Appendices 2h? Et ‘51. tangent line 27s — y =0; normal line x | 27y 57. a. v() = 400 — 395¢"®% , 400 fs N=-Gin2n!-(c0s2nj 43.0 5 Chapter 11 LL.1 Functions of Several Variables, page 826, 30.0 bO 60 d2 48 £20 htm domain is uv > 0, and the range is fw, Bree b.0.189 48. y 0. 9. The domain i range is f(x,y) 2 0. 13, The domsin is x? —y® > 0, and the range 1235, wighyleu = SORT GT GCE Mex aH? 49. 1,562.5 tb 7300 $3. (2x | 1)G4 | 2x3 1 2x? | x) $5, Bxom'/s 5. The domain is x — y > 0, and the range is f(x,y) > 0. 7. The =x > 0, and the range is R. 11. The domain is R2, and the Sey) > 0. 3 18. C0: 2-3 17. 6-0: x3-y=0 Cal: e-ysl Caz v-ya2 C=3 P-y= wv. 21, This isa eylinder, t yee? = Lwhich has the x-axis as its axis, 23, This isa plane, 25, This is a sphere, xty-ze i its +p eo -2F trace in the xy-plane + -3P =4 is the line x+y = Ii its cross sections trace in the x2-plane is x-2=hand its trace in the yz-plane is yrrsh 27, This isan ellipsoid y This is hyperboloid traces are ellipses in al three coordinate planes, cf one sheet; the trace in the ay-plane is an ellipse; in the xz~ and yz-planes the traces are hyperbola.1236 Appendices. 31. This isan ebiptic : 33, This isan elliptic cone < paraboloid its traces in the traces in the x2- and the xz~ and yz-planes yz-planes are pairs of are parabola; the lines; the wace in the = * teace in the xy-plane is -xy-plane isthe origin if D 2 point (the origin). * z= 0 and an ellipse 1 itz £0. 4. y a 4 » y ‘5, qupotonal carves are olipses x42)? 46 Pay? 2 vaya? tyne eddy > 0,4; > 0: the level curves are hyperbolas. 57. = WB $9.8 = 0-4 Hx + 00- H+ HY 112 Limits and Continuity, page 836 RS S-2 71 9.1 10 181 15.1 17,50 184 21.10 2, Thelimit does notes, 251 276-1 29,1 31. The limit does not enst as can be seen from examining behavior online y~ mt. 33. The limit does not ens as ear be soem ay examining behavior online 9 = 0. 38.7 is no continuous at (0,0). 37. $ bo The limit doesnot exist as can he seen by examining bhavier on 0 38.0 41.2 4. Yes 45.0 M7.¢ 49.0 SL. Thelimit doesnotexis. S%Choose 5 —£. 35, Cnoose 5Appendices 1237 11.3 Partial Derivatives, page 846 24 Day + 3y%s fr OR +2 fe DET DY She 2 av — 6 BEB FI FHP Ate s(x? cosy)(2x e083): fy = costs? cosy (x? siny) Mefe B= +I ty h The fo = 9. a. f, = 2x(cos.x?)(cosy); EG 2? area =(sinx?)(siny) TR fe =e! + 20089: fy = 32e™ (cosy —siny) 15. fe = 4 bd Sha? b- Mu =~ lee 59 "Foon Bf = GHW + Dif = y+ 2V+1 3S fe = OY fr = Oi fy = 3x? - 3y%s fy = Oy; thus fr + fy = 0. I. fe = fin =Si fy =F since (siny)yy = —siny; thus fig + fy =0. 41. 2(sinz — xcosz) d3,a. yes 'b. both negative ¢. paint and paint brushes 48. a. Cy, = —0.670(T —1)m-"4"_—b, Cr = om=O8? 28 gon -v9y28, 22 < agx2°1-¥5 b, They ate both negative. 49.0.9 9K 7 ROK MENS: SP = 48K »» They are both neg: a9 be 14 eG =nom-Os 47, Wl ALT aA, a __2Acosy Shana hao eyes Sa. 50 a sbsiny: Ty = jasiny: 5 = pabeosy be OEE 114 Tangent Planes, Approximations, and Differentiability, page 857 BSxty— Vz, =0 S.2etdy—z-4=0 Fx-ytde—e=0 df = Way%dr + 1Sx7y%dy Sacthay 18. Mi. df = y(cosap ide + x(cosm)dy 13. df = 17. df = Sx — 8y3dy + Sde 19. df = 2<* cos(2e ~ 3y)de — 32? cos(2x — Sy dy + 2z sim(2x — 3y)de 21. f, f,, and f, are continuous, so the function is differentiable, 23. f,, and Jy are continuous, so the function is differentiable, 25. f fa and fy are continuous, so the function is differentiable. 27, fe = I++ 2y + 9: fy = 2+ Axi f may — 10 29, fe = 2x 32; fy = 2) —2Ai fy =O—3x—2y 3704 BRO 382.601 37 =9 AL L—1-y) 48. SL16 48.0, R= (REL) p+ (MBL) gb THe rppehue is increased by approximately $180. 47. R increases by approximately 11% 49, 0.036Qhcal 51, The manufacturer should decrease the level of unskilled labor by about 24 hours, $3, The correct period is approximetely 0.0014 seconds more than the computed period. $8. "The maximum possible error in the measurement of 5 is 2Ib. 57. The function is not continuous at (0,0). 59 A increases by about 1%. = yelds tetdy 11.5 Chain Rules, page 866 sin’ 3r-+6sin3r ar 5.8" be) 7. = lu sin? vt du =u; SE = 2u?sinv cosy ~ du + 80 corr 7 7 Fa, oF Su a | Ow ay | Ow az, Bue dwas | Bway | Bw de eee tee ee a aN ee eee og oe eo OO ewe OP Mega e te gy mete WS ST ap ae + ay ont og ant on” ox ort Oy ar be BY dw _ awe, away, wie du _ wax dw ay | ands aw aw ay , awe 1S 30 = Ge as * Gy Os * Be bs Be . Be 3p du 17, & = costaye)(-3ye — ese + 409] erro [8S ay PE a cael < e 7 gy, 20 _ BE Hoole) fw _ 2 ciirensi] +I +) ag dr rr a-oF & ay (cosy tx) -y i] a7 Te xsiny pa : _2u+0 sectycosx 2e2sinx ~ costs a ae Hey 37. volume and surface area both decreasing1238 Appendices a€ _ Unt ~ale~ {ay + Ne — an 2 aa aay (bay ac _ fa —m+indy) a a we ee) 41. The monthly demand for bicycles will be increasing a the eof about 5¢ bicycles per month (4 months fom now). 43, The joint resistance is decreasing at the approximate rate of 0.3471 ohms/second. $1. a = Yee +2%fy — 2nfy — af Fe __B det3y? * Ox Fy, Byte! by Fr, By +e Fa Be t2y2 9, 59, a. The degree is 11.6 Directional Derivatives and the Gradient, page 881 L@r-2k2q 3. ( Ae S42) eM x) Teoste +2y 3+) +(2-3)s daa) Teostr +29 +p hd-i+8; $0 INy = Spi 4+ Rs the tangent plane is x+y —2— $= 0 sp U—J+W05 the tangent plane bx —y +280 DN, = dog + +I: SO 28.H42 SE 24D: WE 2. LEAD: ee as, 3 VI+1 39. =. a1. ite SE iol ng 08H 48. 243 inthe direction of w = J+J +) 4B. in the direction comesponding to }1~ 9 47, approximately 8.06 49, SVTOI-3j) 55. Daf =f, cos +f, sind; for fex,y) = ye, Dy fL,3) Dedetibe Hedy A 0 LN the tangent plane ine =y +2 = aN the tangent plane is 3x + 6y +z — 3. Si + 2+ 5h); 6VE 33. + Pa 11,7 Extrema of Functions of Two Variables, page 893, 3. (1,0), telaive maxidfum; (1,0) relative minimum 5, A minimum occurs at 2,3) 7.4 maximum occurs at (0,0). 9. (0,0), relative minimam 11. (3,0), relative maximum; (V3.0), saddle point 13, (0,0), relative minimum: (1,0), saddle point; (1,0), saddle pint; (0,1), relative maxiraum (0,—1), relative maximum 15, (2-Y?.2-'/), relative minimum 17. (0.3), saddle point; (0,9), relative minimum; (-2,9), saddle pot; (2,3), eative meximam 19, (J,2),seddle point 24. (6,2), relative minimum; (2985, 2.47), saddle point 23.0 is minimum, 2 is maximum 25. —14 is minimugge 0 is maximum 27, ~5 is minimum, 71s maximum 29. y= 1.62x+0.68 Bly =-002% +554 33, 0.42.0) 35.x =y = Y2V,2 = YOISV 37. The product is maximized when all three nombers are 18. 39. The temperature is greatest (2°C) at (,2) and is least (—}°C) at (4). 41. The revenue is maximized when 10.500 unis of A and 6,500 units of B are reduced, “43. The owner should charge $2.70 for Califomia water and $2.50 for New York water, 45. 200 machines should be supplied to the domestic market and 300 o the foreign market. 47, approximately 2.12 4.0, b.y =0.000041971x + 1.6978 3s Sha. 30.951, m = 0.5718 ‘55, The minimum time of travel occurs when Dick waits 0.4 miles from the line AS and Mary ‘waits 1.6 miles from the finish line 57.2. minimum b. saddle point © S000, 10000 15000 ‘DIAAppendices 1239 11.8 Lagrange Multipliers, page 904 1 328 5% 7.2 95 Ws Wniede is fm$ 17.9 19% 1D) 21. 10/3 is the constrained maximum and —10\/3 is the constrained minimum. 23. 25. The nearest point is (}.4,{) and the distance is +h. 27. x=2=3,y =6; the lagest product is 324. 28. 32 31, The maximum area is obtained when the rectangle is a square with each side 80 yd. 33, The radius x = 1 in. and the height y = 4 in £38. $2,000 to development and $6,000 to promotion gives the maximum sales of approximately 1,039 units. 37. x * 13.866 ft and yR8OIT A 3x=y=z= YC 41, The farmer should apply 4.24 acre-ft of water and 1.27 Ib of fenilizer, 45.3% 47, 421 49, a, $3,000 for development and $5,000 for promotion b. The estimated increase in profit is $30.61. ¢. $4,000 should be spent on development and $6,000 shovld be spent on promotion, d i= 0 51} 53 a 51. bs If we dtop the condition nat a +9 =1 en x = —A# KB ies inc cone unit, the maximum output is estimated to increase bac = 1 a 4m ER, y ae EE I Us increase by one unto oo d by ao -( B y" ‘ey a ~\asB 2) \q Chapter 11 Proficiency Examination, page 908 1 — Leake 2h fy = Sx "Tay 22,40 =6n? Wa Vf =i+3k BAS=- Tr ivgl = vO 24, lim, ,,f.3) along the line y =x is 4, which is not (0,0). 28.4, =H f= 4. fee = oh iy = 0s Soy 27, Duf = ~32(1+ V3) 28. (0,0), saddle point (9,3), relative maximum; (~ 29, maximum of 12, minimum of 3 30, maximum of 2, minimum of Chapter 11 Supplementary Problems, page 909 1 the closegpaisk of radius 4 centered at the origin. 3.-1 2 and area of base is 1 # x a8 8} ne 53, 14459, The fist integral is } and the second integral is —$. 122 Double Integration over Nonrectangular Regions, page 938° 32 8.3r—2V3 7.4 M hein? 1 Z—-G 1K fe-1 1SvF-1 174 WH BW. dins 23.2 25.2 23 ber +2VI 3 Se Shale. ydy ae