SECTION 3.

0 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

3.1 CPU Overview.........................................................................................................1

3.1.1 Side Panel CPU (IB21)...........................................................................2
3.1.2 Monitor CPU (PC 16/17) ........................................................................3
3.1.3 Control CPU (PC18) ...............................................................................4
3.1.4 UFC CPU (PC19) ...................................................................................5
3.1.5 Heparin Pump (PC10A) .........................................................................6
3.1.6 Blood Pump (PC9B)...............................................................................6
3.1.7 Single Needle Option (PC8E/PC9E)....................................................7
3.1.8 Pressure Control/Display (IB06/07).......................................................8
3.2 Side Panel...............................................................................................................9
3.2.1 Data Cartridge (Optional).......................................................................9
3.2.2 Concentrate Select..................................................................................9
3.2.3 Sodium Select .........................................................................................9
3.2.4 Bicarbonate Select..................................................................................10
3.2.5 Message Display.....................................................................................10
3.2.6 Function Keys ..........................................................................................10
3.2.7 Tech Data Review Keys .........................................................................15
3.3 Troubleshooting the Side Panel............................................................................17
3.3.1 Cartridge ..................................................................................................17
3.3.2 Display/Keypad .......................................................................................17
3.3.3 Rotary Knobs ...........................................................................................17

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 3.0 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

3.1 CPU OVERVIEW The 1550 system (Figure 3-1) is designed around three main
68000 processors: Control, Monitor, and UFC. In addition to
handling specific inputs and outputs, the three CPU's
communicate privately over a separate bus. Four additional
dedicated processors are used for the following:
Š Smart Connection (68HC11)
Š Blood Pump (1802)
Š Heparin Pump (1802)
Š Pressure Displays (1802)
This design approach allows for rapid processing of data by
sharing the tasks. It also provides for software programs that
include multi-processor cross checks which enhance patient
safety. An additional benefit lies in the modular approach in
that, if one system is defective (e.g., UFC Controller), the 1550
does not simply shut down. In most cases it will indicate that
there is a problem, but the treatment can continue with manual
assistance. Even in the worst cases, treatment can be ended in
a controlled manner.

Figure 3-1. The 1550 Architecture

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1550 SERVICE MANUAL

Some data is input to more than one main processor. For

example, the Side Panel contains three multi-position switches
that determine many of the treatment parameters. These
switches are "ganged" (having more than one layer). One gang
inputs to the Control CPU (PC18) and a second gang inputs to
the Monitor CPU (PC17). In this manner, the switch can be
monitored and reacted to simultaneously by both processors.
Also note that if part of the switch were defective, software
cross checking would instantly detect a conflict and react
appropriately to protect the patient.

PC16/17, PC18, and PC19 have 4-digit displays on the boards.

These displays can show various information by using the
SHIFT, SCROLL and rotary switches located on the boards.
For details on accessing this information, see the labels
mounted inside the rear door of the 1550 (reproduced in
Appendix C.

3.1.1 Side Panel CPU One function of IB21 is to gather data from the front door
(IB21) arterial, venous, and transmembrane pressure monitors, and
from the Monitor CPU (PC17), and send it to the Renal Link
on request over a fiber optic connection. It also displays all
Side Panel messages on its 16-character display. Operator
input via the 16 button key pad is sent to IB21. THE
SCHEMATIC FOR IB21, 157-1238-962, CAN BE FOUND
IN APPENDIX F.

Figure 3-2. Side Panel CPU

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 SECTION 3, FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

3.1.2 Monitor CPU (PC The primary function of the Monitor CPU (PC17) (Figure 3-3)
16/17) is to directly control the system initialization (startup
sequence), Smart Connection communications to IB21, patient
safety monitoring and all system displays except UFC. It also
monitors UFC and Control for overall system status.
The Monitor controls the startup sequence by holding the
Controller and UFC in reset while the Monitor CPU goes
through its initialization routine and performs a lamp test.
After the CPU has completed its initialization checks, it
removes the reset from the Controller and UFC. They then also
go through their respective initialization routines and, once
completed, signal back to the Monitor that they are both
running. This whole sequence happens every time the 1550 is
turned on and takes approximately 14 seconds. After this
startup sequence is complete, the Monitor then powers up the
hydraulic components and the user will hear the pumps and
motors begin running.
The dip switch (SW3) on PC16 is for customizing the
operation of the 1550. The pins are used as follows.
Pin Use Referencee
1-6 Set machine # if 1550 used with PC16/17/18
Smart Connection Rear Door
Label
(Appendix C)
7 Set whether or not MUTE button Section 18.3
can be pressed to acknowledge
User Notices
8 Customizes User Notices relating Section 18.3
to Sodium Button
9 Used as "shift" key for displaying PC16/17/18
information on 4-Digit Display Rear Door
Label
(Appendix C)
10 User Notice for cartridge
In the electronic sense, PC16 Input/Output (I/O) is part of the
Monitor CPU system. The I/O is on a separate PC board due
only to physical space limitations. THE SCHEMATICS
FOR PC16 AND PC17 ARE 157-1238-994 AND 157-1238-
993 IN APPENDIX E.

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1550 SERVICE MANUAL

Figure 3-3. Monitor CPU

3.1.3 Control CPU The primary function of the Control CPU (Figure 3-4) is to
(PC18) control the A/B and W/A Proportioners, the disinfect process,
fluid temperatures, and dialysate flowrate operations. It reports
its system status and any control problems directly to the
Monitor CPU. THE SCHEMATIC FOR THIS BOARD IS
157-1238-992 IN APPENDIX E.

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 SECTION 3, FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

Figure 3-4. Control CPU

3.1.4 UFC CPU (PC19) The primary function of the UFC CPU (Figure 3-5) is to
directly control fluid removal based on the desired treatment
parameters. It reports system status and any UFC problems
directly to the Monitor CPU. THE SCHEMATIC FOR
THIS BOARD IS 157-1238-991 IN APPENDIX E.

Figure 3-5. UFC CPU

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1550 SERVICE MANUAL

3.1.5 Heparin Pump The Heparin Pump (Figure 3-6) controls the infusion of anti-
(PC10A) coagulant (heparin) into the blood lines. Based on the
manufacturer of the syringe and the rate selected, the stepper
motor will move the syringe plunger to deliver the prescribed
amount of heparin. THE SCHEMATIC FOR PC10A IS
157-1238-988 IN APPENDIX E.

Figure 3-6. The Heparin Pump

3.1.6 Blood Pump The primary function of the Blood Pump CPU (PC09) is to
(PC9B) read the speed control potentiometer (R14) and control the
Blood Pump Motor rotational speed to achieve the desired
flow. THE SCHEMATIC FOR PC9B IS 157-1235-986 IN
APPENDIX E.

Figure 3-7. The Blood Pump

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 SECTION 3, FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

3.1.7 Single Needle The purpose of the Single Needle Blood Pump CPU (PC08E)
Option (PC8E/PC9E) and I/O (PC09E) boards is to control the average blood
flowrate and control the arterial and venous phases. The
arterial and venous blood pumps are controlled to provide the
average blood flowrate read by the blood pump speed
potentiometer. The venous phase starts when the accumulator
bag fills (venous pressure rises exponentially to 80 mmHg).
The duration of the venous phase is controlled by the "turns
adjustment" to return the accumulated blood back to the
patient. THE SCHEMATIC FOR PC8E IS 157-1235-987
AND FOR PC9E IS 157-1235-983 IN APPENDIX E.

Figure 3-8. Single Needle Option Blood Pump Control

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1550 SERVICE MANUAL

3.1.8 Pressure The Pressure Display board (IB07) displays data from the
Control/Display (IB06/07) Pressure Control board (IB06) and reads venous, arterial, and
dialysate pressures. It displays the pressures on meters and
trend indicators. If pressures exceed limits, it will produce an
alarm. REFERENCE SCHEMATICS 157-1237-974 AND
157-1237-959 FOR IB06 AND IB07 IN APPENDIX F.

Figure 3-9. Pressure Display

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 SECTION 3, FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

3.2 SIDE PANEL The Side Panel is used to monitor and adjust dialysis settings
and 1550 functions. See Figure 3-10 for the location of the
following Side Panel features.

Figure 3-10. Side Panel

3.2.1 Data Cartridge Contains patient prescription information and 1550 set-up
(Optional) requirements for each treatment, machine setup data, or
Eventlog data. See Section 17 for general information, or the
Cartridge Programmer Manual for programming information.

3.2.2 Concentrate Select Used in Normalize or Dialyze Mode to select the type of
concentrate or bath to be used.

3.2.3 Sodium Select Used during Normalize or Dialyze Mode to adjust the sodium
level.

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1550 SERVICE MANUAL

3.2.4 Bicarbonate Select Used in bicarbonate dialysis during Normalize or Dialyze

Mode to adjust the bicarbonate level. The green LED directly
to the left of the words "Bicarb Select" is on when the
concentrate selected is a bicarb bath.

3.2.5 Message Display A 16-digit display used to convey information relating to the
function of the 1550.

3.2.6 Function Keys

Used during Normalize or Dialyze Mode to view Concentrate

A for dialysis. Display shows the user-defined name of
Concentrate A. Use the scan keys (up/down) to display the
type and chemical ingredients of Concentrate A.

Used during Normalize or Dialyze Mode to view Concentrate

B for dialysis. Display shows the user-defined name of
Concentrate B. Use the scan keys (up/down) to display the
type and chemical ingredients of Concentrate B.

Used during Normalize or Dialyze Mode to view Concentrate

C for dialysis. Display shows the user-defined name of
Concentrate C. Use the scan keys (up/down) to display the
type and chemical ingredients of Concentrate C.

Used during Normalize or Dialyze Mode to view Concentrate

D for dialysis. Display shows the user-defined name of
Concentrate D. Use the scan keys (up/down) to display the
type and chemical ingredients of Concentrate D.

Press to display SET XX.X IS XX.X where SET XX.X is the

conductivity setting and IS XX.X is the current conductivity
value in mS/cm. (Functions only in Normalize and Dialyze
Modes.) Press scan keys (up/down) to toggle between acid
conductivity (ACID XX.X IS XX.X) and total conductivity
(when a bicarbonate concentrate is selected).

Press TEMP in Normalize or Dialyze Mode mode to display

SET XX.X IS XX.X. SET XX.X is the dialysate temperature
that is entered by the operator. IS XX.X is the actual dialysate
temperature. To adjust dialysate temperature, press scan keys
(up/down) until desired temperature is displayed, then press
ENTER.

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 SECTION 3, FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

Press to display dialysate flowrate, e.g., SET 500 IS 493.

Used in Normalize or Dialyze Mode mode to display and
change the dialysate flowrates from 350 ml/min to 700 ml/min.
Press the scan keys (up/down) to adjust dialysate flowrate to
the desired level, then press ENTER.

Press BLOOD to display TOTAL BLD XX.X L (in Dialyze

Mode only). This value is the total blood processed for the
current or previous treatment. This value is zeroed when the
START button is pressed to begin a new treatment. Press scan
keys (up/down) to display the blood flowrate, BLOOD XXX
ML/MIN.

Press DATA REVIEW to view three different types of data.

The first display will show DATA REVIEW. Press scan keys
(up/down) to scroll the types of data available:
System 3 System 4
OPER EVENT LOG ACTUAL CONC DATA
MACHINE DATA CARTRIDGE DATA
CARTRIDGE DATA OPER EVENT LOG
MACHINE DATA

Press ENTER to view the data shown.

Alarms are shown in a two-line format, beginning with the

OPER EVENT LOG most recent. Line 1 gives the alarm code, date and time the
alarm began. (Example: C410 06/23 13:00) Line 2, which
can be displayed by pressing ENTER, gives the time the alarm
ended and operating state of the machine. (Example: 13:09
010304) If the alarm has not been cleared, the second line will
display the word ACTIVE instead of an end time. (Example:
ACTIVE 010304) ENTER can be pressed again to return to
Line 1 if desired. See Appendix A for alarm codes.

SCAN down wraps to the next previous alarm. The system

stores 100 alarms. When more have occurred, the earliest is
dropped. SCAN up wraps to messages OPER LOG START
and END OF OPER LOG, then to the first alarm stored.

SKIP returns to DATA REVIEW menu.

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1550 SERVICE MANUAL

MACHINE DATA SCAN down advances to: TOTAL PRESSES: X

This is the number of sodium button activations allowed.
Legal values are 0-7.
SCAN down advances to: NA BUTTON MSGS: N
This sets whether sodium button messages are displayed. It can
be set for yes (Y) or no (N).
SCAN down advances to: MACHINE NO. XX
The first display identifies the machine number for Smart
Connection (see Appendix D). This number can be set on
PC16 Switch 3.
SCAN down advances to: SYRINGE TYPE: X
This value must be set in the service mode and must agree with
rotary knob SW1 on PC10. Legal values are 0-7.
SCAN down advances to: BP TUBING X MM
This must also be set in the service mode, and can be 6 or 8
mm, depending on the tubing used. Mechanical adjustment of
the blood pump must accompany a change. The pump head
and software are set at 8 mm from the factory.
SKIP returns to the DATA REVIEW menu.

Permits viewing of data stored on the patient cartridge. If no

CARTRIDGE DATA cartridge has been inserted, the display shows INSERT
CARTRIDGE, then returns to CARTRIDGE DATA. If a
cartridge is in place, the following data are displayed in the
order shown. Use the scan keys to step through the list. For
more information see Appendix C, Cartridge Programmer.

Patient first name

Patient last name
Patient ID#
Dialyzer name
Concentrate name
Dialysate temperature
Dialysate flow
Minimum blood flowrate
Maximum blood flowrate
Ultrafiltrate profile mode
Sodium profile mode

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 SECTION 3, FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

Pressing ENTER when the Side Panel shows ACTUAL CONC

ACTUAL CONC DATA DATA allows the user to review the same list of chemical
ingredients as are accessed by pressing A, B, C, or D. The
difference is that the data shown here are actual rather than
programmed. This enables the user to check actual values at
any given point in the therapy, such as after a Sodium Button
activation.

Used in Normalize Mode to make fine adjustments (±0.4

mS/cm) to conductivity. To adjust the conductivity value,
press COND, then CAL COND. Press the scan keys (up/down)
to adjust the flashing display to the desired value. Press
ENTER. (Refer to Section 7.7, Conductivity Offset
Adjustment, for more information.)

Press to display the time and date: MO 23FEB92 13:44.

Press scan keys (up/downt) to display the hours of machine
operation, HOURS XXXXX.X. Press the scan key again to
return the display back to the time and date (MO 23FEB92
13:44).

Used for service only.

(See Section 4.)

Press scan to increase (up) or decrease (down) characters to

preferred values, or to scroll through displayed menu items.

Used to enter displayed or flashing data. Also used for

confirmation of concentrate and cartridge changes.

Returns to previous step. Also used in Service Mode (see

Section 4).

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1550 SERVICE MANUAL

3.2.7 Tech Data Review To enter TECH DATA REVIEW the technician must press and
Keys hold in the DATA REVIEW button for four seconds. The
display will change from DATA REVIEW to TECH DATA
REVIEW once entered. In Technical Data Review the user can
view four types of data. Press the SCAN (up/down) keys to
scroll the types of data available:
SYSTEM VERSION #
OPER EVENT LOG
MACH EVENT LOG
SERVICE DATA
Press ENTER to view the data shown.

System Version Numbers will display a list that can be scrolled

through by using the SCAN (up/down) keys. The displays will
list different circuit boards with first the NEED version
followed by the HAS version.
(Example: PC17 NEED V4.--. The "--" means that PC17
needs any version starting with a 4, such as 4.01 or 4.21, etc.)
SKIP returns to the TECH DATA REVIEW menu.

Operator Event Log operates as described in Section 3.2.6,

Data Review.

Machine Log is available only in Technical Data Review, and

records only Faults, A/B and W/A pump restart Machine
Alarms, and any Text Event that is related to entering the
Disinfect or Service State Modes.

In the Service Mode, the Operator and Machine Logs can be

downloaded to a 1550 cartridge and sent back to the factory for
further analysis. The technician can also clear the Operator or
Machine Log in the Service Mode. (See Sections 4.8 and 4.9.)

Service Data displays the items shown in the following table

(Service Data Available) by using the SCAN (up/down) keys.

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 SECTION 3, FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

Service Data Available

DISPLAY DEFINITION
AB/WA PUMP 00% Pump ratio error in %
WA PUMP SPD 00% Acid pump speed error on %
AB PUMP SPD 00% Bicarb pump speed error in
%
INFLOW 1YES2YES Displays whether the UFC is
getting good (YES) versus
bad (NO) data from each (#1
or #2) of the Inflow Volume
Sensors
OUTFLOW 1 YES2YES Displays whether the UFC is
getting good (YES) versus
bad (NO) data from each (#1
or #2) of the Outflow
Volume Sensors
WA CTL TEMP XX.X Displays the temperature the
controller (PC18) reads in
the acid conductivity cell
WA MON TEMP XX.X Displays the temperature the
monitor (PC16/17) reads in
the acid conductivity cell
AB CTL TEMP XX.X Displays the temperature the
controller (PC18) reads in
the bicarb conductivity cell
AB MON TEMP XX.X Displays the temperature the
monitor (PC16/17) reads in
the bicarb conductivity cell
5VSUPPLY=XX.X Displays the voltage the
monitor is receiving (the 5V
display is followed by the
12V, -12V, 24V, and -5V
displays)
W/R FAULT=XXXXX Displays the number of
write/read faults that have
been detected
EEPROM PTR=XX Displays where the pointer
for the hour meter is located
on the EEPROM
HOURS XXXXX.X Displays the number of
machine hours on the
machine*
*The hour meter is also available under the TIME button once Scan
(up/down) is pressed.

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1550 SERVICE MANUAL

3.3 The Side Panel can be broken down into three areas when
TROUBLESHOOTING troubleshooting. They are the Cartridge, Display/Keypad, and
THE SIDE PANEL rotary switches.

3.3.1 Cartridge It is a good practice to leave a cartridge plugged into the 1550,
even while operating in the manual mode. Having a cartridge
plugged into the slot will offer some means of "splash"
protection. If the 1550 is working improperly with a cartridge,
first remove that cartridge and try another. If this doesn't work,
remove the cartridge and inspect the pins in the cartridge slot
for damage. The pins in the cartridge slot are soldered directly
to the motherboard (MB1), therefore there is no cabling to
troubleshoot.

3.3.2 Display/Keypad If at anytime the 4x4 keypad on the Side Panel does not
respond, yet the 16-digit display above the keypad is working,
check the blue ribbon cable coming from the membrane panel
that plugs into IB21 Connector 3. If the keypad and display
both are malfunctioning, check the large 40-pin connector
(IB21-01) coming from the motherboard. If this connector is
not fully seated it can cause irregular operation.

3.3.3 Rotary Knobs The three rotary knobs on the Side Panel are mounted directly
to the motherboard. They each have double banks that feed the
same information to the two processor boards PC17 and PC18.
These boards should always agree on the setting of these
switches. If they read different positions, the monitor will
create a fault alarm F509, F510, or F511. (See Appendix
A.2.1.) One way to check and see if both the Monitor (PC17)
and the Controller (PC18) agree with each other on all of the
three knob positions is to view their independently calculated
conductivity setpoints. These can be viewed on the 4-digit
displays on the CPU boards (rotary switch position D on
PC16/17 and position 3 on PC18). When any of the three
knobs are changed and accepted, these values will agree if the
rotary switches are working properly.

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