TYPICAL AND ATYPICAL DEVELOPMENT DURING INFANCY

(birth to 2 years old)

DOMAINS TYPICAL ATYPICAL
 Holds head without support  Does not hold head up
 Pushes legs down when feet are on flat  Does not put weight on legs
surface  Cannot sit without support
 Rolls over  Does not walk steadily
Physical
 Sits without support
 Crawls
 Walks
 Begins to run
 Smiles at people  Does not smile
 Likes to play  Shows no affection
 Shy or afraid of strangers  Does not recognize familiar people
Socio-Emotional
 Cries when caregiver leaves
 Copies others
 Shows independence
 Makes cooing and babbling sounds  Does not coo and babble
 Responds to own name  Does not say a single word
 Makes different sounds  Does not speak in sentences
Language
 Responds to simple requests
 Tries to say words
 Says sentences
 Watches things as they move  Does not watch things as they move
 Uses eyes and hands together  Does not know what to do with
 Recognizes people at a distance common objects
 Transfers object from one hand to
Cognitive
another
 Explores things in various ways
 Uses things correctly (eats with spoon)
 Finds hidden things
TYPICAL AND ATYPICAL DEVELOPMENT DURING EARLY CHILDHOOD
(3 to 8 years old)
DOMAINS TYPICAL ATYPICAL
 Runs well  Falls down often
 Climbs easily  Needs help in physical activities
Physical
 Hops and stands on one foot
 Can use toilet on his/her own
 Shows affection  Does not want to play with others
 Takes turns in games  Usually withdrawn
Socio-Emotional  Cooperates with other children
 Shows concern and sympathy
 Shows more independence
 Follows two or three step instructions  Has unclear speech
 Uses pronouns  Can’t tell stories articulately
Language
 Tells and retell stories
 Speaks clearly
 Plays make-believe  Does not play with simple toys or
 Works with simple toys make-believe
 Names colors and numbers  Loses skills once had
Cognitive
 Draws a person
 Names letters
 Shows development of mental skills

TYPICAL AND ATYPICAL DEVELOPMENT DURING MIDDLE CHILDHOOD

(9 to 11 years old)
DOMAINS TYPICAL ATYPICAL
  Growth spurt may take place  Has limited mobility
Physical  Becomes clumsy
 Increased appetite
 Forms stronger friendships  Has difficulty making and keeping
 Becomes aware of body changes due to friends
Socio-Emotional puberty
 Shows more concern about looks
 May feel stressed about school work
 Continues to speak clearly  Has unclear speech
Language
 Expresses one’s thought articulately
 Can’t tell stories articulately
 Increased attention span  Experiences problems with
 Sees the view of other people more comprehension and attention
Cognitive
clearly  Unable to keep up with the school’s
curriculum
TYPICAL AND ATYPICAL DEVELOPMENT DURING ADOLESCENCE
(12 to 18 years old)
DOMAINS TYPICAL ATYPICAL
Physical  Reaches adult weight and height  Limited mobility
 Becomes interested in opposite sex  Has limited peer connections
Socio-Emotional  Begins conflict with parents  May exhibit inappropriate behavior in
 Shows more independence from parents public
 Continues to speak clearly  Has unclear speech
Language
 Expresses one’s thought articulately  Can’t tell stories articulately
 Acquires and uses defined work habits  Is below grade level
Cognitive
 Shows concern about the future