STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY MODULAR ACTIVITIES

Mark James M. Acosta Week 1 June 6 2021

LUCIO TAN Q4-Module 1 Testing Hypothesis

WHAT I KNOW (1-3)

*Choose the letter of the best answer*

D 1. It is a proposed explanation, assertion, or assumption about a population

parameter or about the distribution of a random variable.
A. Decision C. Probablity
B. Statistic D. Hypothesis
C 2. What is the statistical method used in making decisions using experimental
data.
A. Simple analysis C. Hypothesis testing
B. Analytical testing D. Experimental testing
D 3. It is also the probability of committing an incorrect decision about the null
hypothesis.
A. Level of error C. Level of acceptance
B. Level of hypothesis D. Level of significance
B 4. Which of the following describes an alternative hypothesis using two-tailed
test?
A. Ha = 100 C. Ha > 100
B. Ha=/= 100 D. Ha < 100
B 5. In a one tailed test, in which critical value listed below will the computed z of
2.313 fall in the acceptance region.
A. 1.383 C. 2.228
B. 1.533 D. 2.365
C 6. Which of the following would be an appropriate null hypothesis?
 A. The mean of a sample is equal to 75
B. The mean of a population is equal to 75.
C. The mean of a sample is not equal to 75.
D. The mean of a population is greater than to 75.
B 7. When is a Type I error committed?
A. We reject a null hypothesis that is false.
B. We reject a null hypothesis that is true.
C. We fail to reject a null hypothesis that is true.
D. We fail to reject a null hypothesis that is false.
C 8. When is a Type II error committed?
A. We reject a null hypothesis that is false.
B. We reject a null hypothesis that is true.
C. We fail to reject a null hypothesis that is true.
D. We fail to reject a null hypothesis that is false.
A 9. Which of the following is a Type I error?
A. Ho is true; reject Ho C. Ho is true; fail to reject Ho
B. Ho is false; reject Ho D. Ho is false; fail to reject Ho
A 10. Which of the following describes an alternative hypothesis in a left-tailed
test?
A. Ha > 100 C. Ha = 100
B. Ha < 100 D. Ha =/= 100
D 11. Which of the following must be used as the level of the significance if we
want a higher possibility of correct decision?
A. 1% B. 5% C. 10% D. 25%

A 12. Which of the following would be an appropriate alternative hypothesis for

one-tailed test?
A. Ha < 100 B. Ha = 100 C. Ha > 100 D. Ha < 100

A 13. Using a left-tailed test, which of the following value of z falls in the rejection
region where the critical value is -1.725?
 A. -1.700 B. -1.715 C. -1,724 D. -1.728

A 14. If the computed z value is 2.015 and the critical value is 1.833, which of the
following statements could be true?
A. It lies in the rejection region, Ho must be rejected
B. It lies in the rejection region, we failed to reject Ho
C. It lies in the non rejection region, Ho must be rejected
D. It lies in the non rejection region, we failed to reject Ho
C 15. If the computed z value is -1.290 and the critical value is -2.571, which of the
following statements could be true?
A. It lies in the rejection region, Ho must be rejected
B. It lies in the rejection region, we failed to reject Ho
C. It lies in the non rejection region, Ho must be rejected
D. It lies in the non rejection region, we failed to reject Ho

WHAT’S MORE
ACT 1.1(Pg. 15-16)
1. Ho : The day reduces uric acid by 50% , n = 0.50.
Ha : The day does not reduce uric acid by 50% , n =/= 0.50.
2. Ho : The general average of students in math is 80% , n = 0.80.
Ha : The general average of students in math is greater than to 80% ,
n < 0.80.
3. Ho : The mean height of grade 8 student is 58 inches, n = 58.
Ha : The mean height of grade 8 is not 58 inches, n =/= 58.
4. Ho : LPIHS students take more than 4 years to graduate from high school,
n < 4.
Ha : LPIHS students didn’t take more than 4 years to graduate from high
school, n =/= 4.
5. Ho : We take the test less than 60 minutes to answer the quarterly test in
calculus, n > 60.
Ha : We can’t take the test less than 60 minutes to answer the quarterly
test in calculus, n =/= 60.
 6. Ho : The day conducted whether or not a new vaccine reduces the
complications of dengue fever, n = x
Ha : The day reject to conduct whether or not a new vaccine reduces the
complications of dengue fever, n =/= x
7. Ho : This school year the enrolment in high school increase by 10%,
n < 0.10.
Ha : This school year the enrolment in high school decease by 10 %,
n > 0.10.
8. Ho : The intelligence of male grade 11 students is the same as the female
students, n = x.
Ha : The intelligence of male grade 11 students is not the same as the
female students, n =/= x.
9. Ho : Grade 7 students are prefer in online distance learning as the method
of instruction, n = x.
Ha : Grade 7 students doesn’t prefer in online distance learning as the
method of instruction, n =/= x.
10. Ho : The number of the students accessing the school library has been
increase, n < x.
Ha : The number of the students accessing the school library has been
decrease, n > x.

ACTIVITY 1.2( pg.16)

1. One-tailed test 6. One-tailed test
2. Two-tailed test 7. Two-tailed test
3. Two-tailed test 8. One-tailed test
4. One-tailed test 9. One-tailed test
5. One-tailed test 10. Two-tailed test
ACTIVITY 1.3 (pg. 16-18)
1. Acceptance 6. Rejection
2. Rejection 7. Acceptance
3. Rejection 8. Acceptance
4. Acceptance 9. Rejection
5. Rejection 10. Rejection

ACTIVITY 1.4 (pg. 18-20) TYPE I OR TYPE II

1.What would be the consequence of Type I error?
They conclude that the solar
panel is effective when it is
actually effective.
They do not conclude that the
solar panel is effective when
it is not actually effective.
They conclude that the solar
panel is effective when it is
not actually effective.
2.What
would
They do not conclude that the
2.What
solar panel is effective when
would be
it is actually effective.
the
consequence of Type II error?

3. What would be the consequence of Type I error?

The owner closes the The owner does not close the
pool when it needs to be pool when it needs to be
closed.
closed.
4. What would be the consequence of Type II error?
The owner does not close the The owner does not close the
pool when it does not need to pool when it needs to be
be closed. closed.

5. In terms of safety, which error has more dangerous consequences?

*Type II error

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED:

1.Hypothesis testing 6.The null hypothesis is true
2.Hypothesis 7.Two-tailed test
3.Disprove, reject, or nullify 8.One-tailed test
4.Null Hypothesis 9.Reject the null hypothesis
5.Alpha (a) 10.Type I error

ASSESSMENT
*Choose the letter of the best answer*

D 1.What is the statistical method used in making decisions using experimental

data.
A.Observation C. Analytical testing
B.Simple analysis D.Hypothesis testing
C 2.When terms is being used to describe a proposed explanation, assertion, or
assumption about a population parameter or about the distribution of a random
variable.
A. Statistic B. Decision C. Hypothesis D. Probability
D 3. It is also the probability of committing an incorrect decision about the null
hypothesis.
A. Level of error C. Level of acceptance
B. Level of hypothesis D. Level of significance
B 4. Which of the following would be an appropriate null hypothesis?
A. The mean of a sample is equal to 80
B. The mean of a population is equal to 80.
C. The mean of a sample is not equal to 80.
D. The mean of a population is greater than to 80.
A 5. Which of the following describes a null hypothesis using two-tailed test?
A.Ho: n=No B.Ho: n=/=No C.Ho: n>No D.Ho: n<No
C 6. Which of the following describes an alternative hypothesis using two-tailed
test?
A.Ha: n<50 years old C.Ha: n=/=50 years old
B.Ha: n>50 years old D.Ha: n=50 years old
D 7. Which of the following must be used as the level of the significance if we
want a lower possibility of correct decision?
A. 1% B. 2% C. 5% D. 10%
D 8. Which of the following would be an appropriate alternative hypothesis for
one-tailed test?
A.Ha: n=85 B.Ha: n > 85 C.Ha: n < 85 D.Ha: n < 85
D 9. In a one tailed test, in which critical values below will the computed z of
2.312 falls in the non-rejection region?
A. 1.383 C. 2.228
B. 1.533 D. 2.354
A 10. When is a Type I error committed?
A. We reject a null hypothesis that is true.
B. We reject a null hypothesis that is false.
 C. We fail to reject a null hypothesis that is true.
D. We fail to reject a null hypothesis that is false.
D 11. When is a Type II error committed?
A. We reject a null hypothesis that is true.
B. We reject a null hypothesis that is false.
C. We fail to reject a null hypothesis that is true.
D. We fail to reject a null hypothesis that is false.
A 12. Which of the following is a Type I error?
A. Ho is true; reject Ho C. Ho is true; fail to reject Ho
B. Ho is false; reject Ho D. Ho is false; fail to reject Ho
D 13. If the computed z value is 1.286 and the critical value is 1.383, which of the
following statements could be true?
A. It lies in the rejection region, Ho must be rejected
B. It lies in the rejection region, hence we failed to reject Ho
C. It lies in the non rejection region, Ho must be rejected
D. It lies in the non rejection region, hence we failed to reject Ho
A 14. Using a left-tailed test, which of the following value of z falls in the rejection
region where the critical value is -1.638?
A. -1.637 B. -1.639 C. -1,641 D. -1.706
A 15. If the computed z value is 1.915 and the critical value is 1.812, which of the
following statements could be true?
A. It lies in the rejection region, Ho must be rejected
B. It lies in the rejection region, hence we failed to reject Ho
C. It lies in the non rejection region, Ho must be rejected
D. It lies in the non rejection region, hence we failed to reject Ho

Q4 MODULE 2: IDENTIFYING PARAMETERS FOR TESTING IN GIVEN REAL LIFE

PROBLEMS
WHAT I KNOW
B 1.Which of the following population parameters is used sa as symbol for the
mean or average population?
A.o B.n C.p D.x
D 2.Which of the following statements best describes a parameter?
A. It describes the sample. C. It describes the hypothesis
B. It describes the researcher. D. It describes the population.
D 3. A researcher estimates that the average height of buildings in a large city is
at least 700 feet. Based on the given data, which is the parameter?
A. The researcher. C. Buildings in a large city.
B. At least 700 feet. D . The average height of the buildings.
C 4. The average height of a 1 year old chid is 29 inches. What is a parameter ?
A. A one year old child C. The average height of 29 inches B. The mean of
height is 33 inches D. A random sample of 30 children who 1 year old
D 5.Which is the parameter in the given situation below? The average of 10
college students is 24 years.
A. 24 years. C. Age of the college students.
B. 10 college students. D. The average age of 24 years.
C 6. A parameter is...........
A. A numerical value summarizing the sample data.
B. A planned activity with results yielding a set of data.
C. A numerical value that summarizes all the data of an entire population.
D. The set of values collected from the variable from each of the elements that
belongs to the sample.
D 7. Which of the following is a parameter?
A. Sx B. x C. p D. n
B 8. Which of the following symbols represents population standard deviation?
A. p B. o C. p D. n
D 9. SWS survey was trying to see if people in the Philippines thought the
population was too high. Which choice best represents a parameter?
A. All people in the Philippines.
B. 500 randomly selected residents of the Philippines.
C. 71% of the residents surveyed who thought the pollution was too high.
D. percentage of all people in the Philippines who thought the pollution was too
high.
C 10. A research conducted on a certain company last year showed that 25% of
the employees would rather drink coffee than soft drinks during break time.
Which choice best represents a parameter?
A. 25 employees C. The percentage of employees
B. All employees D. Coffee rather than soft drinks
D 11.What is the parameter in the problem that follows? A fast food outlet
claims that mean waiting time in less than 1.9 minutes. A random sample of 20
customers has a mean of 1.7 minutes with a standard deviation o f 0.8 minute.
Test the food outlet’s claim at a = 0.05.
A. Mean of 1.7 minutes C. Random sample of 20 costumers B. The level of
significance of 0.05 D. The mean waiting time of line less than 1.9 minutes.
D 12. A councilor is concerned about the percentage of city residents who
express disapproval of her performance. Her political committee pays for a
newspaper ad ,hoping to keep her disapproval rating below 21 %. What is the
parameter?
A. Average of all residents. C. Political committee paying a newspaper ad.
B. Disapproval rating below 21%. D. Percentage of city residents who express
disapproval.
A 13. A motorcycle manufacturer advertises that its new subcompact models
get 47 mpg. If n is the mileage of these cars, What kind of parameter is used?
A. Mean C. Proportion
B. Variance D. Standard deviation
C 14. Three percent (3%) of cars of a certain model have needed new engines
after being driven between 0 and 80 miles. The manufacturer hopes that
redesigning one of the engine’s components has solved this problem. What kind
of parameter is illustrated in the problem?
A. Mean C. Proportion
B. Variance D. Standard deviation
D 15. A random sample of 101cbottles of cologne showed an average content of
4 oz. It is known that the population standard deviation of the contents is 0.22
oz. In this problem, translate the parameter into symbols.
A. μ = 4 B. σ = 101 C. μ = 0.22 D. σ = 0.22

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

1.*WHAT IS A PARAMETER? *Is any numerical quantity that characterizes a
given population or some of its aspects. This means a parameter tells us
something about the whole population.
2.*WHAT ARE THE TWO COMMONLY USED PARAMETER? WHAT ARE THEIR
SYMBOLS OR NOTATIONS ?
*μ refers to a population mean. σ refers to the standard deviation of a
population.
3. *WHAT ARE THE OTHER NOTATIONS USED AS PARAMETERS?
*σ2 refers to the variance of a population. P refers to the proportion of
population elements that have a particular attribute.
4. *To identify the parameter to be tested in a claim/hypothesis, what are the
concepts to consider?
* When testing a claim, distinguish among situations involving one population
mean, one population proportion, two population means, or two population
proportions. Given a claim about a population, determine null and alternative
hypotheses.

WHAT I CAN DO; list down five (5) different real – life situation where
hypothesis testing can be done. Identify the parameter to be tested in each
situations.
*Null hypothesis - Children who take vitamin C are no less likely to become
ill during flu season.
*Alternative hypothesis - Children who take vitamin C are less likely to
become ill during flu season.
*Significance level - The significance level is 0.05.

* P-value - The p-value is calculated to be 0.20.

*Conclusion - After providing one group with vitamin C during flu

season and the other with a placebo, you record whether or not
participants got sick by the end of flu season. After conducting your
statistical analysis on the results, you determine a p-value of 0.20. That
is above the desired significance level of 0.05, and thus you fail to reject
the null hypothesis. Based on your experiment, there is no support for
the (alternative) hypothesis that vitamin C can prevent colds.

• Ibuprofen is more effective than aspirin in helping a person who

has had a heart attack.
• Contrary to popular belief, people can see through walls.
• Redheads are insecure about their hair color.
• Young boys are prone to more behavioural problems than young
girls.
ASSESSMENT

C 1.The numerical measure that describes the certain characteristics of

a population is called ________________.

A. Sample B. Statistics C. Parameter D. Population

A 2. What are the two common parameter of normal distribution?

A. μ and σ B. σ and p C. p and μ D. p and p

C 3. Anna wants to estimate the average shower time of teenagers. From the
sample of 50 teenagers, She found out that it takes 5 minutes for teenagers to
shower. What is the parameter?

A. sample of 50 teenagers C. average shower time of teenagers

B. 50 teenagers in 5 minutes D. took 5 minutes for teenagers to shower

A 4. What kind o parameter is applied in the given situation? ‘’The mean height of
all Grade 11 students is 170 cm.’’

A. Mean B. Variance C. Proportion D. Standard deviation

B 5. An education official wants to estimate the proportion of adults aged 18 and

above who had read at least one book during the previous year. A random sample
of 1,006 adults aged 18 or order is obtained, and 835 of those adults had read at
least one book during the previous year. Determine the parameter in the
situation.

A. The parameter is the 835 adults.

B. The parameter is the average of adults aged 18 and above .

C. The parameter is the average of adults who had read at least once book during
the previous year.

D. The parameter is the random sample of 1,006 adults 18 and above who had
read a book in the previous year.
C 6. Which of the following denotes the true value that would be obtained if a
census rather than a sample was undertaken?

A. Sample B.Statistic C. Parameter D. Population

B 7. Which of the following is NOT is a parameter?

A. ∑ B. σ2 C. μ D. p

B 8. Which of the following symbols is used for population variance?

A. ∑ B. σ2 C. σ D. μ

D 9. A study claims that the mean survival time for a certain cancer patient
treated immediately with chemotherapy and radiation is 24 months. Which is
the parameter?

A. 24 Months
B. Study claims or cancer
C. Mean survival time for a certain cancer patient
D. Mean survival time for 24 months with chemotherapy and radiation

B 10. What is the parameter to be tested in this claim? As stated by a company’s

shipping department, the number of shipping errors per million shipments has a
standard deviation of 2.7.

A. Million shipments C. Number of shipping errors

B. Standard deviation of 2.7 D. Company shipping department

C 11. A researcher claims that the mean monthly consumption of coffee per
person is more than 19 cups. In a sample of 60 randomly selected people, the
mean monthly consumption was 20. The standard deviation of the sample was 4
cups. Which is the parameter to be tested in this claim?

A. Sample of 60 randomly selected people

B. Mean consumption of 60 selected people
C. The mean consumption of coffee per person
D. The standard deviation of the sample which was 4 cups.
C 12. A certified public accountant (CPA) claims that more than 30% of all
accountants advertise. What kind of parameter is used in this claim?

A. Mean B. Variance C Proportion D. Standard deviation

D 13. The average baptismal cost includes 50 guests. A random sample of 32

baptismal during the past year in the National Capital Region has a mean of 53
guests and a standard deviation of 10. Which is the parameter?

A. The mean of 53 guests C. A random sample of 32 baptismal B. The

standard deviation of 10 D. The average baptismal cost including 50
guests.

B 14. Powder milk is packed in 1-kilogram bag. An inspector from Department

of Trade and Industry (DTI) suspects that bags may not contain 1 kilogram. A
sample of 40 bags produces a mean of 0.96 kilograms and standard deviation
of 0.12 kilogram. In this problem , 0.96 kilogram is _______.

A. Variance C. Population mean

B. Sample mean D. Standard deviation

A 15. In symbols, what is the parameter in the given claim below? In 2018,
DepEd reported that the proportion of grade 10 completers who proceeded to
Grade 11 is 93%.

A. P = 0.93 B. σ = 0.93 C. μ = 0.93 D. x = 0.93