BASICS OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION READING QUESTIONS

Name: ___Yareli Ayala Escobar __________________________________________________ Date:

_10.25.22_________________ Pd: 4 ______

Directions: You will use the linked reading provided in the schoology assignment to answer the following questions
about the basics of the Industrial Revolution.

PAGE 633 - A REVOLUTION IN GREAT BRITAIN

1. For many centuries, people relied on __human_____________________ and __animal power _as their main
energy sources.

2. Two types of power that were developed in the 1700’s that could power machines and do other tasks were:
___Water and steam power
_________________________________________________________________________________

3. The era (time period) when the use of power driven machines began is known as the _Industrial revolution
__________________________________________________.

PAGE 633 - 634 - FACTORS FOR SUCCESS

4. According to page 634, there are FIVE major things that helped industry to develop in Great Britain, list them:
a. Exploration__________________________________________
b. Seapower__________________________________________
c. Political stability __________________________________________
d. Government support __________________________________________
e. Growth of private investmet__________________________________________

PAGE 634 - 635 - AGRICULTURAL FACTORS

5. Identify an important invention made by Jethro Tull in 1701 AND describe what this new invention was able to
do: _He invented the seed drill it was a machine that made planting grain much more efficient.
________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

6. Identify two other aspects of agriculture (farming) that British farmers experimented with: __They expirimented
with livestock breeding methods to raise healthier animals and experimented with better varieties of food crops.
________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________

7. TRUE OR FALSE: The improvements in British agriculture (farming) actually was NOT very successful in
increasing Britain’s food supply. As a result Britain’s population did NOT increase.
 8. Explain, what was the ENCLOSURE MOVEMENT in Great Britain: _Enclosure movement was when wealthy
landowners could buy up fields that had previously been shared by rich and poor farmers alike. The new
landowners combined the small fields to create large farms and fenced them.
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

9. Identify one GOOD THING and one BAD thing that happened as a result of the enclosure movement:
a. GOOD: _Allowed for more efficient farming methods and further increased the food supply.
_________________________________________________________________________________
b. BAD: Threw countless farmers off the land they were unable to make a living in the countryside.
__________________________________________________________________________________

PAGE 635 - BRITAIN’S BIG ADVANTAGE

10. TRUE OR FALSE: At this time, Great Britain had the important things that a nation needs to have economic
success (to become wealthy.

11. In economics, there are THREE major FACTORS OF PRODUCTION, list them:
a. Land ____________________________
b. __Labor __________________________
c. __Capital __________________________

12. TRUE OR FALSE: When talking about economics “land” only refers to fields and farm land; it does not include
natural resources such as coal and iron.

13. Explain WHY Great Britain had so many workers available to work in industry: _They had a growing population
because of the greater food supply which meant many jobs.
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

14. According to the reading, what is CAPITAL? _Funds for investments in business.
________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

15. According to the reading, what is “human capital?”: _People with abilities and skills that are needed in the
industry.
________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

PAGE 635 - A REVOLUTION IN TEXTILES (CLOTH AND CLOTHING)

 16. For many centuries, British textiles (cloth and clothing) were made by COTTAGE INDUSTRY. What is a
COTTAGE INDUSTRY? _Weaving was the cottage industry. A craft occupation performed in the home.
________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

17. TRUE OR FALSE: Industry (industrialization) will change how cloth is made.

PAGE 635-636 - A NEW WAY OF MAKING CLOTH

18. During the 1700’s, why did the supply of wool in Great Britain increase? _It increased because the enclosure
movement converted so many farms to pastures for raising more sheep.
________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

19. How did the British get most of their cotton? _India and Norh America.
________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

20. What was one tragic result of the British trading with the American south for large amounts of cotton? _More
slavery.
________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

21. Identify an invention created by Eli Whitney AND what did this invention do? __He built a machine called the
cotton gin that removed the seed of cotton efficiently.
________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________

22. Identify an invention by James Hargreaves AND what did this invention do? _He invented the spinning jenny
which spun several threads at once.
________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

23. Identify an invention by Richard Arkwright AND what did this invention do? _ Solved the problem of thread
being to thick so he solved it by inventing the spinning frame which spun stronger thinner thread.
________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

24. Identify an invention by John Kay AND what did this invention do? __The flying shuttle doubled the speed at
which a weaver could do the job.
________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
 25. Basically, what was the power loom that was developed by Edmund Cartwright in 1785? It was a larger, faster
weaving system.
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________

PAGE 636 - CLOTH MAKING IN FACTORIES

26. TRUE OR FALSE: The new cloth making machines were too big to fit inside a person’s home or cottage.

27. The new cloth making machines had to be put into large buildings. A large building that houses (holds) large
industrial machines is known as a _factorys. _________________________.

28. TRUE OR FALSE: According to the reading, by the year 1800, British textile production had greatly increased.