wdNsOïñl Ñ;a; úNd.

fha ufkdaúoHd;aul
moku wkdjrKh lrkak'

foaYl - uydpd¾h iqukmd, .,auxf.dv

 le,‚h úYajúoHd,h

fn!oaO wOHhk Ydia;%m;s Wmdê mdGud,dj

❖ mSGh (- mYapd;a Wmdê mSGh

❖ wOHhk wxYh (- md,s yd fn!oaO wOHhk wxYh
❖ úIh (- fn!oaO ufkdaúoHdj yd ufkda WmfoaYkh
❖ úIh m;%h yd wxlh (- MABS 53025
❖ úIh Ndr lÓldpd¾h $ WmfoaYl - uydpd¾h iqukmd, .,auxf.dv

ud;Dldj
wdNsOïñl Ñ;a; úNd.fh.s ufkdaúoHd;aul moku
wkdjrKh lrkak

❖ msgq ixLHdj (- 14
❖ YsIHdf.a ku (- mQcH nKavdr¥fõ pkaor;k ysñ'
❖ YsIH wxlh (- FGS-MA-BUST-2021-019

i
 mgqk

ud;Dldj msgqj

• ye`Èkaùu
1 wNsO¾uh ye¢kaùu yd tys m%Njh' 00 - 02
2 wdNsOïñl Ñ;a; úNd.fhys ufkda úoHd;aul moku 02 - 08
3 ks.ukh 08 - 09
4 wdY%s; .%ka: kdudj,sh 10

ii
 ye`Èkaùu
le<Ksh úYaj úoHd,fha md,s yd fn!oaO wOHkdxYfha MABS 53025 úIh m;%h yodrK
mQcH nKavdr¥fõ pkaor;k ysñ jk ud fuu ksnkaokh ilia lrkqfha fn!oaO wOHhk
Ydia;%m;s Wmdê mdGud,j fjkqfjks'

Ñ;a;h fyj;a is; hkq mrud¾: jYfhka yd wmrud¾: jYfhka o we;a;d jQ wfkal
m%ldrd¾:hka ms<sn| jQ oekSu h" —fÉ;" uk" ú[a[dK" yoh" udki"˜ hk fïjd o Ñ;a;h u
olajk md<s jpkfhda h' weih" lkh" kdihh" Èjh" lhh" yDohh hk fï ia:dkhkays is;
my< fõ' th l%shdjla jqjo jHjydr myiqj ms‚i oekSu lrk l¾;D Yla;sh we;s øjHhla
fia o lrK Yla;sh we;s øjHhla fia o jHjdyr lrkq ,efí' oelSuh" fmkSuh" weiSuh hkdÈ
jYfhka tA tA wdldrfhka Wmokd is;a ye¢kaùug mdúÉÑ lrk jpk jHjydr NdIdfõ
fndfyda .Kkls'

we;efula is;a we;sùfï m%Odk fya;=j wruqKhhs lsh;s' wruqKq iEu ;ek u we;'
fldf;la wruqKq we;;a mej; tk is;a mrïmrdjla ke;s kï is;la kQm§' wdrïuKdÈ
fya;+kag is; bmo úh yels jkafka mej; tk is;a mrïmrdjla we;s l,ays mufKls' tneúka
is;a we;s ùfï m%Odk fya;=j wdrïuKh fkdj mej; tk is;a mrïmrdj nj o; hq;=h'
wruqKla ke;s j is;g we;s úh fkdfyk nejka wruqK o is;a we;s ùfï n,j;a fya;=jla nj
lsh hq;=h' iauia:hla f,i fuh f,yd .ekqu wmf.a wruqKhs'

fuu ksnkaokfha m%:u mßÉfþoh ;=<ska wNsO¾ufha m%Njh yd úldYkh ms<sn`oj

uQ,dY%.; f;dr;=re olajd we;' ksnkaokfha ud;Dldjg wOd,j wdNsOïñl Ñ;a; ú.%yh bka
wk;=rej úia;r lr we;s w;r tys§ is; ms<sn`oj fn!oaO Ñka;kh ufkdaúoHd;aul mokula
;=< bÈßm;a ù we;s nj ú.%y lr we;' tys§ Ñ;a; úNd.h ms<sn`o uQ,dY%.; f;dr;=re fuys
olajd we;'

;%smsgl" wgqjd" .egmo" wdos .%ka:hka yd ta wdY% .%ka:hka wdY%fhka úuid neÆ w;r
wjeis ;ekayS Wmqgd.ekSïo olajd we;'

iii
 1 wNsO¾uh ye¢kaùu yd tys m%Njh'
fmr wmr foÈ. uq¿ uy;a f,dalhdu j¾;udkh jk úg nqÿ oyu f,i i,ld
n,kqfha ;%smsgl fm< oyuhs' fm< oyu §¾> ld,hla ;siafia ixj¾Okh fjñka úúO
úoaj;=kaf.a úuiqug ,lafjñka wo olajdu meñK we;' iQ;% msglh yd úkh msglh ms<sn|j
we;s jQ ksldhdka;ßl u;fNaod;aul ;;ajhkaf.a wjik tajd hï ;dla úi÷ko wNsOïu
msglh ms<snoj we;s úia;r u;fNaod;aul iajrEmhla .kS'

අභිධර්ම සප්තප්පකරණයම භාග්‍යවතුන් වහන්්සේ්ේ ්ේශනාවක් යැයි අත්ථසාලනී අටුවාව

විමසී්මන් ්පනී යන්්න් ශ්‍රේධාව මුලික කර්ග්‍න අටුවාචාරීන් වහන්්සේ සර්වඥභාෂිත යැයි කීමට උත්සහා
දැරුවද ද එ්සේ ්නාවන බවය. යම් යම් කරුණු කාරනා ඇති නමුත් අභිධර්ම පිටකය සම්බන්ද්යන් එවන්
පසුබිමක් තුළ සේීර නිග්‍මනයන් ්ක්රහි ්යාමු වීම අපහසු ය. ්ක්සේ නමුත් ්බා්හෝ ්දනා්ේ පිළිග්‍ැනීම
වන්්න් ධර්මාවසේථා්ේදී දක්නට ලැ්බන ඇතැම් ්ේශනා ශ්‍රාවකයන් වහන්්සේලා විසින් විග්‍රහ විවරණ කිරී්ම්
ප්‍රතිඵලයක් වශ්යන් අභිධර්ම පිටකය ඇති වූ බව කරුණු පරීක්ෂා කිරී්ම් දී ්පනී යන බවය.

අභිධර්ම්ේ ප්‍රභවය සහ විකාශනයත් අභිධර්ම සංග්‍රහ ග්‍රන්ථ සහ ටීකා සාහිතයzwNsOïuZ jpkh

msglhla oelaùu i|yd Ndú; jqfha hehs fkdlsh fõ' iq;% iy úkh ;=< i|yka wNsOïu hk
jpkh iajdëkj fh§ ke;s nj o mohka yd iudi ù fh§ we;s nj o i|yka fõ' tfiau
iudi ù fh§ we;s zwNsOïul:xZ wd§ mohka uÕska úfYaI O¾u fldgila fyda wNsO¾u msglh
thska w¾: .ekafj;ehs lsj fkdyelsh' fm< oyfï yuqjk —wNsOïu iy wNsúkh˜ hk mo
oajh uÕska wNsOïu hkafkka wNsOïu msglh woyia fõ kï wNsúkh hkafkka úfYaI
m¾hdh" úkh mh–ma;s fldgila i|yka úh hq;=h'

tfy;a tfia i|yka fkdfõ' iq;%" úkh lD;Skays i|yka wNsOïu hk mofhka oela
fjkafka w¾: Woa§mkhla nj fuhska is;h
s yelsh' tfiau wgqjdpdÍka jykafia,d o wNsOïu
hk moh iïnkaofhka tAlu;sl woyil fkdisá nj wgqjd úuiSfuka fmkS hhs' §> ksldfha
ix.S;s iq;%fha i|yka wNsOïu hk moh w¾:l:dj ;=< w¾: folla nqÿf.dia wgqjdpdÍka
jykafia olajhs' tkï wNsOïu hkafkka ima;mamlrKh hk woyi we;s nj;a ud¾. M, hk
w¾:h;a hk w¾: folu wNsOïu hk moh ;=< we;s nj lSy'

uÊ®su ksldfha lska;s iq;%fha wNsOïu hk moh i|yka fõ' fuh nqoaOf>dai
wgqjdpdÍka jykafia fmkajd fokafka i;a;sia fndaêmdlaIsl O¾u f,ih' wx.=;a;r ksldh
wgqjdfõ tl ;ekl olakg ,efnk zwNsOïuZ moh wgqjdpdÍka jykafia w¾: olajkafka
zW;a;ul:dZ f,ih tfiau ;j;a ;ekl —wNsOïul:x˜ hk mohg w¾: olajkafka
zwNsOïñiailxZ hk fkdmeyeÈ,s jQ w¾:hls'

fuhska o fmkS hkafka wgqjdpdÍka jykafia,d ;=< o wNsOïu hk moh iïnkaofhka

tAlu;sl w¾:újrKhl fkdisá njh' uq,a lD;sj, olakg ,efnk wNsOïu hk jpkfha
ksjerÈ w¾:h wjia:dfjdaÑ; w¾:h - zO¾uhg wod<Z zO¾uhg wh;aZ hkak nj fmkajd §
we;' fujka wjia:d fndfyduhla wgqjd ;=< i|yka fõ' wgqjd .%ka: ;=< wNsOïu hk jpkh
uÕska wNsOïu msglh fyj;a ima;mamlrKh woyia l< nj lshfjhs' tfy;a fm!rd‚l
ix.S;s jd¾;d fol ;=< wNsOïu msglhla i|yka fkdjk ksid;a iq;a; msglfha iy úkh
msglfha i|yka wNsOïu hk mofhka wNsOïu msglh fyda úfYaI O¾u m¾hdhla woyia
fkdjk ksid;a wgqjd u;h neyer fõ' wNsO¾u idys;Hh ms<sn| oelaùfï § m%Njh" úldYkh
iy ld, mrdihka ;=< wNsO¾uh uq,sl lrf.k we;s jQ Ydia;%Sh l¾;jHh oelaúh hq;= h'
fufia oelaùfï § ÿIalr;d we;s kuq;a i;H jYfhka fYaIj we;s idOl mdol lrf.k
úia;r lsÍu l< hq;=h'

Ydik b;sydih úuiSfï § o fmkS hkafka wNsO¾u idys;Hh flñka flñka

ixúê;j f.dv ke.=K msgl idys;Hhla njh' uq,a wjÈfha wNsO¾u msgld.; lreKq iq;%dka;
;=< oelsh yels w;r tAjd fndyuhla Y%djlhk jykafia,df.a foaYkd nj fmkS hhs' nqoaO
mßks¾jdKfhka miqj ;:d.; foaYkdj jHdma;ld¾hh mejrefka Y%djlhka jykafia,dg h'
ld,hla f.ù hdu;a iuÕ Y%djlhka jykafia,d w;ru mßhdma;s O¾uuh jYfhka Woa.; jQ
u;jdohkays M,hla jYfhka o O¾uh újrKh lsÍfï w.%.kH M,hla f,i wNsO¾u msglh
msglhla olajd ixj¾Okh jQ nj i|yka fõ'

2 wdNsOïñl Ñ;a; úNd.fha ufkda úoHd;aul moku'

zzi[a[d p fõokd p fÉ;isld tAf;a Oïud Ñ;a; mánoaOdZZ

is; mqoa.,hdf.a wdOHd;añl yd nqoaêuh yeisÍu ;=< flakaøSh N+ñldjla rÕ olajk

nj fn!oaO úYajfldaIfha woyihs' kqmqyqKq f,!lsl mqoa.,hdf.a is; wjYH;d iy
yeÕSïj,ska msÍ mj;S' fuf,i mj;akd isf;ys .=Kdx. b;d mq¿,aj ú.%y lrk md,s ksldh.;
iQ;% újrKj,g wkqj isf;ys l%shdldß;ajh m%Odk wxY 3lska ú.%y l< yelsh(

1' fõokd

2' i[a[d

3' fÉ;kd

fï ;%súO wxYh uÕska isf;ys n,mEï iy.; wxYh .=Kd;aul wxYh" bÉPduh wxYh
l%shd;aul jkafka fjka fjkaj fkdj¦ tlsfkl m%;H fjñka tlg tla fjñks' isf;a
l%shdldß;ajh ms<sn| ú.%y lrk iQ;% foaYkdjkays Ñ;a; hk moh iu. l%shdmo úYd,
ixLHdjla fh§ we;' fuf,i Ñkaf;a;s ^is;hs& hk l%shdmofha isg Ñ;a; yd neÿKq bÈßhg
hEu" w,a,d.ekSu" neyer lsÍu hkdÈ l%shdj,s ixhq;a; ksldfha muKla 30lg jvd jeä nj
uydpd¾h ví' weia' lreKdr;ak uy;d fmkajd fohs'

2
 uyd;KaydixLH iQ;%h isf;ys l%shdldß;ajh fmkajd fokafka —uyfKks" hï fia
jdkrfhla jkfhys ksoe,af,a yeisfrkafka" .il w;a;la w,a,d uq,ska .;a w;a;
w;ayßkafkao" tmßoafoka fï is;o Èjd rd;%S folays tla wruqKla .kS' wfkllau w;ay͘
hkqfjks' isf;ys l%shdldß;ajh ukdj meyeÈ,s lrk Ñ;a; iQ;%h —Ñ;af;ak kSh;s f,daflda˜
hkqfjka fmkajd fokafka isf;ys wjYH;dj u; mqyqÿka mqoa.,hdf.a l%shdldß;ajho ;SrKh
jk njhs'

is; ms<sn| fn!oaO b.ekaùu wêfN!;sl Ñka;kfhkao bj;a fõ' thg m%Odku fya;=j
kï" fn!oaO Ñ;a; ú.%yh fya;=-M, isoaOdka;h wkqj bÈßm;a ù ;sîuh' mYapd;ald,Sk fn!oaO
.=rel=, ;rula fjkia lr bÈßm;a l<o is; Oïu hk idudkH ;;a;ajhg wh;a jk w;r"
th mxpialkaOh iuÕ m%;H fjñka mj;S' uOqmsKaäl iQ;%fha bkaøsh yd tAjdfha wdrïuK
;=<ska Bg wod< ú[a[dKfha my< ùu ksid Miai" fõokd" ix{d" ú;lal hk l%shdj,sh
;=<ska mqoa.,hd m%m[ap f.dvk.k whqre Rcqju is; yd iïnkaO fldg Èj hkafka fya;= -M,
kshduhg wkqjhs'

mqyqÿka mqoa.,hd fndfyda úg is; y÷kd.;af;a wd;aujdÈ .%yKhlsks' fuhg m%Odk

fya;=j f,i nqÿiuh olajkafka §¾>ld,hla uq¿,af,a ;u lh yd Èjd rd;%s foflys is;sú,s
Wmojñka mej;Su ksid —fuh uf.ah" fuh uf.a wd;auh˜ hkdÈ oDIaá .%yKh lr.ekSuhs'
tfy;a iQ;%.; úpdrKj,ska bÈßm;a lrkq Ñ;a;fha fya;=-M, kshduh wjfndaO lr.ekSfuka
is; yd ne÷Kq wd;aujdÈ woyia bj;a lr.; yelsh'

wdNsOïñlhka wNsO¾u msglfhka yd mYapd;a wNsO¾u idys;Hfhka ixj¾Okh l<

Ñ;a; yd tA yd ne÷Kq ffp;isl j¾.SlrK ixj¾Okh lf<a Ñ;a; j¾.SlrK ms<sn| iQ;%d.;
újrKj,g wkql+,j nj ksoiqka /ilska ;yjqre fõ' fuu mßÉfþoh ;=<ska úia;r lrkafka
wdNsOïñl Ñ;a; úÓ yd tys ufkdaúoHd;aul moku iïnkaOjhs'

zwNsO¾ñlzhk fmdÿ jpkfhka woyia lrkqfha f:arjdo iïm%odhhs' Y%s ,dxldjg

;%smsglh yÿkajd §fuka wk;=rej wNsO¾u msglh ms<snoj wgqjd" àld" ikak wd§ jYfhka
w¾; újrKh .%ka: rdYshla wkqrdOmqr" fmdf<dkakre" oUfoKs" uykqjr wdÈ hq.hkays rpkd
ù we;' fï ish¨ lD;Skays wNsO¾ufha uQ,sl lrekq ms<snoj oelafjk úia;r újrK yd
ú.%yhka f:arjdÈh wNsO¾u ú.%yhka f,i yÿkd .; yelsh'

wNsO¾ñl w¾: újrK idys;Hfhys uq,sl wjOdkhg m;% ù we; iqúfYaI ixl,am
lsysmhls' tajd kï"

• Ñ;a;
• fp;isl
• /m
• Ñ;a;ùÓ

3
 • mÉph
• Ndjkd yd ksíndK

O¾uix.KSmamlrK wÜGl;dfjys úia;r j,g wkqj zis;z mrud¾: i;Hhg wh;a

fõokd" i[a[d" ixLdr" ú[a[K hk ialkaO j,ska iukaú; fjhs' Ñ;a; yd
ffp;islhkaf. tl;=jls' zzÑ;a;.;s wdruuKx Ñf;;;S;s Ñ;;x úcdkkd;s w;af:daZZ
hkqfjka úia;r flfrk —wruqK .ek is;kafkah' wruqK oek.kafkah'—hk w¾:fhka —is;—
kï fjhs' tfiau —Ñk;ku;;x Ñ;;x — hehs —is;Sfï ud;%hu —is; jYfhka w;a:id,sksfha
úia;r flf¾'tu ú.%yhg uq,a jQ O¾uix.kSmamlrKfha is; ms<sn| úia;r oelafjkafka
fufiah' —l:ux ;iañx iufha Ñ;;x fyd;s@ hx hiañx iufh Ñ;a;x ufkda ukix yohx
mKvx udkdh;kx ukskaøshx ú[a[Kx ú[a[dKOd;=x' fuys is; yeÈkaùug jpk rdYshla
Ndú;d ú we;' Ñ;a;" ufkd" udki" mKavr" yoh" ukdh;k" ukskaøsh" ú[a[" ú[a[KOd;=
wd§ kï j,ska yeÈkafjk is;"plaLq" fida;" >dk" ðõyd" ldh uk hk oajdrj,ska we;=¿jk
rEm" Yío" .kaO" ri" iam¾Y" Oïu hk wruqKq weiqrefldgf.ku mj;S'

wei;a rEmh;a plaLq ú[a[Kh;a hk ;=k tlg .eàu ksid we;sjk Miaih;a" tksid
we;sjk fõokdj;a" thska ;Kaydj;a Wmdodkh;a my< fõ' fï l%shdj,sh yd iïnkaO m%n,
fjk ffp;islhla jQ — fÉ;kdj— uQ,sl lrf.k — fÉ;kdyx NslaL fõ lïux jodñ— hehs
oelafõ' tfia iqL" ÿlaL" wÿlaLuiqL fÉ;kd uq,a lrf.ku l=i, is;a my< jk nj ú.%y
flf¾' fï úia;r wkqj is; hkq ks;ru ffp;islhkaf.ka jglr.;a ffp;islhka ksidu
mj;sk ffp;islhkaf.ka .;s ,laIK orkakd jQ tAllhls' tksid is; yd ffp;isl —
tl=mamdo ksfrdaOdp tldruuK j;a:qld— tlg WmÈk tlg ksreoaO jk tlu wruqKla
.kakd jQ iyp¾fhdah' tksid is; —wruufkdm,oê— ,laIKfhka hqla;h' oelSu" weiSu"
wd>%dKh" oekSu" iam¾Yh hk isÿùï lrkakd is;uh' fï w;=ßka Ñ;a; "fp;isl yd ?m hkq
wkslla fkdj mqoa.,hd yd f,dalh ms<sno uq,sl foaYkdj, tk mxpialkaoh nj meyeÈ,sh'

wNsOd¾ñl úia;rhg wkqj is;ys yd ú{dkfha m%fío 89la olajd we;' thska 52la
ffp;isl f,i olajd we;' tajd ;=ka wdldrhlg fnfok w;r tu fn§u my; j.=j ;=<ska

4
olajd we;'

Ñ;a;úÓ hkqfjka woyia lrkafka" Ñ;a;" ffp;isl" rEm i;ajhd ksfhdackh lrkq
,nk mxpialkaOh nj by; úia;r lrk ,È' fuu mxpialkaOh is; uq,a lr.ksñka j¾K"
YíO" .kaO" ri" iam¾Y hk wruqKq y`ÿkd .kS' tajdfha we,Su" .eàu isÿ lrhs' wk;rej tajd
u;l ;nd .ksñka kej; kej; is;ñka" ixLdr f.dvk.d .kshs' tys wjidk m%Óm,h uu
hk ixl,amh f.dvk.d .ekSuhs' bkaøshka u`.ska .kq ,nk o;a;hka wdY%fhka uki ;=<
úkaok" i[a[d" ú;lal" ixLdr" ú[a[dK" yryd uu hk ixl,amh ìysjk wkqms<sfj<"
fya;=M, O¾uhkag fukau" kshdu O¾u w;r Ñ;a; kshduhg wh;a fõ' fuu l%uh" ms<sfj,
wNsO¾ufha§ Ñ;a;úÓ kñka y`ÿkajkq ,nhs'

Ñ;a; - is; $ úÓ - udj;

wdNsO¾ñl Ñ;a;úÓ ixl,amh wkqj m%Odk jYfhka bkaøsh m%;HlaIh isÿjk l%u
folla we;'

• úÓ
• úÓuq;a; jYfhka'

úÓ hkq l=ulaoehs wm by; idlÉPd lf<uq' ukiiy is;=ú<s muKla iïnkaO fjñka
Ydßßl bkaøsh 05 iïnkaOhla fkdue;sj isÿjk bkaøsh m%;HlaI l%shdj,sh ufkdaoajdr úÓ
hkqfjka y`ÿkajkq ,nhs' YdÍßl bkaøsh 05 iïnkaO ù isÿjk l%shdj,sh m[apoajdrúÒ
hkqfjka y`ÿkajhs' fuu m[apoajdr úÓ iy ufkdaoajdr úÓ l%shd;aul jkafka mqoa.,fhl=
Ôj;aj isàkï muKla njo oelaúh hq;=h' mqoa,lfhl= ñh hk úg kej; Wm; isÿjk
udkisl l%shdj,sh Ñ;a;úÓ l%ufhka neyr jk ksid th úÓuq;a; hkqfjka y`ÿkajkq ,nhs'

Ñ;a;úÓ l%shd;aul fkdjk wjia:d f,i" mqoa.,fhl=f.a hï bkaøshla Wm;skau

wdndê; jQ úg" tfiau wi[a[S ;,fhys jdih lrk i;a;ajhskag" rEmjpr" wrEmdjpr"
wmdhN+ñ" hk wjia:djkayS;a fmkajdÈh yelsh'

Ñ;a;úÓ ixl,amfha§ wruqKla ukfiys mj;akd ld,h laIKhla nj i`oyka fõ'

zzixLdrd LKNx.=rdZZ jeks nqoaO foaYkd u`.skao fuh m%;HlaI fõ' fuu tla lIKhla ;=<
wkq,laIK ;=kla úoHdudk jk nj meyeÈ,sh'

• Wmamdo - yg .ekSfï laIKh

• À;slaLK - mej;Sfï laIKh
• Nx.laLK - úkdYùfï laIKh

rEmhl mej;au laIK jYfhka .;a úg tys mej;au Ñ;a;laIK 17lg iudkh' tkï
rEmhla ygf.k" mej;" ke;j hk wjia:dj ;=< is; 17 jrla we;sj mej; ke;sù hhs'

5
 by; i`oyka lr we;s mßÈ m[apoajdr Ñ;a;úÒhla w;suyka;" uyka;" mß;a;"
w;smß;a;" hkqfjka fldgia y;rlg fnfoa' thska w;suyka;" tkï Ñ;a;laIK 17 iïmQ¾K
ùfuka bkaøSh m%;HlaIhg wOd< ú[a[dK fyj;a Ñ;a; 17 WodyrK f,i fï wdldrfhka
oelaúh yelsh'

• mQ¾j Njx.Ñ;a; - wruqKq .ekSug fmr tla Ñ;a;laIKhla miqùu

• Njx.p,k - weig rEmhla fhduqjk úg Njx.Ñ;a; p,kh ù LKavkh ùu'
• m[apoajdrdjÊckÑ;a; - wod< wruqKq wkqj plaLq wd§ fodrgq mfyka tllg wod,j
W;af;ackh ùfï is;la my< ù ke;sj hdu'
• plaLqú[a[dK - weiska rEmh oelSfï is; my<j ksreoaO ùu'
• iïmáck Ñ;a; - wruqKq ms<s.ekSfï is; my<j ksreoaO ùu'
• ika;SrK Ñ;a; - wruqKq mßlaId lsÍfï is; my<j ksreoaO ùu'
• fjd;a:mkÑ;a; - wruqK ms<sn`oj iaÒr ks.ukhlg t<öfï is; my<j ksreoaO ùu'
• cjkÑ;a; - bka wk;rej tu wruqKys ri ú`§ï jYfhka cjk kñka ye`Èkafjk
is;a 7la fõ.fhka my< ù ksreoaO ùu'
• ;odrïuK Ñ;a; - ñka wk;=rej tu wruqKu .ksñka,enQ w;aoelSu ia:djr lsÍfï
is;a folla my< ù ksreoaO fõ'

fuu mßÉfþofha uq,a fldgiska wm idlÉPd lrkq ,enQfha mqoa., is; yeisfrk
wdldrh ms<sn`oj iQ;%dkqidrfhka yd wdNsOïñl Ñ;a; ixl,amh ms<sn`ojhs' tys§ wdNsOïñl
Ñ;a; úNd.h ms<sn`o ie,lsh hq;= lreKq m%udKhla idlaÉPd lf<ñ' fuu is;a ms<sn`oj ksjrÈ
wjfndaOh u`.ska mqoa.,fhl=f.a udkisl úkh ks¾udKh l< yelsh' is;la l%shd;aul jk
wdldrh u`.ska udkislj mqoa.,fhl=f.a p¾Hd yd Tyq .uka .kakd udj; ksis whqßka .uka
lrúh yelsh' fuu is; ms<sn`oj uq,a lr.ksñkau fn!oaO ixialD;sh ;=< wdpdr O¾u
moaO;shlamjd ks¾udKh ù we;'

nqÿoyu mqoa.,hdf.a' udkisl ixj¾Okh flfrys oeä wjOdkhla fhduq lrk nj

m%lg lreKls' tfy;a tA ksidu Tyqf.a YdÍßl l%shdldÍ;ajh wu;l lr oud ke;'
ufkdaukaÈr uQ,slj ldhslj yd jd jdpislj isÿjk uq¿ uy;a udkj p¾hd rgd rgdju
ie,ls,a,g f.k fn!oaO wdpdr O¾u ilia ù we;s nj lsj hq;=h' fuys § úfYaIfhka lemS
fmfkk ,laIKhla kï fn!oaO wdpdr wdpdr O¾u ufkda úoHd;aul miqìula u; ilia ù
;sîuhs' fuys ,laIK m%lg jk foaYkd rdYshlau iQ;% yd úkh msgl hkays olakg ,efí'
wdpdr O¾uj,g nqÿ you wkqj Ndú; jk fmdÿ kduh iS,hhs' iS,h ;=<ska m%Odk jYfhka
mqoa.,hdf.a ldhsl yd jdpisl l%h
s dldÍ;ajhka ixjr Ndjhg fyj;a iu;=,s; njg m;a;r
jkq ,efí' fuu ldhsl yd jdpisl ixjrh fn!oaO wdpdr ud¾.fha fojeks mshjr jk
iudêhg moku i,ihs' iudch hkq mqoa., ukfia iu;=,s; ;;ajh fyj;a tAl.%;dj hhs'
fuu iudê m%;s,dNh ksjerÈ wjfndaOhg fyj;a m%{djg uÕ i,ihs' fï wkqj mqoa., uki

6
fukau YdÍßl p¾hdj o fn!oaO wdpdr ud¾.hg iïnkaO ù we;s wdldrh meyeÈ,s fõ'
fn!oaO wdpdr O¾u yqÿ úYajdi ud;% fyda foaj kshuhka fkdfõ' mqoa.,hdf.a udkisl
ixj¾Okhg idfmalaIl jk whqßka tAjd ilia ù we;' fÉ;kdj l¾uh hehs b.ekaùu óg
fyd|u kso¾Ykhls' lh jpkh hk fodrgq foflka mqoa.,hd laßhd;aul jkafka udkislj
isÿjk Ñka;kuh l%shdj,sfha fufyhùu u;h' fï ksid mqoa., p¾hdjfjys fyd| krl
iNdfõ úksYaph lsÍfuys,d moku jkafka yqÿ l%h
s d ud;%h fkdj Bg miq miqìu jQ fÉ;kdj
fyj;a ud udkisl l%shdldÍ;ajhhs' ke;skï udkisl jYfhka we;s lrjkq ,nk fm<Uùuhs'
my; .d:d foflka újrKh jkafka ñksia is; ms<sn`ojhs' l=vd orejd mgka okakd fuu
.d:dj u`.ska fndfyda iqúi,a wjfndaOhla ,o yelsh'

zzufkda mqínx.ud Oïud - ufkda fiÜGd ufkdauhd

ukid fÉ mÿÜfGak - Ndi;s jd lfrda;s jd

;f;da kx ÿlaLukafõ;s - plalxzj jyf;da moxZZ

^Ouu moh" hul j..h" 01 .d:dj&

zzufkdamqínx.ud Oïud - ufkdafiÜGd ufkdauhd

ukid fÉ mikafkak - Ndi;s jd lfrda;s jd

;f;da kx iqLukafõ;s - PdhdZj wkmdhskSZZ

^Ouu moh" hul j..h" 02 .d:dj&

isf;a l%shdldÍ;ajh uq,a lr.ksñka is; y`ÿk.;a úg th md,kh i`oyd wjYH

l%shdldrlï isÿ l< yelsh' tyÈ Ndjkdj uQ,slu wx.hla f,i oelaúh yelsh'

mqoa.,hdf.a udkisl hymeje;au i|yd fn!oaO ufkdaúoHdj ;=<§ iy nqÿ oyu ;=<§
Wmfhda.s lr.; yels fn!oaO WmfoaYk l%uhla f,ig Ndjkdj y÷kajd Èh yelsh' uq,a nqÿ
iuh ;=< zzNdjkdjZZ hk moh úúO iajrEmfhka fh§ we;s whqre oelsh yelsh' ir,j
.;fyd;a Ndjkdj hkq w¾:j;a O¾uhka j¾Okh lsÍu" ÈhqKq lsÍu" jeÙSu hk woyi
,ndfohs' kdkdúO wruqKq lrd is; ksr;=reju Tn fudn úisr hhs' tA isf;a idudkH
iajNdjhhs' tu úisÍ hk is; l=i,a iy.; wruqKl msysgqjd .ekSu Ndjkdfjka isÿjk uQ,sl
ld¾hhs' fn!oaO m%;smod ud¾.h ;=<ska .; yels w.%M,h jk ishÆ iir ÿla úkdY lr oeóu"
flf,iqkaf.ka is; ksoyia lr .ekSu yd mru i;HdjfndaOh kï jQ ks¾jdKh idlaId;a lr
.ekSug Ndjkdj w;HjYH fõ' nqÿka jykafia foaYkd l< mßÈ uQ,sl jYfhka iu:"
úmiaikd jYfhka Ndjkdj fojeoEreï fjhs' óg wu;rj wdkdmdki;s" ffu;%S Ndjkdj"

7
urKdkqiai;S wd§ úúO Ndjkd l%uhka nqÿ oyu ;=< wka;¾.; fõ' tA iEu Ndjkdjlu
wruqK jkafka mqoa.,hdf.a udkisl iqjh ie,iSuhs'

iu: Ndjkdj

iudê Ndjkdj yd Ñ;a; Ndjkdj hk kïj,ska o ye¢kafõ' Ñ;a; ffp;islhka

wruqfKys ukd fldg msysóu iu: Ndjkdj u.ska isÿ flf¾' hym;a wruqKl is; msysgqjd
is; ikaiqka lr .ekSfï wNHdi l%uhla f,i o fuu Ndjkdj y÷kajdÈh yelsh' iu:
Ndjkdjg fhdod.; yels wruqKq 40la olajd ;sfí' iu: Ndjkdfõ lugyka j¾. 3lg fnod
oelaúh yelsh'

• iajNdúl øjHhla fyda j¾Khla wruqKq lsÍu

• YdÍßl øjHhla wruqKq lsÍu
• hym;a fyda ixfõ.Sh is;=ú,a,la wruqKq lsÍu

iu: Ndjkdj mqoa.,hdf.a udkisl fi!LH i|yd fhdod .kakd wdldrh ms<sn|j úuid
ne,sh hq;=h'

ufkdaúoHd;aul m%;sldr l%uhla jYfhka o Ndjkdj fhdod .efka' Ñ;a; ffp;isl

O¾uhka úúO jQ rEm" Yío wd§ wruqKq lrd úisÍ hEug bvfkd§ tlu wruqKl r|jd ;nd
.ekSu udkisl Yla;sh i|yd wjYH fõ' th mqoa.,hdg m%dfhda.sl Ôú;fha§ ;u lghq;=
id¾:l lr .ekSug fya;= fõ' rd.d§ flf,iaj,ska nß; mqoa.,hdg udkisl iykhla ,eîug
iu: Ndjkdj Wmldß lr.; yelsh' iu: Ndjkdj ;=<ska isf;ys fkdikaiqka nj we;s lrk
mxp kSjrK O¾uhka laf,aIhka hgm;a lrñka mqoa.,hdg ldhsl udkisl jdpisl jYfhka
Ydka;shla ,nd.; yelsh' th mqoa.,hdf.a is; tl wruqKl ;nd .ksñka wgf,daoyfuys
lïmd fkdù Ôú;hg uqyK
q §ug wjYH udkisl Yla;sh iu: Ndjkdfjka ,nd.; yelsh'

;r.ldÍ iudchl Ôj;ajk ñksidf.a is; úúO wruqKq flfrys úisÍ hhs' tu is; tl
wruqKlg f.k lghq;= lsÍug yels ùu mqoa.,hdf.a tÈfkod Ôú;fha§ m%fhdackj;a jkq
ksielh' WodyrKhla jYfhka wOHdmk lghq;=j, ksr;jk YsIH YsIHdjkag ish wOHdmk
lghq;= id¾:lj lr .ekSug úNd. wd;;sh ÿre lr.ekSug u;l Yla;sh j¾Okh lr
.ekSug id¾:lj úNd.j,g uqyqK §ug iu: Ndjkdj Wmfhda.s lr.; yelsh' iu:
Ndjkdfõ§ iu i;<sia l¾uia:dk iqÿiq mßÈ jeÙSfuka mqoa.,hdg ks¾jdKh idlaId;a lr
.ekSug we;s yelshdj iu: Ndjkdfjka j¾Okh fõ'

wdNsOïñl Ñ;a; úNd.h ;=<ska isf;a iajNdjh wjfndaO lr.ekSu u`.ska fuu Ndjkd
l%uhka Ndú;h myiq jk w;r tu`.ka ñksia is; ;=< we;sjk udkisl mSvkh ke;s fldg
ksjqk iy wjfndaOfhka hq;= mqoa.,fhla njg m;a úh yelsh'

8
 ks.ukh
;%s,laIKfhka hq;a f,dalfhys wd;au jYfhka .; hq;= fyda .; yels lsisjla fyda
lsisjl= fkdue;s nj nqÿoyfuys uQ,sl b.ekaùuhs' tkhska ye¢kafjkafka ialkaO
ixialD;shla mu‚' fuys iajrEmh" m%jD;a;sh mD:q, wkaoñka ú.%y lrk nqÿoyu ialkaO
tAllh kdu rEm jYfhka follg fnod olajhs'

i;aj mqoa., kdufhka y÷kajd,k ialkaO tAllfhys ffp;isluh wxYh kdu kñka
iy ldhsluh wxYh rEm kñkq;a .efka' kdu rEm fol tlúg il%Sh;ajhg m;ajk ;rug
oeä iïnkaO;djhla we;af;ah' th Wmudjlska meyeÈ,s lrf;d;a ì;a;rhl lgqj yd lyuoh
fjka fjka jYfhka we;s fkdù tl úgu we;sj j¾Okh jkakdla fuks' kdufha meje;au
we;s úgu rEmfha meje;au isÿjk nj iy kdufhka f;drj rEmhg fyda rEmfhka f;drj
kduhg fkdmeje;sh yels nj fuhska wkdjrKh jk wks;a lreKhs' kdu rEm jYfhka
.efkk ialkaO ixhq;s tAllh fldgia mylska hqla;h' tkï rEm" fõokd ix{d " ixldr "
ú[a[dK hk myhs'

kdu fldgig wka;¾ .; jk ú[a[dKh f,i olajd we;af;a is;hs' is;g nqÿ oyfï
fh§ we;s kï w;r Ñ;a;" ufkda ú[a[dK hk kï m%Odk ;ekla f.k ;sfí' is; yeÈkaùu
i|yd fh§ we;;a tA mo fn§ ;sfnk wjia:d fyd¢ka mÍlaIdlr ne,Sfuka tla;rd
m%udKhlska wdjia:l wiudk¾:l njla o we;s nj wu;l l< hq;= fkdfõ' fn!oaO ufkda
úoHdj mq¿,a f,i yodrk úh;=kag tA ishqï wjia:dj oel .ekSug wjia:dj fhfokq we;'
úYajfhys mj;akd úúO .eg¨ w;r ñksidg uqyqK mEug isÿù we;s fmdÿ ÿla ixis÷jd,Su fï
O¾ufha mrud¾:hls' by; wm idlÉPdjg n`ÿka lrkq ,enQ wdNsOïñl Ñ;a; úNd.h ;=<ska
is; yeisfrk wdldrh ms<sn`o úuiqfjuq' th md,kh lr.kakd wdlrh úuiqfjuq' ñka
ks.ukh jk lreK oeka meyeÈ,s h' tkï fn!oaO o¾Ykfha tk fuu ixl,amhka ish,a,
ufkdaúoHd mokula u; f.dv ke.S we;s njhs'

f,vla iqj ùug ffjoHjrhd úiska fok fnfy; fldf;la ksjrÈ jqj;a fny;
ms<s.kakd mqoa.,hd fnfy; ms<sn`oj úYajdi l, hq;qh' wm i;=j fyd`o ffjoHjrfhlao isà'
ksjrÈ fnfy;o ;sfí' úYajdih yd m%dfhda.sl fhdojd.ekSu ms<sn`oj m%Yakd¾;hla ;nñka
wdNsOïñl Ñ;a; úNd.fha ufkdaúoHd;aul moku kQ;k ufkdaúoHd;aul wx.hka mrhd
f,djg ìys jQ wk¾> o¾Ykhla nj ks.ukh lrkafkñ'

9
 wdY%S; .%ka: kdudj,sh

1 wNsO¾u úu¾Yk wxlh" 22 l,dmh" 1991" Y%S ,xld rcfha uqøK

fomd¾;=fïka;=j'
2 fldaka.ia;ekafka" wdkkao ysñ" fn!oaO ufkdaúoHdj" 2005
3 ksjkau. 43 l,dmh" Ñ;a; úNd.h" 2012
4 nqoaO chka;s ;%smsgl ud,dj" wx.=;a;r ksldh"
5 nqoaO chka;s ;%smsgl ud,dj" wx.=;a;r ksldh"
6 fn,a,kaú," úu,r;k" m%Ndiajr is; hkq l=ulao" fld<U 03" 2016
7 ufkdúoHdfõ wdrïNh"úYh iajNdjh yd .=rel=," m%;sudk isõjk l,dmh"
1996
8 iqukmd," .,aukaf.dv" wdNsOïñl újrK" Èjq,msáh" 2008

10