enhancing the functionalities of smart helmets through product
innovation, development of integrated communication, and navigation solutions in an attempt
to meet customer expectations. The market is currently in the introduction phase and emerging
players are concentrating on integrating multiple next-generation technologies such as Head-
Up-Display (HUD), sensor integration, Augmented Reality (AR), and Internet of Things (IoT) to
expand their product portfolio, customer base, and geographical presence.
Companies such as Sena Technologies Inc.; Fusar Technologies Inc.; and Daqri LLC have gained
major market shares owing to their strong and innovative R&D capabilities. These companies
mainly focus on product innovations and the development of a well-established global network
of partners in various countries such as the U.S., India, China, and Brazil.

Smart Helmet Market Report Scope


Report Attribute Details
Market size value in 2020 USD 516.3 million
Revenue forecast in 2025 USD 1,208.4 million
Growth Rate CAGR of 18.6% from 2019 to 2025
Base year for estimation 2018
Historical data 2017
Forecast period 2019 – 2025
Quantitative units Revenue in USD million and CAGR from 2019 to 2025
Revenue forecast, company ranking, competitive landscape,
Report coverage
growth factors, and trends
Segments covered Type, component, end use, and region.
North America; Europe; Asia Pacific; South America; Middle
Regional scope
East & Africa
Country scope U.S.; Canada; UK; Germany; India; Japan; China; Brazil.
Nand Logic Corp.; Lifebeam Technologies Ltd.; Forcite Helmet
System Pvt. Ltd.; Fusar Technologies Inc.; 360fly Inc.; Daqri
Key companies profiled
LLC; Jarvish Inc.; Sena Technologies Inc.; Babaali; and Jager
HelmX Smart Helmets.
Free report customization (equivalent up to 8 analysts’ working
Customization scope days) with purchase. Addition or alteration to country, regional &
segment scope.
Pricing and purchase options Avail customized purchase options to meet your exact research
needs. Explore purchase options

Segments Covered in the Report:

This report forecasts revenue growth at global, regional, and country levels and provides
an analysis of the latest industry trends in each of the sub-segments from 2019 to 2025. For
this study, Grand View Research has segmented the global smart helmet market report
based on type, component, end-use, and region:

• Type Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2017 - 2025)

o Full Face
o Half Face
o Hard Hat

• Component Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2017 - 2025)

o Communication
o Navigation
o Camera
o Others

• End-Use Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2017 - 2025)

o Consumer
o Manufacturing
SWOT Analysis:
A SWOT analysis is a tool, used in management and strategy formulation. It can help to
identify the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats of a particular company.

Strengths and weaknesses are internal factors that create value or destroy value. They can
include assets, skills, or resources that a company has at its disposal, compared to its
competitors. They can be measured using internal assessments or external benchmarking.

Opportunities and threats are external factor that create value or destroy value. A company
cannot control them. But they emerge from either the competitive dynamics of the
industry/market or from demographic, economic, political, technical, social, legal or cultural
factors Strength

Strength:

➢ Vega Helmet has got good brand image in India as well as in foreign market.

➢ Vegas products are high quality and follows latest unique styles.

➢ Effective participation of management.

➢ The company has good export capability for foreign markets

➢ Elegant marketing of products through Auto shows, Auto magazine, Hoardings, internet

Weakness:

➢ Absence of skilled labor.

➢ High labor turnover.

➢ Less concentration on domestic market.

➢ No definite selection and recruitment procedure.


Opportunities:

➢ Good tie-up with motorcycles manufactures or dealers.

➢ Adapt e-marketing technique to increase the sales volume.

➢ The domestic market is still untapped; company can focus in improving market share
here

Threats:

➢ The major threat for the company is from local manufactures, who sell the helmet at half
rate when compared to Vega helmets.

➢ Government repealing the order of compulsory helmet wearing.

➢ Foreign companies are trying to enter the Indian market

Business plan:
Ones that we have done our market research and find a market niche which we think that it can
be successful we should figure out how we are going to build this project up from the beginning.

The very first question that we should ask ourselves to start a business plan is:

Is my business idea feasible?

Obviously, if I have thought that this business idea was not visable I wouldn’t be writing this right
now but, why I see a profitable future in this business?

Well my point in here is the same strategy that any other security system, really simple, How
much it cost your life? Because that is what I will be selling, safety.

. Having this strategy and previously knowing that our final manufacture price is not going to be
high, definitely I think that this idea is completely feasible.

The second question that we should ask ourselves is:


Why I am doing this?

First of all to say that this idea came to me from Delta AB and through MDH University,
nonetheless since the first time that I heard about it I completely get involved into it, first because
I love motorbikes since I am a child, my dad use to have one and I have had one since I am sixteen
years old (an small one obviously) but still, I have been always rounded of motorcycles.

Secondly and more important, about three years ago I had an accident in a bridge driving my
motorbike when all of the sudden one of the cars skipped a stop signal in the junction just in front
of me.

I didn’t have time to break at all so I crashed with the driver door breaking the window with my
helmet and flying flipping my body till the top of the car where I finished sit down.

After a few minutes and ones that I was in the floor waiting for the ambulance I realised that the
car that it was behind me it was stopped just a couple of metres from the car involved in the
accident which means that it could be much worse if the other driver hadn’t had time to break
after me.
This “not really good “experience was the first thought to come to my mind when I heard about
the project due to that car behind me in the accident.

FINANCIAL Sub-PLAN:
The very next step would be how to get the financial support needed to be able to build up the
company.
I have some possible financing ways in mind that I think we should study: -

Government Support:

We have the advantage of making a project that could change the number of accidents per year
in every country, thus we could try to apply for government money support to build this product
up.

Bank Loan:
Classic example of financing where we just take a loan of the amount of money that we need to
start our project. Personally I would discard this option due to the fact that the loan standards
have gotten much stricter in the last years.

Online Lending:
Recently, online lending services such as OnDeck and Kabbage have become a popular
alternative to traditional business loans. Online lenders have the advantage of speed. An
application takes only up to an hour to complete and a decision and the accompanying fundscan
be issued within days. In contrast, the traditional loan process can take weeks, or even months.

SBA Loan:
We have some advantages applying to a Small Business Administration Loan from a Bank or Loan
company, however, in order to qualify a small business we should meet the government’s
definition of a small business or even more criteria depending of the type of loan.

Factoring:

Basically factoring consist in selling our receivables at a discount to get cash up-front. We could
sell these receivables to “Factors” or companies that want to get profits buying them. So in our
case we would sell our material and manufacture invoices to these Factors paying them with a
20% interest in three months for example (when we already get paid of the firsts sales).

- Product presales:
We specially don’t have a big period of manufacture so one of the best financing propositions
will be to presale our products to companies or customers who are interested in be the first sub-
seller in get our product. –

Angel Investors
These days are full of examples of entrepreneurs that got his money attracting an Angel Investor
nonetheless to be able to do it we should have a competitive analysis and a solid market and
sales plans, even if we are a young company we should demonstrate our complete knowledge
about the market around us.

Winning a contest:
One of the first ideas that came to my mind when I start thinking about financing my project was
to present the product to different product development contest where first, they give money to
the winners and second and even more important, I could attract the attention of some future
investors. –

Crowdfunding:
Last but not least at all I have done some research in Crowdfunding options where through
webpages like Kickstarter and Indiegogo I could present the idea and the project to attract some
investors in a delimited period of time. One of the rules of this kind of webpages is to define since
the beginning how much money do we need, the time to have it change depending of the start-
up

WHERE TO SELL

At this point we should discuss about where and how to manage the sales of our product.

The first topic that we have to discuss is about online versus face to face sales.

We all know that it’s always better to view on live the product which we are going to spend our
money on, however we have the advantage that our customers don’t necessary have to touch or
view our device on live to know that it’s going to work properly in their helmets due to we are
assuring them that it will work perfectly in all different kind of helmets, because of this, we have
a huge online market to develop.

Now I am going to define all the different ways to sell our product:

- ONLINE:

Our own webpage hiring a distribution company. Nowadays is really easy to create a simple
webpage where we could offer our product to our customers with the condition of paying a little
extra to contrast the shipment costs. One of the first steps to take care of would be the hiring of
the distribution company responsible of the product shipment, we have an entire catalogue of
transport companies which we could hire and even better, we have the possibility of use more
than one depending of the shipment cost that they offer. o Selling it in generic accessories and
motorbike stuff webpages. One of our biggest challenge in terms of sales plan will be to contact
as much possible agent companies as we can due to they are the best way in my opinion to start
selling a product like this one from the beginning for on big reason, they already have the
customer attention so they will work as a big first connection between us and our future
customers.

IN STORE:
Agreements with helmet brands to sell our device in their stores.

Talking about the search of agent companies who could connect us to our new customers, What
if we could have the possibility of offering our product to someone who is going to buy a new
helmet? They could sell it like one accessory more, but the real purpose of these agreements
would be to start bringing our product to the street.

o Agreements with motorbikes brands to sell it in authorised dealers.

As same as the previous agreements we could have our product in motorbike brands
merchandising accessories.

Agreements with vehicles maintenance centers.

Another agent option would be to contact with maintenance centres with high motorcycle riders
attention where they have sales area

Airheads: World's first integrated airbag helmet unveiled by airoh

Airoh's airbag helmet with the airbag deployed

1 of 5

Airbag systems are nothing new in biking. Once a safety net reserved for the MotoGP
elite, they’re now found in everything from standalone vests to adventure jackets, to
bespoke leathers.
However, Italian company Airoh wants to take this a step further by integrating the
explosive safety technology into a motorcycle helmet – revealing a striking prototype
model at this year’s Milan show in early November.

“Since the birth of our company 25 years ago we have always focused on safety,” said
CEO and founder Antonio Locatelli. “This obsession has led to the development of the
helmet with an integrated airbag.”

The design has been produced in collaboration with Swedish safety firm Autoliv, which
has been developing safety products for 70 years – previously working on airbag vests,
plus inflatable solutions to be integrated into the front of motorcycles.

Their research is said to have saved 35,000 lives in 2021, with 44% of all cars featuring
Autoliv products.

President and CEO of Autoliv, Mikael Bratt, added: “To substantially reduce the number
of rider injuries and fatalities, we need to take a holistic approach.
“Our insights into crash data, biomechanics and tools for injury assessment, in
combination with expertise from Airoh is an opportunity to enhance head protection and
save more lives.”

The collaboration is inspired by the work of young Italian engineer Roberta Descrovi,
who studied the idea of airbag integration in helmets during her studies at Sheffield
Hallam University.

The prototype design is the result of multiple virtual crash simulations to produce both
structural and biomechanical evaluations of the lid in an impact – known as CAE tests.

This began in 2020 and was followed up with physical impact testing to help improve
elements of the design, airbag coverage, pressure, and volume.
Inflating from the crown of the helmet surrounding the central air vents, the bag is
electronically deployed during an accident – said to provide greater energy absorption
away from the rider’s head than a conventional helmet.

It is deployed via an integrated gas generator using similar tech to what you’d find in
your car’s dashboard, with smaller sections of the outer shell designed to open and
move, to allow inflation.

Airoh say that they want to be able to do this without sacrificing the external features a
rider would come to expect from a modern helmet, with the added challenge of reaching
the latest ECE22.06 safety standards both before and after an airbag deployment.

According to data provided by Autoliv, the probability of serious injury due to a skull
fracture is reduced by up to half – going from 60% to 30%, however no speed of impact
information has provided in relation to the figure.
REFRENCE:

1. Wrzesińska, N. The use of smart glasses in healthcare—Review. MEDtube Sci. 2


015, 3, 31–34.

2. Choi, B.; Hwang, S.; Lee, S.H. What drives construction workers’ acceptance of
wearable technologies in the workplace? Indoor localization and wearable health
devices for occupational safety and health. Autom. Constr. 2017, 84, 31–41.

3. Audi Uses Wearables in Logistics. Available online: (accessed on 5 February 201


8).

4. TECHZONE360. Available online: (accessed on 20 November 2017).

5. Wright, R.; Keith, L. Wearable Technology: If the Tech Fits, Wear It. J. Electron.
Resour. Med Libr. 2014, 11, 204–216.

6. Grand View Research. Available online: (accessed on 7 October 2020).

7. Singh, V.; Chandna, H.; Upadhyay, N. SmartPPM: An Internet of Things Based S


mart helmet Design for Potholes and Air Pollution Monitoring. EAI Endorsed Tran
s. Internet Things 2019, 5, 1–9.

8. Wang, C.; Kim, Y.; Kim, D.G.; Lee, S.H.; Min, S.D. Smart helmet and Insole Sens
ors for Near Fall Incidence Recognition during Descent of Stairs. Appl. Sci. 2020,
10, 2262.

9. Mohammed, M.N.; Syamsudin, H.; Al-Zubaidi, S.; Yusuf, E. Novel Covid-19 Dete
ction and Diagnosis System Using Iot Based Smart Helmet. Int. J. Psychosoc. R
ehabil. 2020, 24, 2296–2303.

10. Rasli, M.K.A.; Madzhi, N.K.; Johari, J. Smart Helmet with Sensors for Accident Pr
evention. In Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Electrical, Elec
tronics and System Engineering (ICEESE), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 4–5 Decem
ber 2013; pp. 21–26.
11. Vijayan, S.; Govind, V.T.; Mathews, M.; Surendran, S. Alcohol Detection Using S
mart Helmet System. Int. J. Emerg. Technol. Comput. Sci. Electron. 2014, 8, 190
–195.

12. Agarwal, N.; Singh, A.K.; Singh, P.P.; Sahani, R. Smart helmet. Int. Res. J. Eng.
Technol. 2015, 2, 19–22.

13. Gautam, A.S.; Dubey, G.K.; Mishra, M.; Prabhat, M. Smart helmet System. J. Em
erg. Technol. Innov. Res. 2015, 2, 1165–1168.

14. Melcher, V.; Diederichs, F.; Maestre, R.; Hofmann, C.; Nacenta, J.-M.; van Gent,
J.; Kusić, D.; Žagar, B. Smart Vital Signs and Accident Monitoring System for Mot
orcyclists Embedded in Helmets and Garments for Advanced ECall Emergency A
ssistance and Health Analysis Monitoring. Procedia Manuf. 2015, 3, 3208–3213.

15. Chandran, S.; Chandrasekar, S.; Elizabeth, N.E. Konnect: An Internet of Things (
IoT) Based Smart helmet for Accident Detection and Notification. In Proceedings
of the 2016 IEEE Annual India Conference (INDICON), Bangalore, India, 16–18
December 2016; pp. 1–4.

16. Magno, M.; D’Aloia, A.; Polonelli, T.; Spadaro, L.; Benini, L. SHelmet: An Intellige
nt Self-Sustaining Multi Sensors Smart helmet for Bikers. In Sensor Systems and
Software; Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatic
s and Telecommunications Engineering; Magno, M., Ferrero, F., Bilas, V., Eds.;
Springer International Publishing: Cham, Switzerland, 2017; Volume 205, pp. 55–
67.

17. Nikharge, B.J.; Poojary, M.M.; Pooja, T. Smart Helmet—Intelligent Safety for Mot
orcyclist Using Raspberry Pi and Open Cv. Int. Res. J. Eng. Technol. 2016, 3, 58
9–593.

18. Jadhawar, M.; Kandepalli, G.; Kohade, A.; Komati, R. Smart Helmet Safety Syste
m Using Atmega 32. Int. J. Res. Eng. Technol. 2016, 5, 287–289.

19. Kim, J.; Koo, S.E.; Lim, J.Y.; Jin, M.W.; Choi, J.M. Smart Helmet. In Proceedings
of the ICCC 2016 International Conference on Convergence Content, Kunsan, K
orea, 22–27 May 2016; pp. 357–358.

20. Kumar, S.; Srikrishnan, A.; Ravi, S. Cloud Incorporated Smart helmet Integrated
with Two-Wheeler Communication Setup. Int. J. Control. Theory Appl. 2016, 9, 2
51–261.
21. Vashisth, R.; Gupta, S.; Jain, A.; Gupta, S.; Sahil; Rana, P. Implementation and
Analysis of Smart helmet. In Proceedings of the 2017 4th International Conferenc
e on Signal Processing, Computing and Control (ISPCC), Solan, India, 21–23 Se
ptember 2017; pp. 111–117.

22. Varade, A.; Gajbhiye, N.; Panchbhai, A.V.V. Smart Helmet Using GSM and GPS.
Int. Res. J. Eng. Technol. 2017, 04, 1662–1667.

23. Rajput, A.; Saxena, A.; Agarwal, A.; Bhatia, A.; Mishra, A. Smart helmet with Rid
er Safety System. Int. J. Innov. Emerg. Res. Eng. 2017, 4, 52–60.

24. Patel, M.V.A.; Mishra, M.A.; Hiten, M.R.; Prajapati, M.K. Smart helmet. Int. Res. J
. Eng. Technol. 2017, 4, 7–10.

25. Muthiah, M.; Aswin Natesh, V.; Sathiendran, R.K. Smart helmets for Automatic C
ontrol of Headlamps. In Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Sm
art Sensors and Systems (IC-SSS), Bangalore, India, 21–23 December 2015; pp.
1–4.

26. Ahuja, P.; Bhavsar, K. Microcontroller Based Smart helmet Using GSM & GPRS.
In Proceedings of the 2018 2nd International Conference on Trends in Electronic
s and Informatics (ICOEI), Tirunelveli, India, 11–12 May 2018; pp. 1–9.

27. Godwani, P.D.; Dhokrat, A.U.; Kubde, G.D.; Kumbhar, R.R.; Mahajan, R.G. Smar
t helmet for Accident Detection and Navigation. Int. J. Creat. Res. Thoughts 2018
, 6, 788–792.

28. Parameshwari, P.; Pujari, V.; Gadgay, B. Smart Helmet for Accident Prevention. I
nt. Res. J. Eng. Technol. 2018, 5, 368–370.

29. Biswas, J.R.; Kachroo, S.; Chopra, P.; Sharma, S. Development of an App Enabl
ed Smart helmet for Real Time Detection and Reporting of Accidents. In Proceed
ings of the 2018 7th International Conference on Reliability, Infocom Technologie
s and Optimization (Trends and Future Directions (ICRITO), Noida, India, 29–31
August 2018; pp. 703–708.

30. Budiman, A.R.; Sudiharto, D.W.; Brotoharsono, T. The Prototype of Smart helmet
with Safety Riding Notification for Motorcycle Rider. In Proceedings of the 2018 3
rd International Conference on Information Technology, Information System and
Electrical Engineering (ICITISEE), Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 13–14 November 201
8; pp. 362–367.
31. Uniyal, M.; Rawat, H.; Srivastava, M.; Srivastava, V.K. IOT Based Smart helmet
System with Data Log System. In Proceedings of the 2018 International Confere
nce on Advances in Computing, Communication Control and Networking (ICACC
CN), Greater Noida, India, 12–13 October 2018; pp. 28–31.

32. Paulchamy, D.B.; Sundhararajan, C.; Xavier, R.; Ramkumar, A.; Vigneshwar, D.
Design of Smart helmet and Bike Management System. Asian J. Appl. Sci. Tech
nol. 2018, 2, 207–211.

33. Souza, A.D.; Maliyackal, S.S. Helmet Integrated Bike Ignition Using Arduino. In P
roceedings of the 4th International Conference on Energy Efficient Technologies
for Sustainability–ICEETS’18, Tamil Nadu, India, 5–7 April 2018; pp. 1–5.

34. Nanda, S.; Joshi, H.; Khairnar, S. An IOT Based Smart System for Accident Prev
ention and Detection. In Proceedings of the 2018 Fourth International Conferenc
e on Computing Communication Control and Automation (ICCUBEA), Pune, Indi
a, 16–18 August 2018; pp. 1–6.

35. Deva Kumar, S.V.S.V.P.; Akashe, S.; Kumar, V. Advanced Control of Switching I
gnition by Smart helmet. Int. J. Image Graph. Signal Process. 2018, 10, 34–42.

36. Sumamah, M.; Faiz, M.; Tyagi, A. Smart helmet kit. Int. Res. J. Eng. Technol. 20
18, 5, 3018–3020.

37. Shabbeer, S.A.; Meleet, M. Smart helmet for Accident Detection and Notification.
In Proceedings of the 2017 2nd International Conference on Computational Syst
ems and Information Technology for Sustainable Solution (CSITSS), Bengaluru, I
ndia, 21–23 December 2017; pp. 1–5.

38. Gudavalli, D.K.P.; Rani, B.S.; Sagar, C.V. Helmet Operated Smart E-Bike. In Pro
ceedings of the 2017 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Techniques in
Control, Optimization and Signal Processing (INCOS), Srivilliputhur, India, 23–25
March 2017; pp. 1–5.

39. Tapadar, S.; Ray, S.; Saha, H.N.; Saha, A.K.; Karlose, R. Accident and Alcohol D
etection in Bluetooth Enabled Smart helmets for Motorbikes. In Proceedings of th
e 2018 IEEE 8th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Confere
nce (CCWC), Las Vegas, NV, USA, 8–10 January 2018; pp. 584–590.

40. Premalatha, K.; Nandhini, J.J. Safeguarding Two Wheeler User’s Lives Using Sm
art helmet. Int. J. Innov. Technol. Explor. Eng. 2018, 8, 417–419.
41. Dhulavvagol, P.M.; Shet, R.; Nashipudi, P.; Meti, A.S.; Ganiger, R. Smart helmet
with Cloud GPS GSM Technology for Accident and Alcohol Detection. In Cognitiv
e Computing and Information Processing; Communications in Computer and Info
rmation Science; Nagabhushan, T.N., Aradhya, V.N.M., Jagadeesh, P., Shukla,
S.M.L.C., Eds.; Springer: Singapore, 2018; Volume 801, pp. 346–357.

42. Joshi, S.B.; Joshi, A.S. A Novel Method for Safety of Two Wheeler Using Microco
ntroller. Int. J. Adv. Res. Innov. Ideas Educ. 2019, 5, 1439–1442.

43. Namayala, P.P. Development of Smart helmet Motor Cycles’ Embedded System.
Int. J. Eng. Res. Adv. Technol. 2019, 5, 75–84.

44. Wong, K.I.; Chen, Y.-C.; Lee, T.-C.; Wang, S.-M. Head Motion Recognition Using
a Smart helmet for Motorcycle Riders. In Proceedings of the 2019 International C
onference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics (ICMLC), Kobe, Japan, 7–10 Ju
ly 2019; pp. 1–7.

45. Kinage, V.; Patil, P. IoT Based Intelligent System for Vehicle Accident Prevention
And Detection At Real Time. In Proceedings of the 2019 IoThird International con
ference on I-SMACT in Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud (I-SMAC), Palladam,
India, 12–14 December 2019; pp. 409–413.

46. Swathi, S.J.; Raj, S.; Devaraj, D. Microcontroller and Sensor Based Smart Biking
System for Driver’s Safety. In Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE International Confer
ence on Intelligent Techniques in Control, Optimization and Signal Processing (I
NCOS), Tamilnadu, India, 11–13 April 2019; pp. 1–5.

47. Reddy, D.D.V.; Suresh, V.; Hemalatha, T. Smart helmet and Bike Management S
ystem. J. Gujarat Res. Soc. 2019, 21, 303–311.

48. Shravya, K.; Mandapati, Y.; Keerthi, D.; Harika, K.; Senapati, R.K. Smart helmet f
or Safe Driving. E3S Web Conf. 2019, 87, 1–4.

49. Kanimozhi, L.; Sambasivam, R.; Pragathi, M.; Ranjith, M. Smart helmet with Acci
dent Avoidance System. Cikitusi J. Multidiscip. Res. 2019, 6, 1–7.

50. Patil, M.S.A.; Wagh, M.V.R.; Ganpatre, M.V.J. IOT Based Smart helmet For Acci
dent Detection. Resincap J. Sci. Eng. 2019, 3, 455–458.
51. Jesudoss, A.; Vybhavi, R.; Anusha, B. Design of Smart helmet for Accident Avoid
ance. In Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Communication an
d Signal Processing (ICCSP), Chennai, India, 4–6 April 2019; pp. 0774–0778.

52. Kabilan, M.; Monish, S.; Siamala Devi, D.S. Accident Detection System Based on
Internet of Things (IoT)-Smart helmet. Int. J. Eng. Res. Adv. Technol. 2019, 5, 15
4–157.

53. Ashwin, M.; Yashwanth Gowda, S. Smart helmet Using GPS and GSM Modem. I
nt. J. Eng. Res. Adv. Technol. 2019, 8, 3005–3008.

54. Chen, Y.-R.; Tsai, C.-M.; Wong, K.-I.; Lee, T.-C.; Loh, C.-H.; Ying, J.-C.; Chen, Y
.-C. Motorcyclists’ Head Motions Recognition by Using the Smart helmet with Lo
w Sampling Rate. In Proceedings of the 2019 Twelfth International Conference o
n Ubi-Media Computing (Ubi-Media), Bali, Indonesia, 5–8 August 2019; pp. 157–
163.

55. Gupta, S.; Sharma, K.; Salvekar, N.; Gajra, A. Implementation of Alcohol and Col
lision Sensors in a Smart helmet. In Proceedings of the 2019 Conception of smar
t iol helmet in smart factory (ICNTE), Navi Mumbai, India, 4–5 January 2019; pp.
1–5.

56. Priya, V.; Dhanasekar, J.; Vasumathi, G. Smart helmet Using PIC Controller. Int.
J. Eng. Res. Adv. Technol. 2019, 8, 750–752.

57. Vijayakumar, D.; Ramesh, G.; Jayabalan, C.; Palani, S.; Selvam, M. Micro Contr
oller Based Smart helmet by Ir Motion Sensors. Int. J. Eng. Res. Adv. Technol. 2
019, 8, 1850–1853.

58. Divyasudha, N.; Arulmozhivarman, P.; Rajkmumar, E.R. Analysis of Smart helme
ts and Designing an IoT Based Smart helmet: A Cost Effective Solution for Rider
s. In Proceedings of the 2019 1st International Conference on Innovations in Infor
mation and Communication Technology (ICIICT), Chennai, India, 25–26 April 20
19; pp. 1–4.

59. Mhatre, K.; Nandwadekar, R.; Patil, A.; Shinde, R.; Kamble, P. Smart helmet Wit
h Intercom Feature. SSRN J. 2020, 1–5.

60. Lakshmanachari, S.; Ramya, M. Smart helmet System for Identification of Road
Accident Using Internet of Things. Int. J. Adv. Sci. Technol. 2020, 29, 1070–1076
.
61. Merlin, R.; Pranay, R.D. Smart helmet system. TEST Eng. Manag. 2020, 83, 199
1–1995.

62. Chidambarathanu, G.V.; Farzana, D.F.; Gowrishankar, J. Accidents Preventing S


mart helmet Using EEG Sensor. TEST Eng. Manag. 2020, 82, 2541–2547.

63. Santhanakrishnan, C.; Sharma, D.; Vashistha, A. Smart helmet for Rider (SHR) a
nd Accident Detection Using IOT. Int. J. Adv. Sci. Technol. 2020, 29, 50–57.

64. Sai Kumar, M.; Aruna, M. Third Eye Two Wheeler: Accident and Malt Detection i
n Bluetooth Enabled Smart helmets with Load Monitoring for Motorbikes. TEST E
ng. Manag. 2020, 82, 6696–6701.

65. Suman, A.; Parashar, A.; Shukla, A.; Shobha, K.R. Aagaahi—A Smart helmet. In
Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Computi
ng and Communication Technologies (CONECCT), Bangalore, India, 2–4 July 20
20; pp. 1–6.

66. Ahmed, S.U.; Uddin, R.; Affan, M. Intelligent Gadget for Accident Prevention: Sm
art helmet. In Proceedings of the 2020 International Conference on Computing a
nd Information Technology (ICCIT-1441), Tabuk, Saudi Arabia, 9–10 September
2020; pp. 1–4.

67. Dubey, S.; Meghana, K.; Likhitha, M.; Gupta, K.; Balaji, R. An Experimental Stud
y on Advanced Lane Changing Signal Assist Technology with Smart helmet. Mat
er. Today Proc. 2020, 33, 4771–4776.

68. Lokeshwaran, M.; Nikhit Mathew, S.P.; Joshuva, A. Raphael—The Smart helmet.
In Proceedings of the 2020 International Conference on Wireless Comunications
Signal Processing and Networking (WiSPNET), Chennai, India, 19–21 March 20
20; pp. 48–51.

69. Rahman, M.A.; Ahsanuzzaman, S.M.; Rahman, I.; Ahmed, T.; Ahsan, A. IoT Bas
ed Smart helmet and Accident Identification System. In Proceedings of the 2020 I
EEE Region 10 Symposium (TENSYMP), Dhaka, Bangladesh, 5–7 June 2020; p
p. 14–17.

70. Faikul, U.; Hairil, B.; Ach, D. Smart helmet Control System Using Heart Pulse Indi
cator. In Proceedings of the 2020 International Conference on Science and Tech
nology, Surabaya, Indonesia, 3 November 2020; pp. 1–8.
71. Rao, P.K.; Sai, P.T.; Kumar, N.V.; Sagar, S.Y.V. Design and Implementation of S
mart helmet Using IoT. In Proceedings of the 2020 International Confernce of Ad
vance Research and Innovation, Meerut, India, 19 January 2020; pp. 323–325.

72. Oviyaa, M.; Renvitha, P.; Swathika, R.; Paul, I.J.L.; Sasirekha, S. Arduino Based
Real Time Drowsiness and Fatigue Detection for Bikers Using Helmet. In Procee
dings of the 2020 2nd International Conference on Innovative Mechanisms for In
dustry Applications (ICIMIA), Bangalore, India, 5–7 March 2020; pp. 573–577.

73. Shahare, B.; Chawde, S.; Gudafwar, R.; Pal, H.; Bobade, P. Iot Based Smart Mot
or Cycle Helmet. Int. J. Progress. Res. Sci. Eng. 2020, 1, 107–109.

74. Ashwini, S.S.; Udupa, N.G.; Sweta, N.; Alam, M.S. A Smart Helmet on IoT Techn
ology for Safety and Accident Detection. Int. J. R D Eng. Sci. Manag. 2020, 3, 99
–102.

75. Jayasinghe, S.; Arachchige, U. A Smart helmet with a built-in drowsiness and alc
ohol detection system. J. Res. Technol. Eng. 2020, 1, 76–81.

76. Aravinda, N.L.; Jabirullah, M.; DubasiKirtana. An Intelligent Helmet System Using
IoT and Raspberry Pi. IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 2020, 981, 1–7.

77. MohanaRoopa, D.Y.; Soujanya, N.; Vaishnavi, V.S.; Vardhan, U.V. An IOT Base
d Smart helmet for Accident Detection and Notification. J. Interdiscip. Cycle Res.
2020, 7, 1–7.

78. Pothirajan, M.G.; Mary, M.J.V. IOT Based Vehicle Monitoring Using Smart Helme
t. Alochana Chakra J. 2020, 15, 671–674.

79. Swarna, V.; Deepika, P.; Zaheer, S.; Raj, S.M.; Rao, E.K. Smart helmet for Rider’
s Safety. J. Res. Sci. Eng. Manag. 2020, 6, 13–17.

80. Parakkal, S.A.; Avhad, P.V.; Dhole, V.; Raikar, Y.; Gite, B.B. Smartphone Integra
ted Smart helmet for Real-Time Detection, Prevention and Reporting of Accident
s. Bull. Monum. 2020, 21, 41–45.

81. Kumar Kar, S.; Anshuman, D.A.; Raj, H.; Pall Singh, P. New Design and Fabricat
ion of Smart helmet. IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 2018, 402, 1–10.

82. Rahman, A.; Abdurohman, M.; Putrada, A.G. Indicator Warning Refined Fuel Oil i
n A Motorcycle With Fuzzy Logic and Sound Navigaiotn Through Smart helmet. I
n Proceedings of the 2019 International Symposium on Electronics and Smart De
vices (ISESD), Badung, Indonesia, 8–9 October 2019; pp. 1–5.

83. Jadhav, A.; Rajput, S.; Baburao, K.V.; Rajput, D.D.S. Smart helmet Using Natural
Language Processing, Head Mounted Display and Solar Panel. Int. J. Sci. Techn
ol. Res. 2019, 8, 331–527.

84. Youssef, A.; Colon, J.; Mantzios, K.; Gkiata, P.; Mayor, T.; Flouris, A.; De Bruyne
, G.; Aerts, J.-M. Towards Model-Based Online Monitoring of Cyclist’s Head Ther
mal Comfort: Smart helmet Concept and Prototype. Appl. Sci. 2019, 9, 3170.

85. Rao, S. Voice Controlled Wiper for Smart helmets. Int. J. Innov. Technol. Explor.
Eng. 2019, 8, 2086–2089.

86. Kanetkar, S.; Rathore, A.; Maheshwari, K.; Dubey, P.; Saxena, A. Smart helmet
Wiper. In Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE International Students’ Conference on El
ectrical, Electronics and Computer Science (SCEECS), Bhopal, India, 22–23 Feb
ruary 2020; pp. 1–4.

87. Aatif, M.K.A.; Manoj, A. Smart helmet Based on IoT Technology. Int. J. Res. Appl
. Sci. Eng. Technol. 2017, 5, 409–413.

88. Ajay, A.; Vishnu, G.; Kishoreswaminathan, V.; Vishwanth, V.; Srinivasan, K.; Jee
vanantham, S. Accidental Identification and Navigation System in Helmet. In Pro
ceedings of the 2017 International Conference on Nextgen Electronic Technologi
es: Silicon to Software (ICNETS2), Chennai, India, 23–25 March 2017; pp. 202–2
04.

89. Kumar, A.; Manjunath, S.S.; Monish, R.; Ramya, S. The Intercom Enabled Helme
t. Int. Res. J. Eng. Technol. 2019, 6, 3986–3988.

90. Qiang, C.; Ji-ping, S.; Zhe, Z.; Fan, Z. ZigBee Based Intelligent Helmet for Coal
Miners. In Proceedings of the 2009 WRI World Congress on Computer Science a
nd Information Engineering, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 31 March–2 April 2009; pp.
433–435.

91. Shabina, S. Smart helmet Using RF and WSN Technology for Underground Mine
s Safety. In Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Intelligent Com
puting Applications, Coimbatore, India, 6–7 March 2014; pp. 305–309.
92. Behr, C.J.; Kumar, A.; Hancke, G.P. A Smart helmet for Air Quality and Hazardo
us Event Detection for the Mining Industry. In Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE Inter
national Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT), Taipei, Taiwan, 14–17 Marc
h 2016; pp. 2026–2031.

93. Hazarika, P. Implementation of Smart Safety Helmet for Coal Mine Workers. In P
roceedings of the 2016 IEEE 1st International Conference on Power Electronics,
Intelligent Control and Energy Systems (ICPEICES), Delhi, India, 4–6 July 2016;
pp. 1–3.

94. Sharma, M.; Maity, T. Low Cost Low Power Smart helmet for Real-Time Remote
Underground Mine Environment Monitoring. Wirel. Pers Commun. 2018, 102, 14
9–162.

95. Revindran, R.; Vijayaraghavan, H.; Huang, M.-Y. Smart helmets for Safety in Min
ing Industry. In Proceedings of the 2018 International Conference on Advances i
n Computing, Communications and Informatics (ICACCI), Bangalore, India, 19–2
2 September 2018; pp. 217–221.

96. Eldemerdash, T.; Abdulla, R.; Jayapal, V.; Nataraj, C.; Abbas, K. Iot Based Smart
helmet for Mining Industry Application. Int. J. Adv. Sci. Technol. 2020, 29, 373–3
87.

97. Sanjay, B.S.; Dilip, K.A.; Balasaheb, T.A.; KinnuKumar, S.; Saware, N.P. Smart h
elmet Using Zigbee. Int. J. Innov. Res. Technol. 2019, 6, 144–148.

98. Charde, A.; Dehankar, B.; Ghaturle, S.; Bende, B.; Kitey, S. A Smart and Secure
d Helmet for Coal Mining Workers. J. Res. Appl. Sci. Eng. Technol. 2020, 8, 673
–675.

99. Sujitha, S.; Loret, S.; Gethsy, M. IOT Based Smart Mine Safety System Using Ar
duino. Int. J. Comput. Sci. Mob. Comput. 2020, 9, 141–145.

100. Pirkl, G.; Hevesi, P.; Amarislanov, O.; Lukowicz, P. Smart helmet for Cons
truction Site Documentation and Work Support. In Proceedings of the 2016 ACM
International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing, Heidelbe
rg, Germany, 12–16 September 2016; pp. 349–352.

101. Lee, A.; Moon, J.; Min, S.D.; Sung, N.-J.; Hong, M. Safety Analysis Syste
m Using Smart helmet. Internet Comput. Internet Things 2019, 503, 102–107.
102. Li, P.; Meziane, R.; Otis, M.J.-D.; Ezzaidi, H.; Cardou, P. A Smart Safety H
elmet Using IMU and EEG Sensors for Worker Fatigue Detection. In Proceedings
of the 2014 IEEE International Symposium on Robotic and Sensors Environment
s (ROSE), Timisoara, Romania, 16–18 October 2014; pp. 55–60.

103. Dhingra, J.; Arora, G.; Bhatia, P.; Goel, C. Smart helmet with Inter-Commu
nication System, Smart Reminder System and Panic Button for Emergencies. Int.
J. Eng. Res. 2018, 7, 319–320.

104. Aston, J.P.; Benko, N.; Truong, T.; Zaki, A.; Olsen, N.; Eshete, E.; Luttmer
, N.G.; Coats, B.; Minor, M.A. Optimization of a Soft Robotic Bladder Array for Di
ssipating High Impact Loads: An Initial Study in Designing a Smart helmet. In Pro
ceedings of the 2020 3rd IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (Robo
Soft), New Haven, CT, USA, 15 May–15 July 2020; pp. 607–614.

105. Campero-Jurado, I.; Márquez-Sánchez, S.; Quintanar-Gómez, J.; Rodrígu


ez, S.; Corchado, J.M. Smart helmet 5.0 for Industrial Internet of Things Using Ar
tificial Intelligence. Sensors 2020, 20, 6241.

106. Shu, L.; Li, K.; Zen, J.; Li, X.; Sun, H.; Huo, Z.; Han, G. A Smart helmet for
Network Level Early Warning in Large Scale Petrochemical Plants. In Proceeding
s of the 14th International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Netw
orks—IPSN ’15; ACM Press: Seattle, WA, USA, 2015; pp. 390–391.

107. Bisio, I.; Fedeli, A.; Lavagetto, F.; Pastorino, M.; Randazzo, A.; Sciarrone,
A.; Tavanti, E. Mobile Smart helmet for Brain Stroke Early Detection through Neu
ral Network-Based Signals Analysis. In Proceedings of the GLOBECOM 2017—2
017 IEEE Global Communications Conference, Singapore, 4–8 December 2017;
pp. 1–6.

108. Shahiduzzaman, K.M.; Hei, X.; Guo, C.; Cheng, W. Enhancing Fall Detecti
on for Elderly with Smart helmet in a Cloud-Network-Edge Architecture. In Proce
edings of the 2019 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics—Tai
wan (ICCE-TW), Yilan, Taiwan, 20–22 May 2019; pp. 1–2.

109. Jeong, M.; Lee, H.; Bae, M.; Shin, D.-B.; Lim, S.-H.; Lee, K.B. Developme
nt and Application of the Smart helmet for Disaster and Safety. In Proceedings of
the 2018 International Conference on Information and Communication Technolog
y Convergence (ICTC), Jeju, Korea, 17–19 October 2018; pp. 1084–1089.
110. Wikipedia. Microcontroller. Available online: (accessed on 25 February 20
21).

111. Wikipedia. Single-Board Microcontroller. Available online: (accessed on 25


February 2021).

112. Wikipedia. Single-Board Computer. Available online: (accessed on 25 Feb


ruary 2021).

113. Wikipedia. Smart Device. Available online: (accessed on 25 February 202


1).
Fold

You might also like