Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MENTION : GESTION
FOAD GESTION
Mention : Gestion
Parcours : Fondamentaux en Sciences de Gestion
Niveau : L1
Semestre : S2
Unité d’Enseignement : UE6
Elément Constitutif :
ANGLAIS
Elément: n°3
Concepteurs :
RABIAZA Yvette, RAKOTOBE Lucie et RAZANAMANANA Haja Lalao
Enseignants-Chercheurs
Université d’Antananarivo
Avertissement :
LESSON 7 : E-MAILS
The most important part of your message should be seen on the first screen
written in capital
MODEL
Emails
INTRODUCTION
Email (short for electronic mail) is a means of sending messages between computers.
To send and receive email you need access to the Internet. An Internet Service
Provider (r s P) will provide you with connection software, which is often free. This will give
you Internet access, storage for incoming mail, and the capability to read your messages.
Finally, you need email software, generally already installed in modem computers, so that you
can write, send, receive, and read messages.
Advantage
There are numerous advantages to email. It is personal and easy to use. It can be used both
within and between companies, and is an effective way to communicate quickly and easily
with people ail over the world. It is especially useful for short messages and for everyday
correspondence, e.g. setting up a meeting, passing on information, and making or replying to
a request.
You can pick up your email messages, even when you are travelling; via a laptop or
palmtop. With compatible systems, you can access text and graphic documents, and
spreadsheets. And whatever you send or receive can be quickly and easilyfiled.
Disadvantages
The disadvantages of email include technical problems which may result in the unexpected
non-delivery of messages, or attachments arriving in unreadable foret. A non-technical
disadvantage is that, paradoxically, the ease with which messages can be sent results in large
amounts of 'junk' and unnecessary communication, which waste time.
As with faxes, a major drawback is the lack of privacy and security. Do not use email
to communicate confidential information. It is sometimes said that an email message is like a
postcard — anyone can read what you have written. However, digital signing and encryption
(coding data, so that it can only be read by authorized users), which both work along similar
lines, make email more secure.
Email addresses
dfranks@intchem.co.no
corneyg@kingsway.ac.uk
The first part of the email address is usually the surname and initial of the person you are
contacting, or the name if it is a department, or a shortened version of it. The second part,
which appears immediately after the @ (at), is the name of the ISP or organization, or again
an abbreviation of it. Usually, the last part of the address includes the domain name suffixes
referring to the type of organization (e.g.'.co' • for 'company', '.ac' ('academic') fora university)
and to the country from which the message was sent (e.g. '.no' for Norway.'.uk' for the United
Kingdom).
.biz business
(e.g. a charity)
If the name of a country in its main language differs significantly from its name in English,
this is reflected in its domain name suffix, e.g.:
LAYOUT
Header information
The header gives essential information about the message. In addition to the basic details
shown in the sample, it may include:
c.c.
This stands for carbon copies, which means much the same as it does on a letter
›see page14. Here you insert the email addresses of anyone you want to send copies of the
message to.
b.c.c.
This stands for blind carbon copies, which, as in a letter, you should use if you do not want
the main recipient to know who has received copies ›see page14.
Attachments
The amount of header information, and the order in which it appears, will vary according to
the software being used, so do not worry if the messages you send and receive do not look
exactly like the one in the example.
Message text
The presentation of the text in an email is usually less formal than in a letter. In this example
MsKaasen has used the formal Dear Sir / Madam, but she could simply have headed her
message For the attention of the Sales Manager. Rather than ending with Yours faithfully, she
uses the less format I look forward to hearing from you.
Signature
This is like the signature block in a letter, although it usually includes more details, e.g. the
sender's company or private address, and telephone and fax numbers. You can program your
email software to add your signature automaticallyto the end of outgoing messages.
STYLE
Email is a relatively recent development; and because it is perceived as a quick and informal
means of communication, people are often unclear about the style and conventions they
should use in business situations.
— In general; email messages follow the style and conventions used in letters or faxes. For
example, you can use salutations such as Dear Mr Pinto or Dear Tom, and complimentary
closes such as Yours sincerely or Best wishes.However, if you know the recipient well, or if
you are exchanging a series of messages with one person, you may dispense with the
salutation and complimentary close.
— Do not confuse personal messages with business messages. In a business message, the
same rules of writing apply as for a letter: write clearly, carefully, andcourteously; consider
audience, purpose, clarity, consistency, conciseness, and tone.
— Use correct grammar, spelling,capitalization, and punctuation, as you would in any other
form of correspondence.
— Do not write words in capital letters in an email message. This can be seen as the
equivalent of shouting and therefore have a negative effect. If you want to stress a word, put
asterisks on each side of it, e.g. *urgent*.
— Keep your email messages short and to the point. People often receive a lot of emails
at work, so conciseness is especially important.
— In general, limit yourself to one topic per message. This helps to keep the message
brief and makes it easier for the recipient to answer, file, and retrieve it later.
— Check your email message for mistakes before you send it, just as you would check a
letter or a fax message.
Email abbreviation
In order to keep email messages short, people sometimes use abbreviations for common
expressions, just as they do in text messaging. These are known as TLAs (three-letter
acronyms), although some of them are more than three letters long. Here is a list of some of
the most commonly used TLAs:
Use TLAs with great care, and only when you have established a friendly, informai
relationship with your correspondent. They should not be be used in letters and faxes.
Emoticons
Emoticons (a combination of the words emotion and icon), also know as smileys, are often
used in informai email correspondence. They express emotions which may not be evident
from the words alone, e.g.:
:-)a smile
:-(a frown
-) a wink
On the whole, it is better not to use them in business messages, as they may be considered
unprofessional, especially if you do not know the recipient well or are not sure that he or she
will understand them.
Fax
layout
1 ) cover sheet
The first page shows who it's from, who it's to
ect……….
you include the date
2) confidential
Information things the others should not know
3 ) intended recipient
The person who should receiver
thye fax
Faxes
INTRODUCTION
The word fax comes from facsimile, which means an exact copy or reproduction. Like email,
the word fax can be used as a noun, e.g. I sent a fax or as a verb, e.g. We will fax you when
we have the information.
A fax message is useful when speed is important and the recipient does not have email. It is
especially useful for documents containing diagrams or drawings. Like email, a fax can be
sent quickly to many different recipients at the same time. However, again like email, fax is
an open system, i.e. correspondence can easily be accessed by outsiders, so it should not be
used for confidential information.
When sending handwritten fax messages, use a dark colour and make your writing large and
clear.
As faxes are copies of documents, they cannot be used when the originals are required. For
example, an original sui OF LADINO gives TIT LE to goods (i.e. you would own the goods if
you had the bill in your possession), and would not be valid if it were a faxed copy.
Faxes have been 'court tested', and they tend to be accepted in legal cases, along with letters,
as evidence in certain areas of international trade. However, an email containing similar
information might not be considered valid under certain circumstances.
Different fax machines offer a wide range of facilities, including repeat dialing if the
receiver's fax machine is engaged; a transmission report which gives details of the time, date,
sender, receiver, number of pages, duration, and result; a verification mark at the foot of the
page to confirm the fax was sent; and a number memory for frequently used numbers. Check
the manual of your fax machine to find out what functions it can perform.
Check that you have the correct fax number. Check that the paper on which your message is
printed or written is suitable. If it is too big, too small, or in poor condition, photocopy the
message on paper that can be accepted by the fax machine. Before using the machine, check
that you know how to dial, cancel, clear a paper jam, and send.
When you send a fax it is a good idea to use a fax transmission cover form. This will help to
ensure that the fax reaches its intended recipient safely. Most companies use their own headed
fax transmission form, but you can easily create one for yourself, e.g.:
STYLE
Generally, faxes are similar to letters in style, level of formality, and the use of conventions .
However, a fax may be shorter and the language more direct, like an email, as there is a time
element in the cost of sending them. As with email messages, beware of using too informal a
tone with customers or suppliers you do not know well.
This is an urgent request for a consignment to replace the above order, which was damaged during
delivery. We informed you about this in our letter of 15 September.
Peter Crane
Peter Crane
Chief Buyer
Send a fax to X
LESSON 8 : TELEPHONING
A. NUMBERS
Phone history
In 1956, the first telephones worked under the principle of electromagnetic waves. The antenna was
about one meter long and telephones were mainly used on vehicles in those days. It was only in 1973
that the first mobile phone prototype was created; it was a motorolla dynatech measuring about 25cm
without antenna, and weighting 783g. Today, a mobile phone weights about 100g,...
British English (BrE): mobile phone, mobile
American English (AmE): cell phone, cellular phone, cellular
Vocabulary
The action of telephoning is : - to call/phone/telephone someone
- to give someone a call
- to ring/ring up someone (BrE) or ring someone up
Saying numbers
When saying numbers, use rising intonation for starting group(s) and falling intonation for the last
group
Example:
033 00 576 88
Zero double three double oh (BrE) five seven six double eight
zero zero (AmE)
Intonation: rising rising rising falling
B. CUSTOMER SERVICE ON THE TELEPHONE
Here are four steps to receive customers on the phone
1. Greeting
A warm opening (Good morning!) to the greeting sets a positive tone for the customer and
communicates a level of professionalism.
2. Acknowledging Their Value
Thanking the customer (Thank you) for calling communicates that you value their business.
3. Identifying Employee
Identifying yourself (This is Tiffany) when answering the phone personalizes the conversation for
the customer and gives them a contact name and resource for future reference.
4. Offering Assistance
Asking the customer (May I help you) sends a message that the person answering the phone cares
about meeting (to meet: satisfaire) the needs of the customer
Example: “ Good morning, Madam! Thanks for calling the Somacou company. This is Tiffany,
May I help you?”
REMARKS:
➢ The telephone greeting should not be too long. For example:
“ Good Monday morning, thank you so much for calling Somacou company. We are the
number one company for wool mattress in Madagascar, this is Harijaona the receptionist. How
may I help you today?
➢ Speaking with a smile on your face helps create o positive tone of voice
➢ The person answering the phone should have manual that help answer common questions and
requests.
➢ Not everyone is good on the telephone, so monitoring phone skills can help ensure a good
presentation of a company.
Giving more ▪ I'm calling from Tokyo / Paris / New York / Sydney ...
information: ▪ I'm calling on behalf of Mr. X ...
▪ X speaking.
Taking a call :
▪ Can I help you?
Connecting
▪ Thank you for holding.
someone. When you
▪ The line's free now ... I'll put you through.
answer the phone and it is
▪ I'll connect you now / I'm connecting you now.
for somebody else.
▪ I'm afraid the line's engaged. Could you call back later?
▪ I'm afraid he's in a meeting at the moment.
▪ I'm sorry. He's out of the office today. /
Giving negative He isn't in at the moment.
information : ▪ I'm afraid we don't have a Mr./Mrs./Ms/Miss. ... here
▪ I'm sorry. There's nobody here by that name.
▪ Sorry. I think you've dialled the wrong number./
I'm afraid you've got the wrong number.
Ending/ Closing a - It’s been great/good talking with/to you. I’ve got a meeting now
conversation so I better run.
- Talk to you soon (no doubt)
- (It’s been) Nice talking to you
- Thanks for calling. I’ll speak with you again soon.
- I’ve got another call coming in. Good talking to you.
- I better let you go.
- It’s 5 o’clock already. I better let you go.
- Let’s touch base on this again in a few days.
- Look forward to hearing from you soon
SPECIAL SITUATIONS
Recording a voice mail message on your - Hello, you’ve reached Marina Smith at XYZ
machine company. I’m sorry I’m not available to take your
call. Please leave a message and I’ll call you back as
soon as I can. Thank you.
- Hello, you’ve reached John Block at ABC. It’s
Monday, May 22, and I will be out of the office all
day. I will be checking my voice mail from time to
time and will return all urgent calls. Thank you.
If you’re going on vacation
- Hello, this is Marina Smith at the XYZ company. I
will be on vacation from Friday, May 12 through
Monday, May 22. Please leave a message, and I’ll call
you back when I return. Thank you.
SPELLING OUT NAMES OVER THE - My last name is Czarnek. C as in cat, Z as in zebra,
PHONE. Often you will need to spell A as in apple, R as in Robert, N as in Nancy, e as in
something out over the telephone, such as a egg, K as in king.
last name. It will help your listener is you offer - My registration number is 459N4AF. That’s 459, N
words for each letter. Give words or names that as in Nancy, 4 A as in Apple, F as in Frank.
are very common for each letter.
D. DIALOGUE EXAMPLES
Interdictions : Photocopie et reproduction Réf : foadgestion-degs/tanà/2022/L1/S2/UE6/ANGLAIS/3
17
RABIAZA Yvette, RAKOTOBE Lucie et RAZANAMANANA Haja Lalao ANGLAIS FOAD GESTION : 2022
Here are examples of dialogue. As you will see, the language is rather informal and there are some
important differences to everyday English. Look at the chart above for key language and phrases used
in telephone English:
Dialogue 1:
Ken: This is Ken (or Ken speaking)
Operator: Excuse me, who is this?
Ken: Could I speak to Mr. Jack please? (Can I - more informal / May I - more formal)
operator: I'll put you through (put through = connect) Can you hold the line?
waiting…
Operator: I'm afraid Mr. Jack is not available at the moment. The line is busy... (when the
extension requested is being used) Would you like to leave a message?
Ken: No thank you, I’ll call back later!
Dialogue 2:
Operator: Hello, Frank and Brothers (name of a company), How can I help you?
Peter: This is Peter Jackson. Can I have extension 3421?
Operator: Certainly, hold on a minute, I'll put you through...
Frank: Bob Peterson's office, Frank speaking.
Peter: This is Peter Jackson calling, is Bob in?
Frank: I'm afraid he's out at the moment. Can I take a message?
Peter: Yes, Could you ask him to call me as soon as possible, I need to talk to him about the
Nuovo line, it's urgent.
Frank: Could you repeat the number please?
Peter: Yes, that's 033 13 123 45, and this is Peter Jackson.
Frank: Thank you Mr Jackson, I'll make sure Bob gets this.
Peter: Thanks, bye.
Frank: Bye.
C. Change the following conversation so that it becomes correct and more polite
Student B:
You work in a travel agency. Listen to student A and offer him/her the following solutions:
• Round-trip flight: 2 000 000 ariary First Class
• Hotel room for two nights: Hotel City 100 000 a night in the downtown area, Hotel
Relax 70 000 ariary a night near the airport
• Restaurant Recommendation: Chez Patt - downtown - average price 9000 ariary a
plate
2. Product Information
Student A:
You need to purchase six new computers for your office. Call JA's Computer World and ask
for the following information:
•
Current special offers on computers
• Computer configuration (RAM, Hard Drive, CPU)
• Warrant
• Possibility of discount for an order of six computers
Student B:
You work in at JA's Computer World answer student A's questions using the following
information:
•Two special offers: Multimedia Monster - with latest Pentium CPU, 256 RAM, 40 GB
Hard Drive, Monitor included - $2,500 AND Office Taskmaster - cheaper CPU, 64 RAM,
10 GB Hard Drive, Monitor not included - $1,200
• 1 year warranty on all computers
• Discount of 5% for orders of more than five computers
3. Leaving a Message
Student A:
You want to speak to Ms Braun about your account with her company, W&W. If Ms Braun
isn't in the office, leave the following information:
• Your name
• Telephone number: 347-8910 (or use your own)
• Calling about changing conditions of your contract with W&W
• You can be reached until 5 o'clock at the above number.
Student B:
You are a receptionist at W&W. Student A would like to speak to Ms Braun, but she is out of
the office. Take a message and make sure you get the following information:
• Name and telephone number – ask your partner to spell his or her surname
• Message student A would like to leave for Ms Braun
• How late Ms Braun can call student A at the given telephone number