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FINDING OUT THE DIFFERENCES IN PROPERTIES AND EFFECTS OF ORGANIC

VS. CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS

A Research Paper
Presented to the Faculty of Iponan National High School

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for English, Science and Mathematics Subjects

Submitted by:

Miki B. Kabaya
Sherra M. Estrologo
Efril P. Ogcang
Bea L. Abragan
Franz L. Baclayon
Clark L. Campomanes
Phillip P. Smith
Dejic M. Sabo

June, 2023
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APPROVAL SHEETS

This Research Paper entitled,

,prepared and submitted by
Miki B. Kabaya
Sherra M. Estrologo
Efril P. Ogcang
Bea L. Abragan
Franz L. Baclayon
Clark L. Campomanes
Phillip P. Smith
Dejic M. Sabo
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for English, Science and Mathematics Subjects,
has been examined and is recommended for Oral Examination.

Mrs. Josie Rubin Mrs. Marvie C. Vacalares Mrs. Nerissa R. Driz

English Subject Teacher Science Subject Teacher Math Subject Teacher

PANEL OF EXAMINERS

Approved by the Committee on Oral Examination with a grade of ______

_______________________
Chairman

__________________ _________________________
Member Member

Approved and accepted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for English,

Science and Mathematics Subjects

June 2, 2023
Date of Final Defense
ABSTRACT
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The abstract should provide a brief overview of the contents of your paper, with

sufficient detail to help readers decide whether to read the full text. Limit your abstract

to 250 words. The abstract addresses the following (usually 1–2 sentences per topic):

a clearly stated thesis statement or research question; research methods used (for

example: primary source documents, personal interviews or surveys, scholarly journal

articles, newspaper sources, etc.); study results; implications (i.e., why this topic is

important, future developments expected in this topic area). Your abstract should

appear on the second page of the paper, with the word Abstract centered and in bold

(as a Level 1 section heading) on the first line of the page. Text begins one line

below the section heading (Do not include extra spaces or lines.) The paragraph is

not indented. It appears as a single, double-spaced paragraph.

Keywords: up to 5 keywords should be listed here

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Pag

TITLE PAGE i

APPROVAL SHEET iii

ABSTRACT v

TABLE OF CONTENTS vi

CHAPTER

1 THE PROBLEM & BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Background of the study 1

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Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM & BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

As the title shows, this paper will be a discussion on finding out the differences

between organic and chemical fertilizers. For many centuries. People have been using

organic fertilizers like animal manure, compost, and plants, offer a natural approach to

nourishing the soil and enriching it with essential nutrients, fostering long-term fertility.

That was

Introductory paragraph here. Begin your paper with the paper title at the top of

the first page of text. This Level 1 heading is centered and bolded in title case. Do not

use the heading “Introduction.” Introduce your topic, giving relevant details such as who

it affects, as well as where and for how long it has been an issue. Include the

background of the study, significance of conducting this research problem, and the

scope of your study. End this paragraph with your research statement or question.

Topic Overview/ Background of the study

The first line of each paragraph W|of your paper begins with a ½” indentation.

(Use the Tab button.) Do not label headings with numbers or letters. Each new section

of your paper should have a new Level 1 heading. For example, if your sections are

Conceptual Framework, Review of Related Literature, Methodology, Results and

Discussion, Conclusion and Recommendation, and References, those sections

would all have the same heading level (Level 1 headings).

Research Objectives
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The main objectives of this research study are:

1.

2.

3.

Conceptual Framework

Schematic Diagram

Independent Variable Dependent

Variable

Figure 1.1: Schema of the study showing the relationship of the variables

Start your conceptual framework by describing the independent variable (or the

presumed cause), and the dependent variable (presumed effect/result). Variable names

have to be laid out clearly and put into rectangles, variables have to be connected with

lines and arrows, and the arrowheads will differ depending on the nature of the

relationships. Single-head arrows are for one-directional relationships (i.e. A affects B

and B does not affect A), and double-headed arrows are for relationships that are 2-

directional (i.e. A affects B and B also affects A). Also, lines do not have to be limited to

connecting only 2 variables (i.e. A and B); some relationships can be between more
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variables (i.e. A affects B and also C). Below are examples of schematic diagram

showing the variables:

The Input-Process-Output (IPO) Model

Figure 1.2 illustrates the IPO Model used in this study.

Definition of Terms
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Chapter II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Literature reviews are a collection of the most relevant and significant

publications regarding that topic in order to provide a comprehensive look at what has

been said on the topic and by whom. For this paper, the RRL section can be 2 to 3

pages from 5 to 6 sources. Only include literature from reliable sources such as

scholarly articles, books, conventions, conferences, dissertations, and theses with

reputable, credible, and authoritative sources. Information must be properly cited (in-text

citation) and every source you cite in the text of your paper must also appear in

the References page at the end of your paper.

Local Studies

Level 2 headings are left-justified and bolded. They should be used for subtopics

of Level1 headings. This is used to categorize local studies from foreign studies.

Foreign Studies
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It is important to note that the level 2 headings: Local Studies and Foreign

Studies are not the only headings the researcher can use. Depending on the topic, a

different level 2 heading can be considered. The RRL should end in a paragraph that

summarizes all cited studies and interpret them in terms of your own research problem.

Chapter III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The methodology section of your paper describes how your research was

conducted. This includes how the materials were used, what observations were

gathered and how these observations were processed to formulate a conclusion in

relation to the problem investigated. Your methodology should begin by describing your

research question and the type of data you used in answering it. You want to indicate

why this type of data is appropriate, relevant, and important to the question being

asked. You will then explain your process of data collection. This is the place to state

the tools and materials that were used to collect data, the process and criteria you used

to sample subjects, and the size of your sample. If your research was quantitative, you

will specify how your data was measured. After describing data collection, you will

elaborate on data analysis. This includes how you prepared the data for analysis and
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what tools you used to analyze it. If your research was quantitative, you will outline the

mathematical calculations you performed. You will also explain why your calculations

were appropriate for the data and the research question in hand. For this paper, the

following level 2 headings can be used:

Materials and Procedure

Data Collection Method

Sampling Method

Data Analysis

Chapter 4

PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

In the results section of your academic paper, you present what you found when

you conducted your analyses, whereas in your discussion section you explain what your

results mean and connect them to prior research studies. In other words, the results

section is where you describe what you did, and the discussion sections is where you

describe what this means for the field. The results section should include the findings of

your study and be presented using text supported by tables, charts, graphs and other

figures. Below are sample tables and graph with annotations:

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The results section should answer the questions or prove the thesis statement

which is previously mentioned in the introduction. Use the data gathered from your

experiment and/or survey to support your answer. If there are inconsistencies in your

data, make sure to explain what caused the errors or inconsistencies. Also compare

your findings from previous studies and identify if you were able to achieve the purpose

of your study.
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Chapter 5

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Summary of Findings

Conclusion

Conclude your paper by summing up and re-stating your point. A final quote from a

relevant source may be used here. Now is the time to bring home your argument by

tying together all the threads you’ve woven in the course of your paper – not the time to

introduce a new argument or thesis. Check your References page to be sure that it

shows all the sources used in your paper, and that your References page does not

list any sources that you didn’t cite in the text of your paper. Good luck with your

project. Visit the Library Home Page if you need more help.

Recommendations
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REFERENCES

Author, A.A. (Year). Title of web article in sentence case and in italics. Website Name.

https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/references/examples/

webpage-website-references

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of book or ebook. Publisher. https://apastyle.apa.org/style-

grammar-guidelines/references/examples/book-references

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of article. Title of Journal,

Volume (Issue), pp - pp. https://monroecollege.libguides.com/ld.php?

content_id=67556646

Screenname or Channel Name. (YEAR). Title of video in sentence case and in italics.

[Video]. YouTube.

https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/references/examples/youtube-

references