CENTRO EDUCACIONAL PRESBITERIANO

APOSTILA DE DEPENDÊNCIA 8° ANO – 1° SEMESTRE

LÍNGUA INGLESA.

O FUTURO IMEDIATO (THE IMMEDIATE FUTURE)

O futuro imediato indica uma ação que vai ser realizada logo, num futuro muito próximo.
Ele é formado por VERBO TO BE (AM, IS, ARE) + GOING TO + VERBO.
Veja o exemplo: I am going to read a book.

FORMA INTERROGATIVA:

Para fazer a forma interrogativa no futuro imediato, nós iniciamos a questão com o verbo TO
BE:
Veja o exemplo: I am going to read a book.
AM I going to read a book?

FORMA NEGATIVA:

Para fazer a forma negativa no futuro imediato, nós adicionamos a palavra NOT depois do
verbo TO BE.
Veja o exemplo: You are going to study English.
You are NOT going to study English.

1) Write positive sentences using GOING TO for future.

Ex.: I / study
I am going to study.

a) You / swim
____________________________________________________________________________
b) He / sleep
____________________________________________________________________________
c) She / cry
___________________________________________________________________________________
d) It / rain
____________________________________________________________________________
e) We / stay
____________________________________________________________________________

PALAVRAS DE QUESTÕES (QUESTION WORDS):

As palavras de questões sempre começam uma pergunta.

 What = o que, qual

 Where = onde
 Who = quem
 When = quando
 Which = qual (n° limitado)
 Whose = de quem
 Why = por que
 How = como
 How old = quantos anos
 How many = quantos (contáveis)
  How much = quantos (incontáveis) e quanto custa
 How long = por quanto tempo
 How often = com que freqüência

2) Choose the correct question word:

a) ________________ are you going? I’m going to the mall.

[ ] What
[ ] Which
[ ] Where
[ ] Who
b) _______________ is your name? My name is John Meyer.
[ ] Whose
[ ] Which
[ ] Who
[ ] What
c) ________________ is this girl? She is my best friend.
[ ] Who
[ ] Which
[ ] Whose
[ ] What
d) _______________ dog is this? It’s my mother’s dog.
[ ] Who
[ ] Whose
[ ] Which
[ ] What
e) _________________ time is it now? It’s eight o’clock.
[ ] When
[ ] Where
[ ] What
[ ] Which
f) __________________ are you reading? I am reading in the library.
[ ] Where
[ ] Which
[ ] What
[ ] Who
g) ___________________ do you prefer, teddy bears or dolls?
[ ] What
[ ] When
[ ] Which
[ ] Where
h) ____________________ do you get up? At seven.
[ ] Who
[ ] What
[ ] When
[ ] Where
i) __________________ do you like to eat? I like chocolate.
[ ] Where
[ ] Which
[ ] When
[ ] Where

j) _____________________ is your house? It’s near the school.

[ ] Where
[ ] When
[ ] Who
[ ] What

COMPARATIVO DE IGUALDADE (Comparative of Equality)

Nós usamos AS + ADJETIVO/ADVERBIO + AS para expressar igualdade entre pessoas,

animais, lugares ou objetos.

AS.........AS = significa: TÃO ........QUANTO.

Veja o exemplo: he’s as tall as his sister. (ele é tão alto quanto sua irmã).

3) Unscramble the words to make sentence.

a) as / Sam / Jack / intelligent / is / as.

____________________________________________________________________________
b) hot / as / is / Fortaleza / Salvador / as
____________________________________________________________________________
c) as / English / as / easy / is / Portuguese
____________________________________________________________________________
d) Paris / Rio de Janeiro / as / as / is / beautiful.
____________________________________________________________________________
e) famous / Kaka / as / Robinho / as / is
____________________________________________________________________________

FUTURO SIMPLES (Simple Future)

Para mostrar ações no futuro, nós usamos WILL.

Veja o exemplo: He will do his homework tomorrow (ele fará seu dever de casa amanhã).
OU: He’ll do his homework tomorrow.

FORMA INTERROGATIVA:

Para fazer a forma interrogativa, nós usamos WILL no início da pergunta.

Veja o exemplo: He will do his homework tomorrow.
WILL he do his homework tomorrow?

FORMA NEGATIVA:

Para fazer a forma negativa, nós usamos o NOT depois do WILL.

Veja o exemplo: He will NOT do his homework tomorrow (ele NÃO fará seu dever de casa
amanhã). OU : He WON’T do his homework tomorrow.

4) Complete with WILL or WON’T.

a) It’s my birthday next week. I ________________ be 20 years old.

b) Sarah is on holiday for a month so she _______________ be here tomorrow.
c) I think she _______________ pass the exam. She is a very good student.
d) If you stay up late, you ___________ get up on time.
e) Don’t worry. I ___________ help you with the homework.
f) You _______________ feel better if you don’t go to bed and relax
 PRONOMES POSSESSIVOS (POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS)

Os pronomes possessivos mostram possessão e eles nunca são seguidos por substantivos.
Veja o exemplo: This suit is Tom’s. This suit is HIS.

Os adjetivos possessivos mostram possessão também, porém são usados antes de

substantivos.
Veja o exemplo: This suit is Tom’s. It’s HIS suit.

POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES X POSSIVE PRONOUNS

MY MINE
YOUR YOURS
HIS HIS
HER HERS
IT ITS
OUR OURS
YOUR YOURS
THEIR THEIRS

5) Complete the sentences with the correct Possessive Adjectives:

a) I‟m a teacher. _______ name is Helen and these are _______ students.
b) Mary and I have ______ office. _______ office is inside the house.
c) My father has a new car. ______ new car is very comfortable.
d) It‟s my dog, ________ name is Lorry. This is _______ little dog.
e) The girls are friends. ________ mothers are friends, too.
f) “Hey, is that _______ book ?”
“ ________ book ? No, it‟s __________ (Robert‟s) book. _______ book is new and this one is
very old.”
g) “What‟s the problem ?”
“I can‟t find ______ car keys.”
“Are these ones _____ keys ?”
“What ? Oh, no! _____ car keys are small, these are very big.”
“Oh, I know where _______ car keys are. They are on the table.”
“Thanks!”

COMPARATIVO DE INFERIORIDADE (Comparative of inferiority).

O comparativo de inferioridade é formado com NOT SO + ADJETIVO + AS.

Veja o exemplo: He is NOT SO happy AS his brother. (Ele não é tão alto quanto seu irmão).

Existe outra forma de construir o comparativo de inferioridade: LESS + ADJETIVO + THAN.

Veja o exemplo: This book is LESS interesting THAN that book (este livro é menos
interessante do que aquele livro).

6) Write sentences about people in your classroom using the following adjectives and the
comparative of inferiority:
a) tall = ____________________________________________________________
b) short = __________________________________________________________
c) old = ____________________________________________________________
d) young = ____________________________________________________________
e) popular = ____________________________________________________________
f) funny = ____________________________________________________________
g) creative = ____________________________________________________________
h) nervous =____________________________________________________________

7) Complete with the comparative of inferiority: Add the correct answers:

7.1) He eats ________ quickly ________ me.

a) as – as
b) least – than
c) less – than
d) most – than
e) not so – than

7.2) Tourism in Portugal is __________ important as agriculture and fishing.

a) as
b) more
c) less
d) most
e) not

COMPARATIVO DE SUPERIORIDADE (Comparative of superiority).

1 - Para formar o comparativo de superioridade de adjetivos com duas ou mais silabas,

usamos a construção: MORE (adjetivo) THAN (MAIS......QUE).

Veja o exemplo: His car is MORE expensive THAN mine. (Seu carro é mais caro do que o
meu).

2 – Para os adjetivos de uma sílaba, usamos: (adjetivo) ER THAN (MAIS.......QUE).

Veja o exemplo: My brother is TALLER THAN my father. (Meu irmão é mais alto do que meu
pai).

Obs.: a) Adjetivos terminados em Y trocam essa letra por I ao receber ER.

Veja o exemplo: HAPPY – HAPPIER

EASY – EASIER
UGLY – UGLIER

b) Adjetivos de uma sílaba terminados em consoante / vogal / consoante, dobram a consoante

final ao receber ER.

Veja o exemplo: THIN – THINNER

FAT – FATTER
HOT – HOTTER
BIG – BIGGER

8) Make sentences using the comparative of superiority with the words given:

Example:
Cats - Dogs (small)
Cats are smaller than dogs

a) Reading a book - Watching TV (interesting)

_____________________________________________________________________.
b) McDonalds - Burger King (cheap)
_____________________________________________________________________.
c) New York - London (big)
_____________________________________________________________________.
d) Studying - Working (good)
_____________________________________________________________________.

VERBO TO BE – PASSADO SIMPLES (Simple past tense).

Apresenta duas formas: WAS e WERE.

FORMA AFIRMATIVA:I WAS (eu era/eu estava)

YOU WERE (você era / você estava)
HE WAS / SHE WAS / IT WAS (ele, ela, isto era / estava)
WE WERE (nós éramos / nós estávamos)
YOU WERE (vocês eram / vocês estavam)
THEY WERE (eles, elas eram / eles, elas estavam)

Veja o exemplo: I WAS at the airport yesterday (eu estava no aeroporto ontem).

FORMA INTERROGATIVA: a forma interrogativa do verbo to be no passado, acontece

quando nós colocamos WAS ou WERE antes do pronome do sujeito.

Veja o exemplo: The children WERE in the park yesterday (as crianças estavam no parque
ontem).
WERE they in the park yesterday? (eles estavam no parque ontem?).

FORMA NEGATIVA: para fazer a forma negativa no passado, nós adicionamos NOT
depois do WAS ou WERE. As contrações WASN’T e WEREN’T podem ser usadas.

Veja o exemplo: Jack WASN’T in a summer camp last summer (Jack não estava no
acampamento de verão no último verão).

9) Choose the correct answer to this extract of the song:

“When I ________ young, it seemed that life ________ so wonderful, a miracle, oh it _________
beautiful, magical…”

a) was / were / was

b) am / is / was
c) was / was / was
d) were / were / was
e) am / was / was

THERE + VERBO TO BE – PASSADO.

 FORMA AFIRMATIVA: THERE WAS a t-shirt on the bed some minutes ago (havia uma
camisa em cima da cama a alguns minutos atrás).

FORMA INTERROGATIVA: WAS THERE a t-shirt on the bed some minutes ago?

FORMA NEGATIVA: THERE WAS NOT a t-shirt on the bed some minutes ago.

Obs.: THERE WAS é o passado de THERE IS e THERE WERE é o passado de THERE ARE.

10) Write sentences using there is X there was and there are X there were:

a) people = ____________________________________________________________

b) cars = ____________________________________________________________

c) traffic = ____________________________________________________________

d) pollution = ____________________________________________________________

e) small buildings = ____________________________________________________________

f) noise = ____________________________________________________________

g) tall buildings = ____________________________________________________________

11) Rewrite these sentences in the past form:

a) There are many parks here.

____________________________________________________________
b) There isn’t an airport in Lake city.
_____________________________________________________________.
c) Are there many people living in the country?
_____________________________________________________________.
d) Is there a shopping mall on this street?
_____________________________________________________________.
e) There aren’t computers in this school.
______________________________________________________________.
f) There is a lake next to the stadium.
_________________________________________________________________.