B.M.S.

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
BANGALORE-19
(Autonomous college under VTU, Accredited by NAAC –A Grade, Accredited by NBA)

Report on:
REGISTRATION FOR ORGAN DONATION SYSTEM USING PYTHON
Submitted By:
SANTHOSH H A

M.TECH POWER ELECTRONIC S

2022-2024

Under The Guidance of:

Nethravathi
Professor
Department of Computer Science,
BMSCE, Bangalore-560019

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS

ENGINEERING

B.M.S. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Bull temple road. Basavangudi, Bangalore -560019
Self – Activated Women Protection Wrist Band June 2022

CONTENTS
ABSTRACT i

LIST OF FIGURES iii

LIST OF TABLES Error! Bookmark not defined.

LIST OF ABRIVATION Error! Bookmark not defined.

CONTENTS i

1. INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Literature Survey Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.1.1 VithU Mobile Application Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.1.2 Spot “N” Save Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.1.3 Siren Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.1.4 Ivy Smart Jewellery Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.2 IoT Technology used in Women Safety Wrist Band Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.2.1 Architecture of IoT Technology used in Women Safety Wrist Band Error!
Bookmark not defined.

2. PROPOSED SOLUTION Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.1 Ideology Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2 Components and Tools used in Developing Women Safety Wrist Band Error!
Bookmark not defined.

2.2.1 Hardware Components Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.2 Software Tool Implementation Error! Bookmark not defined.

3. DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF WOMEN PROTECTION WRIST BAND 2

3.1 Methodology Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2 Block Diagram of Women Safety Wrist Band 2

3.3 Designing of Circuit Diagram through Software ToolError! Bookmark not

defined.

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Self – Activated Women Protection Wrist Band June 2022

3.4 Algorithm 2

3.5 Flow Chart of The Working Process 3

3.6 Working 3

3.7 Result 4

4. CONCLUSION 11

4.1 Future Scope Error! Bookmark not defined.

REFERENCE 12

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Self – Activated Women Protection Wrist Band June 2022

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1.1: Statistical Representation of the Rape Cases in all-over the States of India Error!
Bookmark not defined.
Figure 1.2: Over-all Cases Reported for the Justice from 2006 to 2020Error! Bookmark not
defined.
Figure 1.3: Conviction Rate of the Rape Cases Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 1.4: VithU, a Mobile Application for Women ProtectionError! Bookmark not
defined.
Figure 1.5: Spot "N" Save, Smart Wrist Band Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 1.6: Spot "N" Save, Mobile Application Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 1.7: Women Wearing SIREN Ring Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 1.8: SIREN is Wearable Ring for Women Safety Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 1.9: Ivy, Smart Jewellery for Women Safety Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 1.10: IOT Devices Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 1.11: IoT Applications Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 2.1: Arduino Pin Configurations Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 2.2: Photograph of the used LCD Display in Women Safety Wrist Band Error!
Bookmark not defined.
Figure 2.3: Interfacing Values of LCD Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 2.4: Photograph of I2C Interface used in the Women Safety Wrist Band Error!
Bookmark not defined.
Figure 2.5: Photograph of Interfacing the I2C to LCD Display which is used in Women
Safety Wrist Band Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 2.6: Photograph of SIM800C GSM/ GPRS Module used in Women Safety Wrist
Band Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 2.7: Block Diagram of GSM Operations Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 2.8: Photograph of Temperature Sensor LM35 used in Women Safety Wrist
Band Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 2.9: Photograph of Front and Back Side of the Heartbeat Sensor used in Women
Safety Wrist Band Error! Bookmark not defined.

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Figure 2.10: Photograph of Piezoelectric Buzzer used in Women Safety Wrist Band Error!
Bookmark not defined.
Figure 2.11: Photograph of Red and Green LEDs used in Women Safety Wrist Band Error!
Bookmark not defined.
Figure 2.12: Photograph of the Bread Board used in Women Safety Wrist Band Error!
Bookmark not defined.
Figure 2.13: Photograph of Connecting Wires used in Women Safety Wrist Band Error!
Bookmark not defined.
Figure 2.14: Arduino Window View Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 3.1: Block Diagram of Women Safety Wrist Band 2
Figure 3.2: Circuit Diagram of Women Safety Wrist Band Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 3.3: Flow Chart of Women Wrist Band 3
Figure 3.4: (a) Photograph of the Fabricated Setup of the Women Safety Wrist Band, (b)
Photograph of Testing Fabricated Setup of the Women Safety Wrist Band 5
Figure 3.5: Screenshot of the Alert Messages Received while Testing the Women Safety
Wrist Band 6

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1. INTRODUCTION
Nowadays the status and situation of the Indian women status has been kept on changing
each and every day. India has been modernized in the past years, but still there are many
struggles caused and remained the same. Women are several victims of many physical
abuses and many physical harassments in the society. Thousands of incidents take place
every day and this has been continued from many years. There are many women hunters,
and nowadays, women harassment has become the most discussed topic these days in the
society. Yes, not all the women are in danger but still many women face problems, not
only adult women, even the small children, students of age 15 to 20 are also facing many
problems in office areas, public places, school, etc., But it is important for every woman
to feel safe to travel everywhere with handful of freedom as they like. So, we cannot
change people’s mindsets and behaviours just by implementing rules and regulations.
Even though the Government has made the tough rules for women harassment, many
people are ignoring it and taking it easy, by this it may decreasing the confidence of
women to come out and perform their professional life happily without any problems
from the society. According to the Indian States of Sex Ratio 2022 in the urban areas
there are only 985 females for 1000 males hence, women are becoming less in India so,
it is important for us to consider their safety and make it secure for them[1]. In the overall
crimes against the women rape considered as the fourth most common offence committed
to women[2]. So, we can see the seriousness to the issue, and it shows that the increasing
range of such sexual overdrives in this new generation as well. According to the National
Crime Records Bureau rape cases are drastically increasing over a decade. Such acts are
made shameful about us[3].
The technology is improvising day by day, but we are unable to find a user friendly
solution, which makes it workable for women to use and try not to feel fear and depend
on the device for her safety purpose. The device makes the user to include manual and
automatic for running it. When a women is in any kind of danger situation it is difficult
to press button or may not remember that there is a device which can save the life of her
hence, we started to solve this problem where the device gets automatically started and
alerts the women and give some indications to her and if she is in any kind of trouble or
panic situation the device will automatically sends the message to the pre-saved contacts
in the device. And also make their family feet safe about their daughter, wife, mother,
sister, etc. Women must feel secure when wearing such safety gadgets.

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DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF WOMEN

PROTECTION WRIST BAND
Block Diagram of Women Safety Wrist Band

Figure 0.1: Block Diagram of Women Safety Wrist Band

Algorithm
Step-1: Start application.
Step-2: Read the data from the sensors.
Step-3: Get the details of the contact numbers that are listed as emergency contacts.
Step-4: On the LCD panel, display the parameters.
Step-5: Check the emergency button output.
Step-6: If the emergency button is pressed, it goes directly to step 10.
Step-7: Check the sensor output with present thresholds for each sensor.
Step-8: If the sensor value is not exceeded, repeat steps 2 to 7.
Step-9: If the sensor output exceeds the present threshold, go to step 1.
Step-10: Turn on the GSM module.
Step:11: Check the Cancel button input.
Step-12: If the cancel button is pressed, another message will be transmitted.
Step-13: Repeat steps 2 through 11.

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3.5 Flow Chart of The Working Process

Figure 0.2: Flow Chart of Women Wrist Band

3.6 Working
This assignment genuinely considers fundamental parameters this is coronary heart price
and frame temperature variant, since it is the determining factor in the wrist band's ability
to prompt and send the alert. When the Arduino board is turned on, it is initially
connected to the computer through the USB Wire. Then the code from the Arduino IDE
software program is uploaded to the board. As the code is loaded to the board, its begins
off evolved feature accordingly. The board begins by gathering information from a
heartbeat tracking sensor and a temperature sensor. The non-stop tracking of coronary
artery pulse and temperature is executed and is displayed at the LCD display. The heart
rate value is represented in BPM on the LCD display, and the temperature in degrees
Celsius. If the studying exceeds the ordinary range (the edge value) as set with the aid of
using us. The GSM module receives activated routinely and senses as danger, so it sends
the vicinity of the consumer through SMS to the emergency touch number. There are one
or more emergency contact numbers to which the SMS is dispatched. After dispatching
the message alert “Sent” is displayed on the LCD display. In case of incorrect detection
of danger, the women can press the false alert button. As the false alert button is pressed
the SMS is dispatched sending another message as, it is a false alert. As a result, there

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Self – Activated Women Protection Wrist Band June 2022

will be no unnecessary anxiety. The references we used to set the parameters and
threshold settings.

3.7 Result
Below given snapshots are taken during process of making our project. In the figure 3.4
(a), we can see the setup of the project. where the Arduino is the heart of the entire setup
the board has two inputs as heartrate monitoring sensor and temperature sensor and the
outputs are LCD display, LED’s, buzzer, and GPRS/GSM module. In figure 3.4 (b)
testing is performed .The Arduino board is connected with sensors; they provide the input
to the board and according to the input from the sensor the out is displayed on the LCD
display which is also connected with the Arduino board. The values go beyond the
threshold value the LED starts glowing, buzzer beeps and the GPRS/GSM module is
activated, and the location is sent to the emergency contacts via SMS as shown in the
figure 3.5. If it was a false alert, then the false notification is sent like wise.

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Figure 0.3: (a) Photograph of the Fabricated Setup of the Women Safety Wrist
Band, (b) Photograph of Testing Fabricated Setup of the Women Safety Wrist
Band

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Figure 0.4: Screenshot of the Alert Messages Received

while Testing the Women Safety Wrist Band

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CODE:

from smbus import SMBus

from time import sleep
import serial
import random

bus = SMBus(1)
PIN_LM35 = 0
ADC_VREF_mV = 5000.0
ADC_RESOLUTION = 1024.0
lcd = LiquidCrystal_I2C(0x27,16,2)
gsm = serial.Serial('/dev/ttyS0', 9600, timeout=1)
ss = serial.Serial('/dev/ttyS1', 9600, timeout=1)
phone_no1 = "7829010171"

value = 0
rev = 0
rpm = 0
oldtime = 0
time = 0
randNumber = 0

YellowLED = 5
GreenLED = 6
BUZZ = 7
buttonpin = 12
temp = 0
tempPin = 1

def sendsms(phone_no1: str, s: float):

alpha = 1
period = 50

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refresh = 0.0

def isr():
rev += 1

def setup():
pinMode(A0, INPUT)
gsm.begin(9600)
ss.begin(9600)
lcd.init()
lcd.clear()
lcd.backlight()
pinMode(BUZZ, OUTPUT)
pinMode(YellowLED, OUTPUT)
pinMode(GreenLED, OUTPUT)
pinMode(buttonpin, INPUT)
Serial.println("press button")
attachInterrupt(0, isr, RISING)

def loop():
adcVal = analogRead(PIN_LM35)
milliVolt = adcVal * (ADC_VREF_mV / ADC_RESOLUTION)
tempC = milliVolt / 50
tempF = tempC * 9 / 5 + 32
lcd.clear()
lcd.setCursor(0, 0)
lcd.print(tempC)
lcd.print(" C Temp")
delay(2000)
oldValue=0
oldrefresh=0
beat=analogRead(A0)
value=alpha*oldValue+(0-alpha)*beat
refresh=value-oldValue

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b=beat//6
print(" Women Saftey ")
print("BPM: ", b)

lcd.setCursor(0,0)
lcd.print(" Women Saftey ")
lcd.setCursor(0,1)
lcd.print(" ")
lcd.setCursor(0,1)

oldValue=value
oldrefresh=refresh
time.sleep(period*10)

if b>=100:
digitalWrite(YellowLED,LOW)
time.sleep(0.1)
digitalWrite(GreenLED,HIGH)
time.sleep(0.1)
elif b<= 100:
digitalWrite(YellowLED,HIGH)
time.sleep(0.1)
digitalWrite(GreenLED,LOW)
time.sleep(0.1)
if b >= 100:
lcd.print(b)
sendsms(phone_no1, b)
digitalWrite(BUZZ, HIGH)
delay(200)
digitalWrite(BUZZ, LOW)
lcd.print(" Sent")
lcd.setCursor(0,0)
else:
if digitalRead(buttonpin) == HIGH:

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Serial.println("button pressed")
delay(2000)
sendsms(phone_no1, b)
attachInterrupt(0, isr, RISING)

def sendsms(phoneno, b):

newddata = False
chars = 0
sentences = 0
failed = 0
flat = 0.0
flon = 0.0
age = 0
randNumber = random(10000, 99999)
gsm.print("AT+CMGF=1\r")
delay(400)
gsm.print("AT+CMGS=\"")
gsm.print(phoneno)
gsm.println("\"")
delay(300)
Serial.println("\nWomen Saftey")
Serial.print("\nBPM: ")
Serial.print(b)
Serial.print("")
Serial.print("\n")
gsm.print("\nWomen Saftey\n \nALERT!!\nI Am In Danger Please HELP HELP!")
gsm.print("\n")
gsm.print("https:")
Serial.println("HO\n ")
delay(200)

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2. CONCLUSION
We are successful in designing and developing an automated self-activated women
security wrist band. For the automated activation, the physical responses of the body the
heartbeat variation and temperature variation play a significant role and we also
considered those parameters. we have added the heartbeat sensor as the parameter to
detect the danger and we wear able to get the readings of the sensor and those readings
on the LCD display then later for the precision purpose we added the temperature sensor
so after the readings were displayed and read by the Arduino board. This device does the
continues monitoring of heartrate and body temperature. once the threshold level is
crossed the SMS should be sent to the emergency contacts with the GPS location. Now
we moved on to the implementation of the GPS and GSM module as we need to send the
location of the user, we have written the code using C language in the Arduino IDE
software. This was achieved but we had this problem of false alert which was a major
drawback. Because there are other situations where the heartrate increases like running,
anxiety etc., So to avoid unwanted tensions. We added a button and by pressing that
button the false alert notification will be sent.
It elevates the security of the women and brings confidence to family. It is easy to wear
so it does not make any complication to operate, in normal condition it acts as just a
heartrate and temperature monitoring wrist band. It keeps a track on the person when she
is in danger and in emergency conditions. This device is very compact, consumes less
power, simple to operate. For distant information, send an alert message to your phone.
Sends an SMS of the location with the link where we can access the location through the
link. You can change your phone number at any time. It has the potential to be used to
prevent incidents. It does not require any application for internet connectivity to operate.
So, its device independent. It operates without any problem even in remote areas. It can
be helpful during prosecution of crime cases as evidence of location. All these features
make it one the most user-friendly device with absolute operations. We were able to
integrate all the above features but now it is a discreate system. The sensor used in this
project are generic sensors.

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REFERENCE
[1] Find Easy is the Website name where The Indian States of Sex Ratio 2022 was
published on 24 November 2021.
[2] Crimes against women by WomenLawsIndia.Com which was first indexed by google
in August 2013.
[3] Rape cases in India dropped in 2020[See NCRB stats] by BG Mahesh in OneIndia
on 15 December 2021.
[4] Introduction to Arduino IDE, A complete step by step tutorial on the Introduction to
Arduino IDE which was published by Adnan Aqeel in the engineering projects on 03
October 2018.
[5] VithU App: A Woman Safety App by Gumrah and published by Android Jungle in
Feb. 12, 2015.
[6] Spot-N-Save Feel Secure by Abdulwahab Al Yassin published in 2015-02-22.
[7] SIREN Ring by Kat Alexander published in November 2014.
[8] Ivy Smart Jewellery for Women Safety, Purple Stone (Silver Chain, Light Brown
Bracelet) -SMIVYPUS2.
[9] The Internet of Things (IoT): New age which was published by Prashant M. Adhao
and Rahul B. Mapari in 2017.
[10] What Are IoT Devices : Definition, Types, and 5 Most Popular Ones for 2022 which
was published in simplilearn by Nikita Duggal on May 24, 2022.
[11] “Internet of Things (IoT): A vision, architectural elements, and future directions” by
Jayavardhana Gubbia, Rajkumar Buyyab,∗, Slaven Marusic a, Marimuthu
Palaniswami A.
[12] Internet of Things: A survey by Bhumi Nakhuva which was published in December
2016.
[13] What is a smart device? The key concept of the Internet of Things published by
Manuel Silverio on Dec 30, 2019.
[14] Internet of Things: Definition, Characteristics, Architecture, Enabling Technologies,
Application & Future Challenges by Keyur K Patel, and Sunil M Patel which was
published on October 2016.
[15] Internet of Things (IoT) - Part 2 (Building Blocks & Architecture) by Sukanya
Mandal on Apr 22, 2020.
[16] Top 10 IoT Applications by Chrissy Kapralos published on 06 Apr, 2022.

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[17] Challenges and Opportunities in the Future Applications of IoT Technology by

Attia, Tarek M. published in February 2019.
[18] Arduino UNO R3, Pin Diagram, Specification and Applications which is published
in Elprocus website.
[19] Arduino Pin Configuration – Complete Guide 2021 which was published in
ROBU.IN website on July 14, 2020.
[20] 5 Simple Ways to Reset Arduino by Chriswhich was published in 2022 on the
website chipwired
[21] Difference Between Analog and Digital Pins in Arduino UNO which was published
by ABHISHEK GHOSH in the customize windows website on MAY 10, 2018.
[22] LCD 16×2 Pin Configuration and Its Working which is published in ELPROCUS in
April 2013
[23] EMERGENCY ALERT FOR WOMEN’S SAFTEY WITH LOCATION
TRACKING done by M.Srilekha, M.Supriya, G.Ananda rao and P.Yamini in
between 2013-2017.
[24] How to Connect I2C Lcd Display to Arduino Uno which is published by JunezRiyaz
in Instructables circuits website.
[25] The Future of Mobile Communications which is published in Future Networks in
Friday 24 Mar 2017.
[26] LM35 Temperature Sensor Pin out, Interfacing guide, Circuit Construction and
Working Principals which by EG Projects in Engineers Garage Website
[27] Pulse Sensor : Working Principle and Its Applications which was published in
ELPROCUS Website.
[28] What is Pulse Sensor : Types & Its Applications by WatElectronics which was
published in WatElectronics website on July 30, 2021.
[29] Introduction to Buzzers: Piezo and Magnetic buzzers which was published by Gigi
in 2020
[30] The Red/Green LED Guide which was published by Spaceman Spiff in Instructables
Circuits.
[31] Programming Arduino: Getting Started with Sketches, Second Edition
(ELECTRONICS) Paperback which was published by Simon Monk on16 July 2016.
[32] Proteus PCB Design and Simulation Software – Introduction which is published in
a website by Anish. K, Rakesh Bute, and Avaneet Ranjan on MARCH 8, 2017.
[33] All About Heart Rate (Pulse), American Heart Association website on 31 July 2015.

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[34] What Is the Normal Body Temperature Range? which is published in Healthline
website by Carissa Stephens and R.N. CCRN on January 5, 2022.

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