NCHE222 KLASTOETS 01 / CLASS TEST 01 (LE01 / SU01) 12/08/2022

VOORLETTERS & VAN / INITIALS & SURNAME

MEMO STUDENT(E) #

1. Gee enige twee moontlike beperkings van die Give any two possible limitations of the Lewis
Lewis model. model. (2)
It cannot explain hybridization.
It says nothing about the location of the electrons. Any 2
It says nothing about the 3D orientation of the molecule.

2. Voltooi die volgende tabel deur die VSEPR- Complete the following table by providing the
naam en hibridisasie (sp, sp2 of sp3) van die VSEPR-name and hybridisation (sp, sp2 or sp3) of
atoom wat deur die pyl aangedui is, te gee. the atom indicated by the arrow. (4)
Molekuul / Molecule VSEPR Naam / VSEPR Name Hibridisasie / Hybridization

CH3CHCH3 Trigonal planar sp2

O Bend sp3

3. Gee die Lewis-struktuur van die volgende Give the Lewis structure of the following
verbinding deur alle bindings en vrypaar- compound by indicating all bonds and lone pair
elektrone as kolle aan te dui. electrons as dots. (3)

NH
1 for 4 dots at double bond

H H 1 for the 3 H atoms

H C C N H 1 for 2 lone pairs on N

4. Wat is die grootste verskil tussen die Lewis- en What is the biggest difference between the Lewis-
die AO-model t.o.v. die lokalisasie van elektrone and the AO-model i.t.o. the localisation of
in atome? electrons in atoms? (2)

Lewis model shows electrons as dots with a specific location around the atom,
The AO model shows that we can only identify the highest probability (orbital) of where an electron might be
found, i.e. we do not know their exact location. 1 for Lewis model and 1 for AO model

5. Gee ʼn voorbeeld van ʼn molekule wat beide ʼn σ- Give an example of a molecule containing both a
en ʼn π-binding bevat en dui die twee tipe σ- and a π-bond and indicate the two types of
bindings in jou molekule aan. bonds in your molecule. (2)
H H Any molecule with single and double bonds; all single are σ
C C
H H bonds and the 2nd bond in a double bond is π
6. Hoekom is die volgende molekule ʼn bewys Why is the following molecule a proof that
daarvoor dat hibridisasie moet bestaan? Wat hybridisation must exist? What would have been
sou anders gewees het as daar nie hibridisasie different if there was no hybridisation?
was nie? (2)
H H
C C
H H
The fact that C has 4 bonds is only possible if the atomic orbitals of C have hybridized.

If the AO of C had not hybridized, C would have 1 lone pair, 1 empty orbital and only 2 bonds.

7. Verduidelik hoekom die energie van elektrone Why is the energy of an electron in a BMO lower
laer in ʼn BMO as in ʼn AO is? than in an AO (1)
The probability area (orbital) where an electron can freely move in a BMO is larger (more delocalized) than its
freedom of movement in an AO. Hence more space and less repulsion i.e. lower energy, or

The in-phase overlap of two AO orbitals results in a reduction in energy. Any 1

8. Voltooi die MO-energiediagram slegs vir die p- Complete the MO-energy diagram only for the p-
elektrone van die volgende verbinding. Teken electrons of the following compound. Draw all the
al die AO, LKAO en MO en dui elektronvulling possible AO, LCAO and MO and indicate the
aan. electron filling. (5)

AO LKAO/LCAO MO Elektronopvulling
Electron filling

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Ek verklaar hiermee dat hierdie toets my eie werk is en dat ek nie hulp van I hereby declare that this test is my own work and that I did not receive
enige aard ontvang het tydens die voltooiing daarvan nie. any type of assistance during its completion.

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