Nature of the Problem in Community Health
Nursing Process
● Health Status Problem
○ Increased/Decreased Morbidity, etc.
○ Increased teenage pregnancy, HIV
cases etc.
● Health Resources Problem
○ Lack of resources to solve problems
Lack of manpower
● Health-Related Problems
○ Existence of political, environmental
factors affecting the health
○ Political wars
○ Increase air or water pollution
Prioritization of Community Health Nursing
Problems
● Data Collection, collation, presentation,
analaysis
Assess
● Familiarization Assessment: Wound
shield assessment. We go and roam around
the community
● Problem-Oriented: Focused on the existing
problems in the community. Numbers of
having HTN, diarrhea
● Community subsystem assessment:
Based when u want to study a specific
secTor in the community. Example:
Religious sectors
● Comprehensive Assessment Assess the
community in general
● Asset Assessments: Focused on the
strength of the community
Prioritization
● Nature of the problem
○ Health statues, resources, related
(3,2,1)
● Magnitude
○ Severity of the problem measured
in proportion
○ 1000 population, 200 got Covid
20% affected.
■ <25% = 1
■ 25%-49%: 2
■ 50%-74%: 3
■ 75% - 100%: 4
○ exploited and strugling
● Modifiability of the problem
○ The ability to reduce, control, or
eradicate the problem.
○ Current knowledge, technology,
intervention
○ Resources of the family and nurse,
community
● Preventive potential
○ Future problems that can be
minimized or totally prevented.
○ Gravity or severity
○ Duration
○ Current Management
○ Exposure or any vulnerable or
high-risk group.
● Social Concern
○ Perception of the population as they
are affected by the problem and their
readiness to act on problem.
○ Urgent (2)
○ (Not needing urgent attention (1)
○ Not a community problem (0)
Community Health Nursing Care Plan
Data Analysis
● Establish trends and patterns in terms of
health needs
● Comparison of obtained data with standard
value
● Determining interrelationship factors
● View problems and implications in the
community.
Discussion is same as the Introduction
COPAR Phases- Pre-entry Phase
● Main activity: the site selection
○ Check or select now which
Community are we going to cater or
where are we going to immerse and
conduct now your co-par
● Formulation of goals objectives and targets
so the formulation of goals objectives and
targets
○ Training
○ Establish Critria (DOPES, PSI)
○ Depressed, oppressed, poor,
 ○ Safe,
○ Less then 100 empowered families
○ Adapt to change and di takot
magbago
○ PSI: Preliminary social investigation
(Secondar data) before going to the
community is the collection of
secondary data about community in
the registrar's office.
○ PSI to give an idea what to expect in
the community
○ Community Baseline Study
○ Courtery Calss (Barangay
officials) ask permission to the
officials informing them
○ Ocular inspection
■ Familiarized assessment,
spot map
■ Give idea what to expect in
the community by observing
community surrounding
● Community profiling
○ Knowing the house and location of
the individuals
● Community assembly
○ Informing the community about the
program that we’re going to do
● Coordination with the LGU
○ Selection of foster family
○ Live with the community and family
COPAR Phase: Entry Phase
Objective: Arrival and integration on the
community
Activities: Establish rapport with the people
● Information dissemination
○ Inform about the arrival and the
tasks that need to be done.
○ Immersion or living with
people/social preparation
● DSI: (Primary Data)
○ Information directly from the people,
problems, concerns about health
● Core group formation (SALT)
○ Leader of the organization,
trustworthy
○ Able to read and write, willing to
sacrifice time and go around in the
community and offer help
○ Core group will undergo training
which is SELF AWARENESS AND
LEADERSHIP TRAINING (Level 1
Training
○ Levels of Training
■ SALT
■ Basic Health Skills Training
● How to VS
■ Project Management Training
■ Specialized Health Skills
Training (Basic assessment,
first aids)
■ Advanced Health Skills
Trainings
● For barangay health
workers
COPAR PHASE: Community Research Phase
● Objective: Problem Identification
● Activities: Formation of research tem
4 M’s: Manpower, money, machinery , material
● Research team training
● Community Validation (Actual
study/Diagnosis)
● Summarize of results
○ Present and summarize the
results
● Presentation of Results or Solutions
Recommendations
● Presentation first before analysis, we
have to involve the community people in
the decision making.
● During presentation, social concern ang
pinaka inaalam natin.
● Prioritization of community
needs/problems for action
COPAR PHASE - 4th Phase: ORGANIZATION,
ACTION, AND SUSTAINABILITY PHASE
Objective: Creation of the Community Health
Organization or Core Group
Activities: Election of officers
● Tranings of leaders and membeers to
develop capabilities
 ● Organization of working committess and
tasks groups. Establishing
● Team building and Action - Reflection -
Actions - Sessions (ARAS)

COPAR PHASE: COMMUNITY ACTION PHASE

Objective: Mobilization with the people
Activities: Identification of research mobilization
schemes and development of problems

● Settings/Establishing Networks, linkages

and referrals: Advocate of the programs
● Provide solution to the problems or needs
● Program/project implementation and
Monitory Evaluation (PIME)
● Project Management
○ Managemnt of programs created
● Developing of criteria for selection of
CHW’S to address problems
● Selection, Organization and Training of
CHW’s

COPAR PHASE: SUSTENANCE AND

STRENGHTENING PHASE

Objectives: Mobilization by the people

Activities: Continuing Education of Ccommunity
leaders, CHO and CHW

● Self reliant community, the program should

be continuous and sustainable
● Continously educating the leaders
● Formulate constitution by laws/
management procedures. Register with
security and exchange
commission/accredition from LGU
● Institutionalize cooperatives/
socio-economic structures, livelihood
projects, financial schemes.
● Formalize networks, linkages and referrals
● Retrain of members and recognized
secondary leaders.
● Beginning of termination/phase out and let
the people exercise self-reliance.
○ For them to know that they should
be dependence
● COPAR’s main goal: The community will
develop self reliance and development.