Umm Al Qura University

Majoring in environmental sciences

Prepared by the student:

Jana Abdullah Al-Qurashi
University number: 44410818
Supervised by:
Dr. Hessa Al-Zahrani
Division: 401
Course name: Biology

1
 The relationship between adherence of blood pressure patients to medication and
complications

Step 1 Making an Observation:

The commitment of blood pressure patients to their medication reduces complications that will
return negatively to many patients.
Step 2 Formulating Hypothesis:

“The average blood pressure drops for patients who adhere to the medication is greater than the
level of hypotension for patients who do not adhere to the medication.”

Note: we will study more quantitive measurements in chapter 3

Step 3 Designing an Experiment:

Population and sample:

The population is some patients in Makkah Al-Mukarramah, the sample is for 150 patients.
Source of data:

Interview the patients.

Sampling method:

Systematic sampling

Study design and why:

Case-control study because it is appropriate to investigate the relationship between the two variables.

2
 Collect data:

No.
Mean Maximu Minimu
Socio-Demographic Characteristics Patient
(%) m m
s
18-25 3 2.00%
72.67%
25-35 11 7.33%
Age 2.00%
35-45 27 18.00%
> 45 109 72.67%
Total 150
Male 82 54.70% 54.70% 45.30%
Gender
Female 68 45.30%
Total 150
Urban 69 64.00%
Residence 64.00% 36.00%
Rural 54 36.00%
Total 150
Single 3 2.00%
88.00%
Married 132 88.00%
Marital status 2.00%
Divorced 3 2.00%
Widower 12 8.00%
Total 150
Illiterate 58 38.70%
38.70%
Educational Read and Write 32 21.30%
14.00%
level Intermediate & Secondary 21 14.00%
University 39 26.00%
Total 150
Employed 24 16.00%
Free Work 10 6.70% 44.00%
Occupation House Wife 66 44.00% 2.00%
Unemployed 47 31.30%
Other 3 2.00%
Total 150
Enough 2 1.30%
Monthly 94.70%
Non-Enough 142 94.70% 1.30%
Income
Partially Extent 6 4.00%
Total 150

3
 Descriptive statistics:

Educational level Ages of Patients (years)

50.00% 80.00% 72.67%
38.70%
40.00%
60.00%
30.00% 26.00%
21.30% 40.00%
20.00% 14.00% 18.00%
20.00%
10.00% 7.33%
2.00%
0.00% 0.00%
1 1

Illiterate read and write 25-18 35-25 45-35 45 >

Intermediate & secondary University

Educational level Ages of Patients (years)

%2%7

26.00% %18
38.70%

14.00%
%73
21.30%

Illiterate read and write 25-18 35-25 45-35 45 >

Intermediate & secondary University

4
 Gender of Patients Marital status
60.00% 400.00%
54.70% 54.70%
40.00% 300.00%
45.30% 45.30%
200.00%
20.00%
100.00%
0.00%
0.00%
Male Female
Single Married Divorced Widower
2‫سلسلة‬ 1‫سلسلة‬
3‫سلسلة‬ 4‫سلسلة‬ 2‫سلسلة‬ 1‫سلسلة‬

Marital status 2.00%

Gender of Patients
8.00%
2.00%

%45
%55 88.00%

Single Married Divorced Widower

Male Female

Residence
Monthly Income
80.00% 100.00%
64.00%
80.00% 94.70%
60.00%
36.00% 60.00%
40.00%
40.00%
20.00%
20.00% 1.30% 4.00%
0.00%
0.00%
1
Enough Non-Enough Partially Extent
‫عنوان المحور‬
Enough Non-Enough Partially Extent
Urban Rural

Residence Monthly Income

%%
41

%36

%64
%95

5 Enough Non-Enough Partially Extent

Urban Rural
 Occupation
50.00% 44.00%
40.00% 31.30%
30.00%
20.00% 16.00%
6.70%
10.00% 2.00%
0.00%
1

Employed Free Work House Wife Unemployed Other

Occupation
%2
%16
%31 %7

%44

Employed Free Work House Wife Unemployed Other

Step 4 Conclusion:
We conclude through data collection the following points:

1- The histogram of multivariable is bimodal, from figures that show up.

2- most of the blood pressure patients have good health status and not using medications, from figures that
show up.

Then we draw our conclusion based the previous results that the adherence of blood pressure patients s
reduces the blood pressure.