LEEA-062 Series Guidance To The Manufacturer of Lifting Equipment To The Development of Instructions For Use - V1 April 2015

General guidance
to the
Manufacturer of
Lifting Equipment
to the
Development of
Instructions for
Use
Document Reference LEEA 062

General Guidance to the Manufacturer of Lifting Equipment to the
Development of Instructions for Use
Document reference LEEA 062 dated 24th April 2015
Published by the
LIFTING EQUIPMENT ENGINEERS ASSOCIATION
3 Osprey Court, Kingfisher Way
Hinchingbrooke Business Park
Huntingdon PE29 6FN
United Kingdom
Tel: + 44 (0) 1480 432801 Fax: + 44 (0) 1480 436314
E-mail: mail@leea.co.uk Website: www.leeaint.com
Version 1 April 2015

1.0 Introduction
It is a requirement of the Supply of Machinery (Safety) Regulations 2008 that adequate instructions are
supplied with all lifting equipment. These instructions must be in the official community language or
languages of the member state in which the equipment is to be placed on the market and put into
service.
The contents of the instructions must cover not only the intended use of the lifting equipment but also
take into account any reasonable foreseeable misuse thereof.
Where lifting equipment is intended for use by non-professional operators, the wording and layout of
the instructions for use must take into account the level of general education and acumen that can
reasonably be expected from such operators.
The following information is given as guidance to the manufacturer of Lifting Equipment to enable them
to develop adequate instructions for use and assist them in fulfilling their legal obligations under the
Supply of Machinery (Safety) Regulations 2008.
2.0 Contents of the Instructions for Use

Each instruction manual must contain, where applicable, at least the following generic information.
1. Business name and full address of the manufacturer.

2. The designation of the machinery as marked on the machinery itself, except for the serial number.
3. The EC Declaration of Conformity or the contents of the EC Declaration of Conformity, showing the
particulars of the Lifting Equipment, without the serial number and signatures.
4. A general description of the Lifting Equipment.
5. Drawings, diagrams, descriptions and explanations necessary for use, maintenance and repair of
the lifting equipment and for checking its correct functioning.
6. A description of the workstation(s) likely to be occupied by operators.
7. A description of the intended use of the lifting equipment.
8. Warnings concerning ways in which the machinery must not be used that experience has shown
might occur.
9. Assembly, installation and connection instructions, including drawings, diagrams and the means of
attachment and the designation of the chassis or installation on which the lifting equipment is to be
mounted.
10. Instructions relating to installation and assembly for reducing noise or vibration.
11. Instructions for putting into service and use of the lifting equipment and, if necessary, instructions
for training operators.
12. Information regarding residual risks that may remain despite inherent safe design measures,
safeguarding and complementary protective measures adopted.
13. Instructions on the protective measures to be taken by the user, including, where appropriate PPE
to be provided.
14. The essential characteristics of tools which may be fitted to the Lifting Equipment.
15. The conditions in which the lifting equipment meets the requirements for stability during use,
transportation, assembly, dismantling when out of service, testing or foreseeable breakdowns.
16. Instructions with a view to ensuring that transportation, handling and storage operations can be
made safely, given the mass of the lifting equipment and of its various parts where these are
regularly to be transported separately.
17. The operating method to be followed in the event of accident or breakdown; if a blockage is likely
to occur, the operating method to be followed so as to enable the equipment to be safely unblocked.
18. A description of the adjustment and maintenance operations that should be carried out by the user
and the preventative maintenance measures that should be observed.
19. Instructions designed to enable adjustment and maintenance to be carried out safely, including the
protective measures that should be taken during these operations.
20. The specifications of the spare parts that should be used, when these affect the health and safety
of the operators.
21. The noise emission declaration.
The following additional items are specific to Lifting Machines only;
22. The technical characteristics of the Lifting machine.

23. Contents of the log book, if the latter is not supplied with the lifting machine.
24. Advice for use, particularly to offset the lack of direct vision of the load by the operator.
25. Where appropriate, a test report detailing the static and dynamic tests to be carried out by the
manufacturer.
26. For machinery which is not assembled on the premises of the manufacturer in the form in which it
is to be used, the necessary instructions for performing the measures necessary for checking fitness
for purpose, before it is first put into service.
The following additional items are specific to Lifting Accessories only;
27. The intended use

28. The limits of use (particularly for lifting accessories such as magnetic or vacuum pads which do not
fully comply with the requirement that holding devices be designed and constructed in such a way
that inadvertent dropping of loads is avoided.
29. Instructions for assembly, use and maintenance
30. The static test coefficient used.
These are the minimum requirements for general purpose lifting equipment and therefore the author of
instructions is advised that this list is not to be taken as exhaustive.
The following sections give further guidance on each of the above and offer examples to enable the
manufacturer of lifting equipment to ensure that they are providing adequate instructions for use.
2.1 Business name and full address of the manufacturer.

This must be the same information that is written on the EC Declaration of Conformity. On some smaller
items of lifting equipment a symbol unique to the manufacturer will be marked on the equipment, in this
case this must also be included, along with the full business name and address of the manufacturer, in
the instructions for use.
2.2 The designation of the machinery as marked on the machinery itself, except the serial
number.
The designation of the machinery is the name or code number given by the manufacturer to the model
of the lifting equipment concerned. Where a model of lifting equipment has several variants, it must be
made clear to the user which specific parts of the instructions apply to each variant. Similarly, if the
instructions cover more than one model or type, for example, if they cover several models or types of
lifting equipment belonging to the same series, it must be made clear to the user which specific parts
of the instructions apply to each model or type.
2.3 The EC Declaration of Conformity or the contents of the EC Declaration of Conformity,

showing the particulars of the lifting equipment, without the serial number and signatures.
Like the instructions, the EC Declaration must accompany the equipment. In order to fulfil this obligation,
the manufacturer can choose between the two following alternatives:
1. The signed EC Declaration of Conformity is included in the instruction booklet. This is

appropriate in the case of one-off lifting machines or accessories produced in small numbers.
2. A document setting out the contents of the EC Declaration (not necessarily including the serial
number and the signature) is included on the instruction booklet, in which case the EC
Declaration of conformity must be provided separately.
2.4 A general description of the lifting equipment.

The purpose of this description is aimed at enabling the user to identify the main parts of the equipment
and their functions.
2.5 Drawings, diagrams, descriptions and explanations necessary for use, maintenance and
repair of the lifting equipment and for checking its correct functioning.
This deals with the information and explanations necessary for safe use, maintenance and repair of the
equipment and for checking if it is working correctly. Clear and simple drawings, diagrams, graphs and
tables are usually preferable to long written explanations. However, necessary explanations must be
placed adjacent to the illustrations to which they refer.

For lifting equipment it is advised that the diagrams show the correct intended use, but also foreseeable
incorrect use. For example figure 1, below, shows diagrams of the correct and incorrect methods of
slinging. The text also explains how the lifting capacity is reduced as a result of the sling method.
Figure 1: Choke hitched single leg sling, mode factor 0.8 x WLL marked on the sling. Note do not force,
hammer or wedge chain slings or their fittings into position.
2.6 A description of the workstation(s) likely to be occupied by operators.

This deals with the workstations foreseen for operators. Aspects to be covered include, for example:
- The location of workstations
- The adjustment of seats, foot rests or other parts of the machinery to ensure good posture and
reduce vibrations transmitted to the operator.
- The layout and identification of control devices and their functions
- The different operating or control modes and the protective measures and precautions relating
to each mode.
- Use of guards and or protective devices fitted to the machinery
- Use of equipment fitted to contain or evacuate hazardous substances or to maintain good
working conditions.
2.7 A description of the intended use of the lifting equipment.

The description of the intended use of the lifting equipment must include precise indication of the
purposes for which it is intended.
The description of the intended use must cover all the different operating modes and phases of use of
the machinery and specify safe values for the parameters on which the safe use of the machinery
depends. Such factors may include for example,
- The maximum lifting load

- The maximum slope on which mobile machinery can operate without loss of stability
- The maximum wind speed in which the machinery can be used safely
The description of intended use could be supplemented with diagrams and tables as described in 2.5
above.
2.8 Warnings concerning ways in which the machinery must not be used that experience has
shown might occur.
This requires the manufacturer’s instructions to take into account foreseeable misuse of the lifting
equipment. To avoid such misuse it is helpful to indicate to the user the usual reasons for such misuse
and to explain the consequences. The warnings against foreseeable misuse of the lifting equipment
must take into account of feedback from users and information about accidents or incidents involving
similar equipment.

The description of foreseeable misuse could be supplemented with diagrams and tables as described
in 2.5 above.
2.9 Assembly, installation and connection instructions, including drawings, diagrams and the
means of attachment and the designation of the chassis or installation on which the lifting
equipment is to be mounted.
This covers operations to be carried out by or on behalf of the user before the machinery is put into
service.
Assembly instructions are necessary for machinery that is not supplied to the user ready to use, for
example, where elements of the machinery have been disassembled for transport or packaging
purposes. Particular attention must be given to assembly instructions where assembly is to be carried
out by non-professional users.
Assembly instructions for interchangeable equipment must specify the type or types of basic
machinery with which the equipment can be safely used and include the necessary instructions for the
safe assembly of the interchangeable equipment with the basic machinery by the user. In the case of
machinery supplied without a drive system, the instructions must indicate all the necessary
specifications for the drive system to be fitted such as the type, power and means of connection, and
include precise fitting instructions for the drive system.
Installation instructions are necessary for machinery that has to be installed on and/or fixed to
particular supports, structures or buildings, on foundations or on the ground, in order to ensure its
safe use and stability. The instructions must specify the requisite dimensions and load bearing
characteristics of the supports and the means to be used to fix the machinery to its supports. For
machinery intended to be installed on means of transport, the instructions must specify the vehicles or
trailers on which the machinery can be safely installed, either by reference to their technical
characteristics or, where necessary, by reference to specific models of vehicle.
Connection instructions must describe the measures to be used to ensure safe connection of the
machinery to energy supplies, supplies of fluids and so on. The relevant characteristics of the
supplies, such as, for example, voltage, power, pressure or temperature, must be specified. The safe
connection of the machinery to the means of evacuating hazardous substances must also be
specified, when these means are not an integral part of the machinery.
2.10 Instructions relating to installation and assembly for reducing noise or vibration.
This is in relation to a specific aspect of the installation and assembly instructions relating to the
reduction of noise or vibration emissions.
With respect to noise, the instructions must specify, where appropriate, the correct assembly and
installation of equipment supplied by the machinery manufacturer to reduce noise emission.
With respect to vibrations, the instructions may include, for example, specifications for foundations with
adequate damping characteristics.
2.11 Instructions for putting into service and use of the lifting equipment and, if necessary,
instructions for training operators.
The instructions for putting into service shall indicate all of the necessary checks, functional tests or
inspections that need to be carried out to ensure the lifting equipment is in good working condition
before first use.
This section must also indicate whether specific training is required to use the equipment correctly. The
manufacturer is not expected to provide a full training program or training manual in the instructions.
However the instructions may indicate important aspects to be covered by the operator training in order
to help employers fulfil their obligations to provide appropriate training to operators.
2.12 Information regarding residual risks that may remain despite inherent safe design
measures, safe guarding and complementary protective measures adopted.
The instructions must include clear statements relating to any risks that have not been sufficiently
reduced by inherently safe design measures or by integrated technical protective measures.

For example when using one leg of a multi-leg sling to back hook free legs to the master link to prevent
snagging.
2.13 Information on the protective measures to be taken by the user, including, where
appropriate PPE.
The measures to be specified in the instructions may include for example;
- The organisation of safe systems of work
- The restriction of certain tasks to trained and authorised operatives
- The provision and use of appropriate PPE
2.14 The essential characteristics of tools which may be fitted to the lifting equipment.
This deals with instructions relating to tools that are not permanently fixed to the machinery and that
may be changed by the user. Such tools are not considered as part of the machinery, however the safe
use of the machinery frequently depends on the fitting and use of appropriate tools.
In almost all cases this will not be required for lifting equipment as it is perhaps more relevant to tools
like drill bits in a CNC machine for example. However if tools are to be used with the lifting equipment
then the instructions may include, for example:
- The maximum or minimum dimensions and mass of tools;
- The constituent materials and assemblies of tools;
- The requisite shape or other essential design features of tools;
- The compatibility of the tools with the tool-holders on the machinery.
2.15 The conditions in which the lifting equipment meets the requirements for stability during
use, transportation, assembly, dismantling when out of service, testing or foreseeable
breakdowns.
Where the design and construction of the lifting equipment ensures the stability of the lifting equipment
under certain defined conditions, these must be specified in the instructions.
In many cases simple statements limiting the conditions of use would be acceptable here, for example:
- Do not use on slopes exceeding xx degrees
- Do not operate in wind speeds in excess of xx m/s
The instructions must also provide advice on stability during certain periods in the lifting equipment’s
life, such as during transportation, assembly, dismantling and maintenance for example.
2.16 Instructions with a view to ensuring that transportation, handling and storage operations
can be made safely, given the mass of the lifting equipment and of its various parts where
these are regularly to be transported separately.
Instructions for safe transport, handling and storage of the machinery and of parts that are to be
transported separately shall include, as appropriate:
- Instructions for the safe manual handling of the lifting equipment or parts of the sling that are to
be moved by hand.
- Instructions on the use of attachment points for lifting the machinery, the mass of the machinery
and of the parts to be transported.
- Instructions with regards to the mass of the lifting equipment to be transported.
- Instructions for safe storage to prevent damage and degradation to the sling or injury to
persons.
2.17 The operating method to be followed in the event of accident or breakdown; if a blockage
is likely to occur, the operating method to be followed so as to enable the equipment to be
safely unblocked.
This section requires the manufacturer to anticipate potential malfunctioning of the lifting equipment and
to specify the procedures to be followed to deal with emergencies. The measures to be specified,
include, for example, the methods used to rescue injured persons, to summon help or to rescue trapped
persons.

The instructions should also describe the method to be followed in the case of a blockage of moving
parts and explain the use of any special protective devices or tools provided for that purpose.
2.18 A description of the adjustment and maintenance operations that should be carried out
by the user and the preventative maintenance measures that should be observed.
This requires the manufacturer to describe the maintenance operations that must be carried out by the
user.
In particular, the instructions must specify the maintenance operations that must be carried out and
indicate their frequency. The instructions should list those parts of the lifting equipment that must be
checked regularly in order to detect excessive wear, periodicity of these checks (in terms of number of
cycles) and the nature of the necessary inspections or tests. Criteria must be given for the replacement
of worn parts.
2.19 Instructions designed to enable adjustment and maintenance to be carried out safely,
including the protective measure to be taken during these operations.
The instructions must specify the necessary methods and procedures that must be followed in order to
ensure that adjustment and maintenance operations can be carried out safely. The appropriate
protective measures and precautions to be taken during maintenance operations must be indicated.
The instructions shall include, as appropriate:
- Information on the isolation of energy sources, the locking of the isolator, the dissipation of
residual energies and the verification of the safe state of the lifting equipment.
- Measures to ensure safety for maintenance operations that must be carried out while the
machinery is operating.
- Methods to be used to safely remove or replace components.
- Precautions to be taken when cleaning internal parts which have contained hazardous
substances.
- Means of access to be used for exceptional repairs.
2.20 The specifications of the spare parts that should be used, when these affect the health
and safety of the operators.
In general the supply of spare parts is not covered by the Supply of Machinery (Safety) Regulations and
thus a matter for contractual agreement between the manufacturer and the user. However, where parts
subject to wear and tear need to be replaced in order to protect the health and safety of users, the
specifications of the appropriate spare parts must be given in the instructions.
2.21 The noise emission declaration.

This sets out the information on airborne noise emission to be stated in what is currently called the
noise emission declaration. This declaration has two main purposes:
- to assist users to choose machinery with reduced noise emission;

- to provide information useful for the risk assessment to be carried out by the employer
according to national provisions implementing article 4 of Directive 2003/10/EC on the exposure
of workers to the risks arising from noise.
In this respect, it should be recalled that the manufacturer's noise emission declaration only provides
information about the contribution of the machinery itself to noise in the workplace. The level of
exposure of workers cannot be simply deduced from the machinery manufacturer's noise emission
declaration, since the exposure of operators is also influenced by other factors.
The information to be provided in the noise emission declaration includes three different noise
emission quantities:
1. The A-weighted emission sound pressure level, LpA, produced by the machinery at its
workstation(s). This is the average A-weighted sound pressure level over a specific time,
representative of a full work cycle of the machinery. Being an emission value, it excludes
contributions from the environment of the machinery such as reflections of noise from walls or
noise from other sources at the workplace.

This quantity must be determined by measurement for all machinery using an appropriate test
code, whether or not the machinery is considered noisy. If the measured value does not
exceed 70 dB(A), the instructions must state this. If the measured value exceeds 70 dB(A),
the measured value must be stated in the instructions.
2. The peak C-weighted instantaneous sound pressure value, also known as the C-weighted
peak sound pressure level, LpCpeak. This is the maximum value reached by the C weighted
sound pressure over a specific duration representative of a full work cycle of the machine.
This value is relevant for machinery that emits strongly impulsive noise. It only has to be
stated in the instructions if the measured value exceeds 63 Pa (130 dB in relation to 20 μPa).
3. The A-weighted sound power level, LWA. This quantity represents the airborne sound energy
radiated by the machine in space and thus characterises the machine as a noise source. It is
the most important noise emission quantity and is independent of the environment in which
the machine is placed.
Since the measurement of the LWA may be complex, this value only has to be measured and
stated in the instructions if the LpA at any of the workstations exceeds 80 dB(A).
Further guidance on noise emissions can be found in harmonised standards applicable to the lifting
equipment or through reference to Directive 2006/42/EC section 1.7.4.2 (u).
2.22 The technical characteristics of the lifting machine.

The instructions should identify all the technical characteristics of the lifting machine, in particular;
- The maximum working load and, where appropriate, a copy of the load plate or load table.
- The reactions at the supports or anchors and, where appropriate characteristics of the tracks.
- Where appropriate, the definition and the means of installation of the ballast.
2.23 Contents of the log book, if the latter is not supplied with the machinery.
Note that there is no obligation for the manufacturer to supply such a log book. However, supplying a
log book in which the preventative maintenance operations to be carried out by the user and their
periodicity are indicated can be recommended as a practical way of providing the maintenance
instructions, refer to 2.18.
Even if the manufacturer of the lifting machinery does not provide a log book, they are required to
provide advice as to its content.
2.24 Advice for use, particularly to offset the lack of direct vision of the load by the operator.
This section recognises that despite measures taken by the manufacturer to prevent collisions, the
operator may nevertheless have inadequate visibility of the load in certain operating conditions, for
example, due to obstacles in the operating zone. The manufacturer must therefore provide guidance to
the user on measures that can be taken to compensate for such a lack of visibility.
2.25 Where appropriate, a test report detailing the static and dynamic tests to be carried out
by the manufacturer.
This refers to the measures taken by the manufacturer to check the fitness for purpose of the lifting
machinery.
It refers to the static and dynamic tests that are required for all lifting machinery. The relevant test
reports must be included in the instructions. This is done to provide the user with the proof that the
necessary test have been done.
2.26 For machinery which is not assembled on the premises of the manufacturer in the form
in which it is to be used, the necessary instructions for checking the fitness for purpose of
the lifting machinery.
This is relevant when machinery is not assembled in the manufacturer’s premises and its fitness for
purpose must therefore be checked by or on behalf of the manufacturer at the place of use. In this case
the instructions for carrying out the necessary measures must be included in the manufacturer’s
instructions to allow the necessary measures to be carried out at the place of use. It should be noted

that this requirement does not imply that the manufactures obligation to ensure that the fitness for
purpose of the machinery is checked before the machinery is first put into service can be transferred to
the user.
2.27 The intended use.

This information would be specific to the limits on the conditions of use taken into account in the
manufacturers risk assessment and in the design and constructions of the accessory.
For example you could specify limits on operating temperatures or use in acids or strong alkalis.
2.28 The limits of use (particularly for lifting accessories such as magnetic or vacuum pads
which do not fully comply with the requirement that holding devices be designed and
constructed in such a way that inadvertent dropping of loads is avoided).
This relates to accessories such as, for example, magnetic or pneumatic lifters, for which certain
requirements, such as the requirement for holding devices to be designed in such a way that inadvertent
dropping of loads is avoided, cannot always be fully satisfied. The manufacturer must specify these
cases and inform the user that the load holding devices concerned must not be used above areas where
people are liable to be present.
2.29 Instructions for assembly, use and maintenance.

This section must specify the particulars crucial to use and associated with fitting the accessory to the
lifting appliance and or the load. For example it may state the size of the hook to which a master link of
a sling should be used with or the maximum diameter that can be fitted to end terminations.
The instructions for putting into service shall indicate all of the necessary checks or inspections that
need to be carried out to ensure the equipment is in good working condition before first use.
This section must also indicate whether specific training is required to use the equipment correctly. The
2.30 The static test coefficient used.

This refers to the measures taken by the manufacturer to check the fitness for purpose of the lifting
machinery.
It refers to the static tests that are required for the lifting accessory. The relevant test reports must be
included in the instructions. This is done to provide the user with the proof that the necessary test have
been done.
3.0 Further guidance.

The proceeding information outlines the minimum information required by the Supply of Machinery
(Safety) Regulations 2008 for general purpose lifting equipment. The author of the instructions would
be wise to consult the relevant harmonised standard for their specific product for further guidance.

Guidance to the
manufacturer of
beam clamps to
the development
of Instructions for
Use
Document Reference LEEA 062-9

Guidance to the Manufacturer of beam clamps to the Development of
Instructions for Use
Document reference LEEA 062-9 dated 27th January 2017
Published by the
3 Ramsay Court
Huntingdon PE29 6FY
United Kingdom
Tel: + 44 (0) 1480 432801 Fax: + 44 (0) 1480 436314
E-mail: mail@leeaint.com Website: www.leeaint.com
Version 1 January 2017

Contents
1.0 Introduction Page 1
2.0 Contents of the Instructions for Use Page 1
2.1 Business name and full address of the manufacturer Page 1
2.2 The designation of the beam clamp as marked on

the clamp itself, except for the serial number. Page 2
2.3 The EC Declaration of Conformity or the Contents of the

EC Declaration of Conformity, showing the particulars of
the beam clamp, without the serial number and
signatures Page 2
2.4 A general description of the beam clamp Page 2
2.5 Drawings, diagrams, descriptions and explanations

necessary for the use, maintenance and repair of the
beam clamp. Page 2
2.6 A description of the intended use of the beam clamp Page 2
2.7 Limits of use Page 3
2.8 Instructions for first use of the beam clamp Page 3
2.9 Instructions regarding the need for training Page 3
2.10 Information regarding residual risk that may remain despite

inherent safe design. Page 3
2.11 Instructions on the protective measures to be taken by the

user, for example PPE. Page 3
2.12 Instructions with a view to ensuring that transportation

handling and storage operations can be done safely, given
the mass of the beam clamp and of its various parts
when these are regularly transported separately. Page 3
2.13 A description of the maintenance operations that should be

carried out by the user and the preventative maintenance
operations that should be observed. Page 3
2.14 The specifications of the spare parts that should be used

when these affect the health and safety of operators Page 4
3.0 Further guidance Page 4

Document reference: LEEA 062-9, version 1, dated 27th Jan 2017
1.0 Introduction
It is a LEEA Technical requirement, based upon the Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC, that adequate
instructions are supplied with all beam clamps intended for use in lifting operations. These instructions
must be in the official community language or languages of the member state in which the beam clamp
is to be placed on the market and put into service.
The contents of the instructions must cover not only the intended use of the beam clamp, but also take
into account any reasonable foreseeable misuse.
Where it is intended for use by suitably trained users, the wording and layout of the instructions for use
must take into account the level of general education and acumen that can reasonably be expected
from such users.
The following information is given as guidance to the manufacturer of beam clamps to enable them to
develop adequate instructions for use.

Each instruction manual must contain at least the following generic information, however, additional
information may be required for custom-made beam clamps or additional fitted devices. For further
guidance refer to ‘LEEA 062 General Guidance to the manufacturer of lifting equipment to the
development of instructions for use’.
1. Business name and full address of the manufacturer

2. The designation of the beam clamp as marked on the clamp itself, except for the serial number.
particulars of the beam clamp, without the serial number and signatures.
4. A general description of the beam clamp.
5. Drawings, diagrams, descriptions and explanations necessary for the use, maintenance and repair
of the beam clamps.
6. A description of the intended use of the beam clamp.
7. Limits of use.
8. Instructions for first use of the beam clamp
9. Instructions regarding the need for training users.
10. Information regarding residual risks that may remain despite inherent safe design.
11. Instructions on the protective measures to be taken by the user, for example PPE.
made safely, given the mass of the beam clamp and of its various parts when these are regularly
transported separately.
13. A description of the maintenance operations that should be carried out by the user and the
preventative maintenance measures that should be observed.
of the operators.
These are the minimum requirements for general purpose beam clamps and further instructions may
be required for special use beam clamps. Therefore, the author of instructions is advised that this list is
not to be taken as exhaustive and shall be read in conjunction with ‘LEEA 062 General Guidance to the
manufacturer of lifting equipment to the development of instructions for use’.
manufacturer of beam clamps to ensure that they are providing adequate instructions for use.

beam clamps a symbol unique to the manufacturer will be marked on the clamp, in this case this must
also be included, along with the full business name and address of the manufacturer, in the instructions
for use.
Page 1
2.2 The designation of the beam clamp as marked on the clamp itself, except for the serial
number.
The designation of the beam clamp is the name or code number given by the manufacturer to the model
of the clamp concerned. Where a model of beam clamp has several variants, it must be made clear to
the user which specific parts of the instructions apply to each variant. Similarly, if the instructions cover
more than one model or type, for example, if they cover several models or types of beam clamp
belonging to the same series, it must be made clear to the user which specific parts of the instructions
apply to each model or type.

showing the particulars of the beam clamp, without the serial number and signatures.

2.4 A general description of the beam clamp.

The purpose of this description is aimed at enabling the user to identify the main parts of the beam
clamp and their functions.
repair of the beam clamp and for checking its correct functioning.
For beam clamps, typical examples of diagrams that may be used include those depicting correct fitting
and correct loading. For example, refer to figure 1 below or section 9 of the LEEA Code of Practice for
the Safe Use of Lifting Equipment (COPSULE).
Figure 1: Showing the line of force that can be applied to the beam clamp in relation to the beam it is
fitted to.
2.6 A description of the intended use of the beam clamp

The description must state that the beam clamp is intended for general lifting purposes or the precise
indication of the purpose for which it is intended.
The description should also take into account foreseeable misuse of the beam clamp. To avoid such
misuse it is helpful to indicate to the user the usual reasons for such misuse and to explain the
consequences. The warnings against foreseeable misuse of the beam clamp must take into account of
feedback from users and information about accidents or incidents involving similar equipment.
Page 2
The description of intended use could be supplemented with diagrams, see figure 1, and should include
such things as;
- Correct fitting to the lifting appliance;

- Clamping ranges to be observed;
- Clamp is of the correct profile and size, or correctly adjusted, for the beam width and that it
seats correctly on the beam flange;
- Etc.
2.7 Limits of Use

This information would be specific to the limits on the conditions of use taking into account the
manufacturers risk assessment and the design and constructions of the beam clamp. For example, you
could specify limitations on beam section compatibility.
2.8 Instructions for first use of the beam clamp.

need to be carried out to ensure the beam clamp is in good working condition before first use.
This section must also indicate whether specific training is required to use the beam clamp correctly.
See section 2.9 for further details.
2.9 Instructions regarding the need for training users.

The manufacturer is not expected to provide a full training program or training manual in the instructions.
However, the instructions may indicate important aspects to be covered by the operator training in order
For beam clamps, LEEA would recommend the following statement, ‘beam clamps should only be used
by trained operatives who understand the methods of operation and limitations of the lifting appliance
or lifting accessories to be used in conjunction.’
2.10 Information regarding residual risks that may remain despite inherent safe design.
For example, never use beam clamps on damaged or distorted beams. Or, never attempt force or
wedge hooks of lifting appliances into the attachment eye or fitting (e.g. shackle).
2.11 Instructions on the protective measures to be taken by the user, for example PPE.
With regards to beam clamps this section would cover the required PPE, such as any deemed
necessary for handling or operating the beam clamp.
2.12 Instructions with a view to ensuring that lifting, transportation, handling and storage
operations can be made safely, given the weight of the beam clamp.
Instructions for safe lifting, transport, handling and storage operations of the beam clamp and of any parts
that are to be transported, handled or stored separately shall include, as appropriate:
- Instructions for the safe handling of then beam clamp and where applicable separate parts.
- Instructions with regards to the total mass of the beam clamp, and where applicable separate parts,
for transportation and or fitting to a lifting appliance
- Instructions for safe storage to prevent damage and degradation to the beam clamp, and where
applicable separate parts, or injury to persons.
2.13 A description of the maintenance operations that should be carried out by the user and the
user.
Page 3
indicate their frequency. The instructions should list those parts of the beam clamp that must be checked
regularly in order to detect defects in accordance with the specified rejection criteria periodicity of these
checks and the nature of the necessary inspections or tests.
The regular checks should include requirements for preventative maintenance, such as lubricating
moving parts.
2.14 The specifications of the spare parts that should be used, when these affect the health and
safety of the operators.
In general the supply of spare parts is not covered by Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC and therefore a
matter for contractual agreement between the manufacturer and the user. However, where parts subject
to wear and tear need to be replaced in order to protect the health and safety of users, the specifications
of the appropriate spare parts must be given in the instructions.

The proceeding information outlines the minimum information required by the Machinery Directive
2006/42/EC and section 6 of the Health and Safety at Work Etc. Act 1974. Reference to applicable
harmonised standards would also be beneficial, where appropriate.
Sample documents have also been included in Appendix 1. Please note that these are guides only and
may not cover every conceivable scenario. Therefore, is vital that you fully assess your product to
ensure that you have covered every aspect.
Page 4
Appendix 1
Instructions for the safe use of: Beam Clamps
The information in this leaflet should be passed to the user of the equipment
This document is issued in accordance with the requirements of
Section 6 of the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974,
Storing and Handling Beam Clamps
amended March 1988. It outlines the care and safe use of BEAM Never return damaged beam clamps to storage. They should be
CLAMPS and is based on Section 9 of the LEEA Code of dry, clean and protected from corrosion. Where necessary
fasteners should be reassembled immediately after removal
Practice for the Safe Use of Lifting Equipment*. It should be read from the beam.
in conjunction with the requirements for lifting appliances for
general purposes, given overleaf, which form an integral part of Beam clamps should not be dropped or thrown down.
these instructions.
This information is of a general nature only covering the main
points for the safe use of beam clamps intended for use as Using Beam Clamps Safely
suspension points for lifting appliances. It may be necessary to The safe use of beam clamps will largely be governed by the
supplement this information for specific applications. requirements for the lifting appliance with which it is to be used
but should take the following matters into account:
ALWAYS: Do not use defective beam clamps, lifting appliances or
accessories.
 Store and handle beam clamps correctly. Ensure the structure from which the clamp is to be suspended
 Inspect beam clamps and accessories before use and before is undamaged and is adequate for the full load that will be
placing into storage. imposed. If any doubt exists consult a Competent Person to
 Ensure the supporting structure is adequate for the full load confirm suitability.
that will be imposed and suitable for the application. Ensure the clamp is suitable for the application, correct size and
 Check the clamp is of the correct profile and size, or correctly profile for the beam and seats correctly. It must not cause
adjusted, for the beam width and that it seats correctly on the localised overloading.
beam flange. Ensure the lifting appliance is compatible with the clamp and
 Ensure the beam clamp is strong enough for the full load that that hooks or other attachments fit freely into the eye, shackle
will be imposed. etc of the clamp.
 Check that the clamp is directly over the centre of gravity of The clamp must be positioned directly over the centre of gravity
the load. of the load and the load must not be allowed to swing or impose
an oblique loading.
NEVER: If two clamps are to be used in tandem the use of ancillary
 Use beam clamps which are unidentified or uncertified for equipment may also be necessary, eg spreader beam. Care
lifting applications. must be taken to ensure no one clamp takes more than its SWL.
 Never replace bolts, shackles etc without consulting the
supplier.
 Throw or drop beam clamps. In-service Inspection and Maintenance
 Use beam clamps on damaged or distorted beams. Beam clamps should be cleaned and any moving parts
lubricated at appropriate intervals unless the suppliers specific
 Force or wedge hooks of lifting appliances into the attachment instructions indicate otherwise.
eye or fitting (eg shackle). Regularly inspect the beam clamp, in the event of the following
 Obliquely load beam clamps without the authority of the defects refer the clamp to a Competent Person for thorough
supplier. examination: wear, damage or distortion, cracks, insecure bolts
SAMPLE
etc, corrosion, illegible markings.
Selecting the Correct Beam Clamp © Lifting Equipment Engineers Association 2017
Beam clamps are available in a range of capacities and designs.
They may be adjustable or of fixed size, have scissor action, Further information is given in:
screw locking or bolt clamp fixing and be suitable for temporary
or permanent applications. Select the beam clamp to be used The Code of Practice for the Safe Use of Lifting Equipment,
and plan the lift taking the following into account: published by:
Type of clamp - adjustable/non-adjustable - scissor, screw or LIFTING EQUIPMENT ENGINEERS ASSOCIATION
bolt action. 3 Ramsay Court,
Capacity and beam size or range of beam sizes. Hinchingbrooke business Park, Huntingdon,
Suitability of the beam. Cambridgeshire. PE29 6FY.United Kingdom
Tel: + 44 (0) 1480 432801
Type of lifting appliance to be used. Fax: + 44 (0) 1480 436314
If the application is permanent or temporary. E-mail: mail@leeaint.com
Website: www.leeaint.com
NOTE: Beam clamps are generally intended for attachment to
overhead beams to act as suspension points for lifting
appliances. Some designs are suitable for attachment to the
load to provide a lifting point. The supplier should be consulted
for such applications which are excluded from these instructions
Page 1
After erection ensure that the chain/wire rope hangs freely and is not
LIFTING APPLIANCES FOR GENERAL twisted or knotted.
PURPOSES With power operated blocks the supply should be connected by a
suitably Qualified Person taking account of any statutory or technical
(MANUAL AND POWER OPERATED BLOCKS) requirements (eg Electricity at Work Regulations, Pressure Systems
The following information is based on Section 1 - Appendix 1.6 of the and Transportable Gas Containers Regulations).
Code of Practice for the Safe Use of Lifting Equipment* and should be
read in conjunction with the instructions for safe use, given overleaf, of
which it forms an integral part and with any specific instructions issued Test run to ensure the free and correct movement of the chain/rope.
by the supplier. Check the operation of the brake. Check direction of control command,
position and operation of travel limits and safety devices.
This information is of a general nature only covering the main points for
the safe use of manual and power operated blocks. Safe Use of Blocks
The basic objectives of any lifting operation are to move the load to the
desired location and land it safely, efficiently and without damage to the
ALWAYS: load, the equipment used or the surrounding buildings, plant etc. In
 Ensure suspension points and anchorages are adequate for the full addition to any specific instructions relating to the block the following
imposed load. general points must be observed:
 Check the load chain/wire rope is hanging freely and is not twisted or o Never attempt lifting operations unless you have been trained in the
knotted. use of the equipment and slinging procedures.
 Position the hook over the centre of gravity of the load. o Position the hook directly over the centre of gravity so that the line of
pull is vertical.
 Check the operation of the brake before making the lift.
o Do not use the chain/wire rope to sling the load, ie do not wrap it round
 Ensure the slings are secure and load is free to be lifted.
the load, back hook or choke hitch.
 Check the travel path is clear.
o Do not lift on the point of the hook or overcrowd the hook with fittings.
 Ensure the landing area is properly prepared. o Never lift/lower more than the marked SWL. In the case of manual
equipment if abnormally high effort is required, and with power
SAMPLE
operated appliances they fail to lift the load, or if the load slips this is
NEVER: an indication of too high a load or a fault - check the load and the
 Exceed the marked SWL. appliance.
o Avoid unnecessary inching of power operated appliances and do not
 Use the load chain/wire rope as a sling.
impose sudden or shock loads.
 Shock load the block or other equipment.
o Push rather than pull loads suspended from appliances with push/pull
 Lift on the point of the hook. trolleys and if un-laden pull on the bottom hook. Never pull an
 Overcrowd the hook with fittings. appliance by the pendant control, supply cable or hose.
 Permit the load to swing out of control. o Avoid sudden movement of travel motion or undue effort in pushing
the load which can cause the load to swing.
 Leave suspended loads unattended.
o Avoid excessive or intentional use of motion limits unless they are
additional limits intended for that purpose. Avoid running appliances
against end stops.
Types of blocks
o Do not allow anyone to pass under or ride upon the load. Never leave
A wide range of manual and power operated blocks is available. suspended loads unattended unless in an emergency then ensure the
This section of the leaflet is concerned with matters which are area is cordoned off and kept clear.
common to the safe use of the following listed equipment when
used to lift in a vertical plane only. o Do not remove guards, protective covers, weather proof covers, heat
shields etc without the authority of a Competent Person
Pulley blocks for fibre or wire rope used with winches, hand o Never use damaged or contaminated slings.
chain blocks, chain lever hoists, power operated wire rope
blocks and power operated chain blocks. The use of trolleys is o On completion of the lift return all equipment to proper storage.
often associated with blocks and these may be built in with the
trolley as an integral part of the appliance, or independent with In-Service Inspection and Maintenance
the block hung on. The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 and the
Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998 both require
Operative Training that lifting equipment properly maintained. This is an ongoing duty that
Lifting appliances should only be used by trained operatives** falls on the user and a planned routine maintenance programme will be
who understand their use and that of the associated equipment necessary.
used in the lift. In addition to the statutory thorough examinations by a Competent
Person, regular in-service inspections should be made to find any faults
Installation and Commissioning and damage that might arise. If any are found they should be referred
The erection procedure will vary with the equipment and should be to the Competent Person.
carried out in accordance with the suppliers instructions paying attention The maintenance programme must meet the requirements of the
to the following matters:
manufacturers instructions and any special requirements due to the
Prior to installation inspect the equipment to ensure no damage has conditions of service. This may be combined with maintenance of other
occurred in store or transit. equipment used in association with the appliance, eg power feed
Ensure the support structure is adequate for the full loads that will system. Check the block and its associated equipment daily for obvious
imposed, is tested and marked with the SWL. faults and signs of damage.
When erecting trolleys ensure they are correctly set for the beam width Further information is given in:
and that the track is fitted with end stops and remains level at all loads *LEEA Code of Practice for the Safe Use of Lifting Equipment
up to the maximum. **HSE Guidance Note GS39 - Training of Crane Drivers and Slingers -
When suspending appliances by a top hook ensure the support fits SI MPB 1.1 (2000)
freely into the seat of the hook.
Page 2
Guidance to the
manufacturer of
chain slings to
the development
of Instructions for
Use

Guidance to the Development of Chain Sling Instructions for Use
Document reference LEEA 062-14, version 1, dated 7th January 2016
Published by the
Huntingdon PE29 6FN
United Kingdom
Tel: + 44 (0) 1480 432801 Fax: + 44 (0) 1480 436314
E-mail: mail@leea.co.uk Website: www.leeaint.com
CONTENTS
2.0 Contents for the instructions for use Page 1
2.2 The EC Declaration of Conformity or the contents of the

the sling, without the serial number and signatures. Page 1

necessary for use, maintenance and repair of the chain
sling. Page 1
2.4 A description of the intended use of the chain sling Page 2
2.5 Limits of Use Page 3
2.6 Instructions for first use of the chain sling Page 3
2.7 Instructions for training operators Page 3
2.8 Information regarding residual risks that may remain

despite inherent safe design. Page 3
2.9 Information on the protective measures to be taken by

the user, for example PPE. Page 3
2.10 The conditions in which the sling meets the requirements

for stability during use. Page 3
2.11 Instructions with a view to ensuring that transportation,

handling and storage operations can be made safely,
given the mass of the chain sling. Page 4
2.12 A description of the maintenance operations that should

be carried out safely, including protective measures that
should be carried out by the user and the preventative
maintenance measures that should be observed. Page 4
2.13 The specifications of the spare parts that should be used,

when these affect the health and safety of the operators. Page 4
3.0 Further Guidance Page 4

1.0 Introduction
instructions are supplied with all chain slings. These instructions must be in the official community
language or languages of the member state in which the chain sling is to be placed on the market and
put into service.
The contents of the instructions must cover not only the intended use of the chain sling but also take
into account any reasonable foreseeable misuse.
from such users.
The following information is given as guidance to the manufacturer of chain slings to enable them to
develop adequate instructions for use. The manufacturer may refer to or use the system manufacturer’s
instructions for use.

Each instruction manual must contain at least the following generic information, however additional
information may be required for custom-made slings or additional fitted devices.

particulars of the sling, without the serial number and signatures.
of the chain sling.
4. A description of the intended use of the chain sling.
5. Limits of use.
6. Instructions for first use of the chain sling
10. The conditions in which the sling meets the requirements for stability during use.
made safely, given the weight of the chain sling.
of the operators.
These are the minimum requirements for general purpose chain slings and further instructions may be
required for special use slings. Therefore the author of instructions is advised that this list is not to be
taken as exhaustive.
manufacturer of chain slings to ensure that they are providing adequate instructions for use.

This must be the same information that is written on the EC Declaration of Conformity and, if a symbol
is used on the tag, instead of the full details, then this must also be included for clarity.

showing the particulars of the sling, without the serial number and signatures.
Like the instructions, the EC Declaration must accompany the chain sling.
repair of the chain sling.
slings. Clear and simple drawings, diagrams, graphs and tables are usually preferable to long written
Page 1
explanations. However, necessary explanations must be placed adjacent to the illustrations to which
they refer.
For chain slings it is advised that the diagrams show the correct way to sling and the associated mode
factors associated with the sling type. You could also show diagrams showing the correct and incorrect
method slinging. For example refer to figure 1 below:
Figure 1: Choke hitched single leg sling, mode factor 0.8 x WLL marked on the sling. Note do not force,
hammer or wedge chain slings or their fittings into position.
Tables and graphs should be clear and concise in terms of the load rating factors for the intended use.
For example refer table 1.
Mode Factors
Maximum Load to be lifted = mode factor x SWL marked on the
sling
Single Single Single Single Endless

leg leg leg leg Choked
in line choked basket back
hooked
1 0.8 1.4 1 1
Table 1: Showing examples of different load ratings for chain slings
In terms of maintenance, recommendations should be made to the rejection and acceptance criteria.
Also for the repair of the equipment recommendations should be made as to the compatible spare parts
that are available.
2.4 A description of the intended use of the chain sling.

The description must state that the chain sling is intended for general lifting purposes or the precise
The description of the intended use must cover all the different slinging techniques and specify the
working load limit associated with each.
Page 2
The description should also take into account foreseeable misuse of the sling. To avoid such misuse it
is helpful to indicate to the user the usual reasons for such misuse and to explain the consequences.
The warnings against foreseeable misuse of the sling must take into account of feedback from users
and information about accidents or incidents involving similar equipment.
above.
2.5 Limits of use.

This information would be specific to the limits on the conditions of use taking into account in the
manufacturers risk assessment and in the design and constructions of the chain sling.
For example you could specify limits on operating temperatures or use in acids or strong alkalis.
2.6 Instructions for first use of the chain sling

need to be carried out to ensure the sling is in good working condition before first use.
This section must also indicate whether specific training is required to use the sling correctly. The
For chain slings LEEA would recommend the following statement, ‘slings should only be used by trained
operatives who understand the methods of rating and application of mode factors.’
2.7 Instructions for training operators.

This section must also indicate whether specific training is required to use the chain sling correctly. The
For chain slings LEEA would recommend the following statement, ‘chain slings should only be used by
trained operatives who understand the methods of rating and application of mode factors.’
For example when using one leg of a multi-leg sling to back hook free legs to the master link to prevent
snagging. Or keep fingers, toes, etc. clear when tensioning slings when landing loads. Another example
may be to advise that slings should never be twisted, knotted or tied. These are all things that cannot
be designed out, but if done will have an effect on the safe use of the equipment and therefore the
operator should be advised.
2.9 Information on the protective measures to be taken by the user, for example PPE.
With regards to chain slings this section would cover the required PPE, such as those required for
handling the chain.
2.10 The conditions in which the sling meets the requirements for stability during use.
Where the design and construction of the sling ensures the stability of the sling under certain defined
conditions, these must be specified in the instructions.
In many cases a simple statement such as, ‘ensure the load is balanced and will not tilt or fall’ will suffice
for chain slings.
Page 3
can be made safely, given the mass of the chain sling.
Instructions for safe transport, handling and storage of the chain sling and of parts that are to be
- Instructions for the safe manual handling of the chain sling or parts of the chain sling that are
to be moved by hand.
- Instructions with regards to the mass of the chain sling to be transported.
- Instructions for safe storage to prevent damage and degradation to the chain sling or injury to
persons.
2.12 A description of the maintenance operations that should be carried out safely, including
protective measures that should be carried out by the user and the preventative maintenance
measures that should be observed.
user.
indicate their frequency. The instructions should list those parts of the sling that must be checked
regularly in order to detect defects in accordance with the specified rejection criteria (see 2.3),
periodicity of these checks (in terms of number of cycles) and the nature of the necessary inspections
or tests. Criteria must be given for the replacement of rejected parts.

A sample document has also been included in Appendix 1. The variables associated with differing
grades of sling have been excluded and thus requiring the manufacturer to fill in these details. Please
note that this is a guide only and may not cover every conceivable scenario. Therefore is vital that you
fully assess your product to ensure that you have covered every aspect.
Page 4
APPENDIX 1
Business
Name and full
Instructions for the use of:
address of
the
Grade _ Chain Slings
Manufacturer The information in this leaflet must be passed to the user of the equipment, who
must be suitably trained in the use of this equipment.
This document is issued in accordance with the requirements of Section 6 of the Health and Safety at
Work etc Act 1974 and the Supply of Machinery (Safety) Regulations 2008. It provides instruction to
the user with regards to the care and safe use of general purpose Grade ___ CHAIN SLINGS to
______.
The information is based on Section 14 of the LEEA Code of Practice for the Safe Use of Lifting
Equipment. It should be read in conjunction with the requirements for general purpose slinging
practice, given overleaf, which form an integral part of these instructions.
This information is applicable to grade _ chain slings only
Always Never
 Ensure the operator is properly trained to use chain slings.
 Attempt to shorten a sling leg other than by means of an integral
 Store and handle chain slings correctly. chain clutch.
 Inspect chain slings and accessories before use and before  Force, hammer or wedge chain slings or their fittings into position.
placing into storage.
 Lift on the point of a hook.
 Follow safe slinging practices, as given overleaf.
 Expose chain slings to chemicals, particularly acidic or strong
 Fit slings carefully, protect them from sharp edges and position alkalis conditions, without consulting the supplier.
hooks to face outward from the load.
 Use chain slings at temperatures above ____ or below minus ____
 Apply the correct mode factor for the slinging arrangement. without consulting the supplier.
 Back hook free legs onto the master link.  Shock load chain slings
Selecting the Correct Sling

Chain slings are available in a range of material grades, sizes and assemblies. Select the slings to be
used and plan the lift taking the following into account:
- Type of sling to be used - endless, single, two, three or four leg.
- Capacity - the sling must be both long enough and strong enough for the load and the slinging
method.
- Apply the mode factor for the slinging method.
- If adjustment of the leg length is necessary select a sling with chain shortening clutches.
- For use at temperatures exceeding _____ or below minus _____ refer to the suppliers
instructions.
- Where slings may come into contact with chemicals, particularly acids or acidic fumes, consult
the supplier.
- In the case of multi-leg slings the angle between the legs should not be less than ____ or
exceed the maximum marked.
- Multi-leg slings exert a gripping force on the load which increases as the angle between the
legs increases and this must be taken into account.
Storing and Handling Chain Slings

When manually handling chain slings always wear gloves and protective footwear. It is recommended
that heavy chain slings are moved by means of a handling aid, such as a fork lift truck.
Page 1
Never return damaged or contaminated slings to storage. They should be dry, clean and protected from
corrosion.
Store chain slings on a rack and not lying on the ground. The storage area should be dry, clean and
free of any contaminates which may harm the sling.
Do not alter, modify or repair a chain sling but refer such matters to a Competent Person.
Never galvanise or subject a chain sling to any other plating process without the express approval of
the supplier.
Using Chain Slings Safely

Do not attempt lifting operations unless you understand the use of the equipment, the slinging
procedures and the mode factors to be applied.
Do not use defective slings or accessories.
Do not force, hammer or wedge chain slings or fittings into position; they must fit freely. Check the
correct engagement of fittings and appliances.
Position hooks of multi-leg slings facing outward from the load. Do not lift on the point of the hook and
ensure that the chain is not twisted or knotted.
Back hook free legs to the master link to avoid lashing legs which might accidentally become engaged
or otherwise become a hazard.
Take the load steadily and avoid shock loads.
Do not leave suspended loads unattended. In an emergency cordon off the area.
In-service Inspection and Maintenance

Maintenance requirements are minimal. Keep chain slings clean and protect from corrosion.
Regularly inspect chain slings, particularly before putting into service and before each use, and, in the
event of the following defects, refer the sling to a Competent Person for thorough examination: illegible
markings; distortion of fittings; worn, stretched, bent or twisted links; ineffective safety catches; cuts,
nicks, gouges, cracks, corrosion, heat discolouration or any other defect apparent to the chain or fittings.
Only repair chain slings with ______________ approved components.
GENERAL PURPOSE SLINGING PRACTICE

The following information is based on Section 1 - Appendix 1.5 of the LEEA Code of Practice for the
Safe Use of Lifting Equipment. It should be read in conjunction with the instructions for the safe use,
given overleaf, of which it forms an integral part and with any specific instructions issued by the
supplier.
Always Never
 Plan the lift, establish the weight of the load and prepare
the landing area ensuring that it will take the weight.  Use damaged slings or accessories.
 Check slings and equipment are free of damage, use  Twist, knot or tie slings.
slings/slinging methods suitable for the load and protect  Hammer slings into position.
slings from sharp edges and corners.
 Overload slings due to the weight of the load or the mode
 Attach the sling securely to the load and appliance and of use.
position hooks to face outwards.
 Trap slings when landing the load.
 Ensure the load is balanced and will not tilt or fall.
 Drag slings over floors etc or attempt to pull trapped slings
 Keep fingers, toes etc. clear when tensioning slings and from under loads.
when landing loads.
 Allow personnel to ride on loads.
 Ensure that the load is free to be lifted.
 Make a trial lift and trial lower.
Page 2
Sling Configurations and Rating

Slings are available in single, two, three and four leg or endless form. In practice it will be found that
chain are available in any of these configurations. The maximum load that a sling may lift in use will
be governed by the slinging arrangement (mode of use) and may vary from the marked SWL, refer to
table 1 below. It is necessary to multiply the marked SWL by a mode factor relevant to sling
arrangement, see table 1.
Mode Factors
Maximum Load to be lifted = mode factor x
SWL marked on the sling
Single Single Single Single Endl
leg leg leg leg ess
in line choke basket back Cho
d hooke ked
d
1 0.8 1.4 1 1
Table 1: Mode factors to be applied to different slinging arrangements
The following three simple rules will ensure that the sling is not overloaded. In some cases this will
mean that the sling will be underutilised although this is unlikely to hinder the user unduly. Where the
maximum utilisation is required reference should be made to a Competent Person who understands
the factors involved and who can perform the necessary calculations.
(1) For straight lift never exceed the marked SWL and in the case of multi-leg slings the specified angle
or range of angles.
(2) When using slings in choke hitch multiply the marked SWL by 0.8 to obtain the reduced maximum
load the sling may lift i.e. reduce the safe working load by 20%.
(3) With multi-leg slings, when using less than the full number of legs, reduce the maximum load in
proportion to the number of legs in use. Simply multiply the marked SWL by the number of legs in
use expressed as a fraction of the total thus: one leg of a two leg sling = ½ marked SWL, three legs
of a four leg sling = ¾ marked SWL and so on.
Operative Training
Slings should only be used by trained operatives who understand the methods of rating and
application of mode factors.
Safe use of Slings

o Good slinging practice must ensure that the load is as safe and secure in the air as it was on the
ground and that no harm is done to the load, lifting equipment, other property or persons.
o Establish the weight of the load, ensure the lifting method is suitable and inspect the sling and
attachments for obvious defects. Prepare the landing area making sure the floor is strong enough to
take the load. Follow any specific instructions from the supplier.
o Ensure the lifting point is over the centre of gravity. Any loose parts of the load should be removed or
secured. Secure the sling firmly to the load by hooks onto lifting points or shackles etc. The sling must
not be twisted, knotted or kinked in any way.
o Use packing to prevent damage to the sling from corners or edges and to protect the load.
Page 3
o Do not exceed the SWL or rated angle. Any choke angle must not exceed 60 and any basket 45
from the vertical.
o Do not hammer, force or wedge slings or accessories into position; they must fit freely.
o When attaching more than one sling to the hook of the appliance use a shackle to join the slings and
avoid overcrowding the hook.
o Use an established code of signals to instruct the crane driver.
o Ensure the load is free to be lifted and not, for example, bolted down.
o Check that there are no overhead obstacles such as power lines.
o Keep fingers, toes etc. clear ensuring they do not become trapped when lifting, lowering or controlling
loads.
o Make a trial lift by raising the load a little to ensure it is balanced, stable and secure and if not lower
it and adjust the slinging arrangement.
o Where appropriate use tag lines to control the load.
o Except where special provision is made, do not allow anyone to pass under or ride upon the load.
The area should be kept clear.
o Make a trial set down, ensure the sling will not become trapped and the load will not tip when the
slings are released. Use supports which are strong enough to sustain the load without crushing.
o Never drag slings over floors etc. or attempt to drag a trapped sling from under a load.
o Never use a sling to drag a load.
o Place the hooks of free legs back onto the master link and take care to ensure that empty hooks do
not become accidentally engaged.
o Never use slings in contact with chemicals or heat without the manufacturer’s approval.
o Never use damaged or contaminated slings.
o On completion of the lift return all equipment to proper storage.
Page 4
Guidance to the
manufacturer of
wire rope slings
to the
development of
Instructions for
Use

Guidance to the Development of Wire Rope Sling Instructions for Use
Document reference LEEA 062-15, version 1, dated 26th April 2016
Published by the
Huntingdon PE29 6FN
United Kingdom
Tel: + 44 (0) 1480 432801 Fax: + 44 (0) 1480 436314
CONTENTS
2.0 Contents for the instructions for use Page 1
2.2 The EC Declaration of Conformity or the contents of the

the sling, without the serial number and signatures. Page 1
2.3 A general description of the wire rope sling Page 2

necessary for assembly, use, maintenance and repair
of the wire rope sling. Page 2
2.5 A description of the intended use of the wire rope sling Page 3
2.6 Limits of Use Page 3
2.7 Instructions for first use and for training of operators of

wire rope slings. Page 3
2.8 Information regarding residual risks that may remain

despite inherent safe design. Page 4
2.9 Information on the protective measures to be taken by

the user, for example PPE. Page 4
2.10 The conditions in which the sling meets the requirements

for stability during use. Page 4
2.11 Instructions with a view to ensuring that transportation,

handling and storage operations can be made safely,
given the mass of the wire rope sling. Page 4
2.12 A description of the maintenance operations that should

be carried out safely, including protective measures that
should be carried out by the user and the preventative
maintenance measures that should be observed. Page 4
2.13 The specifications of the spare parts that should be used,

when these affect the health and safety of the operators. Page 4
2.14 The static test coefficient used Page 4

Document reference: LEEA 062-15, version 1, dated 26/04/2016
1.0 Introduction
instructions are supplied with all wire rope slings. These instructions must be in the official community
language or languages of the member state in which the wire rope sling is to be placed on the market
and put into service.
The contents of the instructions must cover not only the intended use of the wire rope sling but also
take into account any reasonable foreseeable misuse.
from such users.
The following information is given as guidance to the manufacturer of wire rope slings to enable them
to develop adequate instructions for use. The manufacturer may also refer to or use the system or
component manufacturer’s instructions for use.

Each instruction manual must contain at least the following generic information; however additional
information may be required for custom-made slings or additional fitted devices;

particulars of the sling, without the serial number and signatures.
3. A general description of the wire rope sling.
4. Drawings, diagrams, descriptions and explanations necessary for the assembly, use, maintenance
and repair of the wire rope sling.
5. A description of the intended use of the wire rope sling.
6. Limits of use.
7. Instructions for first use of the wire rope sling and Instructions regarding the need for training users.
10. The conditions in which the sling meets the requirements for stability during use.
made safely, given the weight of the wire rope sling.
of the operators.
14. The static test coefficient used.
These are the minimum requirements for general purpose wire rope slings and further instructions may
be required for special use slings. Therefore, the author of instructions is advised that this list is not to
be taken as exhaustive. It is also recommended that this list is read in conjunction with LEEA-062 A
general guidance to the manufacturer of lifting equipment to the development of instructions for use.
manufacturer of wire rope slings to ensure that they are providing adequate instructions for use.

This must be the same information that is written on the EC Declaration of Conformity and, if a symbol
is used on the tag instead of the full details, then this must also be included for clarity.

showing the particulars of the sling, without the serial number and signatures.
Like the instructions, the EC Declaration must accompany the wire rope sling. In order to fulfil this
obligation, the manufacturer can choose between the following alternatives:

appropriate in the case of one-off slings or slings produced in small numbers.
Page 1
Declaration of Conformity must be provided separately.
2.3 A general description of the wire rope sling.

The purpose of this description is aimed at enabling the user to identify the main parts of the equipment
and their functions.
In terms of wire rope slings the lifting accessory could be supplied in variety of forms. Therefore, LEEA
recommends that the EC Declaration is included with the instructions, as this should also contain a
detailed description of the equipment. Doing this will enable the manufacturer to develop generic, rather
than variant specific instructions for use for every conceivable configuration that they supply. Any items
not covered by the generic instructions would require their own.
2.4 Drawings, diagrams, descriptions and explanations necessary for assembly, use,
maintenance and repair of the wire rope sling.
This deals with the information and explanations necessary for assembly, safe use, maintenance and
repair of the slings. Clear and simple drawings, diagrams, graphs and tables are usually preferable to
long written explanations. However, necessary explanations must be placed adjacent to the illustrations
to which they refer.
For wire rope slings it is advised that the diagrams show the correct and incorrect ways to sling and any
limitations associated with a method of slinging. For example refer to figure 1 below:
Figure 1: Choke hitch showing the use of suitable packing to prolong the life of the rope. It also shows
the damage that can occur if the radius if too small.
Tables and graphs should be clear and concise in terms of the load rating factors for the intended use.
For example refer table 1.
Page 2
Mode Factors
Maximum Load to be lifted = mode factor x WLL marked on the sling

hooked
1 0.8 1.4 1 1
Table 1: Showing examples of different load ratings for wire rope slings, Note WLL in accordance with
EN 13414-1.
The descriptions or diagrams should indicate any information that is crucial in terms of fitting the lifting
accessory to the lifting appliance and or the load. For example, it may state the size of the hook to which
a master link of a sling should be used with, or the maximum diameter that can be fitted to end
terminations for example.
that are available.
2.5 A description of the intended use of the wire rope sling.

The description must state that either the wire rope sling is intended for general lifting purposes, or the
precise indication of the purpose for which it is intended.
The description of the intended use must cover all the different slinging techniques and specify the
working load limit associated with each.
The description should also take into account foreseeable misuse of the sling. To avoid such misuse it
is helpful to indicate to the user the usual reasons for such misuse and to explain the consequences.
The warnings against foreseeable misuse of the sling must take into account of feedback from users
above.
2.6 Limits of use.

manufacturers risk assessment and in the design and constructions of the wire rope sling.
For example, you could specify limits on operating temperatures or use in acids or strong alkalis.
2.7 Instructions for first use of the wire rope sling and Instructions for training operators.
need to be carried out to ensure the sling is in good working condition before first use.
This section must also indicate whether specific training is required to use the sling correctly. The
Page 3
For wire rope slings LEEA would recommend the following statement, ‘slings should only be used by
For example, when using one leg of a multi-leg sling to back hook free legs to the master link to prevent
snagging, or keep fingers, toes, etc. clear when tensioning slings when landing loads. Another example
may be to advise that slings should never be twisted, knotted or tied. These are all things that cannot
be designed out, but if done will have an effect on the safe use of the equipment and therefore the
operator should be advised.
2.9 Information on the protective measures to be taken by the user, for example PPE.
With regards to wire rope slings this section would cover the required PPE, such as those required for
handling the wire rope.
2.10 The conditions in which the sling meets the requirements for stability during use.
Where the design and construction of the sling ensures the stability of the sling under certain defined
conditions, these must be specified in the instructions.
In many cases a simple statement such as, ‘ensure the load is balanced and will not tilt or fall’ will suffice
for wire rope slings.
can be made safely, given the mass of the wire rope sling.
Instructions for safe transport, handling and storage of the wire rope sling and of parts that are to be
- Instructions for the safe manual handling of the wire rope sling or parts of the wire rope sling
that are to be moved by hand.
- Instructions with regards to the mass of the wire rope sling to be transported.
- Instructions for safe storage to prevent damage and degradation to the wire rope sling or injury
to persons.
2.12 A description of the maintenance operations that should be carried out safely, including
protective measures that should be carried out by the user and the preventative maintenance
measures that should be observed.
user.
indicate their frequency. The instructions should list those parts of the sling that must be checked
2.14 The static test coefficient

This refers to the measures taken by the manufacturer to check the fitness for purpose of the wire rope
sling. It refers to the static tests that are required for the lifting accessory. The relevant test reports must
Page 4
be included in the instructions. This is done to provide the user with the proof that the necessary tests
have been done.
It is recognised that some manufacturers are making slings with working load limits that include the
DNV2.7-1 design amplification factors (DAF). These DAF vary with capacity which makes the
production of generic instructions for use impractical. To resolve this problem, it is recommended that
the instructions contain a table of test coefficients for the range of capacities covered by the instructions,
such that the user can cross reference the sling capacity with the static test coefficient used without
ambiguity.

A sample document has also been included in Appendix 1. The variables associated with wire rope
slings have been excluded and thus requiring the manufacturer to fill in these details. Please note that
this is a guide only and may not adequately cover every conceivable scenario or every product type.
Therefore, is vital that you fully assess your product, using the preceding information, to ensure that
you have covered every aspect.
Page 5
APPENDIX 1
Business
Name and full
Instructions for the use of:
address of
the
Wire Rope Slings
Manufacturer The information in this leaflet must be passed to the user of the equipment, who
must be suitably trained in the use of this equipment.
This document is issued in accordance with the requirements of Section 6 of the Health and Safety at
Work etc Act 1974 and the Supply of Machinery (Safety) Regulations 2008. It provides instruction to
the user with regards to the care and safe use of general purpose wire rope slings.
The information is based on Section 15 of the LEEA Code of Practice for the Safe Use of Lifting
Equipment. It should be read in conjunction with the requirements for general purpose slinging
practice, given overleaf, which form an integral part of these instructions.
Always Never
 Ensure the operator is properly trained to use wire rope slings.
 Attempt to shorten, knot or tie wire rope slings
 Store and handle wire rope slings correctly.
 Force, hammer or wedge wire rope slings or their fittings into
 Inspect wire rope slings and accessories before use and before position.
placing into storage.
 Lift on the point of a hook.
 Follow safe slinging practices, as given overleaf.
 Expose wire rope slings to acidic conditions without consulting the
 Fit slings carefully, protect them from sharp edges and position supplier.
hooks to face outward from the load.
 Use wire rope slings at temperatures above _____°C or below
 Apply the correct mode factor for the slinging arrangement. minus ____°C without consulting the supplier.
 Back hook free legs onto the master link.  Shock load wire rope slings
Selecting the Correct Sling

Wire rope slings are available in a range of sizes and assemblies. Select the slings to be used and plan
the lift taking the following into account:
- Type of sling to be used - endless, single, two, three or four leg.
- Capacity - the sling must be both long enough and strong enough for the load and the slinging
method.
- Apply the mode factor for the slinging method.
- For use at temperatures exceeding ___°C or below minus ___°C refer to the supplier’s
instructions.
- Where slings may come into contact with chemicals, particularly acids or acidic fumes, consult
the supplier.
- In the case of multi-leg slings the angle between the legs should not be less than 30° to prevent
load imbalance or exceed the maximum marked.
- Multi-leg slings exert a gripping force on the load which increases as the angle between the
legs increases and this must be taken into account.
- Due to the possibility of sparking, the use of aluminium is restricted in certain classified
atmospheres, so ensure the ferrule is suitable for such conditions.
Storing and Handling Wire Rope Slings

When manually handling wire rope slings always wear gloves and protective footwear. It is
recommended that heavy wire rope slings are moved by means of a handling aid, such as a fork lift
truck.
Page 1
Never return damaged or contaminated slings to storage. They should be dry, clean and protected from
corrosion.
Store wire rope slings on a rack and not lying on the ground. The storage area should be dry, clean and
free of any contaminates which may harm the sling.
Do not alter, modify or repair a wire rope sling but refer such matters to a Competent Person.
Using Wire Rope Slings Safely

Do not attempt lifting operations unless you understand the use of the equipment, the slinging
procedures and the mode factors to be applied.
Do not use defective slings or accessories.
Do not force, hammer or wedge wire rope slings or fittings into position; they must fit freely. Check the
correct engagement of fittings and appliances.
Position hooks of multi-leg slings facing outward from the load. Do not lift on the point of the hook and
ensure that the wire is not twisted or knotted.
Ensure the effective diameter of pins, hooks, etc. upon which soft eyes fit is at least 2 x the wire rope
diameter.
Position the splices of endless slings in the standing part of the sling away from hooks and fittings.
Never join wire rope slings made of different lays of rope together as this will cause them to un-lay thus
seriously affecting their capacity.
Back hook free legs to the master link to avoid lashing legs which might accidentally become engaged
or otherwise become a hazard.
Take the load steadily and avoid shock loads.
Do not leave suspended loads unattended. In an emergency cordon off the area.

Maintenance requirements are minimal. Keep wire rope slings clean and protect from corrosion. use
non-acidic lubricants.
Regularly inspect wire rope slings, particularly before putting into service and before each use, and, in
the event of the following defects, refer the sling to a Competent Person for thorough examination:
illegible markings; distorted, worn or damaged fittings; broken or cut wires; kinks; protrusion or core;
corrosion; heat damage or discoloration; signs of movement at splices and ferrules; any other visible
defect to the wire rope, thimbles or fittings.
Only repair wire rope slings with ______________ approved components.
Page 2
GENERAL PURPOSE SLINGING PRACTICE

The following information is based on Section 1 - Appendix 1.5 of the LEEA Code of Practice for the
Safe Use of Lifting Equipment. It should be read in conjunction with the instructions for the safe use,
given overleaf, of which it forms an integral part and with any specific instructions issued by the
supplier.
Always Never
 Plan the lift, establish the weight of the load and prepare
the landing area ensuring that it will take the weight.  Use damaged slings or accessories.
 Check slings and equipment are free of damage, use  Twist, knot or tie slings.
slings/slinging methods suitable for the load and protect  Hammer slings into position.
slings from sharp edges and corners.
 Overload slings due to the weight of the load or the mode
 Attach the sling securely to the load and appliance and of use.
position hooks to face outwards.
 Trap slings when landing the load.
 Ensure the load is balanced and will not tilt or fall.
 Drag slings over floors etc or attempt to pull trapped slings
 Keep fingers, toes etc. clear when tensioning slings and from under loads.
when landing loads.
 Allow personnel to ride on loads.
 Ensure that the load is free to be lifted.
 Make a trial lift and trial lower.

Slings are available in single, two, three and four leg or endless form. In practice it will be found that
wire ropes are available in any of these configurations. The maximum load that a sling may lift in use
will be governed by the slinging arrangement (mode of use) and may vary from the marked SWL,
refer to table 1 below. It is necessary to multiply the marked SWL by a mode factor relevant to sling
arrangement, see table 1.
Mode Factors
Maximum Load to be lifted = mode factor x
WLL marked on the sling
hooked
1 0.8 1.4 1 1
Table 1: Mode factors to be applied to different slinging arrangements,

Note: WLL in accordance with EN 13414-1.
The following three simple rules will ensure that the sling is not overloaded. In some cases this will
mean that the sling will be underutilised although this is unlikely to hinder the user unduly. Where the
maximum utilisation is required reference should be made to a Competent Person who understands
the factors involved and who can perform the necessary calculations.
Page 3
(1) For straight lift never exceed the marked SWL and in the case of multi-leg slings the specified angle
or range of angles.
(2) When using slings in choke hitch multiply the marked SWL by 0.8 to obtain the reduced maximum
load the sling may lift i.e. reduce the safe working load by 20%.
(3) With multi-leg slings, when using less than the full number of legs, reduce the maximum load in
proportion to the number of legs in use. Simply multiply the marked SWL by the number of legs in
use expressed as a fraction of the total thus: one leg of a two leg sling = ½ marked SWL, three legs
of a four leg sling = ¾ marked SWL and so on.
Operative Training
Slings should only be used by trained operatives who understand the methods of rating and
application of mode factors.
Safe use of Slings

o Good slinging practice must ensure that the load is as safe and secure in the air as it was on the
ground and that no harm is done to the load, lifting equipment, other property or persons.
o Establish the weight of the load, ensure the lifting method is suitable and inspect the sling and
attachments for obvious defects. Prepare the landing area making sure the floor is strong enough to
take the load. Follow any specific instructions from the supplier.
o Ensure the lifting point is over the centre of gravity. Any loose parts of the load should be removed or
secured. Secure the sling firmly to the load by hooks onto lifting points or shackles etc. The sling must
not be twisted, knotted or kinked in any way.
o Use packing to prevent damage to the sling from corners or edges and to protect the load.
o Do not exceed the SWL or rated angle. Any choke angle must not exceed 60 and any basket 45
from the vertical.
o Do not hammer, force or wedge slings or accessories into position; they must fit freely.
o When attaching more than one sling to the hook of the appliance use a shackle to join the slings and
avoid overcrowding the hook.
o Use an established code of signals to instruct the crane driver.
o Ensure the load is free to be lifted and not, for example, bolted down.
o Check that there are no overhead obstacles such as power lines.
o Keep fingers, toes etc. clear ensuring they do not become trapped when lifting, lowering or controlling
loads.
o Make a trial lift by raising the load a little to ensure it is balanced, stable and secure and if not lower
it and adjust the slinging arrangement.
o Where appropriate use tag lines to control the load.
o Except where special provision is made, do not allow anyone to pass under or ride upon the load.
The area should be kept clear.
o Make a trial set down, ensure the sling will not become trapped and the load will not tip when the
slings are released. Use supports which are strong enough to sustain the load without crushing.
o Never drag slings over floors etc. or attempt to drag a trapped sling from under a load.
o Never use a sling to drag a load.
o Place the hooks of free legs back onto the master link and take care to ensure that empty hooks do
not become accidentally engaged.
o Never use slings in contact with chemicals or heat without the manufacturer’s approval.
o On completion of the lift return all equipment to proper storage.
Page 4
Guidance to the
manufacturer of
shackles to the
development of
Instructions for
Use

Guidance to the Manufacturer of Shackles to the Development of Instructions
for Use
Published by the
3 Ramsay Court
Huntingdon PE29 6FY
United Kingdom
Tel: + 44 (0) 1480 432801 Fax: + 44 (0) 1480 436314

Contents

the shackle, without the serial number and signatures Page 1
2.3 A general description of the shackle Page 2

shackle. Page 2
2.5 A description of the intended use of the shackle Page 2
2.7 Instructions for first use of the shackle Page 3



handling and storage operations can be made safely, given
the weight of the shackle Page 3

2.13 The specifications of spare parts that should be used, when

these affect the health and safety of operators. Page 4

1.0 Introduction
instructions are supplied with all shackles intended for use in lifting operations. These instructions must
be in the official community language or languages of the member state in which the shackle is to be
placed on the market and put into service.
The contents of the instructions must cover not only the intended use of the shackle but also take into
account any reasonable foreseeable misuse.
from such users.
The following information is given as guidance to the manufacturer of shackles to enable them to

information may be required for custom-made shackles or additional fitted devices. For further guidance
refer to ‘LEEA 062 General Guidance to the manufacturer of lifting equipment to the development of
instructions for use’.

particulars of the shackle, without the serial number and signatures.
3. A general description of the Shackle.
of the shackle.
5. A description of the intended use of the shackle.
6. Limits of use.
7. Instructions for first use of the shackle
made safely, given the weight of the shackle.
of the operators.
These are the minimum requirements for general purpose shackles and further instructions may be
required for special use shackles. Therefore, the author of instructions is advised that this list is not to
be taken as exhaustive and shall be read in conjunction with ‘LEEA 062 General Guidance to the
manufacturer of shackles to ensure that they are providing adequate instructions for use.

shackles a symbol unique to the manufacturer will be marked on the shackle, in this case this must also
be included, along with the full business name and address of the manufacturer, in the instructions for
use.

showing the particulars of the shackle, without the serial number and signatures.
Page 1
2.3 A general description of the shackle.

The purpose of this description is aimed at enabling the user to identify the main parts of the shackle
and their functions. For a shackle this information will be basic, but given the variety of pin types it
cannot be assumed that the function of all components will be understood by the user. Information on
correct assembly, such as how to tighten the pin, should also be included.
repair of the lifting equipment and for checking its correct functioning.
For shackles, typical examples of diagrams that may be used include those depicting correct fitting and
correct loading. For example, refer to figure 1 below or section 19 of the LEEA Code of Practice for the
Safe Use of Lifting Equipment (COPSULE).
Figure 1: Showing the correct and incorrect application of load on a shackle, and, the use of packing to
ensure correct fitting to other components.
that are available.
2.5 A description of the intended use of the shackle.

The description must state that the shackle is intended for general lifting purposes or the precise
The description should also take into account foreseeable misuse of the shackle. To avoid such misuse
it is helpful to indicate to the user the usual reasons for such misuse and to explain the consequences.
The warnings against foreseeable misuse of the shackle must take into account of feedback from users
The description of intended use could be supplemented with diagrams as shown in 2.4 above, or, for
further examples, refer to figure 2.
Page 2
Figure 2: Showing the correct and incorrect use of a sling with a screw pin shackle.
2.6 Limits of Use

manufacturers risk assessment and the design and constructions of the shackle. For example, you
could specify limits on operating temperatures.
2.7 Instructions for first use of the shackle.

need to be carried out to ensure the shackle is in good working condition before first use.
This section must also indicate whether specific training is required to use the shackle correctly. See
section 2.8 for further details.

For shackles, LEEA would recommend the following statement, ‘shackles should only be used by
For example, never force, hammer or wedge shackles into position. Or, do not replace a shackle pin
with a standard bolt. These are all things that cannot be designed out, but if done will have an effect on
the safe use of the equipment and therefore the operator should be advised.
With regards to shackles this section would cover the required PPE, such as any deemed necessary
for handling the shackle.
can be made safely, given the weight of the shackle.
Instructions for safe transport, handling and storage of the shackle and of parts that are to be
- Instructions for the safe manual handling of the shackle or parts of the shackle that are to be
moved by hand.
- Instructions with regards to the mass of the shackle to be transported.
- Instructions for safe storage to prevent damage and degradation to the shackle or injury to
persons.
Page 3
user.
indicate their frequency. The instructions should list those parts of the shackle that must be checked
In general, the supply of spare parts is not covered by Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC and therefore
a matter for contractual agreement between the manufacturer and the user. However, where parts
subject to wear and tear need to be replaced in order to protect the health and safety of users, the
specifications of the appropriate spare parts must be given in the instructions.

A sample document has also been included in Appendix 1. The variables associated with differing
grades of sling have been excluded and thus requiring the manufacturer to fill in these details. Please
note that this is a guide only and may not cover every conceivable scenario. Therefore, is vital that you
fully assess your product to ensure that you have covered every aspect.
Page 4
Appendix 1
Instructions for the safe use of: Shackles
This document is issued in accordance with the Never return damaged shackles to storage. They should be dry,
clean and protected from corrosion.
requirements of Section 6 of the Health and Safety at Work
etc Act 1974, amended March 1988. It outlines the care and Do not alter, modify or repair shackles and never replace
safe use of SHACKLES and is based on Section 19 of the missing pins with unidentified pins, bolts etc, but refer such
LEEA Code of Practice for the Safe Use of Lifting matters to a Competent Person.
Equipment. It should be read in conjunction with the Never galvanise or subject a shackle to other plating processes
requirements for general purpose slinging practice given without the approval of the supplier.
overleaf, the principles of which may be applied to the use
of shackles with or without slings.
Using Shackles Safely
Do not attempt lifting operations unless you understand the use
This information is of a general nature only covering the main of the equipment, the slinging procedures and the mode factors
points for the safe use of shackles. It may be necessary to to be applied.
supplement this information for specific applications.
Do not use defective shackles or unidentified pins.
Shackles should be fitted so that the body takes the load along
ALWAYS: its centre line and is not subjected to side bending loads. When
connecting a number of sling legs, and similar applications,
 Store and handle shackles correctly. position them so that they do not impose a side load on the
 Inspect shackles before use and before placing into storage. shackle jaws. Use spacers to position them if necessary.
 Select the correct pattern of shackle and pin for the Ensure the pin is correctly screwed into the shackle eye. Tighten
application. by hand, use a small bar to lock the collar to the shackle eye.
 Allow for the full resultant imposed load. Check that the thread is fully engaged with the body but is not
too long so that tightening causes the body to deform.
 Fully tighten the pin.
With bolt and nut pins ensure the nut jams on the inner end of
 Ensure the load acts through the centre line of the shackle the thread and not on the eye of the shackle. The bolt should be
using spacers if necessary to meet this requirement. free to rotate with minimal side float. The split cotter pin must be
fitted before making a lift.
NEVER:
When using shackles with slings in choke hitch, or in other
 Use shackles with bent pins or deformed bodies. applications where there may be movement, place the pin
 Force, hammer or wedge shackles into position. through the eye or link of the sling and never in contact with the
bight of the choke or moving parts which may cause the pin to
 Eccentrically load shackles. unscrew.
 Replace the pin with a bolt.
 Fit pins in contact with moving parts which may loosen or
unscrew them. Maintenance requirements are minimal. Keep shackles clean,
the threads free of debris and protect from corrosion.
 Shock load shackles.
Regularly inspect shackles and, in the event of the following
defects, refer the shackle to a Competent Person for thorough
examination: illegible markings; distorted, worn, stretched or
Selecting the Correct Shackle bent body; bent pin; damaged or incomplete thread forms; nicks,
Shackles are available in a range of material grades, sizes and gouges, cracks or corrosion; incorrect pin; any other defect.
designs. Select the shackle to be used and plan the lift taking
the following into account: © Lifting Equipment Engineers Association 2017
Type of shackle to be used - dee or bow, British Standard or
other design. Further information is given in:
Type of pin - screwed with collar and eye are suitable for general The Code of Practice for the Safe Use of Lifting Equipment,
purposes; with countersunk head for where clearance is limited; published by:
bolt and nut for where the pin may be out of sight or subject to
movement.
Full resultant imposed load - when using shackles with multi-leg
slings remember that as the included angle increases and so 3 Ramsay Court,
does the load in the leg and any attachment to the leg. When Hinchingbrooke business Park, Huntingdon,
used to suspend pulley blocks account must be taken of the Cambridgeshire. PE29 6FY.United Kingdom
imposed load due to operating effort. Tel: + 44 (0) 1480 432801
Fax: + 44 (0) 1480 436314
CAUTION: BS and ISO Standard shackles are designed and E-mail: mail@leeaint.com
rated for the pin to accept a central point load. Other, commonly Website: www.leeaint.com
available, types are designed and rated for the load to be evenly
distributed over the full width of the pin. Unless the basis for
rating is clearly stated it should be assumed that the jaw must
be fully filled and the load evenly spread across the shackle pin
width.
Storing and Handling Shackles
Page 1
(3) With multi-leg slings, when using less than the full number
of legs, reduce the maximum load in proportion to the
GENERAL PURPOSE SLINGING PRACTICE number of legs in use. Simply multiply the marked SWL by
The following information is based on Section 1 - Appendix 1.5 the number of legs in use expressed as a fraction of the
of the LEEA Code of Practice for the Safe Use of Lifting total thus: one leg of a two leg sling = ½ marked SWL, three
Equipment. It should be read in conjunction with the instructions legs of a four leg sling = ¾ marked SWL and so on.
for the safe use, given overleaf, of which it forms an integral part
and with any specific instructions issued by the supplier.
This information is of a general nature only covering the main Operative Training
points for the safe use of various types of slings for general lifting Slings should only be used by trained operatives who
purposes. understand the methods of rating and application of mode
factors.
ALWAYS: Safe use of Slings

 Plan the lift, establish the weight of the load and prepare the o Good slinging practice must ensure that the load is as safe
landing area ensuring that it will take the weight. and secure in the air as it was on the ground and that no harm
is done to the load, lifting equipment, other property or
 Check slings and equipment are free of damage, use persons.
slings/slinging methods suitable for the load and protect slings
from sharp edges and corners. o Establish the weight of the load, ensure the lifting method is
suitable and inspect the sling and attachments for obvious
 Attach the sling securely to the load and appliance and defects. Prepare the landing area making sure the floor is
position hooks to face outwards. strong enough to take the load. Follow any specific
 Ensure the load is balanced and will not tilt or fall. instructions from the supplier.
 Keep fingers, toes etc clear when tensioning slings and when o Ensure the lifting point is over the centre of gravity. Any loose
landing loads. parts of the load should be removed or secured. Secure the
 Ensure that the load is free to be lifted. sling firmly to the load by hooks onto lifting points or shackles
etc. The sling must not be twisted, knotted or kinked in any
 Make a trial lift and trial lower. way.
NEVER: o Use packing to prevent damage to the sling from corners or
edges and to protect the load.
 Use damaged slings or accessories.
o Do not exceed the SWL or rated angle. Any choke angle must
 Twist, knot or tie slings. not exceed 120 and any basket 90.
 Hammer slings into position. o Do not hammer, force or wedge slings or accessories into
 Overload slings due to the weight of the load or the mode of position; they must fit freely.
use. o When attaching more than one sling to the hook of the
 Trap slings when landing the load. appliance use a shackle to join the slings and avoid
 Drag slings over floors etc or attempt to pull trapped slings overcrowding the hook.
from under loads. o Use an established code of signals to instruct the crane driver.
 Allow personnel to ride on loads. o Ensure the load is free to be lifted and not, for example, bolted
down.
o Check that there are no overhead obstacles such as power
Sling Configurations and Rating lines.
Slings are available in single, two, three and four leg or endless o Keep fingers, toes etc clear ensuring they do not become
form. In practice it will be found that chain, wire rope and fibre trapped when lifting, lowering or controlling loads.
rope slings are available in any of these configurations but that
flat woven webbing is limited to single leg and endless whilst o Make a trial lift by raising the load a little to ensure it is
roundslings are only supplied in endless form. The maximum balanced, stable and secure and if not lower it and adjust the
load that a sling may lift in use will be governed by the slinging slinging arrangement.
arrangement (mode of use) and may vary from the marked o Where appropriate use tag lines to control the load.
SWL. In the case of textile slings the SWL for the various modes
o Except where special provision is made, do not allow anyone
of use is usually given on the information label. In other cases it
to pass under or ride upon the load. The area should be kept
is necessary to multiply the marked SWL by a mode factor.
clear.
The following three simple rules will ensure that the sling is not
o Make a trial set down, ensure the sling will not become
overloaded. In some cases this will mean that the sling will be
trapped and the load will not tip when the slings are released.
under utilised although this is unlikely to hinder the user unduly.
Use supports which are strong enough to sustain the load
Where the maximum utilisation is required reference should be
without crushing.
made to a Competent Person who understands the factors
involved and who can perform the necessary calculations. o Never drag slings over floors etc or attempt to drag a trapped
sling from under a load.
(1) For straight lift never exceed the marked SWL and in the
case of multi-leg slings the specified angle or range of o Never use a sling to drag a load.
angles. o Place the hooks of free legs back onto the master link and
(2) When using slings in choke hitch multiply the marked SWL take care to ensure that empty hooks do not become
by 0.8 to obtain the reduced maximum load the sling may accidentally engaged.
lift ie reduce the safe working load by 20%.
Page 2
o Never use slings in contact with chemicals or heat without the
manufacturers approval.
o On completion of the lift return all equipment to proper
storage.
Further information is given in:

LEEA Code of Practice for the Safe Use of Lifting Equipment.
Various British Standards covering individual products.
Page 2
Document reference: LEEA 0
Page 1
Guidance to the
manufacturer of
eyebolts to the
development of
Instructions for
Use

Guidance to the Manufacturer of Eyebolts to the Development of Instructions
for Use
Published by the
3 Ramsay Court
Huntingdon PE29 6FY
United Kingdom
Tel: + 44 (0) 1480 432801 Fax: + 44 (0) 1480 436314

Contents

the eyebolt, without the serial number and signatures Page 1
2.3 A general description of the eyebolt Page 2

eyebolt. Page 2
2.5 A description of the intended use of the eyebolt Page 2
2.7 Instructions for first use of the eyebolt Page 3




1.0 Introduction
instructions are supplied with all eyebolts intended for use in lifting operations. These instructions must
be in the official community language or languages of the member state in which the eyebolt is to be
placed on the market and put into service.
The contents of the instructions must cover not only the intended use of the eyebolt but also take into
from such users.
The following information is given as guidance to the manufacturer of eyebolts to enable them to

information may be required for custom-made eyebolts or additional fitted devices. For further guidance
refer to ‘LEEA 062 General Guidance to the manufacturer of lifting equipment to the development of
instructions for use’.

particulars of the eyebolt, without the serial number and signatures.
3. A general description of the eyebolt.
of the eyebolt.
5. A description of the intended use of the eyebolt.
6. Limits of use.
7. Instructions for first use of the eyebolt
These are the minimum requirements for general purpose eyebolts and further instructions may be
required for special use eyebolts. Therefore, the author of instructions is advised that this list is not to
be taken as exhaustive and shall be read in conjunction with ‘LEEA 062 General Guidance to the
manufacturer of eyebolts to ensure that they are providing adequate instructions for use.

eyebolts a symbol unique to the manufacturer will be marked on the eyebolt, in this case this must also
be included, along with the full business name and address of the manufacturer, in the instructions for
use.

showing the particulars of the eyebolt, without the serial number and signatures.

Page 1
2.3 A general description of the eyebolt.

The purpose of this description is aimed at enabling the user to identify the main parts of the eyebolt
and their functions. For an eyebolt this information will be basic, but given the variety eye and thread
types it cannot be assumed that the function of all components will be understood by the user.
Information on correct assembly, such as how to tighten the tighten the eyebolt, should also be included.
repair of the eyebolt and for checking its correct functioning.
For eyebolts, typical examples of diagrams that may be used include those depicting correct fitting and
correct loading. For example, refer to figure 1 below or section 20 of the LEEA Code of Practice for the
Safe Use of Lifting Equipment (COPSULE).
Eyebolt with link Collar eyebolt

Maximum load at 90° to axis Maximum load at 90° to axis
not more than 63% of marked SWL not more than 25% of marked SWL
Figure 1: Showing the reduction in lifting capacity when using eyebolts for trunnion lifting
In general, damaged eyebolts are discarded and replaced and therefore maintenance information is not
necessary, however, recommendations should be made to the rejection and acceptance criteria.
2.5 A description of the intended use of the eyebolt.

The description must state that the eyebolt is intended for general lifting purposes or the precise
The description should also take into account foreseeable misuse of the eyebolt. To avoid such misuse
it is helpful to indicate to the user the usual reasons for such misuse and to explain the consequences.
The warnings against foreseeable misuse of the eyebolt must take into account of feedback from users
The description of intended use could be supplemented with diagrams, see figure 2.
Page 2
Figure 2: Showing the correct and incorrect use of a sling with eyebolts.
2.6 Limits of Use

manufacturers risk assessment and the design and constructions of the eyebolt. For example, you could
specify limits on operating temperatures.
2.7 Instructions for first use of the eyebolt.

need to be carried out to ensure the eyebolt is in good working condition before first use.
This section must also indicate whether specific training is required to use the eyebolt correctly. See
section 2.8 for further details.

For eyebolts, LEEA would recommend the following statement, ‘eyebolts should only be used by trained
operatives who understand the methods of rating and application of mode factors.’
For example, never use tommy bars, grips or wrenches to tighten eyebolts. Or, never use an eyebolt to
lift a load that is free to rotate. These are all things that cannot be designed out, but if done will have an
effect on the safe use of the equipment and therefore the operator should be advised.
With regards to eyebolts this section would cover the required PPE, such as any deemed necessary
for handling the eyebolt.
user.
indicate their frequency. The instructions should list those parts of the eyebolt that must be checked
or tests.

Page 3
A sample document has also been included in Appendix 1. Please note that this is a guide only and
Page 4
Appendix 1
Instructions for the safe use of: Eyebolts
Never return damaged eyebolts to storage. They should be dry,

This document is issued in accordance with the requirements of clean and protected from corrosion. Care must be taken to
Section 6 of the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974, protect threads from damage whilst in store.
amended March 1988. It outlines the care and safe use of
EYEBOLTS and is based on Section 20 of the LEEA Code of Where possible use removable plugs to exclude debris from
Practice for the Safe Use of Lifting Equipment. It should be read tapped holes.
in conjunction with the requirements for general purpose
slinging practice given overleaf, the principles of which may be Using Eyebolts Safely
applied to the use of eyebolts with or without slings. Do not attempt lifting operations unless you understand the use
This information is of a general nature only covering the main and limitations to use of the equipment, the slinging procedures
points for the safe use of eyebolts which comply with BS 4278. and the mode factors to be applied.
Although obsolescent, many eyebolts are still manufactured to Do not use defective eyebolts. Check the thread of both the
this standard and are likely to remain in use for many years. It eyebolt and hole, ensure they are compatible, fully formed, of
may be necessary to supplement this information for specific sufficient length, undamaged and clear of any debris which may
applications. prevent proper engagement.
Ensure the contact surface around the hole is flat, clean and
perpendicular to the thread axis. Tighten the eyebolt down firmly
ALWAYS: by hand. The eye must be in the correct plane and the collar
 Store and handle eyebolts correctly. must sit evenly on the contact surface. Use shims but do not
machine the collar or over tighten to achieve this.
 Inspect eyebolts before use and before placing into storage.
A hook may be engaged directly into the eye of a dynamo
 Select the type pattern eyebolt for the application. eyebolt or the link of an eyebolt with link. Collar eyebolts must
 Ensure that the eyebolt and tapped hole threads are be fitted with a shackle or link to accept hooks. The hooks must
compatible and strong enough for the load. fit freely so do not wedge or force them into position.
 Correctly align the plane of the eye using shims where Never reeve a sling through the eyes, links or shackles fitted to
necessary. eyebolts used in pairs as this will impose a severe resultant load
to the eyebolts.
 Ensure that the collar is fully seated when hand tight.
Dynamo eyebolts must only be used for axial loading. When
NEVER: using eyebolts with multi-leg slings use eyebolts with links or
collar eyebolts taking care to de-rate them correctly for angular
 Use tommy bars, grips or wrenches to tighten eyebolts. loading conditions.
 Use dynamo eyebolts for angular loading. Where a single eyebolt is used, use a swivel or swivel hook to
 Use a single eyebolt to lift a load that is free to rotate. prevent the eyebolt unscrewing.
 Reeve slings through the eyes, links or shackles fitted to pairs In-service Inspection and Maintenance
of eyebolts.
Maintenance requirements are minimal. Keep eyebolts clean,
 Force hooks or other fittings into the eye; they must fit freely. protect from corrosion and protect threads from damage. Do not
 Shock load eyebolts. attempt to straighten bent eyebolts or re-cut threads.
Regularly inspect eyebolts and, in the event of the following
defects, refer the eyebolt to a Competent Person for thorough
Selecting the Correct Eyebolt examination: illegible markings; distortion; worn, or bent shanks
Eyebolts to BS 4278 are available in three standard types, and threads; incomplete or incorrectly formed threads; damaged
eyebolt with link, collar eyebolt and dynamo eyebolt. Select the eyes; nicks, gouges, cracks, corrosion or other defects.
eyebolt to be used and plan the lift taking the following into
account: © Lifting Equipment Engineers Association 2017
Type of eyebolt - eyebolt with link for all general purpose
applications, collar eyebolt for most general duties, dynamo Further information is given in:
eyebolt only where a truly axial load is guaranteed. (A collar The Code of Practice for the Safe Use of Lifting Equipment,
eyebolt fitted with a link through the eye must always be published by:
considered as a collar eyebolt and not as an eyebolt with link.)
Capacity - (rating eyebolts for angular loading) It is necessary to 3 Ramsay Court,
reduce the SWL by the following factors when using eyebolts Hinchingbrooke business Park, Huntingdon,
with two leg slings: Cambridgeshire. PE29 6FY.United Kingdom
Tel: + 44 (0) 1480 432801
Included angle  of sling legs
Fax: + 44 (0) 1480 436314
Type of eyebolt 030 3060 6090
E-mail: mail@leeaint.com
Eyebolt with link 1.0 0.8 0.63 Website: www.leeaint.com
Collar eyebolt 0.63 0.4 0.25
Storing and Handling Eyebolts
Page 1
The following information is based on Section 1 - Appendix 1.5 the number of legs in use expressed as a fraction of the
of the LEEA Code of Practice for the Safe Use of Lifting total thus: one leg of a two leg sling = ½ marked SWL, three
Equipment. It should be read in conjunction with the instructions legs of a four leg sling = ¾ marked SWL and so on.
for the safe use, given overleaf, of which it forms an integral part
and with any specific instructions issued by the supplier.
This information is of a general nature only covering the main Operative Training
points for the safe use of various types of slings for general lifting Slings should only be used by trained operatives who
purposes. understand the methods of rating and application of mode
factors.
ALWAYS: Safe use of Slings

 Plan the lift, establish the weight of the load and prepare the o Good slinging practice must ensure that the load is as safe
landing area ensuring that it will take the weight. and secure in the air as it was on the ground and that no harm
 Check slings and equipment are free of damage, use persons.
slings/slinging methods suitable for the load and protect slings
from sharp edges and corners. o Establish the weight of the load, ensure the lifting method is
suitable and inspect the sling and attachments for obvious
 Attach the sling securely to the load and appliance and defects. Prepare the landing area making sure the floor is
position hooks to face outwards. strong enough to take the load. Follow any specific
 Ensure the load is balanced and will not tilt or fall. instructions from the supplier.
 Keep fingers, toes etc clear when tensioning slings and when o Ensure the lifting point is over the centre of gravity. Any loose
landing loads. parts of the load should be removed or secured. Secure the
 Ensure that the load is free to be lifted. sling firmly to the load by hooks onto lifting points or shackles
etc. The sling must not be twisted, knotted or kinked in any
 Make a trial lift and trial lower. way.
NEVER: o Use packing to prevent damage to the sling from corners or
 Use damaged slings or accessories.
o Do not exceed the SWL or rated angle. Any choke angle must
 Twist, knot or tie slings. not exceed 120 and any basket 90.
 Hammer slings into position. o Do not hammer, force or wedge slings or accessories into
 Overload slings due to the weight of the load or the mode of position; they must fit freely.
use. o When attaching more than one sling to the hook of the
 Trap slings when landing the load. appliance use a shackle to join the slings and avoid
 Drag slings over floors etc or attempt to pull trapped slings overcrowding the hook.
from under loads. o Use an established code of signals to instruct the crane driver.
 Allow personnel to ride on loads. o Ensure the load is free to be lifted and not, for example, bolted
down.
o Check that there are no overhead obstacles such as power
Sling Configurations and Rating lines.
Slings are available in single, two, three and four leg or endless o Keep fingers, toes etc clear ensuring they do not become
form. In practice it will be found that chain, wire rope and fibre trapped when lifting, lowering or controlling loads.
rope slings are available in any of these configurations but that
flat woven webbing is limited to single leg and endless whilst o Make a trial lift by raising the load a little to ensure it is
roundslings are only supplied in endless form. The maximum balanced, stable and secure and if not lower it and adjust the
load that a sling may lift in use will be governed by the slinging slinging arrangement.
arrangement (mode of use) and may vary from the marked o Where appropriate use tag lines to control the load.
SWL. In the case of textile slings the SWL for the various modes
o Except where special provision is made, do not allow anyone
of use is usually given on the information label. In other cases it
to pass under or ride upon the load. The area should be kept
is necessary to multiply the marked SWL by a mode factor.
clear.
The following three simple rules will ensure that the sling is not
overloaded. In some cases this will mean that the sling will be
trapped and the load will not tip when the slings are released.
under utilised although this is unlikely to hinder the user unduly.
Use supports which are strong enough to sustain the load
Where the maximum utilisation is required reference should be
without crushing.
made to a Competent Person who understands the factors
involved and who can perform the necessary calculations. o Never drag slings over floors etc or attempt to drag a trapped
sling from under a load.
(1) For straight lift never exceed the marked SWL and in the
case of multi-leg slings the specified angle or range of o Never use a sling to drag a load.
angles. o Place the hooks of free legs back onto the master link and
(2) When using slings in choke hitch multiply the marked SWL take care to ensure that empty hooks do not become
by 0.8 to obtain the reduced maximum load the sling may accidentally engaged.
lift ie reduce the safe working load by 20%.
Page 2
o Never use slings in contact with chemicals or heat without the
manufacturers approval.
o On completion of the lift return all equipment to proper
storage.
Further information is given in:

Page 2
Document reference: LEEA 0
Page 1
General Guidance
to the
Manufacturer of
Lifting Beams to
the Development
of Instructions for
Use
Document Reference: LEEA 062-21

General Guidance to the Manufacturer of Lifting Beams to the Development of
Document reference: LEEA-062-21; Dated 03 August 2016 version 1
Published by the
3 Ramsay Court, Kingfisher Way
Huntingdon PE29 6FY
United Kingdom
Tel: + 44 (0) 1480 432801 Fax: + 44 (0) 1480 436314
CONTENTS
2.0 Contents of instructions for use Page 1
2.2 The designation of the lifting beam as marked on the beam itself,
except for the serial number Page 1
2.3 The EC Declaration of Conformity or the contents of the EC Declaration

of Conformity, showing the particulars of the lifting beam, without the
serial number and signatures. Page 2
2.4 A general description of the lifting beam Page 2
2.5 Drawings, diagrams, descriptions and explanations necessary for the

assembly, use, maintenance and repair of the lifting beam Page 2
2.6 A description of the intended use of the lifting beams Page 2
2.8 Instructions for use of the lifting beam and instructions regarding the
need for training users. Page 3
2.9 Information regarding the residual risks that may remain despite
2.10 Instructions on the protective measures to be taken by the user, for

Example PPE. Page 3
2.11 Instructions concerning the essential characteristics of ancillary

Equipment that may be fitted to the beam that are not supplied with it. Page 3
2.12 The conditions in which the lifting beam meets the requirements
for stability during use, transportation, assembly and dismantling
when out of service Page 3
2.13 Instructions with a view to ensuring that lifting, transportation, handling

and storage operations can be made safely, given the weight of the
lifting beam. Page 4
2.14 A descriptions of the maintenance operations that should be carried out

by the user and the preventative maintenance measures that should be
observed. Page 4
2.15 The static test coefficient used, where applicable. Page 5

Document reference: LEEA-062-21, version 1, dated 03 August 2016
1.0 Introduction
instructions are supplied with all lifting beams. These instructions must be in the official community
language or languages of the member state in which the lifting beam is to be placed on the market and put
into service.
The contents of the instructions must cover not only the intended use of the lifting beam but also take into
must take into account the level of general education and acumen that can reasonably be expected from
such users.
The following information is given as guidance to the manufacturer of lifting beams to enable them to

Each instruction manual must contain at least the following generic information; however additional
information may be required for custom-made lifting beams or additional fitted devices;

2. The designation of the lifting beam as marked on the beam itself, except for the serial number
3. The EC Declaration of Conformity or the contents of the EC Declaration of Conformity, showing
the particulars of the lifting beam, without the serial number and signatures.
4. A general description of the Lifting Beam.
5. Drawings, diagrams, descriptions and explanations necessary for the assembly, use, maintenance
and repair of the lifting beam.
6. A description of the intended use of the lifting beams.
7. Limits of use.
8. Instructions for first use of the lifting beam and Instructions regarding the need for training users.
11. Instructions concerning the essential characteristics of ancillary equipment that may be fitted to the
beam that are not supplied with it.
12. The conditions in which the lifting beam meets the requirements for stability during use,
transportation, assembly and dismantling when out of service.
13. Instructions with a view to ensuring that lifting, transportation, handling and storage operations can
be made safely, given the weight of the lifting beam.
15. The static test coefficient used, where applicable.
These are the minimum requirements for general purpose lifting beams and further instructions may be
required for special use lifting beams. Therefore, the author of instructions is advised that this list is not to
be taken as exhaustive. It is also recommended that this list is read in conjunction with LEEA-062 A general
guidance to the manufacturer of lifting equipment of lifting equipment to the development of instructions for
use.
The following sections offer guidance on each of the above and offer examples to further assist the
manufacturer of lifting beams to ensure that they are providing adequate instructions for use.
2.1 Business name and full address of the manufacturer

This must be the same information that is written on the EC Declaration of Conformity and, if a symbol is
used on the tag instead of the details, then this must also be included for clarity.
2.2 The designation of the lifting beam as marked on the beam itself, except for the serial number
This is the usual name of the category of lifting beam to which the specific model of lifting beam belongs,
i.e. spreader beam, lifting frame, modular spreader, etc. For series produced items it would also be
recommended to include the designation of series type. This could be a batch number or a code identifying
the model or type.
Page 1
The serial number is not required, since the manufacturer's instructions usually cover a model or type
of machinery rather than an individual product.
Where a model of machinery has several variants, it must be made clear to the user which specific
parts of the instructions apply to each variant. Similarly, if the instructions cover more than one model
or type, for example, if they cover several models or types of machinery belonging to the same series,
it must be made clear to the user which specific parts of the instructions apply to each model or type.
2.3 The EC Declaration of Conformity or the contents of the EC Declaration of Conformity, showing
the particulars of the lifting beam, without the serial number and signatures.
Like the instructions, the EC Declaration must accompany the lifting beam. In order to fulfil this obligation,
the manufacturer can choose between the following alternatives:
1. The signed EC Declaration of Conformity is included in the instruction booklet. This is appropriate
in the case of one-off lifting beams or those manufactured in small numbers.
number and the signature) is included on the instruction booklet, in which case the EC Declaration
of conformity must be provided separately.
2.4 A general description of the lifting beam.
The general description of the lifting beam aims to enable the user to identify the main parts of the lifting
beam and their functions.
2.5 Drawings, diagrams, descriptions and explanations necessary for use, maintenance and repair
of the lifting beam.
lifting beams. Clear and simple drawings, diagrams, graphs and tables are usually preferable to long written
explanations. However, necessary explanations must be placed adjacent to the illustrations to which they
refer.
This section should also address foreseeable misuse of the lifting beam.
The following, non-exhaustive list of examples, are typical examples of things that should be considered:
- If the orientation of the lifting beam is critical to its safe operation and is not obvious, then this
should be made clear in in the instructions.
- For modular beams or beams with multiple lifting points the correct slinging arrangements shall be
identified and made clear.
- For lifting beams where the Safe Working Load (SWL) varies with different configurations, this shall
be defined in the instructions.
- For modular lifting beams or lifting beams that can be disabled and reassembled, sufficient
instruction shall be given to ensure correct assembly.
- For beams supplied without slings or shackles, the instructions shall provide data concerning
compatibility.
- If devices are fitted to purely of a means of handling the lifting beam and not for lifting of the load,
then this shall be made clear in the instructions.
2.6 A description of the intended use of the lifting beam.

The description must state the precise indication of the purpose for which the beam is intended. The
description of the intended use must include the total maximum weight to be lifted together with any other
forces which may be superimposed on the load.
The description should also take into account foreseeable misuse of the lifting beam. To avoid such misuse,
it is helpful to indicate to the user the usual reasons for such misuse and to explain the consequences. The
warnings against foreseeable misuse of the lifting beam must take into account feedback from users and
information about accidents or incidents involving similar equipment.
The description of intended use could be supplemented with diagrams and tables as described in 2.5.
Page 2
2.7 Limits of Use

manufacturers risk assessment and in the design and constructions of the lifting beam.
2.8 Instructions for first use of the lifting beam and Instructions for training operators.
This section must indicate whether specific training is required to use the lifting beam correctly. The
The instructions for putting into service shall also indicate all of the necessary checks, functional tests or
inspections that need to be carried out to ensure the lifting beam is in good working condition before first
use.
Users should be informed of the specific uses for which the beam or spreader is intended. The instructions
should show the correct method of attaching the beam or spreader to the crane hook and the correct
method of attaching the load to the beam or spreader.
In the case of beams which are dismantled for transportation and storage, the instructions should show the
correct method of assembling the beam or spreader.
In terms of the slinging requirements for lifting beams LEEA would recommend the following statement,
‘lifting beams should only be used by trained operatives who understand the methods of rating and
application of slinging mode factors as well as being aware of the associated risks affecting the safe
operation of the lifting beam’.
2.9 Information regarding residual risks that may remain despite inherent safe design measures,
safeguarding and complementary design measures adopted.
For example, never;

- Use lifting beams to handle loads other than those for which they are designed;
- Fit lifting beams to a hook other than those for which they are designed;
- Use damaged or distroted lifting beams and attachments;
- Unevenly load lifting beams beyond the limits specified by the manufacturer;
- Allow lifting beams to alter attitude beyond the limits specified by the manufacturer during
use;
- Allow lifting beams to foul the underside of the crane or any other obstruction area.
2.10 Instructions on the protective measures to be taken by the user, for example PPE
With regards to lifting beams this section would cover the required PPE, such as those required for handling
the slings used to connect the beam with the load or lifting machine. It may also include requirements for
tag lines when manipulating long loads, such that the person controlling the load is struck by it.
2.11 Instructions concerning the essential characteristics of ancillary equipment that may be fitted
to the beam that are not supplied with it.
There is a considerable amount of components, accessories and even machines that could potentially be
fitted to and used with a spreader beam lifting arrangement. To this end it is vital that the manufacturer
considers the range of equipment that they would allow to be fitted to their lifting beam and then specify the
relevant essential characteristics of the equipment that can be fitted.
Commonly the essential characteristics would include such things as dimensional compatibility and
maximum weight allowance for example.
2.12 The conditions in which the lifting beam meets the requirements for stability during use,
transportation, assembly, dismantling when out of service.
Where the design and construction of the lifting beam ensures the stability of the lifting beam under certain
defined conditions, these must be specified in the instructions. In some cases, simple statement such as,
Page 3
‘ensure the load is balanced and will not tilt or fall’ will suffice with some simple lifting beams. However
more complicated lifting beam arrangements will require more detailed instructions.
Figure 1: Limiting Condition for Instability
Particular attention should be paid to the stability of the load when the lifting points are below the centre of
gravity. Figure 1 shows the limiting condition for instability. To achieve a stable configuration, the height of
the lifting triangle must be increased in relation to the loading triangle; i.e. for stability, A must be greater
than B and D must be equal to or greater than C.
Lifting beams are often shaped in a manner that doesn’t offer much stability when set for transport or
storage. If this be the case or the lifting beam is not provided with devices to enable stability, instructions
must be provided in terms of the design of jigs, fixtures or stands that should be used.
When assembling or dismantling lifting beams, the addition or removal of a component may result in
instability and guidance on this and how to prevent it shall be provided.
operations can be made safely, given the weight of the lifting beam.
Instructions for safe lifting, transport, handling and storage operations of the lifting beam and of any parts
that are to be transported, handled or stored separately shall include, as appropriate:
- Instructions for the safe handling of the lifting beam and where applicable separate parts.
- Instructions with regards to the total mass of the lifting beam, and where applicable separate parts,
for transportation and or fitting to a lifting appliance
- Instructions for safe storage to prevent damage and degradation to the lifting beam, and where
applicable separate parts, or injury to persons.
user.
In particular, the instructions must specify the maintenance operations that must be carried out and indicate
their frequency. The instructions should list those parts of the lifting beam that must be checked regularly
in order to detect defects in accordance with the specified rejection criteria, periodicity of these checks (in
Page 4
terms of number of cycles) and the nature of the necessary inspections or tests. Criteria must be given for
the replacement of rejected parts.
2.15 The static test coefficient used, where applicable.

This refers to the measures taken by the manufacturers to check the fitness for purpose of the lifting beam.
It refers to the static tests that are required for the lifting accessory. The relevant test reports must be
included in the instructions. This is done to provide the user with the proof that the necessary tests have
been done.
For lifting beams that have been verified through calculation the manufacturer shall state the working
coefficient used to ensure an adequate level of safety. The working coefficient of a load bearing component
is the ratio between the maximum load to which the component can be subjected without breaking and the
specified maximum working load that should not be exceeded during use.
Note: for special purpose lifting beams the manufacturer shall also include additional factors used to
determine the WLL, such as the ‘Design Amplification Factor’ for example.

2006/42/EC and section 6 of the Health and Safety Work Etc. Act 1974. Reference to applicable
harmonised standards would also be beneficial where appropriate.
A sample document has also been included in Appendix 1. Please note that this is a guide only and may
not cover every conceivable scenario.
Page 5
Appendix 1
Instructions for the safe use of:
Lifting Beams and Spreaders
This document is
should be provided where this is not built into the beam.
issued in accordance with the requirements of Section 6 of
Ensure the beam is stable and cannot topple over.
the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974, amended March
1988. It outlines the care and safe use of LIFTING BEAMS Using Lifting Beams Safely
AND
Lifting beams may incorporate various loose and detachable
SPREADERS and is based on Section 20 of the LEEA Code
items of lifting gear. Refer to the separate requirements for
of Practice for the Safe Use of Lifting Equipment. It should
the safe use of those items.
be read in conjunction with the requirements for general
purpose slinging practice, given overleaf, which form an Do not use defective or distorted beams or attachments.
integral part of these instructions. Lifting beams are generally designed for a specific purpose
This information is of a general nature only covering the main and should not be used for other purposes without consulting
points for the safe use of lifting beams and spreaders, the supplier. This will include the size of crane hook from
including lifting frames. It may be necessary to supplement which they are suspended. On no account should lifting
this information for specific applications. beams be suspended from unsuitable size hooks.
The weight of the beam, together with its attachments, must
ALWAYS: be added to the weight of the load when calculating the total
 Store and handle lifting beams correctly. load that will be imposed on the crane hook.
 Refer to the safe use instructions for slings and Ensure that the SWL on the individual lift points is not
attachments used with the beam. exceeded. Extra care is needed where these are adjustable.
 Include the self weight of the beam and attachments when Ensure the load is stable and that the beam remains at its
calculating the load imposed on the crane hook. intended attitude during use. Particular care is needed when
lifting and setting down as not only may the load become
 Ensure the load will remain stable when lifted.
unstable but individual lift points may become overloaded.
 Ensure that no one lifting point becomes overloaded by
Use tag lines to control long loads.
the slinging or handling methods.
Do not allow the beam to foul the underside of the crane, or
 Use tag lines to control long loads.
any other obstructions, when raising or transporting loads.
NEVER: Refer to the requirements of BS 7121: Part 1 when using
beams with cranes in tandem.
 Use lifting beams to handle loads other than those for
which they are designed. In-service Inspection and Maintenance
 Fit lifting beams to a hook other than those for which they
Maintenance requirements are minimal for lifting beams.
are designed.
Ensure that bolted joints are sound and that corrosion
 Use damaged or distorted lifting beams and attachments. damage is prevented. Refer to the individual maintenance
 Unevenly load lifting beams. requirements for associated loose gear and attachments.
 Allow lifting beams to alter attitude during use. Regularly inspect lifting beams and, in the event of the
following defects, refer the beam to a Competent Person for
 Allow lifting beams to foul the underside of the crane or thorough examination: beam distorted, damaged or
any other obstructions in the area. corroded; worn, loose or missing bolts; cracked welds;
attachment points worn, damaged or distorted, holes and
Selecting the Correct Lifting Beam eyes worn or elongated; any other visible defects.
Lifting beams, frames and spreaders are usually designed
and built for a specific purpose. The range of designs and © Lifting Equipment Engineers Association 2011
capacities is therefore only limited by practicality. Select the
beam to be used and plan the lift taking the following into Further information is given in:
account: The Code of Practice for the Safe Use of Lifting Equipment,
Application requirements - to reduce headroom, provide published by:
multiple lift points, to provide adjustable lifting centres, to
handle out of balance loads, to remove or control inward or LIFTING EQUIPMENT ENGINEERS ASSOCIATION
crushing forces, to allow for special load attachments. 3 Ramsay Court, Hinchingbrooke Business Park,
Capacity, both of the overall beam and of the individual lift Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire. PE29 6FY.
points. United Kingdom
Tel: + 44 (0) 1480 432801
Accessories and attachments - slings, grabs, shackles,
hooks etc. Fax: + 44 (0) 1480 436314
Storing and Handling Lifting Beams
Never return damaged lifting beams to storage. They should
be clean and, where necessary, protected from corrosion.
Lifting beams should be stored in a manner that will provide
protection from damage whilst in store. Stands or packing
GENERAL PURPOSE SLINGING PRACTICE marked SWL, three legs of a four leg sling = ¾ marked
SWL and so on.
The following information is based on Section 1 - Appendix
1.5 of the LEEA Code of Practice for the Safe Use of Lifting Operative Training
Equipment. It should be read in conjunction with the Slings should only be used by trained operatives who
instructions for the safe use, given overleaf, of which it forms understand the methods of rating and application of mode
an integral part and with any specific instructions issued by
factors.
the supplier.
This information is of a general nature only covering the main Safe use of Slings
points for the safe use of various types of slings for general o Good slinging practice must ensure that the load is as safe
lifting purposes. and secure in the air as it was on the ground and that no
harm is done to the load, lifting equipment, other property
or persons.
ALWAYS: o Establish the weight of the load, ensure the lifting method
 Plan the lift, establish the weight of the load and prepare is suitable and inspect the sling and attachments for
the landing area ensuring that it will take the weight. obvious defects. Prepare the landing area making sure the
 Check slings and equipment are free of damage, use floor is strong enough to take the load. Follow any specific
slings/slinging methods suitable for the load and protect instructions from the supplier.
slings from sharp edges and corners. o Ensure the lifting point is over the centre of gravity. Any
 Attach the sling securely to the load and appliance and loose parts of the load should be removed or secured.
position hooks to face outwards. Secure the sling firmly to the load by hooks onto lifting
 Ensure the load is balanced and will not tilt or fall. points or shackles etc. The sling must not be twisted,
 Keep fingers, toes etc clear when tensioning slings and knotted or kinked in any way.
when landing loads. o Use packing to prevent damage to the sling from corners
 Ensure that the load is free to be lifted. or edges and to protect the load.
 Make a trial lift and trial lower. o Do not exceed the SWL or rated angle. Any choke angle
NEVER: must not exceed 120 and any basket 90.
 Use damaged slings or accessories. o Do not hammer, force or wedge slings or accessories into
 Twist, knot or tie slings. position; they must fit freely.
 Hammer slings into position. o When attaching more than one sling to the hook of the
 Overload slings due to the weight of the load or the mode appliance use a shackle to join the slings and avoid
of use. overcrowding the hook.
 Trap slings when landing the load. o Use an established code of signals to instruct the crane
 Drag slings over floors etc or attempt to pull trapped slings driver.
from under loads. o Ensure the load is free to be lifted and not, for example,
 Allow personnel to ride on loads. bolted down.
o Check that there are no overhead obstacles such as
power lines.
Slings are available in single, two, three and four leg or o Keep fingers, toes etc clear ensuring they do not become
endless form. In practice it will be found that chain, wire rope trapped when lifting, lowering or controlling loads.
and fibre rope slings are available in any of these o Make a trial lift by raising the load a little to ensure it is
configurations but that flat woven webbing is limited to single balanced, stable and secure and if not lower it and adjust
leg and endless whilst roundslings are only supplied in the slinging arrangement.
endless form. The maximum load that a sling may lift in use o Where appropriate use tag lines to control the load.
will be governed by the slinging arrangement (mode of use)
o Except where special provision is made, do not allow
and may vary from the marked SWL. In the case of textile
anyone to pass under or ride upon the load. The area
slings the SWL for the various modes of use is usually given
should be kept clear.
on the information label. In other cases it is necessary to
multiply the marked SWL by a mode factor.
trapped and the load will not tip when the slings are
The following three simple rules will ensure that the sling is released. Use supports which are strong enough to
not overloaded. In some cases this will mean that the sling sustain the load without crushing.
will be under utilised although this is unlikely to hinder the o Never drag slings over floors etc or attempt to drag a
user unduly. Where the maximum utilisation is required trapped sling from under a load.
reference should be made to a Competent Person who o Never use a sling to drag a load.
understands the factors involved and who can perform the
o Place the hooks of free legs back onto the master link and
necessary calculations.
take care to ensure that empty hooks do not become
(1) For straight lift never exceed the marked SWL and in accidentally engaged.
the case of multi-leg slings the specified angle or range o Never use slings in contact with chemicals or heat without
of angles. the manufacturers approval.
(2) When using slings in choke hitch multiply the marked o Never use damaged or contaminated slings.
SWL by 0.8 to obtain the reduced maximum load the o On completion of the lift return all equipment to proper
sling may lift ie reduce the safe working load by 20%. storage.
(3) With multi-leg slings, when using less than the full
number of legs, reduce the maximum load in proportion Further information is given in:
to the number of legs in use. Simply multiply the marked LEEA Code of Practice for the Safe Use of Lifting Equipment.
SWL by the number of legs in use expressed as a Various British Standards covering individual products.
fraction of the total thus: one leg of a two leg sling = ½
Guidance to the
manufacturer of
plate handling
clamps to the
development of
Instructions for
Use

Guidance to the Manufacturer of plate handling clamps to the Development of
Published by the
3 Ramsay Court
Huntingdon PE29 6FY
United Kingdom
Tel: + 44 (0) 1480 432801 Fax: + 44 (0) 1480 436314

Contents
2.2 The designation of the plate handling clamp as marked on

the clamp itself, except for the serial number. Page 2

the plate handling clamp, without the serial number and
signatures Page 2
2.4 A general description of the plate handling clamp Page 2

plate handling clamp. Page 2
2.6 A description of the intended use of the plate handling

clamp Page 2
2.8 Instructions for first use of the plate handling clamp Page 3



handling and storage operations can be done safely, given
the mass of the plate handling clamp and of its various parts
when these are regularly transported separately. Page 3

2.14 The specifications of the spare parts that should be used

when these affect the health and safety of operators Page 4
2.15 The static test coefficient used, where applicable Page 4
3.0 Further guidance Page

1.0 Introduction
instructions are supplied with all plate handling clamps intended for use in lifting operations. These
instructions must be in the official community language or languages of the member state in which the
plate handling clamp is to be placed on the market and put into service.
The contents of the instructions must cover not only the intended use of the plate of the plate handling
clamp, but also take into account any reasonable foreseeable misuse.
from such users.
The following information is given as guidance to the manufacturer of plate handling clamps to enable
them to develop adequate instructions for use.

information may be required for custom-made plate handling clamps or additional fitted devices. For
further guidance refer to ‘LEEA 062 General Guidance to the manufacturer of lifting equipment to the
development of instructions for use’.

2. The designation of the plate handling clamp as marked on the clamp itself, except for the serial
number.
particulars of the plate handling clamp, without the serial number and signatures.
4. A general description of the plate handling clamp.
of the plate handling clamps.
6. A description of the intended use of the plate handling clamp.
7. Limits of use.
8. Instructions for first use of the plate handling clamp
made safely, given the mass of the plate handling clamp and of its various parts when these are
regularly transported separately.
of the operators.
15. The static test coefficient used, where applicable.
These are the minimum requirements for general purpose plate handling clamps and further instructions
may be required for special use plate handling clamps. Therefore, the author of instructions is advised
that this list is not to be taken as exhaustive and shall be read in conjunction with ‘LEEA 062 General
Guidance to the manufacturer of lifting equipment to the development of instructions for use’.
manufacturer of plate handling clamps to ensure that they are providing adequate instructions for use.

plate handling clamps a symbol unique to the manufacturer will be marked on the clamp, in this case
this must also be included, along with the full business name and address of the manufacturer, in the
instructions for use.
Page 1
2.2 The designation of the plate handling clamp as marked on the clamp itself, except for the
serial number.
The designation of the plate handling camp is the name or code number given by the manufacturer to
the model of the clamp concerned. Where a model of plate handling clamp has several variants, it must
be made clear to the user which specific parts of the instructions apply to each variant. Similarly, if the
instructions cover more than one model or type, for example, if they cover several models or types of
plate handling clamp belonging to the same series, it must be made clear to the user which specific
parts of the instructions apply to each model or type.

showing the particulars of the plate handling clamp, without the serial number and signatures.

2.4 A general description of the plate handling clamp.

The purpose of this description is aimed at enabling the user to identify the main parts of the plate
handling clamp and their functions.
repair of the plate handling clamp and for checking its correct functioning.
For plate handling clamps, typical examples of diagrams that may be used include those depicting
correct fitting and correct loading. For example, refer to figure 1 below or section 22 of the LEEA Code
of Practice for the Safe Use of Lifting Equipment (COPSULE).
Figure 1: Showing the maximum permissible sling and incorrect orientation for the sling load.
2.6 A description of the intended use of the plate handling clamp

The description must state that the plate handling clamp is intended for general lifting purposes or the
precise indication of the purpose for which it is intended.
Page 2
The description should also take into account foreseeable misuse of the plate handling clamp. To avoid
such misuse it is helpful to indicate to the user the usual reasons for such misuse and to explain the
consequences. The warnings against foreseeable misuse of the plate handling clamp must take into
account of feedback from users and information about accidents or incidents involving similar
equipment.
The description of intended use could be supplemented with diagrams, see figure 2, and should include
such things as;
- Correct fitting to the lifting appliance;

- Surface condition (grease, paint or coating) of the part to be handled;
- Clamping ranges to be observed;
- Surface hardness of parts to be handled;
- Measures to prevent unintentional release of the load due to the weight of the crane hook,
bottom block or connections acting on the clamp;
- Etc.
2.7 Limits of Use

manufacturers risk assessment and the design and constructions of the plate handling clamp. For
example, you could specify limitations on the type of plate, e.g. do not use with hard polished plate.
2.8 Instructions for first use of the plate handling clamp.

need to be carried out to ensure the plate handling clamp is in good working condition before first use.
This section must also indicate whether specific training is required to use the plate handling clamp
correctly. See section 2.9 for further details.

For plate handling clamps, LEEA would recommend the following statement, ‘plate clamps should only
be used by trained operatives who understand the methods operation and limitations of the device and
associated lifting sets.’
For example, never put packing between the jaws of the clamp and the plate. Or, never attempt to rotate
from the horizontal to the vertical and vice versa. These are examples of things that cannot be designed
out, but if done will have an effect on the safe use of the equipment and therefore the operator should
be advised.
With regards to plate handling clamps this section would cover the required PPE, such as any deemed
necessary for handling the plate handling clamp.
operations can be made safely, given the weight of the plate handling clamp.
Instructions for safe lifting, transport, handling and storage operations of the plate handling clamp and of
any parts that are to be transported, handled or stored separately shall include, as appropriate:
- Instructions for the safe handling of the plate handling clamp and where applicable separate parts.
Page 3
- Instructions with regards to the total mass of the plate handling clamp, and where applicable
separate parts, for transportation and or fitting to a lifting appliance
- Instructions for safe storage to prevent damage and degradation to the plate handling clamp, and
where applicable separate parts, or injury to persons.
user.
indicate their frequency. The instructions should list those parts of the plate handling clamp that must
be checked regularly in order to detect defects in accordance with the specified rejection criteria
periodicity of these checks and the nature of the necessary inspections or tests.
The regular checks should include requirements for preventative maintenance, such as lubricating
moving parts.
2.15 The static test coefficient used, where applicable.

This refers to the measures taken by the manufacturers to check the fitness for purpose of the plate
handling clamp. It refers to the static tests that are required for the lifting accessory. The relevant test reports
must be included in the instructions. This is done to provide the user with the proof that the necessary tests
have been done.
For plate handling clamps that have been verified through calculation the manufacturer shall state the
working coefficient used to ensure an adequate level of safety. The working coefficient of a load bearing
component is the ratio between the maximum load to which the component can be subjected without
breaking and the specified maximum working load that should not be exceeded during use.
Note: for special purpose plate handling clamps the manufacturer shall also include additional factors used
to determine the WLL, such as the ‘Design Amplification Factor’ for example.

Sample documents have also been included in Appendix 1. Please note that these are guides only and
Page 4
Appendix 1
Instructions for the safe use of: Horizontal Plate Clamps
This document is issued in accordance with the requirements of Storing and Handling Plate Clamps
Section 6 of the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974,
amended March 1988. It outlines the care and safe use of Never return damaged or contaminated plate clamps to storage.
HORIZONTAL PLATE CLAMPS and is based on Section 22 of They should be dry, clean and protected from corrosion.
the LEEA Code of Practice for the Safe Use of Lifting Plate clamps should not be dropped or thrown down.
Equipment. It should be read in conjunction with the
requirements for general purpose slinging practice, given
overleaf, which form an integral part of these instructions.
This information is of a general nature only covering the main Using Plate Clamps Safely
points for the safe use of horizontal plate lifting clamps. It may Do not use defective plate clamps or accessories.
be necessary to supplement this information for specific
applications. Always use horizontal plate clamps in pairs attached to the
correct type, size and length sling for which they are designed.
Position the clamps correctly. Place the clamps over the centre
ALWAYS: of gravity of the plate. If the plate is long and has a tendency to
bend use two or more pairs of clamps in conjunction with a
 Store and handle plate clamps correctly. spreader beam, equally disposed about the centre of gravity, to
 Inspect plate clamps and accessories before use and before minimise the sag. Ensure the clamps face each other to balance
placing into storage. the horizontal clamping forces.
 Put the clamps onto the plate as far as they will go. If the plates are likely to sag transversely, clamps which grip the
plate by a cam must be used.
 Work within the angles and reeve in the manner for which the
clamps are designed. Care must be taken to ensure no one clamp takes more than its
SWL.
 Use two or more pairs of clamps in conjunction with a
spreader if the plate to be lifted is likely to sag longitudinally. Put the clamps onto the plate as far as they will go.
 Take great care to ensure the plate is fully supported before Do not use clamps at an angle to the edge of the plate unless
attempting to release the clamps. they are designed for the purpose.
NEVER:
 Use less than two horizontal plate clamps to lift a plate. In-service Inspection and Maintenance
 Change the method of reeve. Horizontal plate clamps should be cleaned and any moving
 Exceed the maximum thickness for which the clamps are parts lubricated at appropriate intervals, unless the suppliers
designed. specific instructions indicate otherwise.
 Attempt to rotate from the horizontal to the vertical or vice Regularly inspect the plate clamp and, in the event of the
versa. following defects, refer the clamp to a Competent Person for
thorough examination: wear; damage or distortion to fixed and
 Obliquely load horizontal plate clamps unless they have been moving jaws; frame opening out; cracked, insecure, worn or
designed for that purpose. bent pins, bolts etc; corrosion; illegible markings.
 Force or wedge a hook or other fitting into the eye of the
clamp.
WARNING: Teeth of jaws must not be re-sharpened
or re-cut unless this has been specifically approved
Selecting the Correct Plate Clamp by the maker.
Horizontal plate lifting clamps are available in a range of
capacities and designs. They may utilise a cam to grip the plate © Lifting Equipment Engineers Association 2017
or have a plain toe and rely only on friction to hold the plate.
They are intended to be used in pairs with a common sling. Further information is given in:
Select the plate clamp to be used and plan the lift taking the The Code of Practice for the Safe Use of Lifting Equipment,
following into account:
published by:
Type of clamp - plain toe or cam.
Capacity and plate thickness.
3 Ramsay Court,
Type of sling. Hinchingbrooke business Park, Huntingdon,
Cambridgeshire. PE29 6FY.United Kingdom
Tel: + 44 (0) 1480 432801
Fax: + 44 (0) 1480 436314
WARNING: Some of these clamps are designed to be Website: www.leeaint.com
used with an endless loop of chain whilst other are for use
with a two leg sling. Under no circumstances must an
endless loop be substituted for a two leg sling or vice
versa as this will alter the geometry and therefore the
gripping forces on which the clamps rely for their safe
operation
Page 1
the number of legs in use expressed as a fraction of the
The following information is based on Section 1 - Appendix 1.5 total thus: one leg of a two leg sling = ½ marked SWL, three
of the LEEA Code of Practice for the Safe Use of Lifting legs of a four leg sling = ¾ marked SWL and so on.
Equipment. It should be read in conjunction with the instructions
for the safe use, given overleaf, of which it forms an integral part Operative Training
and with any specific instructions issued by the supplier. Slings should only be used by trained operatives who
This information is of a general nature only covering the main understand the methods of rating and application of mode
points for the safe use of various types of slings for general lifting factors.
purposes.
Safe use of Slings
o Good slinging practice must ensure that the load is as safe
ALWAYS: and secure in the air as it was on the ground and that no harm
 Plan the lift, establish the weight of the load and prepare the persons.
landing area ensuring that it will take the weight.
o Establish the weight of the load, ensure the lifting method is
 Check slings and equipment are free of damage, use suitable and inspect the sling and attachments for obvious
slings/slinging methods suitable for the load and protect slings defects. Prepare the landing area making sure the floor is
from sharp edges and corners. strong enough to take the load. Follow any specific
 Attach the sling securely to the load and appliance and instructions from the supplier.
position hooks to face outwards. o Ensure the lifting point is over the centre of gravity. Any loose
parts of the load should be removed or secured. Secure the
 Ensure the load is balanced and will not tilt or fall. sling firmly to the load by hooks onto lifting points or shackles
 Keep fingers, toes etc clear when tensioning slings and when etc. The sling must not be twisted, knotted or kinked in any
landing loads. way.
 Ensure that the load is free to be lifted. o Use packing to prevent damage to the sling from corners or
 Make a trial lift and trial lower. o Do not exceed the SWL or rated angle. Any choke angle must
NEVER: not exceed 120 and any basket 90.
o Do not hammer, force or wedge slings or accessories into
 Use damaged slings or accessories. position; they must fit freely.
 Twist, knot or tie slings. o When attaching more than one sling to the hook of the
 Hammer slings into position. appliance use a shackle to join the slings and avoid
overcrowding the hook.
 Overload slings due to the weight of the load or the mode of o Use an established code of signals to instruct the crane driver.
use. o Ensure the load is free to be lifted and not, for example, bolted
 Trap slings when landing the load. down.
 Drag slings over floors etc or attempt to pull trapped slings o Check that there are no overhead obstacles such as power
from under loads. lines.
o Keep fingers, toes etc clear ensuring they do not become
 Allow personnel to ride on loads. trapped when lifting, lowering or controlling loads.
o Make a trial lift by raising the load a little to ensure it is
balanced, stable and secure and if not lower it and adjust the
Sling Configurations and Rating slinging arrangement.
Slings are available in single, two, three and four leg or endless o Where appropriate use tag lines to control the load.
form. In practice it will be found that chain, wire rope and fibre o Except where special provision is made, do not allow anyone
rope slings are available in any of these configurations but that to pass under or ride upon the load. The area should be kept
flat woven webbing is limited to single leg and endless whilst clear.
roundslings are only supplied in endless form. The maximum o Make a trial set down, ensure the sling will not become
load that a sling may lift in use will be governed by the slinging trapped and the load will not tip when the slings are released.
arrangement (mode of use) and may vary from the marked Use supports which are strong enough to sustain the load
SWL. In the case of textile slings the SWL for the various modes without crushing.
of use is usually given on the information label. In other cases it o Never drag slings over floors etc or attempt to drag a trapped
is necessary to multiply the marked SWL by a mode factor. sling from under a load.
The following three simple rules will ensure that the sling is not o Never use a sling to drag a load.
overloaded. In some cases this will mean that the sling will be o Place the hooks of free legs back onto the master link and
under utilised although this is unlikely to hinder the user unduly. take care to ensure that empty hooks do not become
Where the maximum utilisation is required reference should be accidentally engaged.
made to a Competent Person who understands the factors o Never use slings in contact with chemicals or heat without the
involved and who can perform the necessary calculations. manufacturers approval.
(1) For straight lift never exceed the marked SWL and in the o Never use damaged or contaminated slings.
case of multi-leg slings the specified angle or range of o On completion of the lift return all equipment to proper
angles. storage.
(2) When using slings in choke hitch multiply the marked SWL
by 0.8 to obtain the reduced maximum load the sling may
lift ie reduce the safe working load by 20%. Further information is given in:
Page 2
Instructions for the safe use of:

Vertical Plate Clamps
This document is issued in accordance with the requirements of Section

6 of the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974, amended March 1988. Storing and Handling Plate Clamps
It outlines the care and safe use of VERTICAL PLATE CLAMPS and is Never return damaged or dirty plate clamps to storage. They should be
based on Section 22 of the LEEA Code of Practice for the Safe Use of dry, clean and protected from corrosion.
Lifting Equipment. It should be read in conjunction with the requirements
for general purpose slinging practice, given overleaf, which form an Plate clamps should not be dropped or thrown down.
integral part of these instructions.
Using Plate Clamps Safely
This information is of a general nature only covering the main points for
the safe use of vertical plate lifting clamps. It may be necessary to Do not use defective plate clamps, or accessories.
supplement this information for specific applications. Do not use the clamp to lift a load less than 20% of the SWL or with a
thickness less than 20% of the maximum unless the manufacturer’s
instructions permit otherwise.
ALWAYS: Position the clamp correctly. Place the clamp over the load centre of the
 Store and handle plate clamps correctly. plate. If the plate is long and has a tendency to bend, use two clamps
equally disposed about the centre of gravity in conjunction with a
 Inspect plate clamps and accessories before use and before spreader beam. Care must be taken to ensure no one clamp takes more
placing into storage. than its SWL.
 Put the clamp onto the plate as far as it will go. Put the clamp onto the plate as far as it will go.
 Check that the clamp is directly over the centre of gravity of Under no circumstances should packing be placed between the plate
the load. and the jaws nor any attempt made to lift more than one plate in the
 Ensure the clamp is fully locked or tightened onto the plate clamp.
before lifting. Do not use clamps at an angle to the edge of the plate or for lowering
 Take great care to ensure the plate is fully supported before from vertical to horizontal, or vice-versa, unless they are designed for
attempting to release the clamp. the purpose.
Keep oil, grease and similar contaminates away from jaws which use a
NEVER: friction grip material to hold the plate.
 Use plate clamps on hard or polished plate unless they have
been specifically designed for that purpose. In-service Inspection and Maintenance
 Put packing between the plate and the jaws of the clamp. Vertical plate clamps should be cleaned and any moving parts lubricated
at appropriate intervals, unless the suppliers specific instructions
 Attempt to lift more than one plate in the clamp. indicate otherwise.
 Lower from the vertical to horizontal or vice-versa unless the In the case of clamps with smooth jaws lined with a friction material, care
clamps have been designed for that purpose. must be taken to ensure no lubricant comes into contact with the friction
 Obliquely load vertical plate clamps. material.
 Force or wedge the hook of the lifting appliance into the eye Regularly inspect the plate clamp and, in the event of the following
of the clamp. defects, refer the clamp to a Competent Person for thorough
examination: wear, damage or distortion to fixed and moving jaws; frame
opening out or cracked; insecure, worn or bent pins, bolts etc; worn
Selecting the Correct Plate Clamp friction grip material; damaged, bent or unsatisfactory acting locking
lever; tight, bent or damaged clamping threads etc; corrosion; illegible
Vertical plate lifting clamps are available in a range of capacities and
marking.
designs. They may utilise a lever, cam mechanism, roller or screw to
WARNING: Teeth of jaws must not be re-sharpened or re-cut unless this has
provide friction grip to the plate. Select the plate clamp to be used and
been specifically approved by the maker.
plan the lift taking the following into account:
Type of clamp - lever, cam, roller or screw action.
© Lifting Equipment Engineers Association 2017
Capacity and plate thickness.
If a pendant chain sling is required. Further information is given in:
NOTE 1: Some designs of clamp, particularly those with a The Code of Practice for the Safe Use of Lifting Equipment,
moving cam action jaw where the initial grip is provided by a published by:
spring, have a minimum load and minimum plate thickness they LIFTING EQUIPMENT ENGINEERS ASSOCIATION
can safely lift. Wherever possible refer to the manufacturer’s
3 Ramsay Court,
instructions but in the absence of specific guidance the load
Hinchingbrooke business Park, Huntingdon,
should not be less than 20% of the SWL and the plate thickness
Cambridgeshire. PE29 6FY.United Kingdom
not less than 20% of the maximum.
Tel: + 44 (0) 1480 432801
NOTE 2: Some designs of plate clamp are suitable for lifting
Fax: + 44 (0) 1480 436314
plates from the horizontal to the vertical and the inclusion of a
pendant chain to provide articulation between the clamp and
Website: www.leeaint.com
lifting hook is essential. However the use of pendant chains
should always be considered to prevent the hook weight being
imposed on the clamp as this might cause the clamp to be
released.
Page 3
the number of legs in use expressed as a fraction of the
The following information is based on Section 1 - Appendix 1.5 total thus: one leg of a two leg sling = ½ marked SWL, three
of the LEEA Code of Practice for the Safe Use of Lifting legs of a four leg sling = ¾ marked SWL and so on.
Equipment. It should be read in conjunction with the instructions
for the safe use, given overleaf, of which it forms an integral part Operative Training
and with any specific instructions issued by the supplier. Slings should only be used by trained operatives who
This information is of a general nature only covering the main understand the methods of rating and application of mode
points for the safe use of various types of slings for general lifting factors.
purposes.
Safe use of Slings
o Good slinging practice must ensure that the load is as safe
ALWAYS: and secure in the air as it was on the ground and that no harm
 Plan the lift, establish the weight of the load and prepare the persons.
landing area ensuring that it will take the weight.
o Establish the weight of the load, ensure the lifting method is
 Check slings and equipment are free of damage, use suitable and inspect the sling and attachments for obvious
slings/slinging methods suitable for the load and protect slings defects. Prepare the landing area making sure the floor is
from sharp edges and corners. strong enough to take the load. Follow any specific
 Attach the sling securely to the load and appliance and instructions from the supplier.
position hooks to face outwards. o Ensure the lifting point is over the centre of gravity. Any loose
parts of the load should be removed or secured. Secure the
 Ensure the load is balanced and will not tilt or fall. sling firmly to the load by hooks onto lifting points or shackles
 Keep fingers, toes etc clear when tensioning slings and when etc. The sling must not be twisted, knotted or kinked in any
landing loads. way.
 Ensure that the load is free to be lifted. o Use packing to prevent damage to the sling from corners or
 Make a trial lift and trial lower. o Do not exceed the SWL or rated angle. Any choke angle must
NEVER: not exceed 120 and any basket 90.
o Do not hammer, force or wedge slings or accessories into
 Use damaged slings or accessories. position; they must fit freely.
 Twist, knot or tie slings. o When attaching more than one sling to the hook of the
 Hammer slings into position. appliance use a shackle to join the slings and avoid
overcrowding the hook.
 Overload slings due to the weight of the load or the mode of o Use an established code of signals to instruct the crane driver.
use. o Ensure the load is free to be lifted and not, for example, bolted
 Trap slings when landing the load. down.
 Drag slings over floors etc or attempt to pull trapped slings o Check that there are no overhead obstacles such as power
from under loads. lines.
o Keep fingers, toes etc clear ensuring they do not become
 Allow personnel to ride on loads. trapped when lifting, lowering or controlling loads.
o Make a trial lift by raising the load a little to ensure it is
balanced, stable and secure and if not lower it and adjust the
Sling Configurations and Rating slinging arrangement.
Slings are available in single, two, three and four leg or endless o Where appropriate use tag lines to control the load.
form. In practice it will be found that chain, wire rope and fibre o Except where special provision is made, do not allow anyone
rope slings are available in any of these configurations but that to pass under or ride upon the load. The area should be kept
flat woven webbing is limited to single leg and endless whilst clear.
roundslings are only supplied in endless form. The maximum o Make a trial set down, ensure the sling will not become
load that a sling may lift in use will be governed by the slinging trapped and the load will not tip when the slings are released.
arrangement (mode of use) and may vary from the marked Use supports which are strong enough to sustain the load
SWL. In the case of textile slings the SWL for the various modes without crushing.
of use is usually given on the information label. In other cases it o Never drag slings over floors etc or attempt to drag a trapped
is necessary to multiply the marked SWL by a mode factor. sling from under a load.
The following three simple rules will ensure that the sling is not o Never use a sling to drag a load.
overloaded. In some cases this will mean that the sling will be o Place the hooks of free legs back onto the master link and
under utilised although this is unlikely to hinder the user unduly. take care to ensure that empty hooks do not become
Where the maximum utilisation is required reference should be accidentally engaged.
made to a Competent Person who understands the factors o Never use slings in contact with chemicals or heat without the
involved and who can perform the necessary calculations. manufacturers approval.
(1) For straight lift never exceed the marked SWL and in the o Never use damaged or contaminated slings.
case of multi-leg slings the specified angle or range of o On completion of the lift return all equipment to proper
angles. storage.
(2) When using slings in choke hitch multiply the marked SWL
by 0.8 to obtain the reduced maximum load the sling may
lift ie reduce the safe working load by 20%. Further information is given in:
Page 4

LEEA-062 Series Guidance To The Manufacturer of Lifting Equipment To The Development of Instructions For Use - V1 April 2015

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LEEA-062 Series Guidance To The Manufacturer of Lifting Equipment To The Development of Instructions For Use - V1 April 2015

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General guidance

Document Reference LEEA 062

Version 1 April 2015

2.0 Contents of the Instructions for Use

1. Business name and full address of the manufacturer.

The following additional items are specific to Lifting Machines only;

22. The technical characteristics of the Lifting machine.

Version 1 April 2015

The following additional items are specific to Lifting Accessories only;

27. The intended use

2.1 Business name and full address of the manufacturer.

2.3 The EC Declaration of Conformity or the contents of the EC Declaration of Conformity,

1. The signed EC Declaration of Conformity is included in the instruction booklet. This is

2.4 A general description of the lifting equipment.

Version 1 April 2015

2.6 A description of the workstation(s) likely to be occupied by operators.

2.7 A description of the intended use of the lifting equipment.

- The maximum lifting load

Version 1 April 2015

Version 1 April 2015

Version 1 April 2015

2.21 The noise emission declaration.

- to assist users to choose machinery with reduced noise emission;

Version 1 April 2015

2.22 The technical characteristics of the lifting machine.

Version 1 April 2015

2.27 The intended use.

2.29 Instructions for assembly, use and maintenance.

2.30 The static test coefficient used.

3.0 Further guidance.

Version 1 April 2015

Document Reference LEEA 062-9

Version 1 January 2017

1.0 Introduction Page 1

2.0 Contents of the Instructions for Use Page 1

2.1 Business name and full address of the manufacturer Page 1

2.2 The designation of the beam clamp as marked on

2.3 The EC Declaration of Conformity or the Contents of the

2.4 A general description of the beam clamp Page 2

2.5 Drawings, diagrams, descriptions and explanations

2.6 A description of the intended use of the beam clamp Page 2

2.7 Limits of use Page 3

2.8 Instructions for first use of the beam clamp Page 3

2.9 Instructions regarding the need for training Page 3

2.10 Information regarding residual risk that may remain despite

2.11 Instructions on the protective measures to be taken by the

2.12 Instructions with a view to ensuring that transportation

2.13 A description of the maintenance operations that should be

2.14 The specifications of the spare parts that should be used

3.0 Further guidance Page 4

Version 1 January 2017

2.0 Contents of the Instructions for Use

1. Business name and full address of the manufacturer

2.1 Business name and full address of the manufacturer.

2.3 The EC Declaration of Conformity or the contents of the EC Declaration of Conformity,

1. The signed EC Declaration of Conformity is included in the instruction booklet. This is

2.4 A general description of the beam clamp.

2.6 A description of the intended use of the beam clamp

- Correct fitting to the lifting appliance;

2.7 Limits of Use

2.8 Instructions for first use of the beam clamp.

2.9 Instructions regarding the need for training users.

3.0 Further guidance.