“ED” Pronunciation in English

Pronunciaton of “ED”
The pronunciation of words ending in “ED” depends on the final
consonant sound. There are three (3) different pronunciations
at the end of regular past tense verbs. /id/ - /t/ - /d/

1. /id/ - use after verbs
ending with a /t/ and /d/.
/t/ - wanted
/d/ - needed
This makes and extra
syllable pronunciation
“id”
2. /t/ - use after verbs ending 3. /d/ - use with verbs
in soft consonant sounds. that end in strong
P – helped (helpt) consonant sounds
L – called (calld)
K – looked (lookt)
N – cleaned (cleand)
F/GH – sniffed (snift/laughed (laft) R – offered (offerd)
SH – washed (washt) G – damaged (damagd)
CH – watched (watcht) V – loved (lovd)
SS – discussed (discusst) S – used (uzd)
C – danced (danct) Z – amazed (amazd)
B – rubbed (rubd)
X – relaxed (relaxt)
M – screamed (screamd)

Base Verb Past Simple Past Participle

(v1) (v2) (v3)

work worked worked

* note it is the sound that is important, not the letter or spelling. For example, "fax" ends in the letter
"x" but the sound /s/; "like" ends in the letter "e" but the sound /k/.
“ED” Pronunciation in English