KOC-P-002 Part 2 Rev 7

STANDARDS PUBLICATION
KOC STANDARD FOR

INTERNAL LINING OF STEEL TANKS
AND VESSELS PART 2:
INTERNAL LINING OF ABOVE GROUND
STEEL TANKS
DOC. NO.: KOC-P-002, PART 2

(Rev. 7)
STANDARDS TEAM
DOC. NO.: KOC-P-002 PT. 2 Page 2 of 55 REV. 7
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page No.
FOREWORD 5
1.0 SCOPE 6
2.0 APPLICATION 8
3.0 TERMINOLOGY 8
3.1 Definitions 8
3.2 Abbreviations 9
4.0 REFERENCE STANDARDS, CODES AND SPECIFICATIONS 10

4.1 Conflicts 10
4.2 List of Standards, Codes and Specifications 10
5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS 14
6.0 HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT 14

6.1 General 14
6.2 Isolation of Tank and Related Piping 15
6.3 Purging and Ventilating the Tank (Vapour-Freeing) 16
7.0 LINING MATERIALS 16

7.1 General 16
7.2 Materials Packaging and Storage 16
7.3 Epoxy Holding (Blast) Primer 17
7.4 Caulking Compounds 17
7.5 Fiberglass Lining System 18
7.6 High Build Epoxy-Fast Cure (HBE-FC) & Glass Flake Lining
System 18
7.7 Epoxy Lining System 19
7.8 Material Approvals 19
7.9 Product Qualification Test (PQT) & Site Demonstration 25
7.10 Vendor Report, Lab Testing Requirement & Product Qualification
Requirement 29
8.0 SURFACE PREPARATION 29

8.1 General 29
8.2 Tank Preparation (For Rehabilitation Works): Removal of
Liquid Product and Bottom Sediment from Existing Tanks 30
8.3 Patching and Grinding (For Rehabilitation Works) 31
8.4 Contaminants Removal 31
8.5 Abrasive Blasting 31
8.6 Humidity Control 33
8.7 After Blast Cleaning 33
8.8 Striker Plates and Internal Appurtenances 34
9.0 LINING & COATING APPLICATION 35

9.1 General 35
9.2 Areas to be Lined 37
9.3 Weather Conditions 37
9.4 Primer Application 38
9.5 Caulking Application 38
9.6 Fiberglass Laminate Application 39
9.7 Glass Flake & High Build Epoxy-Fast Cure (HBE-FC) Application 41
9.8 Epoxy Lining Application 42
9.9 Curing 43
10.0 INSPECTION AND TESTING 43

10.1 General Requirements 43
10.2 Environmental Conditions Testing 44
10.3 Materials and Equipment Inspection 44
10.4 Compressed Air and Abrasive 44
10.5 Surface Preparation Inspection 45
10.6 Lining Film Thickness 45
10.7 Curing Hardness Test 46
10.8 Holiday Detection Test 47
10.9 Adhesion Test 47
10.10 Visual Inspection 47
10.11 Defects and Pinholes Repair 48
10.12 Tank Marking and Company Logo 48
11.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE 48
12.0 DOCUMENTATION 49
12.1 General 49
12.2 Work Proposal 49
12.3 Work Records / Reports 50
12.4 Lining Summary Report 50
13.0 APPENDICES 51-54

Appendix 1: Caulking Application 51
Appendix 2: Fiberglass Application 52
Appendix 3: Tank Coating & Lining Summary 53
Appendix 4: Inspection Report Format 54
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 55
Revision 7: Summary of Major Changes in this Revision (Rev. 7)
No. Clause Description of the Major Changes

1 FOREWORD Modified.
2 1.0 Modified.
3 3.2, 4.1 & 4.2 Revised and updated.
4 7.1.3 Sub-Clause modified.
7.2, 7.4, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8, 7.9

5 Sub-Clauses are modified.
& 7.10
6 8.3, 8.5 & 8.8 Sub-Clauses are modified.
8.7.7, 9.3 (e, f), 9.5.8 &

7 Sub-Clauses added.
9.6.4
9.1, 9.2, 9.4, 9.6.1, 9.7 &

9.8
10.1, 10.4, 10.6, 10.7 &

10.9
Sub-Clauses added and subsequent sub clauses are

10 10.10 & 10.12
suitably renumbered.
11 12.1.4, 12.1.5 Sub-Clauses added.
12 12.4 Sub-Clause modified.
13 Appendix 2 Modified.
14 Appendix 3 & 4 New Appendices added.

FOREWORD I7I
This document “KOC Standard for Internal Lining of Steel Tanks and Vessels Part 2 :
Internal Lining of Above Ground Steel Tanks” (KOC-P-002 Part 2, Rev. 7) is intended to
provide the minimum technical requirements of appropriate and proven materials for the
different lining systems to protect the internal steel surfaces of tanks from internal corrosion.
The earlier document (KOC-P-002, Pt. 2 Rev. 6) issued in August 2015, has been revised for
incorporation of Cost Optimisation Recommendations and conformance with the revisions of
relevant International / National Standards and incorporation of latest technical requirements
in this field.
This Standard is part of the KOC-P-002 Series on “Internal Lining of Steel Tanks and Vessels”.
The other parts of this series are:
Part 1: Gunite Lining of Steel Vessels,

Part 3: Internal Lining of Steel Vessels.
This KOC Standard (Rev. 7) has been approved by the Standards Team, in consultation with
the ESTC Sub-Committee (Technical), for use throughout the Engineering and Operational
Functions of Kuwait Oil Company (K.S.C.).
This Standard sets out to achieve the following objectives:
a) To outline general technical practices and procedures for material selection, installation,
maintenance and inspection / testing of lining systems for the protection of internal
surfaces of vessels subjected to aggressive environment.
b) To provide the technical guidance for field application, surface preparation, inspection and
testing requirements in order to achieve quality, reliability and positive Health, Safety and
Environment (HSE) performance.
c) To harmonise current practices by codification, rationalisation, standardisation and internal
control of acceptable existing practices.
d) To set out minimum requirements and guidance for monitoring compliance of materials
and testing within a Project.
e) To act as a tool for internal communication from which future safety, environmental and
technological changes can be measured.
f) To maintain the Health, Safety and Environment (HSE), including Process Safety
Management (PSM), requirements for the safety, integrity & protection of personnel,
environment and assets.
Feedback as well as any comments or suggestions derived from the application of this
Standard at any stage of construction, maintenance and field experiences are invited and
should be directed to:
The Team Leader Standards

(Chairman, ESTC Sub-Committee (Technical))
Projects Support Services Group, KOC
P. O. Box 9758, Ahmadi 61008
State of Kuwait
1.0 SCOPE I7I
1.1 This Standard specifies the minimum requirements for surface preparation, materials,
application, inspection testing, repairs and documentation of handlayed reinforced
fiberglass lining, glass flake epoxy, phenolic epoxy, solvent free epoxy and high build
epoxy systems, intended to be applied on internal surfaces of above ground storage
tanks for corrosion prevention as specified in Table I & Table-II below:
This Standard covers both new tank construction as well as tanks that has been in
service and taken for maintenance.
Table I - Type of Lining for Internal Surfaces of Storage Tanks (Operating upto 70 °C)
Tank Roof
Tank Shell Nozzle
Bottom & Structure, Unders
Tanks Bottom Above Internal &
Lower Roof Leg ide &
(Soil Side) 0.6 m Piping
Shell Truss
Brackish & Fire
Fighting Water
FGRL up to
Tank / Wash HBE(2) PE PE / HBE (5) PE PE
0.6 m
Water Tank / Dry
Tank
Effluent / Source /
Treated Water /
FGRL up to PE/GF(
Wet Crude / Dual HBE(2) GF GF(1) PE 3)
0.6 m
Crude / Floating
Roof (3)
Floating Roof (Dry FGRL up to No HBE (5) PE No
HBE(2)
/ Export Crude) 0.6 m Coating (within 0.6 m) (within 0.6 m) Coating
Fresh / Potable
SFE(4) HBE(2) SFE(4) SFE(4) SFE(4) SFE(4)
Water
Diesel Tank PE HBE(2) PE PE PE PE
Remarks
Note 1: If GF cannot be applied on structure due to its shape, then PE / HBE (5) can be applied.
Note 2: Tank bottom plate underside (soil side) shall be coated with HBE, which shall meet the requirement as
per this Standard.
Note 3: For effluent water floating roof tanks, Glass flake epoxy shall be applied on roof underside. All other
tanks, for roof underside, Phenolic Epoxy can be applied.
Note 4: Lining products used for Fresh / Drinking / Potable water shall be solvent free and shall have valid
certification to use with water for human consumption at applicable operating temperature. The certificate shall
be issued from Ministry of Health / Ministry of Electricity & Water, Kuwait or any other approved agencies /
laboratory like NSF / ANSI 61, WRAS etc.
Note 5: HBE can be Resin or Gel coat used in Fiberglass lining system and is restricted to apply till 0.6 m from
bottom plate. Remaining area of the structure to be lined as per above table.
Table I - General Notes
Note A: All internal piping spools (2” and above) inside tanks (except fresh / potable water service) shall be
internally & externally lined with Phenolic epoxy.
Note B:
1. All blind flanges, roof manways & its manway cover (except for potable water tank) shall be coated with Phenolic
Epoxy.
2. Manway, manway cover, COD and COD cover within lower shell course shall be lined with fiberglass lining
system.
Note C: Lining Selection for tanks, which is not in the above list, shall be based on the maximum operating
temperature & service. The proposal shall be duly accepted by KOC (I&CT).
FGRL: Fiberglass Reinforced Lining / GF: Glass Flake / HBE: High Build Epoxy / PE : Phenolic Epoxy /
SFE: Solvent Free Epoxy / COD: Clean Out Door
Table II -Type of Lining for Internal Surfaces of Storage Tanks (Operating Above 70 °C)
Tank Tank
Nozzle Roof
Bottom & Bottom
Tanks Shell Structure Internal & Underside
Lower (Soil
Piping & Truss
Shell Side)
HBE- HBE-FC / HBE-FC (3) /

All Tanks HBE-FC HBE(2) PE
FC PE(1) PE
Floating Roof HBE-FC / PE
No
tanks (Export / Dry HBE-FC HBE(2) PE(1) (within 0.6 No Coating
Coating
Crude) (within 0.6 m) m)
Remarks
Note 1: If HBE-FC cannot be applied due to its shape / configuration, then PE, which can meet the service
temperature, can be applied.
Note 2: All Tank bottom plate underside (soil side) shall be coated with HBE, which shall meet the requirement of
this Standard and shall withstand the service temperature.
Note 3: Roof Underside of floating roof tank shall be lined with HBE-FC.
General Notes
Note A: All internal piping spools (2” and above) inside the tanks (except fresh/ potable water tanks) shall be
internally and externally lined with PE (subject to the coating products tolerance to operating temperature and
service condition).
Note B:
1. All blind flanges, roof manways & its manway cover shall be coated with PE (subject to the coating products
tolerance to operating temperature and service condition).
2. All manway, manway cover, COD and COD cover within lower shell course shall be lined with GF system.
Note C: Lining Selection for tanks, which is not in the above list shall be based on the maximum operating
temperature, service type and operation condition. The proposal shall be duly accepted by KOC (I&CT).
Note D: Fast curing high build epoxies with or without glass flakes can be utilised for tank internal lining.
Note-E: HBE-FC and Phenolic epoxy, which is applied for tanks, operating above 70 °C shall meet the requirement
as specified in this Standard.
PE : Phenolic Epoxy / HBE: High Build Epoxy / HBE-FC: High Build Epoxy-Fast Cure / COD: Clean Out Door
2.0 APPLICATION
2.1 All the materials and equipment used for surface preparation, coating application,
inspection, testing and repairs shall conform to the requirements of this Standard and
the referenced standards and codes herein.
2.2 Any exception or deviations from this Standard, along with their merits & justification,
shall be brought to the attention of KOC Controlling Team for their review, consideration
and amendment by Standards Team (if required).
2.3 Compliance with this Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal or statutory
obligations.
3.0 TERMINOLOGY
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of this Standard, the following definitions apply:
3.1.1 Applicator
An organisation, contractor or subcontractor having the technical capability, knowledge,
equipment, qualified personnel that is approved by KOC for the coating processes as
required by this Standard.
3.1.2 Caulking
Caulking is the process of applying a 98-100 % solid catalysed epoxy material (caulking
compound) on tank internal surfaces to fill pores / pits or to cover weld seams, lap joints,
large projections, connections etc. This is to provide a uniform gradual transition and
smooth surfaces.
3.1.3 Coat
A continuous layer of a coating material that results from a single application.
3.1.4 Contractor
Vendor Company or business that agrees to furnish materials and / or perform specific
project / services to KOC at specific price and / or rate defined by the contract.
3.1.5 Curing
Curing is the setting up or hardening, generally due to a reaction between two or more
chemicals (e.g., resin and curing agent) resulting in the final polymerised product in the
lining system.
3.1.6 Dew Point

Dew Point is the temperature at which the water vapour in the air becomes saturated
and condensation begins.
3.1.7 Dry Film Thickness

The dry film thickness of coating is measured by film thickness gauge and expressed in
microns or mils; 1000 microns are equivalent to 40 mils.
3.1.8 Fiberglass Lining

A cold curing thermosetting resin coating based on solvent free resin, with Fiberglass
reinforcement, which cures by chemical reaction at normal ambient temperature to form
a surface barrier.
3.1.9 Grit
A term used to describe the angular or irregularly shaped particles of abrasives used.
3.1.10 Holiday
A discontinuity in a protective coating (e.g., cracks, pinholes, voids, etc.) that exhibits
electrical conductivity when exposed to specific voltage.
3.1.11 Manufacturer
The KOC approved parties that manufacture coating, lining, wrapping and insulation
materials.
3.1.12 Surface Profile

The micro-roughness of surface, generally expressed as the average height of the
major peaks relative to the major valleys.
3.2 Abbreviations I7I
ANSI American National Standards Institute
API American Petroleum Institute
ASTM American Society for Testing & Materials
COD Clean Out Door
CRA Corrosion Resistance Alloy
DFT Dry Film Thickness
FGRL Fiberglass Reinforced Lining
GF Glass Flake
HBE High Build Epoxy
HBE-FC High Build Epoxy-Fast Cure
HSE Health, Safety and Environment
HSSE Health, Safety, Security and Environment
I&CT Inspection and Corrosion Team
ISD Inherently Safer Design
ISO International Organisation for Standardisation
JSA Job Safety Analysis

KOC Kuwait Oil Company (K.S.C.)
KPC Kuwait Petroleum Corporation
SDS Safety Data Sheet
NACE National Association of Corrosion Engineers
NSF National Sanitation Foundation
PE Phenolic Epoxy
PPE Personal Protective Equipment
PTW Permit to Work
QA Quality Assurance
QC Quality Control
RH Relative Humidity
SDS Safety Data Sheet
SFE Solvent Free Epoxy
SORF Slip-On Raised Face
SSPC The Society for Protecting Coatings
WFT Wet Film Thickness
WRAS Water Regulations Advisory Scheme
4.0 REFERENCE STANDARDS, CODES AND SPECIFICATIONS
4.1 Conflicts I7I
In the event of conflict(s) between this Standard and the Standards / Codes,
Specifications referred herein, or other technical, purchase / contractual requirements
specified in the Project Document, the subject shall be brought to the attention of KOC
Controlling Team for resolution.
4.2 List of Standards, Codes and Specifications I7I
The latest edition of the following Standards, Codes and Specifications (including
amendment if any) shall apply:
4.2.1 National / International Standards and Codes
NSF / ANSI 61 American National Standard Addressing the Human Health Effects
of Drinking Water System Components
API STD 650 Welded Tanks for Oil Storage

API RP 652 Linings of Aboveground Petroleum Storage Tank Bottoms
API STD 653 Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration and Reconstruction
ASTM578 / D578M Standard Specification for Glass Fiber Strands
ASTM D870 Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings Using
Water Immersion
ASTM D1763 Standard Specification for Epoxy Resins
ASTM D2583 Standard Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Rigid Plastics
by Means of a Barcol Impresser
ASTM D2697 Standard Test Method for Volume Non-volatile Matter in Clear or
Pigmented Coatings
ASTM D3363 Standard Test Method for Film Hardness by Pencil Test
ASTM D4060 Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic

Coatings by the Taber Abraser
ASTM D 4285 Standard Test Method for Indicating Oil or Water in Compressed
Air
ASTM D4414 Standard Practice for Measurement of Wet Film Thickness by

Notch Gages
ASTM D4417 Standard Test Method for Field Measurement of Surface Profile of
Blast Cleaned Steel
ASTM D4541 Standard Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using
Portable Adhesion Testers
ASTM D5064 Standard Practice for Conducting a Patch Test to Assess Coating
Compatibility
ASTM D5420 Standard Test Method for Impact Resistance of Flat, Rigid Plastic
Specimen by Means of a Striker Impacted by a Falling Weight
(Gardner Impact)
ASTM D7588 Standard guide for FT-IR Fingerprinting of a Non-Aqueous Liquid

Paint as Supplied in the Manufacturer's Container
ISO 868 Plastics and Ebonite - Determination of Indentation Hardness by

Means of a Durometer (Shore Hardness)
ISO 2078 Textile Glass - Yarns - Designation
ISO 2812 Paints and Varnishes - Determination of Resistance to Liquids:

Part 1: Immersion in Liquids other than Water and
Part 2: Water Immersion Method
ISO 3233-1 Paints and Varnishes — Determination of the Percentage Volume

of Nonvolatile Matter Part 1 - Method Using a Coated Test Panel
to Determine Non-Volatile Matter and to Determine Dry Film
Density by the Archimedes Principle
ISO 8501-1 Preparation of Steel Substrates before Application of Paints and

Related Products - Visual Assessment of Surface Cleanliness:
Rust Grades and Preparation Grades of Uncoated Steel
Substrates and of Steel Substrates after Overall Removal of
Previous Coatings
ISO 8502-2 Preparation of Steel Substrates before Application of Paint and

Related Products - Tests for the Assessment of Surface
Cleanliness - Part 2: Laboratory Determination of Chloride on
Cleaned Surfaces
ISO 8502-3 Part 3: Assessment of Dust on Steel Surfaces Prepared for

Painting (Pressure-Sensitive Tape Method)
ISO 8502-6 Part 6: Extraction of Water Soluble Contaminants for Analysis

(Brestle Method)
ISO 8502-9 Part 9: Field Method for the Conductometric Determination of

Water-Soluble Salts
ISO 9000 Quality Management System (Series of Standards)
ISO 9227 Corrosion Tests in Artificial Atmospheres - Salt Spray Tests
ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems – Requirements with

Guidance for Use
ISO 17025 General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and

Calibration Laboratories
ISO 21809-3 Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries - External Coatings For
Buried or Submerged Pipelines Used in Pipeline Transportation
Systems - Part 3: Field Joint Coatings
ISO 45001 Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems –

Requirements with Guidance for Use
NACE SP0287 Field Measurement of Surface Profile of Abrasive Blast Cleaned

Steel Surfaces Using a Replica Tape
NACE SP0178 Design, Fabrication and Surface Finish Practices for Tanks and
Vessels to be Lined for Immersion Service
NACE SP0188 Discontinuity (Holiday) Testing of New Protective Coatings on

Conductive Substrates
NACE TM0174 Laboratory Methods for the Evaluation of Protective Coatings and
Lining Materials on Metallic Substrates in Immersion Service
NACE TM0115 Cathodic Disbondment Test for Coated Steel Structures under
Cathodic Protection
NACE Hand Book Coating and Lining for Immersion Services
SSPC-PA2 Procedure for Determining Conformance to Dry Coating Thickness

Requirements
SSPC-SP1 Solvent Cleaning
SSPC-SP10 Near White Metal Blast Cleaning
4.2.2 KOC Standards
KOC-G-002 KOC Standard for Hazardous Area Classification
KOC-G-007 KOC Standard for Basic Design Data
KOC-L-010 KOC Standard for Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
KOC-MV-007 KOC Standard for Field Erected Storage Tanks
KOC-P-006 KOC Standard for Evaluation and Certification of Blasting and

Coating Contractor / Applicator Personnel
KOC-Q-014 KOC Standard for Project QA / QC General Requirements
4.2.3 KOC Health, Safety & Environment (HSE)
KPC HSSE Policy
KOC.EV.008 Waste Management Procedure
KOC.GE.028 HSE Training, Awareness and Continued Learning Process
KOC.GE.029 HSE Procedure for Decommissioning, De-sludging, Cleaning,

Maintenance and Re-commissioning of Storage Tanks
KOC.GE.034 Housekeeping Procedure
KOC.HE.008 Chemical Hazard Management and Communication Procedure
KOC.SA.003 Manual Handling of Loads
KOC.SA.004 Permit to Work Procedure
KOC.SA.005 Respiratory Protective Equipment (RPE) Procedure
KOC.SA.007 Entry into Confined Spaces
KOC.SA.010 Procedure for Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
KOC.SA.011 High Pressure Water Jetting, Abrasive Blasting and Steam

Cleaning Safety Procedure
KOC.SA.013 Mobile Equipment Procedure
KOC.SA.021 HSE Procedure for Welding and Cutting
KOC.SA.024 Job Safety Analysis (JSA) Procedure
KOC.SA.029 Safety Procedure for Mechanical Handling of Loads
KOC.SA.030 HSE Procedure for Painting and Coating
KOC.SA.031 Working at Height Procedure
Any other relevant and applicable KOC HSE / PSM Documents (Latest) as per the
pertinent requirements.
5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
5.1 The environmental conditions in Kuwait are severe and shall be considered carefully for
selection of coating materials. The atmosphere shall be considered to be dusty,
corrosive and humid with high ambient temperature. The atmosphere may also contain
traces of H2S / SO2 / SOx / NOx gases and airborne chemical contaminants.
5.2 For environmental conditions in Kuwait, refer to KOC-G-007 “KOC Standard for Basic
Design Data”, which provides the detailed design information regarding the
environmental, site and utility supply conditions prevailing throughout the KOC
Facilities.
6.0 HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT
6.1 General
6.1.1 The Contractor / Applicator shall ensure compliance to KPC HSSE Policy, all relevant
and applicable KOC HSE procedures and guidelines during the surface preparation,
lining materials, methods of application and inspection and testing of protective internal
lining of Steel Tanks and Vessels within KOC Facilities to safeguard and protect
personnel, environment and assets.
6.1.2 The Contractor / Applicator personnel, shall take necessary approvals from the relevant
safety authority of KOC, where there is a risk of flammable atmosphere being present
in a particular work area, prior to performing surface preparation. Flame heating
equipment shall not be used in hazardous areas. Refer to KOC-G-002 “KOC Standard
for Hazardous Area Classification”, which describes the area classification for various
Facilities. A prior approval from KOC shall be obtained before the use of any flame
heating equipment at the job site.
6.1.3 Appropriate Permit to Work (PTW) with applicable Job Safety Analysis (JSA) document
for the work to be carried out shall be prepared by the Contractor in accordance with
KOC.SA.004 “Permit to Work Procedure” & KOC.SA.024 “Job Safety Analysis
Procedure” and submitted to KOC Controlling Team for approval prior to
commencement of work. The PTW and JSA shall address all relevant requirements
specified by the Coating / Lining Manufacturer. The JSA of the work in confined space
entry shall be in accordance with the KOC.SA.007 “Entry into Confined Spaces” & all
control measures shall be implemented and communicated to all involved workers

before commencing the work.
6.1.4 All personnel engaged in site works shall have successfully undergone all the applicable
trainings and awareness courses as per the “Matrix of identified Categories of personnel
identified under ‘HSE Training’ and ‘HSE Awareness’ for Contractors’ Employees” in
the KOC.GE.028 “HSE Training, Awareness and Continued learning Process”.
6.1.5 All personnel carrying out site works, including Supervisors, shall use appropriate
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) during the execution of works as identified by the
job requirement and in line with the requirements of KOC.SA.010 “Procedure for
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)” and KOC-L-010 “KOC Standard for Personal
Protective Equipment”.
6.1.6 Adequate lighting shall be provided using KOC approved high intensity floodlights or
spotlights of safe voltage levels to provide good visibility during surface preparation,
lining application and inspection / testing. The temporary power supply circuit shall have
earth leakage circuit breaker. Temporary lighting shall comply with the requirement
specified in KOC.SA.007 “Entry into Confined Spaces”.
6.1.7 The tools and equipment used for the works shall be periodically inspected and certified
for safe use in all KOC areas. Contractor’s mobile plant / equipment entering KOC areas
shall be certified “Fit for Service” by Third Party Inspector and shall obtain clearance
certificate as per KOC.SA.013 “Mobile Equipment Procedure”.
6.1.8 The Contractor personnel shall take all necessary precautionary measures to ensure
safe handling of loads during the work as per KOC.SA.003 “Manual Handling of Loads”
and KOC.SA.029 “Safety procedure for Mechanical Handling of Loads”.
6.1.9 The Contractor shall manage all wastes (hazardous / non-hazardous) arising out of
work activities in a safe and environmentally friendly manner in accordance with the
KOC.EV.008 “Waste Management Procedure”. All personnel engaged at site work in
KOC areas shall be fully aware of the need for good housekeeping and shall adhere to
KOC.GE.034 “Housekeeping Procedure” during all work activities.
6.2 Isolation of Tank and Related Piping
6.2.1 The tank shall be positively isolated by blind flange (spade, spectacle blind etc.) as
applicable before commencement of any work. Any manifold lines such as vents fill or
suction shall be "blanked off" from other existing tanks and lines that are to remain in
service during the entire lining process. Product & vapour recovery lines shall be
drained off product and purged or disconnected and "blanked off". The Contractor /
Applicator shall use an air-line, while working inside the tank.
6.2.2 All electrical switches supplying current to pumps and other equipment connected to
the tank shall be "locked out". Cathodic protection system & all tubular housing and
conduits connected to the tanks for gauging or other instrumentation purpose shall be
disconnected.
6.3 Purging and Ventilating the Tank (Vapour-Freeing)
6.3.1 Continual ventilation shall be provided during the entire blasting and lining process to
maintain safe limits. The rate of airflow used to purge and ventilate shall be determined
by the size of the tank, with a minimum of Two (2) air exchanges per hour.
6.3.2 During the entire purging process, tests for flammable vapour concentrations shall be
conducted and results for at least Two (2) consecutive tests shall fall in the acceptable
range for Confined Space Entry in compliance with KOC.SA.007 “Entry into Confined
Spaces”.
7.0 LINING MATERIALS
7.1 General
7.1.1 All lining materials (including the fiberglass mat and tissue) shall be chemically pure,
uniform in composition and free from inclusions and foreign contaminants. The lining
materials shall not contain any traces of asbestos.
7.1.2 The lining Contractor / Manufacturer shall provide details of manufacturing,

composition, technical specifications, Material Safety Data Sheets, physical properties
and laboratory testing certificates for KOC review and approval.
7.1.3 All the lining materials intended to be used shall have a proper proven track history for
the last Ten (10) years in crude, effluent water and potable water and other service as
specified in Table-I & Table-II with corresponding operating temperature. The history
shall be submitted to KOC for review and approval, which shall include inspection
reports of at least Five (5) tanks after the lining being in service, contact information and
year applied etc. I7I
7.2 Materials Packaging and Storage I7I
7.2.1 Lining materials shall be packaged and delivered to the plant / site in original, tightly
sealed Manufacturer’s containers with batch numbers, storage conditions, date of
manufacture and date of expiry clearly marked thereon. Paint containers, without such
information is not acceptable. Separate sticker for batch number & expiry date is not
acceptable. SDS of the materials shall also to be provided.
7.2.2 All lining materials, solvents and thinners shall be stored in enclosed storage areas or
structures that are well ventilated and protected from temperatures exceeding
Manufacturer’s recommendations, open flames, electrical discharge and direct sunlight.
Air-conditioned storage areas shall be utilised while excessive ambient temperatures
are expected.
All lining materials, solvents, curing agents, oil and equipment cleaners shall be stored
in closed labeled original containers. All electrical fittings and installations in storage
areas should be certified as flameproof ‘Exd’ type.
7.2.3 Storage area shall be demarcated as “No Smoking” area. It shall be secured and no
other material shall be stored in that enclosed area.
7.2.4 Portable fire extinguisher of suitable quality and appropriate quantity shall be provided
at storage area and such extinguishers shall be inspected and approved by Fire Team.
7.2.5 The Manufacturer’s safety precautions and procedures regarding toxicity and safe
mixing, handling, storage and application of coating materials shall be strictly adhered.
They shall be clearly described on the technical data sheet of coating materials and
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) as supplied as well as on the containers.
7.2.6 Original containers after being emptied shall not be re-used for any other purpose and
shall be disposed off as hazardous waste as per KOC.EV.008 “Waste Management
Procedure”.
7.2.7 Arrangement for containment of accidental spill shall be provided in storage area and
shall adhere to KOC.EV.005 “Chemical Spill Cleanup Procedure”.
7.2.8 The Contractor / Applicator shall adhere to KOC.HE.008 “Chemical Hazard

Management and Communication Procedure”.
7.2.9 The material shall be used / issued on First in First out (FIFO) basis.
7.2.10 Room temperature of enclosed storage areas shall be monitored and recorded every 4
hours. This shall be made available to KOC-I&CT, whenever requested.
7.2.11 All lining / coating materials shall be used before its shelf life. Materials, which exceeded
the shelf life, shall be removed from site and storage areas. Lining / coating Manufacturer’s
letter for extending the shelf life is not acceptable.
7.2.12 Any materials containing asbestos shall not be used in packing.
7.3 Epoxy Holding (Blast) Primer
An easily applied rapid curing primer, which cures to a coating with excellent abrasion
and chemical resistance may be used as holding primer. The approved holding primer
shall be compatible with the lining system and as specified in the lining system material
data sheet. Holding primer may not be required if the tank atmosphere is held at less
than 50 % relative humidity by use of an approved dehumidification system. Blast
holding primer shall not be in red or brown shade.
7.4 Caulking Compounds I7I
7.4.1 Caulking compound shall be a mixture of solvent free epoxy resin and treated
aggregates, e.g. Silica Sand / Fumed Silica. A fully cured caulking compound shall be
rigid to provide strength and chemical resistance which shall be compatible with the
lining system.
7.4.2 The approved putties shall be as specified in the lining system material data sheet.
7.5 Fiberglass Lining System
7.5.1 Fiberglass Resin Compound
The resin compound for fiberglass lining system shall be Bisphenol Epoxy Resin. Base
resins shall be Type 1 Grade 1 as per ASTM D1763 100 % pure Bisphenol
Epychlorohydrin epoxide resin of low viscosity at normal room temperature. Epoxy
resin may be an amine adduct cured. Epoxy base blends may be either high molecular
weight Epoxy Phenolic or Novolac base resins of low viscosity at normal room
temperature.
7.5.2 Fiberglass Reinforcement (Hand Lay-up)
a) The fiberglass mat reinforcement shall be Type E or Type C - Glass fiber roving
as per ISO 2078 / ASTM D578 / D578M of size 0.4 mm in diameter of low alkali
borosilicate glass, evenly distributed in a random pattern and bound together with
a chemical binder highly soluble in the laminating resin.
b) The mat shall have a minimum weight of 450 gm/m2 (1.5 oz/ft2), a width of not less
than 1250 mm and shall contain a high solubility binder.
c) The glass surface tissue (surface veil) shall be a light weight glass fiber with a
minimum weight of 20 gm/m2 (9.6 oz/in2) and a minimum width of 1250 mm.
d) The fiber mat tissue and caulking compound, shall be compatible with the resin
intended to use. Compatible letter for each material shall be submitted by the resin
Manufacturer for KOC approval.
7.6 High Build Epoxy-Fast Cure (HBE-FC) & Glass Flake Lining System I7I
7.6.1 Glass Flake Resin Compound
The resin compound for Glass flake system shall be Bisphenol Epoxy Resin Base.
Resins shall be Type 1 Grade 1 as per ASTM D1763, 100 % pure Bisphenol
Epichlorohydrin epoxide resin of low viscosity at normal room temperature.
7.6.2 Epoxy resin may be an amine adduct cured. Epoxy base blends may be either high
molecular weight Epoxy Phenolic or Novolac base resins of low viscosity at normal room
temperature.
7.6.3 Glass-Flake Reinforcement
The glass-flake shall be borosilicate, C Glass fiber platelets with a good water / chemical
resistance. The size of the flake shall be in the range two to seven (2-7) microns thick
and 300 to 1700 micron wide. The C glass shall be as per ISO 2078 / ASTM D578 /
D578M.
7.6.4 High Build Epoxy-Fast Cure (HBE-FC)
The resin compound for High Build Epoxy-Fast Cure (HBE-FC) system shall be
Bisphenol Epoxy Resin Base. Resins shall be 100 % pure Bisphenol Epichlorohydrin
epoxide resin of low viscosity at normal room temperature. Fast curing high build
epoxies with or without glass flakes can be utilised for tank internal lining. The lining
shall fully cure within 24 hours at 25 º C.
7.7 Epoxy Lining System I7I
7.7.1 The Phenolic Epoxy (PE) shall be Amine Cured and shall be capable to withstand
respective service temperature (Immersed).
7.7.2 The High Build Epoxy (HBE) shall be amine adduct. The volume of solids shall be
minimum 80 %. The product shall be intended to apply underside (Soil side) of tank
bottom plate and designed for withstanding buried soil conditions and service
temperature.
7.7.3 Solvent Free Epoxy (SFE) shall be High Build and suitable for using in potable water
service. The lining shall possess certificate of clearance to use on storage items
intended to store water for human consumption from the Ministry of Health /
Ministry of Electricity & Water, Kuwait or any other approved agency / laboratory like
NSF/ ANSI 61, WRAS etc.
7.7.4 The applied linings shall be capable to achieve the required thickness as specified in
this Standard without any film defects like overspray, sagging, orange peel, cracks,
missing, pinholes and other defects.
7.8 Material Approvals I7I
7.8.1 General
a) Test certificates shall be submitted to KOC from an independent testing laboratory

(ISO 17025 certified) for the lining / coating products.
b) The products shall meet the testing requirements as specified in this standard.
Test which is not conducted as per Company refereed international standards are
not accepted.
c) High definition still photography shall be used to capture images of panels during
key stages of testing and evaluation, which shall be submitted to KOC along with
the test report while qualifying the product.
d) Test values obtained on lab test for those test referred to manufacture
recommended value shall be considered as the base value and any further test
carried out later shall achieve similar value as acceptance criterion.
7.8.2 Material Approvals-Fiberglass Lining
Table III - Minimum Technical Requirements for Fiberglass Lining System
Properties Test Method Minimum Acceptance Criteria

Adhesion (with scoring) ASTM D4541 8 MPa
Adhesion (with scoring)
(after immersing the lining into ASTM D4541 7 MPa
60 oC water for 24 hours)
NACE TM0115 (Attached
Cathodic Disbondment Cell Method) at 60 °C for 30 10 mm max.
days
Solids Content ISO 3233-1 99 (+/-1) %
3080 microns (Double Mat)
Total DFT of the System SSPC-PA2
1850 microns (Single Mat)
ASTM D 5420
Impact Resistance No Holiday
(4.5 Joules / 40 in. lbs.)
ISO 2812 Part 1 Method B, No Blistering, Rusting, Cracking and
Chemical Resistance
(for 3000 hours at 40 oC) Flaking
As per KOC Standard, KOC- Free of any cracks, splitting
Flexibility Test
P-002 Part 2 (separation) from the steel base
Hardness, Barcol ASTM D2583 As per Coating Manufacturer
ASTM D4060 (1000 cycles, 100 + / -10 mg weight loss or
Abrasion Resistance
CS17 wheel; 1kg load) reduction in thickness <40 microns
ASTM D 870
Water Absorption Less than 2.5 %
(for 3000 hours at 60 oC)
FT-IR Fingerprinting
(Fourier Transform Infrared ASTM D7588 As per Coating Manufacture test data
Spectroscopy)
7. 8.3 Material Approvals – Glass Flake Lining System
Table IV - Minimum Technical Requirements for Glass Flake Lining System
Minimum Acceptance
Properties Test Method
Criteria

60oC water for 24 hours)
NACE TM0115 (Attached

Cathodic Disbondment Cell Method) at 60 °C for 30 10 mm max.
days
Solids Content ISO 3233-1 100 %
Total DFT of the System SSPC-PA2 1000 µm
ASTM D5420
ISO 2812-1 (Method A, with

No Defects & loss of
crude Oil @ 40 °C for 30
Immersion Test adhesion
days)
ISO 2812 Part 1 Method B No Blistering, Rusting,
Chemical Resistance
(for 3000 hours at 40 oC Cracking and Flaking
As per Coating
Hardness, Barcol ASTM D2583
Manufacturer
ASTM D4060 100 + / - 10 mg weight loss

Abrasion Resistance (1000 cycles, CS17 wheel, or reduction in thickness <
1 kg) 40 microns
ASTM D870
(for 3000 hours at 40 °C)
As per Coating
(Fourier Transform Infrared ASTM D7588
Manufacture test data
Spectroscopy)
7.8.4 Material Approvals –High Build Epoxy- Fast Cure (HBE-FC) Lining System
Table V - Minimum Technical Requirements for High Build Epoxy - Fast Cure
(HBE-FC) Lining System
Minimum Acceptance
Criteria

(after immersing the lining in ASTM D4541 7 MPa
water for 80 °C for 24 hours)
NACE TM0115
Cathodic Disbondment (Attached Cell Method) 15 mm max.
at 80 °C for 30 days)
Solid Content ISO 3233-1 100%
1000 microns (Min 500
Total DFT of the system SSPC-PA2
microns in 2 coats)
ASTM D714 (No Blisters)
Atlas Cell Testing - with NACE TM 0174 Method ASTM D610 Degree of
Temperature gradient of 25 °C A (6 Months at 60 °C) rusting shall be 9 or better,
Hardness as per TM-0174
ASTM D5420
ISO 2812-1 (Method A,
Immersion Test with Crude Oil @ 80 °C No Defects & loss of adhesion
for 30 days)
ISO 2812 Part 1 Method
No Blistering, Rusting,
Chemical Resistance B (for 3000 hours at
Cracking and Flaking
80 °C
Hardness, Barcol ASTM D2583 As per Coating Manufacturer
ASTM D4060 100 + / - 10 mg weight loss or
Abrasion Resistance (1000 cycles, CS17 reduction in thickness < 40
wheel 1 kg) microns
ASTM D870
(for 3000 hours at 80 °C)
As per Coating Manufacture
test data
Spectroscopy)
Remarks:
Note-1: Any product intended to use for higher temperature than mentioned here in shall be
tested for maximum operating temperature and acceptance criterion shall be as per the Table
above.
Note-2: All testing shall be carried out immediately after the full cure as stated in the product
datasheet.
7.8.5 Material Approvals - Phenolic Epoxy Lining System
Table VI - Minimum Technical Requirements for Phenolic Epoxy Lining System
Minimum Acceptance
Criteria
Adhesion (With Scoring) ASTM D4541 8 MPa
Adhesion (With Scoring)

60 oC water for 24 hours)
ASTM D714 (No Blisters)

NACE TM 0174, ASTM D610 (Degree of rusting
Atlas Cell Testing Method A (6 months at shall be 9 or better), Hardness
60 °C) and Adhesion as per NACE TM
0174
NACETM0115
10 mm (max.)
Cathodic Disbondment (Attached Cell Method
at 60 °C for 30 days)
Hardness ASTM D3363 As per Coating Manufacturer
ISO 2812-1 (Method A,
Immersion Test with crude Oil @ 60 °C No Defects & loss of adhesion
for 30 days)
ASTM D870
Water Absorption Less than 3 %
(for 30 days at 60 °C)
ASTM D 5420
Impact Resistance Test No Holiday After Impact Test
(2 Joules / 17.7 in.lbs)
ASTM D4060 (1000 100 +/- 10 mg weight loss or
Abrasion Resistance cycles, CS17 wheel, 1 reduction in thickness < 40
kg) microns
Total DFT of the System SSPC-PA2 300 microns in 3 or 2 coats
As per Coating Manufacture test
data
Spectroscopy)
Remarks:
Note-1: Any product intended to use for higher temperature than mentioned here in shall be tested
for maximum operating temperature and acceptance criterion shall be as per the table above except
for Cathodic Disbondment (CD) Test. The acceptance value of Cathodic Disbondment (CD) test shall
not exceed 15 mm
7.8.6 Material Approvals – Solvent Free Epoxy Lining System
Table VII - Minimum Technical Requirements for Solvent Free Epoxy System
Adhesion (With Scoring) ASTM D 4541 8 Mpa
Adhesion (With Scoring)
after immersing the lining into 60 °C ASTM D 4541 7 Mpa
water for 24 hours
Hardness ASTM D 2240 As per Manufacturer
NACE TM0115 (Attached Cell
Cathodic Disbondment 10 mm max.
Method) at 60 °C for 30 days)
ASTM D 870
Water Absorption Less than 3 %
(for 30 days at 60 °C)
100 + / -10 mg weight loss or
ASTM D 4060 (1000 cycles, CS17
Abrasion resistance reduction in thickness < 40
wheel, 1 Kg load)
microns
ASTM D 5420
Impact Resistance Test No Holiday After Impact Test
(2 Joules / 17.7 in.lbs)
Total DFT of the system SSPC-PA2 400 microns in 1 or 2 coats
data
Spectroscopy)
Certificate of clearance to use on Certificate shall be issued from the Ministry of Health / Ministry of
storage items intended to store Electricity & Water, Kuwait or any other approved agencies / laboratory
Water for human consumption like NSF / ANSI 61, WRAS etc.
7.8.7 Material Approvals – High Build Epoxy (Soil side) Lining System
Table VIII - Minimum Technical Requirements for High Build Epoxy system (Soil
Side Application for Tank bottom)
Volume Solids ASTM D2697 80 %
Minimum thickness SSPC PA 2 (Level 2) Min 400 microns
Temperature Resistance Dry Exposure 65 ºC
Holiday detection
ISO 21809-3; Annex B 3.0 KV/mm
(Test at less than 60 °C)
Impact resistance (holiday ISO 21809-3; Annex G at 20 3 J/mm (@ 20 °C)

detection at 5 kV/mm) °C & - 5 °C 1. 5 J/mm (@ -5 °C)
ISO 21809-3; Annex F at 23 ºC 8.0 mm (@23 °C)
Cathodic disbondment at 28 days
& 65 ºC 15.0 mm (@ 65 °C)
No more than 5 % deviation from the
Hardness (Shore A or D) ISO 868 at 23 ºC
PDS value
Adhesion to plate surface ASTM D4541 at 20 ºC 10.0 Mpa
Adhesion to plate surface after 28- 2 Mpa
day hot-water immersion test at 65 ISO 21809-3; Annex I at 20 °C No more than 5 % deviation from the
°C limited PDS value
ASTM D4060-01 The average weight loss shall not be
Abrasion Resistance (1000 cycle using a Taber more than 115 mg or not more than
Abraser with CS-17 wheel) 75 microns reduction in the DFT
Specific electrical insulation ISO 21809-3; Annex K at
1X 106 Ω•m2
resistance (RS100) 23 °C
data
Spectroscopy)
7.9 Product Qualification Test (PQT) & Site Demonstration I7I
7.9.1 General
a) Any product submitted for approval or requalification due to change in formulation,

physical or chemical property shall undergo a PQT. This PQT shall be in addition
to the test carried out by the lining Manufacturer at independent laboratory.
b) Site Demonstration: Whenever requested by KOC-I&CT, Contractor shall conduct

a site demonstration over sample plate prior to the lining application of tank.
Destructive test over site demonstrated sample plate shall be carried out in an
independent laboratory by contractor whenever requested by KOC-I&CT without
any cost and time impact to KOC.
c) Materials used during PQT such as primer, resin, gelcoat (both resin and curing
agent), mat, tissue and caulking compound (type and size) shall not be changed
during actual job execution.
d) The applicator / Contractor shall do a site demonstration followed by respective

testing as recommended by I&CT Representatives if they intended to change Mat,
Tissue or Primer.
7.9.2 Sample Plate Specifications for Product Qualification Test (PQT) / Site Demonstration
a) Fiberglass reinforced system: The sample plate shall be of size (900 mm x

900 mm x 6 mm) welded to another vertical plate of size (900 mm x 300 mm x 6
mm).
b) All other Lining system: The sample plate shall be of size (900 mm x 900 mm x
6 mm).
c) Epoxy Lining System: Upon discretion of KOC I&CT, the proposed product shall
be applied over I-beam & angles, size & dimension shall be mutually agreed.
d) The name of the Contractor and the Date shall be clearly mentioned or marked in
one corner (within a 150 mm square) of the plate which is not primed.
7.9.3 Product Qualification Test (PQT) / Site Demonstration Application
a) Surface preparation and lining application over sample plate / structure shall be
as per this KOC Standard.
b) The mat overlap shall be 50 mm and should be made at the middle of the sample
plate.
7.9.4 Non-Destructive Testing Procedures of Sample Plates
a) Visual Inspection
i. Applied lining / coating shall be free from missing, orange peel, pinholes,
voids, bubbles, runs or sags and any other defects during and after each
stage of application.
ii. Scattered pockets among Fiberglass cross section, shrinkage, improper

saturation of tissue / mat within the resin during or after each stage of
application is not acceptable.
iii. The applied caulking shall be free of any cracks, voids, higher leg
dimension (more than 100 mm), non-uniform gradual transition and other
defects.
b) Thickness Measurements:
i. The DFT shall be measured in accordance to SSPC-PA-2.
ii. The DFT of each coat for respective lining shall meet the requirement of
this KOC Standard without any defects.
c) Holiday Detection Test
i. The fully cured fiberglass, glass flake lining & High Build Epoxy-Fast Cure
system shall be electrically spark tested for holidays using an approved
high voltage spark type holiday detector. For fiberglass lining, the holiday
test shall be performed prior to the gel coat application.
ii. All holiday testing shall be carried out in the presence of KOC
Representative. The test shall be as per NACE SP0188.
iii. Other lining system shall be pinhole tested by Wet Sponge method as per
NACE SP0188. The voltage shall be selected as per the Manufacturer’s
recommendation.
iv. The applied lining shall be 100 % pinhole / holiday free.
7.9.5 Destructive Testing Procedures of Sample Plates
a) Adhesion test
i. Adhesion test on the prepared sample plate after the application shall be
carried out as per as per ASTM D4541 before and after immersing the
sample plate in water (60 °C) for 24 hours. Scoring around the dolly shall
be done before the adhesion test.
ii. The temperature of the sample plate shall be within 23 - 25 °C during

adhesion test.
iii. The product shall not have any cohesive or adhesive failure within the
specified adhesion value as mentioned in this Standard.
iv. Adhesion test shall be carried out using Calibrated Type E self-aligning
Type V Hydraulic Tester (Automatic gauge).
b) Curing Hardness Test
i. Fiberglass lining layer (prior to gel coat application), glass flake lining and
High Build Epoxy-Fast Cure epoxy shall be tested for curing by Barcol
Hardness Tester in accordance with ASTM D 2583, at 10 different locations
or as required by KOC-I&CT. The average reading should be as
recommended by the Manufacturer. The minimum, maximum and average
readings shall be recorded in the test record.
ii. Hardness test gauge shall be selected as per Manufacturer’s

recommendation. The same gauge shall be utilised during production
iii. Surface cure for other lining system shall be tested as per ASTM D 5402
using MEK (Methyl Ethyl Ketone) solvent, by rubbing a small amount of
solvent on the resin surface until the acetone solvent evaporates. If the
resin surface becomes softened or tacky, the surface is un-cured.
c) Bend Test (Fiberglass Lining)
i. Specimen Preparation: Upon completion of the above mentioned Non-

Destructive Testing, the plate shall be machine cut by the Contractor for
destructive testing. A total of Eight (8) Nos. test samples shall be made,
each of 50 mm x 400 mm dimension. Four (4) Nos. shall be cut parallel to
one edge and the others shall be perpendicular to this edge.
ii. Plunger Specification: The plunger of 100 mm width, 200 mm height and
50 mm thickness with 25 mm smooth radius on its edges (where the plate
is in contact during test) shall be used for bend test.
iii. Test Procedure: Two (2) samples of each group shall be subjected to
bending test as follows:
 The samples (2 Nos.) shall be placed on the machine bending guides

with lining upward. The plunger shall be compressed in the middle of
the sample supported on a span of 350 mm, until it is lowered 50 mm
from the top line of the guides. The condition of lining shall be checked
for any cracks or splitting from the steel plate.
 The samples (2 Nos.) shall be placed on the machine bending guides

with lining downward. The plunger shall be compressed in the middle
of the sample supported on a span of 350 mm, until it is lowered 20 mm
from the top line of the guides. The condition of lining shall be checked
for any cracks or splitting from the steel plate.
iv. Sample plates after bend test shall be free of any cracks or splitting
(separation) from the steel base when tested as stated above.
d) Cathodic Disbondment Test (CD Test)
i. The test specimen shall be 100 mm square plate with 6 mm thickness.
ii. DFT and Holiday Test shall be carried out as per this Standard prior to CD
test.
iii. The test shall be conducted at 65 °C in 350 ml of distilled water (with 3 %

weight Sodium Chloride (NaCl) for 24 hours at -3.5 volt using Calomel
reference electrode and platinum electrode (Anode), facing the lining
upward. Induced holiday on sample plate shall be 3.2 mm diameter.
iv. The electrode shall be placed at a height of 10.0 mm from the sample plate.
v. The evaluation shall be performed within one hour of removal from oven.
vi. Radial cuts shall be minimum 8 Nos. and of length 20 mm from the induced
holiday.
vii. The maximum disbondment value shall not exceed as per this Standard.
e) Hot water Soak test
i. The test specimen shall be 100 mm square plate with 6 mm thickness.
ii. DFT and Holiday Test shall be carried out as per this standard prior to hot
water immersion.
iii. The test shall be conducted at 65 °C in reverse osmosis water or deionised

water for 24 hours.
iv. After immersion for 24 hrs, while the test specimen is still hot, use a utility
knife to scribe a rectangle approximately 25 mm x 12 mm through the
coating to the substrate.
v. The evaluation shall be performed within one hour of removal from the hot
water. Air-cool the specimen to room temperature.
vi. Insert the tip of the blade under the corner of the scribed rectangle. Using
a levering action, attempt to remove the coating. Blade thickness shall not
exceed 7.6 mm.
vii. After three attempts, if the coating cannot be easily removed in pieces the
size of or larger than the inserted portion of the blade, rotate to the next
corner.
viii. If the coating can be removed in pieces, the size larger than the inserted
portion of the blade, continue inserting the knife and levering under the
coating until either all of the coating in the rectangle is removed or the
coating demonstrates a definite resistance to the levering action.
ix. The coating removed by following the scribed lines, gouging, cutting,
knifepoint scrapes or by forcing the knife blade through the coating shall
not be considered adhesion failure. Only coating removed by the levering
action is considered to be adhesion loss.
x. After coating removal attempts from each corner, if the coating remaining
within the scribed area is less than 50 % shall be considered as a failure.
7.10 Vendor Report, Lab Testing Requirement & Product Qualification

Requirement I7I
7.10.1 For qualifying any product under this Standard, the manufacture shall submit the
following to KOC:
a) Summary Table listing all the test requirements for the product specified in this
Standard.
b) Track record of the product for 10 years.
c) Latest Safety Data Sheet and Product Datasheet.
d) All the test results shall be in the same units as specified in KOC Standard.
e) All test shall be conducted as per proposed international standard from an

independent laboratory as specified in this Standard.
f) HD Photographs shall be attached with the test report for all the tests specified
under this Standard where the product name and date of test shall be clearly visible.
7.10.2 Laboratory Testing - General Requirement
a) Test Panel size: where the relevant test method does not specify a size for the test
panel, it shall be 150 mm x 100 mm x 6 mm thickness.
b) Number of Test panels: Where the relevant test method does not specify the number
of panels to be tested simultaneously, a minimum number of 3 (three) identical
panels shall be used for repeatability of the test results.
c) When test panels are prepared, the surface preparation method and the conditions
of the surface prior to the lining / coating (Surface Profile, Surface Chloride, Surface
Dust Level) shall be as close as possible to the maximum level allowed by this
Standard for the respective lining / coating system.
d) The Dry Film Thickness (DFT) for each coat of the system on the test panel shall be
within +/- 20 % of the requirement of this Standard.
8.0 SURFACE PREPARATION
8.1 General
8.1.1 The procedures for performing safe work in confined spaces shall be in accordance with
KOC.SA.007 “Entry into Confined Spaces”.
8.1.2 Design, fabrication and surface finish requirements for metal tanks to be lined shall be
in accordance with NACE SP 0178. Repair of tank bottom (maintenance work) shall be
in accordance with API RP 652 & API STD 653.
8.1.3 The surfaces to be lined shall be prepared and cleaned by the lining Contractor in
accordance with the requirements of this Standard before any lining work begins.
8.2 Tank Preparation (For Rehabilitation Works): Removal of Liquid Product and
Bottom Sediment from Existing Tanks
8.2.1 An Flame Proof air driven transfer pump shall be used to remove any remaining product,
water or sediment from the tank. Pump motors and suction hoses shall be properly
grounded to prevent electrostatic ignition hazards. Any temporary lighting fixtures used
during this activity shall be “Flame Proof” Ex “d” certified for use in a Zone 1 area.
8.2.2 An absorbent material capable of absorbing any remaining liquid residues shall be
spread throughout the tank bottom to mop up any remaining liquids.
8.2.3 Using a non-ferrous or spark proof shovel, any solid sludge, sediment or saturated
absorbent material shall be removed from the tank bottom and shall be placed in
approved containers or drums. Disposal of containers shall be in accordance with all
country and local regulations.
8.2.4 Tank sludge and residue are potentially hazardous since they may contain lead
compounds and or benzene vapours and shall be disposed off to the predetermined
Site as per KOC.EV.008 “Waste Management Procedure”. Personnel involved in the
removal of these wastes shall wear proper respiratory equipment and protective
clothing.
8.2.5 Personnel entering the tank must be trained on the procedures laid down in
KOC.SA.007 “Entry into Confined Spaces” and should be aware of the hazards to
ensure safety by taking adequate preventive and protective measures.
During the cleaning process, they must wear a positive pressure air supplied respirators
with full face enclosure. Oil-and-water resistant rubber or neoprene boots shall be worn
at all times. Protective clothing that is resistant to the types of products stored in the
tank shall be worn to protect the arms, legs, torso and head of the employee entering
the tank.
8.2.6 Clothing that has become saturated with the stored product or liquid residues shall be
removed immediately; and shall be disposed off as hazardous waste.
8.2.7 Roof legs and supports shall be lifted to drain oil accumulations. Legs and supports
shall be jacked up off the bottom during lining application and open ends shall be
covered with plastic bags to prevent dripping on blasted or primed surfaces.
8.2.8 Plastic bags shall be used to protect against overhead dripping from counter weights,
supports etc.
8.2.9 The cleaned surface shall be allowed to dry before proceeding with further preparation
or coating.
8.2.10 After completion of all cleaning works, the roof underside of floating roof tanks shall be
sweep blast cleaned to remove all debris prior to start the tank lining activity.
8.3 Patching and Grinding (For Rehabilitation Works) I7I
8.3.1 All mechanical works shall be completed as per API 650 / API 653 or as per Contract
technical specification prior to the commencement of lining works.
8.3.2 All welds must be continuous. No skip welding is permitted. All existing skip welds shall
be upgraded to continuous welds.
8.3.3 Surface irregularities like weld spatter, sharp protrusions, slivers and porosity shall be
removed completely prior to surface preparation (made flush or ground smooth). All
sharp outside corners and edges shall be rounded at least to a 3.15 mm radius. Any
other observed defects in welds and base metal should be referred to KOC for
disposition.
8.4 Contaminants Removal
Any tank, prior to blast cleaning of surfaces, foreign materials like deposits, oil, grease,
mill, lacquer, wax, old or temporary coatings, salts, dirt, mud, etc. shall be removed by
the applicable method(s) of the following:
a) Solvent cleaning shall be carried out in accordance with SSPC-SP1. Only solvents
(e.g., hexane, xylol, etc.) or appropriate high-detergent cleaning (using emulsifying
cleaners followed by fresh water pressure washing or steam rinsing that does not
leave any oily residue on the surface shall be used.
b) The cleaned surface shall be allowed to dry before proceeding with further
preparation or coating.
c) Scraping, wire brushing and wiping down with clean rags may be used to remove
dry contaminants from steel surfaces.
d) Heating to remove oil, grease and to stress mill scale may be used, provided the
pipe section / fitting is preheated in a uniform manner to avoid distortion. This
method is not applicable on bottom plate cleaning which may cause damage to
soil side coating.
8.5 Abrasive Blasting I7I
8.5.1 The Contractor shall select an appropriate mesh size abrasive to attain the specified
surface profile. The abrasive shall be used in accordance with the Manufacturer’s
specifications and shall contain no impurities.
If automated machine is used for blasting, the abrasive mixture may be a maximum of
40 % shot and the re-circulated abrasive shall be checked for contamination at least
twice (2) per shift, according to relevant Clause of this Standard.
The blast gun / nozzle shall be fitted with a dead man handle, which shall be checked
for correct operation prior to the start of work.
8.5.2 The Contractor may be asked to demonstrate to KOC satisfaction that the selected
abrasive will provide the specified surface profile and visual standard. This shall be done
by blasting a sample piece of steel, then measuring the surface profile using replica
tape as per NACE SP0287 or as per ASTM D4417 and comparing the surface finish to
the appropriate visual standard. The dust embedment on the blast cleaned surface
shall not be more than Grade 2 of ISO 8502-3. Blast cleaned surface shall be checked
for the presence of soluble chloride as per ISO 8502 Part 6 & 9. The chloride level on
blasted surface shall not be more than 5 µg/cm2. Those surfaces exceeding this limit
shall be pressure wash cleaned with potable water (with/ without proper detergent), until
the contamination level is within the acceptable limit (< 5 µg/cm2)
8.5.3 Sand, Copper slag or Cadmium shall not be used as an abrasive material for blast
cleaning.
8.5.4 The metal substrate shall be abrasive blast cleaned to a visual standard in accordance
with ISO 8501-1 Sa 2½ (NACE 2 / SSPC-SP10).
8.5.5 For Fiberglass, High Build Epoxy-Fast Cure & Glass Flake Lining, the blasted surface
shall have an angular surface profile. The surface profile shall be within the range of 75-
150 microns or as specified by the lining Manufacturer, whichever is greater.
8.5.6 For Phenolic Epoxy / High Build Epoxy / Solvent Free Epoxy, the surface profile shall
be in the range 50 -100 microns or as specified by the lining Manufacturer, whichever
is greater.
8.5.7 Blast cleaning combined with vacuum collection at the nozzle can be used to reduce
atmospheric contamination within the tank. The compressed air used in any cleaning
method shall be free of water and oil. Adequate separators or traps shall be provided
and properly maintained; and shall be emptied regularly of water and oil. The air supply
shall be tested daily for cleanliness using a white cloth test per relevant Clause of this
Standard.
8.5.8 All abrasive material shall be selected from KOC approved short listed Manufacturers
and each batch shall be offered for KOC inspection prior to its use.
8.5.9 Roto blast nozzle / Angle blast nozzle shall be utilised for abrasive blasting and coating
of internal surface of pipes and nozzle internals. Contractor shall conduct a
demonstration with the proposed equipments on a split pipe (mutually agreed size) to
confirm the surface preparation meets the KOC requirements.
8.5.10 Angle blast nozzle shall be utilised for the internal surface preparation of nozzle
internals and manways inside tank.
8 .5.11 Prior to abrasive blasting operation, various safety precautions shall be taken,
which shall include but not limited to following:
a) Blasting equipment shall be inspected and certified by an authorised competent

third party inspectors. Pressurised hoses shall be tested and certified for maximum
safe working pressure. Hoses and other pressure items shall be checked
periodically to make sure that any damage or loss of electrical conductivity will not
lead to a safety hazard. All the above shall be documented and available at site
for verification.
b) Blast cleaning pot, nozzles shall be earthed (grounded, spark proofed) to prevent
building up of an electrostatic charge.
c) Pressurised hose and blasting guns shall be compulsorily equipped with an

operational “Dead-man Switch” located immediately behind the nozzle. This shall
not be tied-up or by-passed at any cause during the blasting operation.
d) The PPE used by the Applicator must be capable of withstanding abrasive forces.
e) Clean Positive pressure type air masks (with air supplied hoods) shall be worn by
the blasting crew, while blasting against exposure to dust and other health
hazards. This equipment must be inspected on a regular basis and it shall be
ensured that the air supplied to the air masks is free from any harmful
contaminants.
f) No maintenance job shall be performed on a pressurised or energised blasting

pot.
g) As shot blasting operations are noisy and overall noise levels produced by such
operations of equipment resulting to exceed 85 decibels (dBA), personal ear
protective devices shall be required to be used.
h) Requirements specified in KOC.SA.011 “High Pressure Water Jetting, Abrasive

Blasting and Steam Cleaning Safety Procedure” shall be adhere to while
performing the abrasive blasting.
i) Abrasive bags, blasting pot, compressor or any other heavy equipment shall not
be kept over the tank roof.
8.6 Humidity Control
8.6.1 Appropriately sized dehumidification equipment may be installed and operated from the
beginning of abrasive blasting operation; and shall be kept in continual operation until
the final coat of the tank lining has passed the Barcol hardness reading as required by
the lining Manufacturer. The relative humidity inside the tank shall be maintained below
50 % at all times.
8.6.2 In the event of a breakdown or interruption of the dehumidification equipment that

results in the relative humidity rising above 50 %, any surface area that exhibits flash
rusting must be re-blasted to achieve the required condition of ISO 8501-1 Sa 2½
(NACE 2 / SSPC-SP10).
8.6.3 The dehumidification equipment shall be capable of operating with connected heaters
and ventilation, when necessary to maintain a temperature range between 15 °C to
35 °C during blasting and lining operations.
8.7 After Blast Cleaning
8.7.1 After the completion of abrasive blasting, the surface shall be brushed with a clean hair
bristle or fiber brush, blown with compressed air and then vacuumed. The dust
embedded on the cleaned surface shall be tested as per relevant Clause of this
Standard.
8.7.2 The blast cleaned surface shall be checked for the presence of Soluble Chlorides.
8.7.3 A surface holding primer shall be applied in order to hold the blasted surface for a short
period till the blasting and cleaning is completed, unless dehumidification equipment is
operated with a relative humidity less than 50 % during the entire surface preparation
operation. Only a primer approved by the Manufacturer of the tank lining material can
be used based on the project needs.
8.7.4 All personnel entering the tank after abrasive blasting shall wear rubber soled shoes
with clean, disposable shoe covers, sweatbands and lint free gloves.
8.7.5 No acid washes or other cleaning solutions or solvents, including inhibitive washes
intended to prevent rusting, shall be used on metal surfaces after being blasted, unless
a written KOC approval is obtained.
8.7.6 A minimum of 100 mm around the edges of blasted areas shall be left un-primed if the
entire surface to be coated cannot be blasted and primed on the same day. Subsequent
blasting shall continue a minimum of 25 mm into the primed surfaces. The rough edge
shall then be feather edged by power tool or hand sanding with heavy grit wheel or
sandpaper. The surface to be coated shall be free of loose and / or burnt coating.
8.7.7 In the event of occurrence of any flash rusting / discoloration on the blasted surface, the
affected area shall be re-blasted at Contractor’s cost to achieve the required surface
cleanliness and condition as specified in this Standard prior to lining application. I7I
8.8 Striker Plates and Internal Appurtenances I7I
8.8.1 The striker plates shall be lined with Fiberglass mat on top side and bottom side shall
be lined with HBE to a minimum thickness of 400 microns. The edges of the striker
plates shall be properly protected with the epoxy resin (Refer to drawing in the
Appendix-2 of this Standard)
8.8.2 The lined striker plates shall be fixed over Fiberglass lined reinforcing pad using epoxy
resin / gel coat.
8.8.3 In floating roof tanks, external surface of Roof support legs shall be coated as per Table-
1 of this Standard.
8.8.4 All the reinforcement pads (even where the striker plates are kept above) shall have a
full lining system.
8.8.5 The roof support legs shall be jacked up and supported to apply the full lining system
on reinforcement pads. Temporary supports shall be designed in such a way that it will
not damage the roof plates. Only alternate legs shall be lifted.
8.8.6 Any internal fittings or appurtenances, which is to be installed / welded to the closer
proximity of bottom plate (closer proximity such that, its presence could effect the
effective surface preparation, application and testing of lining) shall be erected only after
completion of Fiberglass lining.
8.8.7 After installation of internal appurtenances, the adjacent areas on shell / bottom shall
be checked for any damage and Holiday test shall be conducted on these areas,
including the installed internals.
9.0 LINING & COATING APPLICATION
9.1 General I7I
9.1.1 Lining works shall be in accordance with the requirements established by this Standard.
Any area not specifically covered, shall be in accordance with the principles and
guidelines set forth in the NACE Hand Book - Coating and Lining for Immersion Services
or API RP 652. The Contractor shall submit a detailed coating application procedure for
KOC approval prior to commencing any work on the tank bottom.
9.1.2 The Contractor or applicator shall provide all materials, tools, equipment (including
personnel safety and ventilating equipment) and scaffolding.
9.1.3 The Contractor or applicator shall use only experienced and qualified manpower to carry
out the required works.
9.1.4 Details of experience shall be submitted to KOC Inspection & Corrosion Team for review
and approval.
9.1.5 All the blasters, applicators, foreman and supervisor shall possess certificates from the
lining system Manufacturer and applicator cards from KOC I&CT, whom shall be
qualified as per KOC Standard KOC-P-006 “KOC Standard for Evaluation and
Certification of Blasting and Coating Contractor / Applicator Personnel”.
9.1.6 Also, the applicator shall appoint a NACE Certified Inspector or equivalent with relevant
field experience of not less than Five (5) years. The Contractor’s Inspector shall be
qualified by KOC I&CT as per KOC-P-006 “KOC Standard for Evaluation and
Certification of Blasting and Coating Contractor / Applicator Personnel”. The certified
inspector shall be responsible for the proper application of the lining system.
9.1.7 Approved Applicators Supervisors and Coating Inspectors shall not be changed from
the job without prior information to KOC I&CT.
9.1.8 Surfaces, to be lined, shall be inspected and approved by KOC prior to any coating
being applied. This shall be after surface preparation and between each subsequent
coating.
9.1.9 The Contractor shall have copies of data sheets available at Site where the lining work
is being performed. In the event of a conflict between the Manufacturer’s data sheets
and this Standard, the more stringent requirement shall apply.
9.1.10 The Contractor shall have a technical representative from the lining Manufacturer, who
should be present to assist and witness the application of each coating system upon
the request of KOC without any additional cost and time impact. The Contractor shall
obtain further technical assistance from the lining Manufacturer when problems arise or
when requested by KOC.
9.1.11 The application shall be carried out under completely dry conditions and all necessary
precautions shall be taken to ensure that water does not come in contact with uncured
resin. This is to obtain best adhesion and ultimate chemical resistance of the laminate.
9.1.12 When only part of the internal surface of a tank is to be lined, the total area for the lining
shall be agreed between the KOC Representative and the Contractor representative
before any work commences.
9.1.13 Minimum 350 mm clearance shall be provided for the effective surface preparation,
lining / coating application and testing. Any internal appurtenances, which is to be
installed / welded to the closer proximity of shell and bottom plate shall be erected only
after completion of lining / coating activity. Ensure proper precaution is taken to avoid
any occurrence of lining / coating damage during installation of such internal
appurtenances.
9.1.14 All Coating / Lining materials shall be selected from KOC approved Vendor list and each
batch shall be offered and approved by I&CT prior to its use at site.
9.1.15 All fasteners shall be coated with Phenolic Epoxy / Solvent Free Epoxy as per service
and shall be holiday free.
9.1.16 Proper precaution shall be taken to prevent overspray, spillage or application of

coatings to surfaces for which the coatings are not intended.
9.1.17 No mechanical activities on shell / roof of tank shall be carried out during bottom
Fiberglass lining application and its initial drying time.
9.1.18 Lining material with foaming in mixed or non-mixed conditions shall not be used. Such
Materials shall be removed from KOC work site immediately.
9.1.19 No coating shall be applied on damp surfaces or when the difference between metal
surface temperature and the dew point temperature is less than 3 °C.
9.1.20 All coating materials shall be in the original Manufacturer’s unopened containers, clearly
identifiable and shall be kept covered, clean and protected. Material exceeding the
Manufacturer’s recommended shelf life shall not be used and shall be removed from
the job site.
9.1.21 Each component shall be accurately measured and all components shall be mixed
according to the Manufacturer’s directions. Mixing shall be done with an air-driven
explosion-proof mixer.
9.1.22 Proper breakup flange shall be provided at regular intervals for piping inside tanks for
the effective internal surface preparation, lining application and testing.
9.1.23 All CRA materials inside tank shall be externally coated with single coat of Phenolic
epoxy of 100 microns and shall be electrically isolated from the tank surface using
proper isolating gasket / device.
9.1.24 After mounting the sacrificial anodes and other internals, the steel surface of the anode
support, anode core and exposed bare carbon steel surface shall be coated with
Phenolic epoxy.
9.1.25 A thin film lining of 100 microns (maximum) shall be applied at one side of the installed
anode, facing the support structure.
9.1.26 Roof plate and roof truss of tanks shall be lined with paint products of the same
Manufacturer.
9.1.27 A production sample test plate (1m X 1m) shall be prepared simultaneously during the
application of each lining system and shall not be taken out from the tank until the
adhesion and hardness test over sample plate are completed. The plate shall be further
tested as and when requested by KOC-I&CT Representative at an independent external
laboratory at contractor’s cost. The date of application shall also be punched on the test
coupon.
9.1.28 In the event of any repair works, the compatibility to the existing coating shall be checked
as per ASTM D5064 atleast 3 locations by applying a small patch with the proposed
coating on the existing coating prior the commencement of actual job. After curing,
examine the total surface of each test patch for wrinkling, blistering, mud cracking,
checking, cracking, peeling, lifting and disbonding.
9.2 Areas to be Lined I7I
9.2.1 The Fiberglass lining shall be applied to the following internal surfaces of tank
(excluding the potable water tanks):
 Bottom plates of the entire floor

 Shell plates
 Reinforcing plates under roof support legs & striker plate; and
 Top side of the striker plates.
9.2.2 All the fillet welds of Slip-on Raised Face (SORF) flanged nozzles within the water level
need to be sealed with caulking compound. A thin coat of 75-100 microns with phenolic
epoxy shall be applied with brush on top of the caulking.
9.2.3 Entire flange face of all nozzles and pipings (which is connected inside and outside the
tank) shall be applied with 3 coats of Phenolic epoxy to a DFT of 300 microns.
Installation of internal piping inside tank nozzles shall be permitted only after attaining
coating clearance of flange face of respective nozzles from I&CT.
9.2.4 The gasket area on flange faces of nozzles, manways and COD shall be marked and
the exposed locations shall be ensured for proper coating coverage. Such locations
shall be inspected from inside after the box-up of each items.
9.3 Weather Conditions
The coating / lining application shall NOT be carried out under the following conditions:
a) Ambient temperature below 10 °C.

b) Humidity greater than 85 %.
c) The difference between metal surface temperature and the dew point less
than 3 °C (5 °F).
d) More than Four (4) hours elapsed after blasting of metal surface. The time can be
extended if dehumidification system is in use.
e) During rain and sandstorm. I7I
f) Surface temperature 10 °C and below. I7I
9.4 Primer Application I7I
9.4.1 If the blasted surfaces cannot be lined completely on the same day, the entire blast
cleaned area shall be spray primed with a rapid-curing holding primer, before any rust
bloom occurs, to a minimum Dry Film Thickness (DFT) of 15 micron; however the DFT
shall not exceed 50 micron. Areas with DFT more than 50 microns to be blasted and
coated at contractor’s cost.
9.4.2 The primer shall be compatible with the lining system to be applied over it.
9.4.3 Applied holding primer that exceeds Manufacturer’s recommended maximum recoat
interval shall be reblasted at contractors cost. Lining / coating Manufacturer’s letter for
the extension of re-coat interval for holding primer is not acceptable.
9.5 Caulking Application
9.5.1 Caulking compound and seam sealer used, shall be as described in Sub-clause 7.4 of
this Standard and specified in the Coating System Data Sheets.
9.5.2 Shallow pits and other sharp irregularities shall be filled with approved caulking
compound to a level flush with the plate surface (See Sketch 1, Appendix 1 of this
Standard).
9.5.3 The caulking compound shall be applied over the primer and must be compatible with
both the primer and the lining system to be applied over it.
9.5.4 The caulking compound shall be applied on weld seams, lap joints to provide uniform
gradual transition (See Sketch 2, Appendix 1 of this Standard).
9.5.5 Large projections and thick plate edges shall be filled with caulking compound in order
to smooth out the surface and permit intimate contact with the glass reinforcement.
9.5.6 Caulking compound shall be applied with an inner curve (concave shape) at the shell
to bottom junction (chine) to produce a smooth surface on which the Fiberglass System
is applied without bridging. The applied material at this junction shall have a leg
dimension of 50 mm as explained in Sketch 3 of Appendix 1 of this Standard.
9.5.7 The above mentioned caulking compound works can be carried out by spray / brush /
trowel / caulking gun, subject to work requirement and technical data sheet.
9.5.8 Applied caulking compound shall be free from cracks, higher leg dimension (more than
100 mm), non-uniform gradual transition and other defects. Caulking compound with
such defect shall be removed and re-applied at contractor’s cost. I7I
9.6 Fiberglass Laminate Application
9.6.1 General I7I
a) A production sample plate (1m x 1m) shall be prepared in line with the application.
The plate shall be blasted and primed on the commencement day of internal
blasting. Final mat and gel coat application shall be done on the last days of each
respective layer application.
b) The glass mat shall be cut to conveniently sized pieces and applied in a staggered
seam (patchwork) pattern. Each seam shall overlap a minimum of 150 mm (6
inch.). Seams on all vertical surfaces extending to the annular plate shall be
overlapped by the mat on the bottom plate. Seams of the second layer (and any
successive layers) shall be staggered diagonally opposite from the previous layer.
The joints of two adjacent rows shall be evenly distributed to get a minimum gap
of 600 mm.
c) After mat is laid down and saturated with resin, it shall be rolled thoroughly to
remove all entrapped air and bubbles and to force the mat down smoothly. A
serrated aluminum roller or short bristle brush wet with styrene may be used for
this purpose. The direction of rolling or brushing must be from the center of the
saturated mat outward to prevent trapping air bubbles beneath the mat.
d) If the shell course (above the fiberglass lining) are to be lined with phenolic / glass
flake epoxy, the intersection area shall be prepared (abraded) in such a way that
the phenolic / glassflake epoxy shall be lapped over the fiberglass lining at
minimum of 100 mm.
e) The fiber laminate shall be cut around the shell openings for nozzle and manway
before the weld joint. The intersection area shall be prepared in such a way that
the Phenolic epoxy shall be lapped over the fiberglass lining at 50 mm.
f) The fiber mat shall be cut just before the weld of gusset plate or any other structure
welded to shell or bottom plate. The weld joint and the structure part shall be
coated with resin only upto a height of 600 mm. The intersection area of this resin
to phenolic epoxy coating shall be in such a way that phenolic epoxy shall be
coated always above the resin.
g) The resin shall be applied by airless spray machine. Any small area i.e. sump pit,
striker plates, reinforcement pads etc. may be applied with resin using roller or
brush. The first resin coat shall be tinted a contrasting colour to indicate coverage
over the steel plate. The mixed lining shall be spread, uniformly on all areas to be
covered / caulked (e.g., repaired holes, pate overlaps, seams, welds, metal
pinholes etc.).
h) A surfacing veil (Tissue) 25 micron (1.0 mil) layer shall be laid diagonally opposite
to the fiber mat as a final additional layer over the laminate.
i) A final gel coat shall be applied over the laminate system after the complete
inspection and repair of the lining.
j) Each individual coat should be checked for Wet Film Thickness (WFT) during
application, in accordance to ASTM D4414. After application and curing, Dry Film
Thickness (DFT) shall be measured in accordance with SSPC-PA-2. The DFT
gage shall be calibrated at the beginning of coating work and then at least daily or
whenever KOC requests re-calibration. DFT reading shall be recorded and
submitted to KOC for primer coat as well as for the total thickness of coating /
lining system.
k) Thinner shall not be mixed with resin / curing agent. Rollers used for Fiberglass
lining shall be cleaned only with Manufacturer’s Recommended cleaning agents.
l) The mat shall be laid first at bottom portion of the tank, followed by application of
mat over lower shell course. The mat applied over shell shall extend over the
bottom laid mat with an overlap of minimum 150 mm. Similar sequence shall be
followed while applying Tissue over bottom plate and lower shell course.
m) The fiberglass lining over lower shell course shall be lined in such a way that mat
shall extend atleast 5 mm beyond the required 0.6 m from bottom and tissue over
mat shall be restricted to 0.6 m from bottom. Final gel coat shall be applied over
the entire area of applied tissue and mat portion.
9.6.2 Fiberglass Laminate Application (For Single Mat)
The Single Mat Application of Fiberglass Laminate consist of primer, Single Layer of
Fiber Mat with Resin, Tissue layer with resin and final gel coat with thickness as follows:
a) The DFT of the primer shall be neither less than 15 micron nor greater than 50
micron.
b) However, the First Layer of Fiber Mat with Resin shall achieve a minimum
thickness of 1250 microns irrespective of the DFT of the primer.
c) The Tissue layer with resin of 400 microns shall achieve a minimum thickness of
1650 microns for single mat fiberglass lining system.
d) The final Gel coat of 200 microns shall achieve a minimum total thickness of 1850
microns for single mat fiberglass lining system.
NOTE: Where Fiberglass Lining is specified, it shall be “Single Mat”, unless

“Double Mat” is specified by KOC.
9.6.3 Fiberglass Laminate Application (For Double Mat)
The Double Mat Application of Fiberglass Laminate consist of primer, Double Layer of
Fiber Mat with Resin, Tissue layer with resin and final gel coat with thickness as follows:
a) The DFT of the primer shall be neither less than 15 micron nor greater than 50
micron.
b) However, the First Layer of Fiber Mat with Resin shall achieve a minimum
thickness of 1250 microns irrespective of the DFT of the primer.
c) The Second Layer of Fiber Mat with Resin (1200 microns) shall achieve a
minimum thickness of 2450 microns.
d) The Tissue layer with resin (400 microns) shall achieve a minimum thickness of
2850 microns for two layer mat fiberglass lining system.
e) The final gel coat of 200 microns shall achieve a minimum total thickness of 3050
microns for two layer mat fiberglass lining system.
9.6.4 Application of double-layered mat shall be considered only under following

condition: I7I
a) Localised repairing of any existing double layered Fibermat.
b) 1 Meter minimum around the periphery of the loading line over bottom plate.
c) Any area, where single layered Fibermat found to be insufficient due to operational
reasons.
d) If mentioned in the Contract / Project specification.
9.7 Glass Flake & High Build Epoxy-Fast Cure (HBE-FC) Application I7I
9.7.1 The surface preparation shall be carried out as per relevant Clauses of this Standard &
shall meet all the requirements mentioned therein.
9.7.2 Surfaces to be coated shall be clean, dust free and dry before application of any coating
and shall meet the specified anchor pattern and surface finish before application of
primer.
9.7.3 Each coat shall be applied uniformly and completely using contrasting colours over the
entire surface according to accepted good coating practice. Care shall be exercised to
prevent over spray, spillage or application of coatings to surfaces for which the coatings
are not intended.
9.7.4 All coating film thickness shall be checked and the coating shall be free of pinholes,
voids, bubbles, runs or sags, orange peel and other defects. Film thickness is to be
measured with a wet film gauge during application. Film thickness shall be verified
(checked and maintained) during and after each application of each individual coat.
Thickness requirements shall be met with each coat and total thickness shall not be
“made-up” in any one coat.
9.7.5 Coatings shall be applied in no fewer than the number of coats specified and the dry
film thickness of individual coats shall be within the specified thickness range.
9.7.6 Where film thickness do not meet Standards and or defects (holidays) are found, the
Contractor shall take corrective action at no additional cost to KOC. These corrections
shall be done to KOC satisfaction.
9.7.7 All coatings shall be allowed to dry thoroughly and for at least the minimum time
recommended by the coating Manufacturer, considering temperature and humidity,
before the application of succeeding coats. When a maximum overcoat time is
recommended by the coating Manufacturer, it shall not be exceeded before the
succeeding coat is applied.
9.7.8 Prior to the application of any coat, all damage to previous coats shall be repaired.
9.7.9 Each coat (Primer, First coat, and Top coat) shall be inspected before applying further
coats.
9.7.10 Glass flake reinforced coatings shall be spray-applied, according to the Coating System
Data Sheet and KOC approved application procedure.
9.7.11 Spray-applied coatings can be rolled, if specified by KOC-I&CT or by the Coating

System Data Sheet. Glass flake application shall be by cross hatch method.
9.7.12 A production sample test plate (1m x 1m) shall be prepared simultaneously during tank
application.
9.7.13 For effluent water / treated water / source water services, the phenolic epoxy coating
system applied on roof plate shall be extended to at least 12 inch over the top shell
course. The intersection area shall be prepared in such a way that the Phenolic Epoxy
shall be lapped over the glassflake / High Build Epoxy- Fast Cure lining for
at least 100 mm.
9.7.14 Stripe coat shall be applied on all weld areas, sharp corners and all the areas where it
is not practical to apply by spray.
9.7.15 Thinner shall not be used during Glass flake application.
9.8 Epoxy Lining Application I7I
9.8.1 The surface preparation shall be carried out as per the relevant Clauses of this Standard
& shall meet all the requirements mentioned therein.
9.8.2 The coating shall be mixed in proper ratios as per the Manufacturer’s recommendations
and no part mixing shall be allowed.
9.8.3 No thinning shall be allowed more than the Manufacturer’s recommendations. For
Potable water tank lining, thinner shall not be used in any case.
9.8.4 Strip coat shall be applied on all weld areas, sharp corners and all the areas where it is
not practical to apply by spray.
9.8.5 Spray application shall be with recommended pressure and control the thickness by
measuring WFT in proper intervals. Manufacturer’s recommended over coating or
recoating intervals shall be strictly followed.
9.8.6 If the thickness is found more than the Manufacturer’s recommended range, then rub
down the excess thickness to a minimum of 10 % less than the required thickness.
Vacuum or blow down the dust and recoat the area to the specified thickness. Further
coats shall be applied until the total required thickness is achieved.
9.8.7 A production sample test plate (1m X 1m) shall be prepared simultaneously during tank
application.
9.8.8 The minimum thickness for each type of Lining (Phenolic Epoxy, High Build Epoxy,
Solvent Free Epoxy) shall be in accordance with the requirement specified in this
Standard
9.9 Curing
9.9.1 The lining shall be allowed to cure in well ventilated dry conditions and in accordance
with the Manufacturer's instructions.
9.9.2 For Fiberglass lining, the mat and tissue layer shall be allowed for curing; and shall be
tested prior to the application of gel coat.
9.9.3 Dehumidification equipment / positive ventilation must be operated continuously until

the lining meets the hardness requirement test required by the Manufacturer.
9.9.4 Curing time shall be dependent on ambient temperature only and shall be as
recommended by the Manufacturer. Heating equipment shall not be used.
10.0 INSPECTION AND TESTING
10.1 General Requirements I7I
10.1.1 All lining materials shall be inspected and tested to ensure conformance with the
requirements of Clause 7.0 of this Standard. Product data sheets used for sales
purposes or print outs from catalogs are not acceptable as test certificates.
10.1.2 Inspection and testing at all stages of surface preparation and lining application shall be
conducted by the Contractor prior to informing KOC Inspector for inspection. The
Contractor shall perform such inspections as are necessary to assure that the lining
work complies with the requirements of this Standard.
10.1.3 Surface preparation and lining application may be subjected to inspection at any stage
by KOC to ensure the compliance with the requirements of respective Clauses of this
Standard. All records shall be kept current and shall be submitted to KOC upon request
or on weekly basis and at the completion of the job for verification to KOC satisfaction.
10.1.4 KOC Representative shall have the right to inspect at all times any tools, materials,
Contractors yard or equipment used for the performance of surface preparation and
lining application. This is to ensure the compliance with the requirements of this
Standard.
10.1.5 The coating Manufacturer's representative shall have access to the work Site during the
progress of the work, for any inspection and testing deemed to be necessary to ensure
that the lining systems are properly applied.
10.1.6 A lay out diagram shall be prepared for the areas offered for inspection by the applicator,
which shall be duly signed by the KOC Inspector.
10.1.7 All work execution and inspection activities shall be as per the approved procedure and
Inspection Test Plan (ITP).
10.1.8 The Contractor shall keep the sample plates prepared as per relevant Clauses of this
Standard after completion of lining work for each tank with full details of materials used
and tank numbers etc. for a minimum period of Two months or till the tank is put back
in service, whichever is earlier.
10.1.9 All testing equipment / instruments shall be operational and shall possess valid
calibration certificate from independent laboratory.
10.2 Environmental Conditions Testing
At the beginning of each day's operation and prior to the commencement of any surface
preparation and lining application works and whenever there is a change in the climate
is expected, ambient temperature, metal surface temperature, dew point and relative
humidity (RH) shall be measured and recorded. Readings shall comply with relevant
Clauses of this Standard.
10.3 Materials and Equipment Inspection
Abrasive blasting and lining application equipment (compressor, blast pot, airless spray
pump, hoses, etc.) shall be inspected to ensure the compliance with the requirements
of this Standard and the Manufacturer's recommendations.
10.4 Compressed Air and Abrasive I7I
10.4.1 The cleanliness of each compressed air supply shall be verified daily using Blotter Test
method as per ASTM D 4285 by blasting without abrasive onto a white cloth
for 20 seconds. If oil or water appears on the cloth, all traps and separators shall be
blown down until subsequent 20 second cloth tests show no more oil or water.
10.4.2 Recycling of abrasive shall be carried out only for automatic blasting machines, which
will recycle the abrasive automatically.
10.4.3 Re-circulated abrasives shall be tested for oil contamination at least twice per shift by
the immersion of a small amount of abrasive in a vial of water which is shaken
vigorously. If any oil floats to the surface, the abrasive shall be discarded. Also, dust
must be removed from re-circulated abrasives to meet environmental regulations and
to improve cutting efficiency. Check the prepared surface for visual cleanliness, surface
profile, dust and chloride level and shall be meeting the acceptance range as per this
Standard.
10.5 Surface Preparation Inspection
Surfaces to be lined shall be inspected by the Inspectors (KOC I&CT & Applicator /
Contractor) to verify that the specified surface preparation has been achieved as
follows:
10.5.1 Prior to abrasive blasting, the steel surface shall be checked for the presence of defects
and contaminants (e.g., oil / grease, sand / dust, weld spatter, weld lag etc.) and after
abrasive blast cleaning, the steel surface shall be inspected for visual standard (surface
cleanliness) and surface profile. The visual standard shall be in accordance with ISO
8501-1 Sa 2½ (NACE 2 / SSPC-SP10).
10.5.2 Testing of surface profile height shall be with replica tape in accordance with ASTM
D4417 or NACE SP0287. The measurements and results shall be recorded and
submitted for KOC approval.
10.5.3 For Fiberglass Lining, the surface profile shall be 75-150 microns.
10.5.4 For Phenolic Epoxy / High Build Epoxy / Solvent Free Epoxy, the surface profile shall
be in the range 50-100 microns or as specified by the lining Manufacturer.
10.5.5 Blast cleaned surface shall be checked for the presence of soluble chloride as per
ISO 8502 Part 6 & 9. The chloride contamination shall not exceed 5µg/cm2. If the
chloride content of surface exceeds the above limit, it shall be pressure jet cleaned with
potable water and inspected, until the contamination level is within the acceptable
criterion.
10.5.6 The dust embedded on the blast cleaned surface shall not exceed Grade 2 of
ISO 8502-3.
10.6 Lining Film Thickness I7I
10.6.1 The DFT shall be measured in accordance to SSPC-PA-2.
10.6.2 Wet film thickness is to be measured with a wet film gauge during application. Dry film
thickness shall be verified during and after each stage of application. Final thickness
achieved shall meet the requirement as specified in this Standard.
10.6.3 The DFT of each system shall be as per Table IX.

Table IX - Type of Coating and Minimum Thickness
Dry Film Thickness (DFT) Total Dry Film

No. of
Lining Systems Per Coat in Microns Thickness (DFT) in
Coats
(minimum) Microns (minimum)
Single Mat Fiberglass 1st Mat (1200) + Tissue (400)+

3 1800 (1)
Lining Gel Coat (200)
1st Mat (1200) + 2nd Mat
Double Mat Fiberglass
4 (1200) + Tissue (400)+ Gel 3000 (1)
Lining
Coat (200)
Glass Flake Lining 1/2 1000 / 500 (5) 1000 (1)
Phenolic Epoxy 2/3 150 / 100 300 (2)

High Build Epoxy (Soil
1 400 400
Side)
Solvent Free Epoxy 1/2 400 / 200 400 (3)
High Build Epoxy-Fast

1/2 1000 / 500 1000 (4)
Cure (HBE-FC)
Remarks:
Note:1: Without considering the thickness of surface holding primer (Holding Primer shall be in the
range of 15 microns (min.) – 50 microns (max.)
Note 2: Tank Roof plate, roof truss and structures shall be applied with 3 coats of application, while
tank shell shall be applied with minimum 2 or 3 coat of application to meet the above required
thickness without any film defects like overspray, sagging, orange peel, cracks, missing, pinholes
and any other defects.
Note 3: Solvent Free Epoxy can be applied in single coat or maximum 2 coat to meet the above-
required thickness without any film defects like overspray, sagging, orange peel, cracks, missing,
pinholes and other defects.
Note 4: High Build Epoxy-Fast Cure (HBE-FC) can be applied in single coat or maximum 2 coat to
meet the above-required thickness without any film defects like overspray, sagging, orange peel,
cracks, missing, pinholes and other defects.
Note 5: Glass Flake lining can be applied in single coat or maximum 2 coat to meet the above-
required thickness without any film defects like overspray, sagging, orange peel, cracks, missing,
pinholes and other defects.
10.7 Curing Hardness Test I7I
10.7.1 Fiberglass lining (prior to gel coat application) and glass flake / High Build Epoxy-Fast
Cure lining shall be tested for curing by Barcol Hardness Tester over production sample
plate and inside tank surface in accordance with ASTM D2583, at 10 different locations
or as required by KOC-I&CT. The average reading should be as recommended by the
Manufacturer. The minimum, maximum and average readings shall be recorded in the
test record.
10.7.2 Surface cure for phenolic epoxy and solvent free epoxy shall be tested inside tank
surface as per ASTM D 5402 using MEK (Methyl Ethyl Ketone) solvent, by rubbing a
small amount of solvent on the resin surface until the solvent evaporates. If the resin
surface becomes softened or tacky, the surface is un-cured.
10.8 Holiday Detection Test
10.8.1 The fully cured fiberglass, glass flake and High Build Epoxy-Fast Cure lining system
shall be electrically (spark) tested for pinholes and holidays using an approved high
voltage spark type holiday detector.
10.8.2 For fiberglass lining, the holiday test shall be performed prior to the gel coat application.
10.8.3 All the holiday testing shall be carried out in the presence of KOC Representative. The
test shall be as per NACE SP0188, for lining thickness and Manufacturer's
recommendations.
10.8.4 All other lining system shall be pinhole tested by Wet Sponge method as per
NACE SP0188. The voltage shall be selected as per the Manufacturer’s
recommendation.
10.8.5 All internal lining shall be 100 % pinhole free.
10.9 Adhesion Test I7I
10.9.1 Adhesion test on the prepared production sample plate shall be carried out as per as
per ASTM D4541. Scoring around the dolly shall be done before the adhesion test, The
temperature of the sample plate shall be within 23 - 25 °C during adhesion test.
10.9.2 The adhesion test result shall meet the requirements of this Standard.
10.9.3 Adhesion test shall be carried out using Calibrated Type E self-aligning Type V
Hydraulic tester (automatic gauge).
10.9.4 In the event of any adhesion failure, adhesion test shall be conducted directly inside the
tank. Minimum 3 locations shall be selected by the I&CT Representative. Those lining
which failed to achieve the minimum adhesion value shall be removed by blast cleaning
and applied with recommended lining system without any cost and time impact to the
KOC.
10.9.5 The product shall not have any cohesive or adhesive failure within the specified
adhesion value as mentioned in this Standard.
10.10 Visual Inspection I7I
10.10.1 Applied lining / coating shall be free from missing, orange peel, pinholes, voids, bubbles,
runs or sags and any other defects during and after each stage of application.
10.10.2 Scattered pockets among Fiberglass cross section, shrinkage, improper saturation of
tissue / mat within the resin during or after each stage of application is not acceptable.
10.10.3 The applied caulking shall be free of any cracks, voids, higher leg dimension (more than
100 mm), non-uniform gradual transition.
10.11 Defects and Pinholes Repair
10.11.1 Following the complete curing, any defect / pinhole observed after spark test shall be
marked for repair.
10.11.2 Areas containing holidays or voids shall be completely removed, blasted to bare metal,
re-coated / lined with the same system in accordance with this Standard and the
Manufacturer's recommendations (detailed procedure shall be prepared by the
Contractor for KOC approval).
10.11.3 The repaired areas shall be re-tested for holidays. Detected holidays, correction, and
final holiday-free inspection shall be recorded and submitted to the KOC for approval.
10.11.4 White spots due to unsaturation of resin with mat shall be removed till the sound lining
is visible.
10.11.5 It is mandatory that all defective works shall be corrected to the satisfaction of KOC.
Work shall not be deemed to be completed until the foregoing has been achieved.
10.11.6 Three (3) repairs up to the metal of size less than one square Inch per one square metre
shall be spot repaired. Defective mats which exceed this criterion shall be stripped and
relined.
10.12 Tank Marking and Company Logo I7I
10.12.1 Company Logo shall be applied with two (2) coats of Acrylic Polyurethane in blue colour
shade to a minimum DFT of 40 micron per coat. while Tag Number shall be applied with
Two (2) coats of Acrylic Polyurethane in Black colour shade to a minimum DFT of
40 micron per coat.
10.12.2 Details of fond size, location to be marked in tank shall be consulted and finalised with
Asset Owner of respective Facility before application.
11.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE
11.1 The Manufacturer and the Contractor shall operate a quality system to ensure that the
requirements of this Standard are achieved. The quality system shall preferably be
based on ISO 9000 series of standards.
11.2 The Manufacturer and the Contractor shall demonstrate compliance by providing a copy
of the accredited certificate or the quality manual and also meet the quality control
requirements specified in KOC-Q-014 “KOC Standard for Project QA / QC General
Requirements”.
11.3 Verification of the Contractor's / Manufacturer's quality system is normally part of the
pre-qualification procedure and is therefore not detailed in the core text of this Standard.
12.0 DOCUMENTATION
12.1 General
12.1.1 All correspondence, drawings, instructions, data sheets, design calculations or any
other written information shall be in English language. In the case of dual languages,
one language shall be English.
12.1.2 Dimensions, units of measurement, physical constants, etc. shall be in SI units, unless
otherwise specified.
12.1.3 All documents (texts, specifications, data sheets, calculations, drawings etc.) shall be
provided in Hard Copies along with its electronic files in the approved software (MS Word,
Excel, Auto Cad etc.). All design calculations shall be submitted in the approved and
widely used software duly approved by KOC.
12.1.4 The Contractor and / or applicator shall submit a "Quality Plan" (Inspection and Test
Plan) for KOC review and approval. The plan shall include all activities in chronological
manner and shall have columns for marking up KOC Witness (W), Hold (H) and
Review (R). I7I
12.1.5 Contractor shall prepare separate detailed procedure and ITP for each lining system as
per this Standard and shall submit for KOC-I&CT review and approval prior to the start
of the job. I7I
12.2 Work Proposal
12.2.1 The Contractor shall submit his proposal for all aspects of work, for the approval of KOC
prior to commencement, which shall include, but not limited to the following:
a) Information on work location, lining materials, equipment to be used, items on

surface areas to be lined, surface preparation, lining application procedure(s) etc.
b) Technical drawings of the equipment to be lined showing the lining details of internal
surfaces.
c) Manufacturer’s technical data certificates, sheets, material performance test

approvals and Manufactures products history, facility approvals etc.
d) Detailed work procedure shall be prepared by the Contractor / Applicator indicating

different types of hazards, precautionary measures in reference to relevant KOC
HSE documents and the Manufacturer shall provide Material Safety Data Sheet
pertaining to their chemicals.
e) Evaluation of all hazards and provision of proposals to meet HSE's requirements

and material safety data sheet (refer Clause 6.0 of this Standard).
f) Inspection / testing plans, procedures and equipment including training certificates

of applicators.
g) Specific repair proposal to satisfy the requirements of Sub-clause 10.10 of this

Standard for small pinholes and other defects repair.
12.3 Work Records / Reports
The Contractor shall operate a comprehensive recording and reporting system on all
aspects of the lining work including inspection / testing. The data shall be set out on a
lining work record / data sheet and inspection / testing record within 24 hours of carrying
out a specific work. The format of report shall be as per the Appendix-4 of this Standard.
12.4 Lining Summary Report I7I
A final report shall be submitted to I&CT upon completion of the lining works. The final
report shall be as per the Appendix-3 of this Standard. All the reports shall be duly
approved & signed by the Inspection & Corrosion Team personnel.
APPENDIX 1
CAULKING APPLICATION
Caulking
Caulking
CAULKING MATERIAL
50 mm MIN.
BOTTOM
50 mm MIN. PLATE
APPENDIX 2 I7I
FIBERGLASS APPLICATION
APPENDIX 3 I7I
TANK COATING & LINING SUMMARY
KUWAIT OIL COMPANY

INSPECTION & CORROSION TEAM
Tank Coating & Lining Summary
Item / Tank No. Location Dimension
Item Name Contract No. Service
Bottom Plate Underside (Soil Side)

Type of Lining: Manufacturer:
DFT Range: Product:
Accepted Date: Contractor Accepted by
Tank Internal - Bottom Plate and Lower Shell Course up to _____ (m)
DFT Range: Product:
Contractor /
Accepted Date: Accepted by
Applicator
Tank Internal - Shell Course From ___ (m) from bottom up to ___
DFT Range: Product:
Contractor /
Applicator
Tank Internal - Roof Underside and Truss
DFT Range: Product:
Contractor /
Applicator
Tank External - Shell and Roof
Type of Coating: Manufacturer:
DFT Range: Product:
Contractor /
Applicator
Insulation
Manufacturer: Product:
Contractor /
Applicator
Contractor QA / QC Applicator QA / QC Company (KOC-I&CT)

Signature
Name
Date
APPENDIX 4 I7I
INSPECTION REPORT FORMAT
KUWAIT OIL COMPANY

DAILY SURFACE PREPARATION AND LINING REPORT
Project: Procedure No. ITP No.
Contract No: Contractor: Report No.
Area / Location: Tag No:
Operating Temp: Tank Service : Lining system:
Item description:
SURFACE PREPARATION
Date: Start Time: Finish Time: Left Uncoated (Hrs):
Time@ Instrument Used
Serial Validity
DP (°C) Type
No. Date
RH (%)
Ambient (°C)
S. Temp°(C)
Type & Salt /
Abrasive Manufacturer Cleanliness Anchor Profile: Dust Grade
Size Chloride
Initials
Contractor KOC
Place for Testex Tape
Inspection Comments :-
LINING APPLICATION
Date: Start Time: Finish Time:
Time@ Instrument Used
Serial Validity
DP (°C) Type
No. Date
RH (%)
Ambient (°C)
S. Temp. (°C)
Lining Application Methods: A/S Brush Roller Others:
Applied Coat
Coating Product Batch No. / Expiry Colour Thinner Average Specified
WFT DFT DFT
Manufacturer Name Base Curing Agent Shade %
Inspection Comments :-
Contractor QA / QC Applicator QA / QC Company (KOC-I&CT)

Name
Designation
Signature
Date
Note: Separate test reports / documents shall be attached for Holiday Test, Dust test, Hardness Test, Adhesion Test, Marked
Layout diagram and DFT measurement.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The draft of this document “KOC Standard for Internal Lining of Steel Tanks and
Vessels Part 2 : Internal Lining of Above Ground Steel Tanks” (KOC-P-002 Part 2,
Rev. 7)” has been circulated to nominated discipline Focal Point Engineers from various
KOC User Teams for their review & comments and the responses received were suitably
resolved & incorporated into the document.
The Team Leader Standards (Chairman-ESTC Sub-Committee (Technical)) would like to

thank the nominated discipline Focal Point Engineers, Task Force Members and
ESTC S-C (Technical) Members for providing technical inputs and valuable comments for
the successful revision of this document.

KOC-P-002 Part 2 Rev 7

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STANDARDS PUBLICATION

KOC STANDARD FOR

DOC. NO.: KOC-P-002, PART 2

4.0 REFERENCE STANDARDS, CODES AND SPECIFICATIONS 10

5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS 14

6.0 HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT 14

7.0 LINING MATERIALS 16

8.0 SURFACE PREPARATION 29

9.0 LINING & COATING APPLICATION 35

10.0 INSPECTION AND TESTING 43

11.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE 48

13.0 APPENDICES 51-54

Revision 7: Summary of Major Changes in this Revision (Rev. 7)

No. Clause Description of the Major Changes

4 7.1.3 Sub-Clause modified.

7.2, 7.4, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8, 7.9

6 8.3, 8.5 & 8.8 Sub-Clauses are modified.

8.7.7, 9.3 (e, f), 9.5.8 &

9.1, 9.2, 9.4, 9.6.1, 9.7 &

10.1, 10.4, 10.6, 10.7 &

Sub-Clauses added and subsequent sub clauses are

11 12.1.4, 12.1.5 Sub-Clauses added.

12 12.4 Sub-Clause modified.

14 Appendix 3 & 4 New Appendices added.

Part 1: Gunite Lining of Steel Vessels,

This Standard sets out to achieve the following objectives:

The Team Leader Standards

1.0 SCOPE I7I

Diesel Tank PE HBE(2) PE PE PE PE

Table I - General Notes

HBE- HBE-FC / HBE-FC (3) /

For the purposes of this Standard, the following definitions apply:

3.1.6 Dew Point

3.1.7 Dry Film Thickness

3.1.8 Fiberglass Lining

3.1.12 Surface Profile

3.2 Abbreviations I7I

ANSI American National Standards Institute

API American Petroleum Institute

ASTM American Society for Testing & Materials

COD Clean Out Door

CRA Corrosion Resistance Alloy

DFT Dry Film Thickness

FGRL Fiberglass Reinforced Lining

HBE High Build Epoxy

HBE-FC High Build Epoxy-Fast Cure

HSE Health, Safety and Environment

HSSE Health, Safety, Security and Environment

I&CT Inspection and Corrosion Team

ISD Inherently Safer Design

ISO International Organisation for Standardisation

JSA Job Safety Analysis

KOC Kuwait Oil Company (K.S.C.)

KPC Kuwait Petroleum Corporation

SDS Safety Data Sheet

NACE National Association of Corrosion Engineers

NSF National Sanitation Foundation

PPE Personal Protective Equipment

PTW Permit to Work

SDS Safety Data Sheet

SFE Solvent Free Epoxy

SORF Slip-On Raised Face

SSPC The Society for Protecting Coatings

WFT Wet Film Thickness