DEL CARMEN INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

INFLUENCE OF A TOXIC WORKPLACE ON THE LOSS OF MOTIVATION OF THE

EMPLOYEES

by
researchers:
Coloma, Adrian
Morales, Darwin
Musni, Ella Mae Ann
Patio, Justine

Submitted to:
Sir. Emmanuel H. Lulu
 CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

“When a workplace becomes toxic, its poison spreads beyond its walls and into the lives of

its workers and their families”. It is a famous quote about toxic workplace that came from Gary

Champman. Workplace environment is the sum of the interrelationships that exists within the

employees and the environment in which they work. [1] The impact of a toxic workplace

environment may be felt throughout every organization, but few employees are willing to file

formal complaints against such behavior for personal reasons, making it difficult to researchers

to record and study such incidents. A toxic workplace environment defined as the cruel and

frequently violent treatment of people, which jeopardizes employee safety and health. Employee

well-being here refers to a state of contentment that people experience as a result of feeling

secure and satisfied.

A toxic workplace has many effects to the employees that make them unmotivated. It can

make the most dedicated employee lose productivity, disengage from the culture, and even leave

the company. Another related study proved that a toxic workplace has negative effects on

employees such as harassment, bullying, and ostracism. That’s why in this study, the researchers

will focus on the influence of a toxic workplace on the loss of motivation of the employees. If it

does really contribute to employees’ loss of motivation?

Review of Related Literature

 [2] A toxic workplace environment is defined by narcissistic behavior; offensive, and

aggressive leadership; threatening behavior from managers and co-workers; and harassment,

bullying, and ostracism. This shows that any negative traits you show in a workplace is can be

one of the factors that shows a toxic workplace environment. According to Rasool and Wang

(2021) a toxic work environment is a climatic factor that destroys our sense of security and

inevitably has a negative impact on our health. Additionally organizational support is an

important source of employee engagement.

According to Bai (2016) a healthy workplace environment is important and beneficial to

each employee as it enhances and improves employee performance and productivity, increases

employee manager trust, and reduces turnover and absenteeism. Evidence has suggested that a

healthy workplace nurtures job satisfaction and contributes to the quality of service, and

motivates workers, which ultimately, leads to employees’ productivity and reduce health

hazards, illness and other unacceptable behavior.

[3] A toxic environment is considered a disaster for organizational stakeholders and

permeates the whole environment of the organization with toxicity such as lack of employee

involvement, toxic culture, and eventually toxic leaders. According to Iqbal (2021), the presence

of a toxic workplace environment is found to have negative effects on employee outcomes, such

as stress and engagement.

A cooperative workplace environment can enhance work productivity, but a toxic

workplace environment can deteriorate worker performance. According to Koum Paraki (2017),
the effects of poor motivation in the workplace are well-attested: higher employee turnover

lower levels of engagement, poor communication and diminished productivity are a few of the

issues that may proliferate and lead to your workplace become a toxic environment.

According to Bakker and Albrencht (2021), an engaged employee is a motivated, self-

guided, and contributive member who represents a valuable addition to the human capital and

promotes organizational growth and development. The direct relationship between a toxic

workplace environment and employee engagement confirms that if employees are working in a

toxic environment, they will spread negative feelings among other co-workers.

Synthesis

The researchers’ gathered related literature stating the following:

A toxic workplace environment can have a negative impact on employees’ performance,

productivity, trust, reduced turnover and absenteeism. Workers feel unmotivated in unhealthy

work environments. The lack of motivation will drain the energy of employees if they

surrounded with unmotivated co-workers. It can also lead to having negative feelings among co-

workers. To create a healthy workplace environment, organizations must consider the toxic

environment.

The review of related literature found by the researchers will serve as the founding basis in

conducting the research study.

Research Objectives:

The general aim of this research is to determine if there is a relationship between the toxic

workplace and the loss of motivation of the employees.

Statement of the Problem

The study aimed to determine the relationship between toxic workplace and the loss of

motivation of the employees. To be more specific, these are the following questions that need to

considered:

1. What effects does the toxic workplace impose on a person’s personal profile?

1.1. Gender

1.2. Monthly Income

2. Are the following factors considered to be an indicator of a toxic workplace environment?

2.1. Absenteeism

2.2. Work Related Participation

2.3. Management Style

3. What are the influences that a toxic workplace environment brings to the employees’

motivation?

Hypotheses of the Study

Two hypotheses were established in response to the sub-research questions:

H0: There is a significant relationship between toxic workplace and loss of motivation of the

employees. 

H1: There is no significant relationship between toxic workplace and the loss of motivation of the

employees.

Conceptual Framework

Absenteeism

Work
Toxic Loss of
Related
workplace Participation Motivation

Management
Style

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework

Figure 1 represents the indicators of a toxic workplace influencing employees’ loss of

motivation. As shown in the figure, the study has two variables which are the toxic workplace

and the loss of motivation. There are three indicators of a toxic workplace that that influence the

loss of motivation of the employees. These are the absenteeism, work related participation, and

management style of a workplace.

Significance of the Study

The primary beneficiaries of this study are the employers, employees, the researchers, the

future researchers who will conduct the same study soon, students, and the parents. This study is

the answer to the knowledge needed by the researchers and the future researchers, and also to

those employees who had experience a toxic workplace that caused their loss of motivation. This

research will serve as proof of the loss of motivation of the workers who had experience that

kind of workplace environment setup. This study is significant to the companies who still have

this kind of workplace setup, by this study they may do some improvements and prepare for this

workplace setup. A salient contribution of this study is its impact on the facilitator’s

responsibility and accountability to its employees, to the company, and to the researchers’

personnel. This is yet the most significant to the future researchers from the motivational

fulfillment.

Employers: The employers will benefit from this study in a way that they will gain more

knowledge about toxic environment, and when they gain more knowledge about it, toxic

workplace environment will be avoided and considered.

Employees: The employees will benefit from this study in a way that they will have awareness if

ever they encounter a toxic workplace environment so that they will avoid entering on a

workplace that has a toxic environment.

Researchers: The researchers will benefit from this study in a way that they will be more

knowledgeable and to acquire ideas about it and it can be a reference to them in defining the
research gap. They also can gain more reliable information to spread through a massive number

of people especially for the employees.

Future Researchers: The future researchers will benefit from this study in a way that they will

be guided in doing research and help them to find the lack of the previous researchers in doing

the study about the influence of a toxic workplace on the loss of motivation of the employees.

Students: The students will benefit from this study in a way that they will be guided in entering

a job, and know what to look for in a workplace.

Parents: The parents will benefit from this study in a way of determining the reasons why their

working son/daughter is suffering from losing motivation.

Scope and Delimitation

The general intent of this study is to determine if there is a relationship between the toxic

workplace and the loss of motivation of the employees.

This study will be conducted on City of San Fernando, specifically around Del Carmen and

nearby barangays. The respondents of this study are the employees.

The researchers will gather data by conducting a survey questionnaire. The data will be

collected from 20-25 respondents employees in Brgy Del Carmen City of San Fernando

Pampanga and its nearby barangays.

Definition of Terms
These are the terms that the researchers have defined:

Toxic

: Very harmful or unpleasant

: In this study it is used for having a unpleasant attitude, behavior, and person in an environment

or place.

Toxic Workplace

: Extreme harsh, malicious or harmful environment

: In this study it is used as a influence to the workers’ loss of motivation

Motivation

: The desire or willingness of someone to do something

: In this study it is used to show the engagement of the employee on his/her workplace.

Loss of Motivation

: Loss; destruction and motivation defined as the desire or willingness

; In this study it is used for destruction of engagement of the employee

Employees

: A person employed for salary or wages

: In this study it is used for the people who work in a workplace

Jeopardizes
: Expose to danger or risk

; In this study it is used for putting a risk on employees’ safety and health

Narcissistic behavior

: Extremely self-centered

: In this study it used for self-centered/ needs special treatment

Deteriorate

: To make inferior in quality or value

: In this study it is used to make the workers’ performance low

 CHAPTER II

METHODOLOGY

Research Design

Researchers will use a quantitative study approach with a structured questionnaire,

statistical analysis increases the accuracy of data Berndt and Petzer (2011). Thus, the researchers

used an adopted survey questionnaire to analyze the responses of the respondents in terms of

their demographic profile, however in analyzing the impacts of social media on consumer buying

decision it is in Likert rating scale that contains different measurement from strongly agree,

agree, disagreed and strongly disagreed. Furthermore, the descriptive method was used by the

researchers, which is used to provide a comprehensive description of persons, circumstances, or

occurrences. (Nascimento, 2019). Researchers will use the correlational method to find a

connection or relationship between two or more variables. (Apuke, 2017). The correlational

method was used to test the relationship between the impacts of social media on consumer

buying decision on buying decision.

Population of the Study

The study's target population are college students in Business Studies Major in Business

Entrepreneurship that are currently enrolled at Don Honorio Ventura State University. The

researchers chose them because they were relevant with the subject of data that are set to be

gathered in the study. Along with that, the ages of the target population are match with the

criteria in the study.

Sampling Size 
 Using the Raosoft Sample Size Calculator, the minimum required sample size of

respondents is not less than 256, from a total of 256 population of entrepreneur students from Don

Honorio Ventura State University. 

Sampling Design

The researchers will use random sampling method in which the samples are chosen based

on the criteria laid out by the researchers to determine the respondents. During the distribution of

these questions a total of 256 students were gathered. The data from the random sampling

procedure will be used to choose the respondents from a wider population using a probability-

based method. In this technique the researcher chooses elements from a target population by

choosing a random starting point and selects sample members after a fixed sampling sample

from the population.

Research Locale

The research study will be conducted in Don Honorio Ventura State University College

of Business Studies found at Cabambangan, Bacolor Pampanga.

Data Gathering Procedure

 The information will be gathered through an online survey using Google Forms from

Entrepreneurship students that are currently enrolled at Don Honorio Ventura State University

students who were 15 years old and above. The researchers will focus on the objectives of the

study. To collect data from the study, the researchers will use the purposive sampling, a non-

random sampling with a criterion in determining samples such as the students have experience

the impact of social media on their purchasing decisions.

Furthermore, the survey questionnaire used in the study was adopted from the same study

entitled “The Impact of Content Marketing, Social Media Marketing and Online Convenience on

Consumer Buying Decision Process” Alkharabsheh, Zhen (2021). The researchers gave the

respondents a preview of the survey forms and asked for their permission to answer the

questions, which they could see on the first page of the questionnaire. The researchers directly

input all of the acquired data, and it was treated with absolute confidentiality.

Research Instrument

The survey questionnaire will be prepare to meet the objectives of the study. The

researchers opted to gather survey questionnaires via the internet to allow respondents to express

their thoughts via answering questions to collect data efficiently and effectively. The instrument

was taken from Alkharabsheh, Zhen (2021). “The Impact of Content Marketing, Social Media

Marketing and Online Convenience on Consumer Buying Decision Process” certain changes

such as the product and the demographic profile of the respondents to the study. The respondents

were asked their demographic profile to appropriately analyze the relationship between impacts

of social media on consumer buying decision and buying decision.

 The respondents will be given a modified Likert Scale to respond to the questions, with

the choices being strongly agreed, agree, disagreed, and strongly disagreed. This aids the group

in gathering information from the respondents' responses to questions about buying decision and

impacts of social media on consumer buying decision. Conducting an online survey

questionnaire helped the group much since it automatically collected the responses and

calculated the proportion of people who answered every question.

 Part 1 consist of questions that respondents the impacts of social media on consumer

buying decision be assessed and buying decision be assessed.

Statistical Treatment

The following statistical techniques were used to analyze the gathered data from the

questionnaires.

Frequency and Percentage. This was used to describe the profile of the respondents.

Weighted Mean. This was computed to determine the average response of the respondents on

the various factors considered in the study.

Standard Deviation. It informs users how much variance there is within a set of data. It

calculates the group's difference from the mean. (Killie, L.W 2015).

One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). This was utilized to determine the significant

difference in buying decision when grouped according to demographic profile.

Response Category Mean Range

Impacts of Social Media on Consumer Buying Decision on Buying Decision

Convenience, Content Marketing, Social Media Marketing and Buying Decision

Response Category                                                     Mean Range

1 = Highly Disagree                                                     1.00 – 1.49

2 = Disagree                                                                 1.50 – 2.49

3 = Agree                                                                      2.50 – 3.49

4 = Highly Agree                                                         3.50 – 4.00

References
Greetings!

We are 3rd year students from Don Honorio Ventura State University pursuing degree of

Bachelor of Science in Business Administration Major in Marketing Management and currently

enrolled in Business Research as a part of our course requirement.

We are in the process of gathering data for the completion of this paper. Rest assured that

the information and data that you will be providing to us will be used solely for this study and

will be kept confidential.

Thank you for your time and consideration!

Demographic Profile:

1. Age: __18-30 __31-50 __51 and above

2. Sex: __ Male __ Female

3. Monthly Allowance

__ Below Php5,000

__ Php5,000 – Php10,000

__ Php10,001 - Php15,000

__ Php15,001 Above

4. Year & Section (please specify): __________________

PART II:

Respondents are asked to determine whether they agreed or disagreed with each question stated

using a Likert Scale (1 = strongly disagreed, 2 = disagree, 3 = agree, 4 = strongly agree) response

framework.

CONVENIENCE
 (1) (2) (3) (4)

C1. I can get information easily that lead to

buying decision

C2. I can shop anytime I want

C3. It is very fast to complete my buying

decision process

C4. I shop online because it is easy and

convenience to navigate the website

CONTENT MARKETING

(1) (2) (3) (4)

CM1. I attracted by the content in the product

description

CM2. I like the content in the product

description

CM3. I read the content information until the

end

CM4. I think the content fits well

with the product

SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING

(1) (2) (3) (4)

SMM1. I recommend others about my favourite

social media commerce platform

SMM2. I am proud to tell others about my

purchase on my favourite social media

commerce site

SMM3. I enjoy buying on social media

commerce site because of the services quality it

offers

SMM4. I spread the benefit of purchase product

on social media commerce site to others

BUYING DECISION

(1) (2) (3) (4)

BD1. I enjoy my buying decision process

through online shopping

BD2. I have strong desire of buying decision for

internet marketing over traditional marketing

BD3. Digital marketing affects me on my

buying decision process

BD4. Digital Marketing can make me feel

less stressed in making decision by variety

of choices