Full Name(s): and (19) on from one generation to the next by (20) of mouth or written

_______________________________
record.
_______________________________
1 a gathering c party
Multiple Choice Cloze b group d congregation
2 a who c these
The question of how
b they d whom
human beings organize themselves in 3 a defy c define
order to live together successfully is b defile d destroy
an interesting one. 4 a other c another
b each d person
A human society is, 5 a At c One

essentially, a (1) of people living b In d For

together (2) share a language and a 6 a bottom c root

b basic d exact
system of rules and customs that (3)
7 a Only c Several
their obligations toward one (4). This
b One d Each
is, of course, an over-simplification.
8 a primitive c primate
(5) instance, every individual is also a
b premature d prime
member of a family -- the (6) unit of 9 a do c have
social organization. (7) adult works to b form d build
support himself or herself and, often, 10 a at c up
his or her family as well. In a (8) b in d by
society, most adults grow or catch 11 a out c up

their own food, make their own tools b it d them

12 a then c after
and (9) their own shelters. As societies
b so d that
grow (10) complexity, however, work
13 a beyond c after
ceases to be generalized and is divided
b past d further
(11) into a growing variety of
14 a shape c aspect
specialized functions -- food growing, b nature d characteristic
building, religion and (12) on -- which 15 a from c after
are (13) the scope of any one person. b with d by
The (14) of each society is defined 16 a what c that
(15) the system of techniques and b few d always

tools (16) people develop to change 17 a make c arrange

nature and (17) it habitable. These b do d find

18 a lot c collection
techniques and tools make up a (18) of
b group d body
social knowledge that is developed
19 a given c sent
b handed d delivered
20 a message c word
 b technique d method dances. Ballads were (19), with solo verses and a chorus clapping (20) hands, to
accompany ornately choreographed dances.
Full Name(s): 1 a reveal c uncover
_______________________________ b expose d show
_______________________________
2 a originally c once
Multiple Choice Cloze b gradually d last

The word choreography was 3 a classes c groups

first used in France in the 6th century b associations d collections

when it was derived from the Greek words 4 a still c continually

for choral dancing and writing. It meant b since d more

the use of symbols to (1) movements and 5 a much c lots

figures in dancing. This meaning was (2) b many d few

extended to include ballet and the steps 6 a early c then

and movements of various individuals and b first d shortly

(3) of dancers. Today it has been widened 7 a that c which

(4) further to include modern dance of (5) b who d whose

kinds. 8 a evidence c records

The art of choreography b recordings d diaries

dates back to very early times, when 9 a originating c inventing

people (6) began to dance in circles or b proceeding d ordering

spirals, or in lines (7) intersections would 10 a Seemingly c So

gradually lead to more and more b Since d Such

complicated figures. There are (8) of very 11 a in c as

ancient organized dancing, probably (9) in b to d like

India and introduced into the 12 a remarkable c material

Mediterranean by the Chaldeans (10) b important d serious

dances were known to the Egyptians, and 13 a about c together

in Greece dance was looked upon (11) b onto d with

having a close connection with poetry and 14 a along c into

music, and was (12) in education. In b past d on

Roman times, choreography became 15 a self c just

merged (13) pantomime and the decline b only d itself

continued (14) the Middle Ages when 16 a do c must

dancing (15) fell into disrepute and was b have d where

sternly opposed by the Church. Only at the 17 a on c about

end of the Middle Ages (16) we find a b in d considering

renewal of interest, evident (17) the 18 a slower c last

measured movements of the ballets at the b once d later

courts of Provence, France and Italy. More 19 a sang c sung

widespread interest developed (18), with b sing d singing

the advent of 13th and 14th century round 20 a in c its

b the d his
Reading Comprehension

Scientists probing beneath the surface of the Yucatan in Mexico have discovered evidence of the biggest collision
in the inner solar system for the past billion years. They are claiming that they have conclusive proof of the event that
wiped out the dinosaurs.

Using sophisticated gravity meters, scientists have detected evidence of a crater 185 miles in diameter and 15
miles deep, beneath 1,000 feet of rocks and soil. This makes it the biggest crater known on Earth, and it is almost certainly
evidence that an asteroid or comet, possibly ten miles across, slammed into the Earth at an extremely high speed and
wiped out 60-80% of all species. The crater is believed to date from the end of the Cretaceous era, 65 million years ago,
after which no dinosaur fossils have been found.

Although identified by oil geologists in 1981, the crater remained a commercial secret until 1992. Geologists then
measured a pattern of gravitational anomalies and were confident they had found the biggest crater on Earth.

A group of scientists have revealed that a study of 7,000 variations in gravity confirmed that the crater was bigger
than the solar system record - held by Venus - and probably bigger than any since the formation of the planet. If it is, this
could confirm that the impact may have ended the dinosaurs' 120-million-year reign, giving the final twist to a long
detective story.

According to the passage, which of these statements is true?

a The crater was kept a secret for business reasons.

b The crater was discovered in 1992.
c Geologists first thought the crater was small.
d The crater is the size of Venus.

What event are scientists connecting their discovery with?

a The formation of craters on Venus.

b The extinction of the dinosaurs.
c The beginning of the Cretaceous era.
d The discovery of gravity.

What have scientists discovered in Mexico?

a A huge comet.
b A massive collision.
c Evidence of a large crater.
d The biggest asteroid in the universe.

The size of the crater was calculated…

a by making a pattern.
b by measuring gravitational abnormalities.
c by dating dinosaur fossils.
d by revealing 7,000 variations in gravity.

If this is the biggest crater on Earth, it could prove that dinosaurs...

a are extinct.
b died of natural causes.
c died because of climatic changes.
d were made extinct by an object from space.