4.

Example of Hybridization in Molecule

4.1. Hybridization of CH4:

The hybridization in CH4 is basically the combination of 1 carbon and 4 hydrogen atoms
however, to form this compound the central atom carbon which his 4 valance electrons from 4 hydrogen to
complete its octet . when the electron are shared between carbon & hydrogen there is a formation of
covalent bond.

Name of Molecule Methane

Molecular formula CH4
Hybridization type SP3
Bond Angle 109.5⁰
Geometry Tetrahedral

Structure:

4.2. Hybridization of CO2 :

This type of hybridization occur is a result of carbon being bound to two other
atoms. Bond can be either two double bond or one single +one triple bond. Determining hybridization of
carbon dioxide we will take the carbon atom first. carbon atoms has two double bond exist in it. How ever
this is not enough to form bonds with oxygen. What happens next is that one electron from 2s orbital
moves from 2s level to 2p level which results in the formation of two hybrid orbitals. Now, these SP
hybridized orbital of the carbon atom overlaps with two P orbital oxygen atom to foam 2 Sigma bonds As
for the two remaining P electrons they will be use to foam Pi bond.

Name of Molecule Carbon dioxide

Molecular formula CO2
Hybridization type Sp3
Bond Angle 180⁰
Geometry Linear

Structure:
4.3. Hybridization of H2O:
A water molecule is foamed by the bonding two hydrogen atoms and one
oxygen atoms. In doing so, one 2S orbital and three 2p orbitals of oxygen mix together these hybrid
orbitals are of equivalent energy and resemble each other perfectly they are sp3 hybrid orbital.
Name of Molecule Water
Molecular formula H2O
Hybridization type Sp3
Bond Angle 104.5⁰
Geometry Angular or V-Shaped

Structure: