NGUYỄN THỊ VÂN- 63136287

Các NCKH sau đây lấy mẫu dựa trên các phương pháp nào: Simple Random Sampling (Lấy mẫu
ngẫu nhiên đơn giản), Stratified sampling (Lấy mẫu phân tầng), Systematic sampling (Lấy mẫu hệ
thống), Cluster Sampling (Lấy mẫu theo cụm), Multi-Stage Sampling (Lấy mẫu nhiều giai đoạn),
Convenience Sampling (Lấy mẫu tiện lợi), Purposive Sampling (Lấy mẫu theo mục đích), Quota
Sampling (Lấy mẫu hạn ngạch), Referral /Snowball Sampling (Lấy mẫu theo giới thiệu/cầu tuyết)
1. Suppose the United States government wishes to evaluate the number of immigrants living in
the Mainland US. In that case, based on states such as California, Texas, Florida,
Massachusetts, Colorado, and Hawaii, the conducted survey will be more effective as the
results will be organized into states and provide insightful immigration data.
 Cluster Sampling (Lấy mẫu theo cụm)
2. A new NGO that wants to establish itself in 20 cities. It selects the top 20 cities to serve based
on the proximity to where they’re based.
 Convenience Sampling (Lấy mẫu tiện lợi)
3. A researcher intends to collect a systematic sample of 500 people in a population of 5000.
He/she numbers each element of the population from 1-5000 and will choose every 10th
individual to be a part of the sample (Total population/ Sample Size = 5000/500 = 10).
 Systematic sampling (Lấy mẫu hệ thống)
4. A researcher wants to survey individuals about what smartphone brand they prefer to use.
He/she considers a sample size of 500 respondents. Also, he/she is only interested in
surveying ten states in the US. Here’s how the researcher can divide the population by her/his
intention:
 Gender: 250 males and 250 females
 Age: 100 respondents each between the ages of 16-20, 21-30, 31-40, 41-50, and 51+
 Employment status: 350 employed and 150 unemployed people.
 Location: 50 responses per state
 Quota Sampling (Lấy mẫu hạn ngạch)
5. In an organization of 500 employees, if the HR team decides on conducting team-building
activities, they would likely prefer picking chits out of a bowl. In this case, each of the 500
employees has an equal opportunity of being selected.
 Simple Random Sampling (Lấy mẫu ngẫu nhiên đơn giản)
6. A researcher looking to analyze the characteristics of people belonging to different annual
income divisions will create strata (groups) according to the annual family income. Eg – less
than $20,000, $21,000 – $30,000, $31,000 to $40,000, $41,000 to $50,000, etc. By doing this,
the researcher concludes the characteristics of people belonging to different income groups.
Marketers can analyze which income groups to target and which ones to eliminate to create a
roadmap that would bear fruitful results
 Stratified sampling (Lấy mẫu phân tầng)
7. When researchers want to understand the thought process of people interested in studying for
their master’s degree. The selection criteria will be: “Are you interested in doing your masters
in …?” and those who respond with a “No” are excluded from the sample.  
 Purposive Sampling (Lấy mẫu theo mục đích)
8. There are many tribes in the world which have their own religious beliefs, for instance, the
Balinese people follow syncretism, which is considered to be a mixture of  Hinduism and
Buddhism. For researchers who plan to study the culture of Southeast Asian countries, it is
advised that they select strata using judgmental sampling as religious beliefs are considered to
be highly sensitive in this part of the world. Due to the sensitivity of the topic, if samples of
those who have appropriate knowledge are created and research is conducted with those
samples, results will be highly accurate. Probability sampling techniques often produce
altered results in such cases.
 Referral /Snowball Sampling (Lấy mẫu theo giới thiệu/cầu tuyết)