2019 FY13 CEMathematics Detailed Solutions

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
FIJI YEAR 13 CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION 2019
MATHEMATICS
Detailed Solutions
COPYRIGHT: MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FIJI, 2019.

2.
STRAND 1 COMPLEX NUMBERS (13 marks)
9
1. Simplify 2(cos 70  i sin 70 ) . Give your answers in rectangular form.
29cos 70  9  i sin 70  9

 512 cos 630  i sin 630
 r  cos   i sin    r n  cos n  i sin n 
n
 512(0  i (1) )
 512i
(2 marks)
2  3i
2. Simplify
 3  2i
2  3i  2  3i   3  2i Multiply by the conjugate of the

 3  2i  3  2i  3  2i denominator.

2  3i (3  2i) Conjugate is found by changing
the sign of the coefficient of i
(3  2i )(3  2i )
2
  6  4i  9i  6i
a  ba  b  a 2 2 Expansion of numerator & denominator
b 2 2
(3)  (2i)
2
  6  13i  6i
2
9  4i
 6  13i  6  1 Simplifying using i 2  1

9  4  1
  13i
13
 i
(2 marks)
© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2019: MATHEMATICS

3.
3. State whether each statement given below is true or false.
2 4
(a) i i  0 True (½ mark)
2
i2  i2  i2  1   1  1 i  1
0
(b) 2 cis 20  3 cis 5  6 cis 100 False (½ mark)
2 cis 20  3 cis 5  (2  3) cis (20  5)

 6cis 25
(c) If Arg (z)  0 then Arg ( z ) 180 False
If Arg (z)  0 then z is real and positive so z z (½ mark)
(d) Region represented by z  3 is inside the circle having (½ mark)

False
centre (0, 0) and radius 3 units.
Region represented by z  3 is on or inside the circle having

centre (0, 0) and radius 3 units.
4. Find the values x and y such that x  yi  4  9   16
x  yi  2  3i  4i
x  yi  2  i
x= 2 , y=1
(2 marks)
5. Sketch the region Re( z)  2 on the Argand diagram given below.
Im(z)
Re(z)
2
(1 mark)

4.
6.
2
Solve the equation z  32  32 3 i . Leave your answers in polar form.
Using calculator
Pol(  32, 32 3 )  64
RCL tan =120 Express z 2 in polar form
2
z  64 (cos 120  i sin 120)
Method 1 Method 2
 
1
1
   360o k    360o k 
First root is Z0 = 64 cis 120
2
 r cos   i sin 
n
  n   n  2
1 = 8 cis 60
= 642 [Cos 120  360k + i Sin 120  360k ]
2 2
360 180
= 8cis 120  360k
2 2
For k = 0 60 + 180 = 240
Z0 = 8cis 
120  360  0 
 2 
The other root is 8 cis 240
= 8cis 60
For k = 1
Z1 = 8cis 
120  360  1
 2 
=8 cis 240
(4 marks)

5.
STRAND 2 VECTORS (8 marks)
1. Let ~ b = 3 j  6k . Find ~a  ~
a = 4i  2 j  4k and ~ b
( 4i  2 j  4k )  ( 3 j  6k )
4i  2 j  4k  3 j  6k
a  ~
~ b = 4i  5 j  2k
(1 mark)
2. v = 2i  j  2k
Find the unit vector that has the same direction as ~
unit vector  v
v
2i  j  2k

2   1  (2)
2 2 2
2i  j  2k

9
2i  j  2k  unit vector = 2 i  1 j  2 k
 3 3 3
3
(2 marks)
3. Find parametric equations of the line passing through the points (3, 4, −1) and (9, 0, 7)
P1 P2
9  3   6 
     
vector :  0    4     4 
 7    1  8 
      Point on the line Vector parallel to the line
 x  3   6 
     
Vector equation  y    4   t   4
 z   1  8 
     
parametric equations
x = 3 + 6t
y = 4  4t
z =  1 + 8t
(2 marks)
© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2019: MATHEMATICS Turn Over

6.
a  b 
 1  1 
4. The dot product of a  a and b   b
   is defined as a . b  a b  a b  a b
~  2 ~  2  ~ ~ 11 2 2 3 3
a  b 
 3  3 
 4  4 
   
Let a   k  and b   1  . Find the value of k if a and b are orthogonal.
~   ~  ~ ~
7   2 
   
4  4  k 1  2  7  0
16  k  14  0
k = 2
(1 mark)
5. If P is any point on a line segment AB which divides it in the ratio m : n , then P  mB  nA

mn
A m P n B
Let point A = (  3, 4, 7) and point B = (5, 20,  9). Determine the coordinates of point P on
the line AB given that AB = 4AP (2 marks)
AB  4 1 3
AP 1 A m P n B
AB  4 units
AP  1 unit  m  1 4
 PB  3 units
 n3
 5    3
   
1 20   3  4 
  9  7 
P    
1 3
 5    9
   
 20    12 
  9   21 
P    
4
  4   1
P 1  32   P   
4   8
3
 12   
P = ( 1 , 8 , 3)

7.
STRAND 3 FUNCTIONS (13 marks)
1. Sketch the graph of the polynomial shown below. Clearly show the y-intercept, x-intercepts,
turning points and the inflection point on the x-axis.
y   1 ( x  1)3( x  1)2( x  4)
4
x- intercepts =  1 , 1 and 4
y-intercept =  1
For a factor  x  a  n , if n is odd (except n = 1)

then there is an inflection at x = a and if n is
even there is a turning point at x = a.
Turning point at (  1, 0) or x =  1
Inflection at (1, 0) or x = 1
x
-1 0 1 4
-1
(3½ marks)

8.
2
2. Consider the rational function f ( x)  x  x
 2x  2
(a) Find the x and y intercepts.
x-int  let y = 0
y-int  let x = 0: f ( x)  02  0
 20  2
x2  x  0 or x( x  1)  0
x-int.= 0 and  1 y-int.= 0
(1 mark) (½ mark)
(b) Find the equation of the vertical asymptote.
Vertical Asymptote: let denominator = 0
 2x  2  0
 2 x  2
x 1
equation: x=1
(½ mark)
(c) Determine the equation of the oblique asymptote.

long division
y  1 x 1
2
(2 marks)

9.
(d) Hence, sketch the graph of the function f (x).

y
-2 -1 0 1
-1
(3½ marks)
3. Let f ( x)  7  x2 and g ( x)  x 1
(a) Find an expression for f o g (x). Simplify your answer.

f o g ( x)  f ( g ( x))
 7   x  1
2
 7  ( x  1)
f o g ( x)  8  x
(1 mark)
(b) What is the range of f o g (x) ?
The domain of f o g (x) is x  1 [which is the domain of g(x)]. Substitute x = 1

(which is the smallest element in the domain) into the expression for fog(x)
fog(x) = 8  x
= 8 1
=7.
For any number bigger than 1, f o g (x) will be less than 7
So the range is y  7
(1 mark)

10.
STRAND 4 TRIGONOMETRY (11 marks)
1. Let cos θ  sin θ = R cos(θ  α)
(a) Find the exact value of R.
2 2
r= 1  ( 1 )
R= 2
(1 mark)
(b) Determine the value of α using cos (A  B)  cos A cos B  sin A sin B
cos θ  sin θ = 2 cos( θ  α )
cos θ  sin θ = 2 [ cos .Cos + sin .sin ]
cos θ  sin θ = 2 cos .Cos + 2 sin .sin
cos = 2 cos .Cos - sin = 2 sin .sin
1= 2 Cos -1 = 2 sin
1 1
cos  sin 
2 2
As cos is positive and sin  is negative, the angle lies in the 4th quadrant
Anticlockwise
45 Clockwise
  360  45
 315or  45
α = 315 or  45
(2 marks)

11.
2. Prove the following identity using an appropriate right-angled triangle.
sin 1 x  cos1x  1 π
2
1
let θ1  sin x  sin θ1  x
opp
x
1 hyp
adj
let θ2  cos 1 x  cos θ2  x 
1 hyp
θ 1 and θ 2 form 2 angles in a right-angled triangle
θ2
1 x
θ1

From the triangle θ 1  θ 2 
2
θ1  sin 1 x and θ2  cos 1 x
 sin 1 x  cos 1 x  π
2
(2½ marks)
3. Part of the graph of y  a sin bx  k is shown below. Find the values of a, b and k.
 a = 2 (½ mark)
y
Amplitude is 2. It is an upside
down sine graph.
4
 period  360  800  360

2 b b
b  360
800
x  0.45 or 9
0 400 800 20
(1 mark)
 k=2 (½ mark)
The graph is shifted 2 units upwards

12.
2
 b  b  4ac
4. Solve 1  2sinθ   3 for 0  θ  360 [You may use x  ]
sin θ 2a
1  sin θ  2sinθ  sin θ   3  sin θ Multiply each term by sin θ

sin θ
2
1  2sin θ  3sin θ
2
2sin θ  3sin θ  1  0
Method 1 Method 2
(2sinθ 1)(sinθ 1)  0
2
 3  3  4  2 1
OR 2 2
3 1
4
 3  1 ,  3 1
4 4
 1 , 1
2
2sinθ  1  0 or sinθ  1  0
sinθ   1 sinθ  1
2
Sine is negative in the 3rd and 4th quadrant θ  270
sin  1   30
1
2
30 30
θ  210 ,270 ,330
θ  180  30 θ  360  30

 210  330
(3½ marks)

13.
STRAND 5 LIMITS, CONTINUITY AND DIFFERENTIABILITY (7 marks)
x
1. Calculate the value of lim 3e  1
x 0
lim 3e x  1  3e0  1
x 0
limit = 4
(1 mark)
2. Using the sum to product formula cos C + cos D = 2cos (half sum) cos (half difference) or
the derivative d (cos x)   sin x , evaluate
dx
lim cosx
cos3x  cosx
xπ
2
Method 1 Method 2
L Hopitals Rule(Differentiate numerator and denominator separately)

lim cosx  lim cosx
cos3x  cosx 2cos2 xcosx lim cosx  lim  sinx
x π x π
2 2 x  π cos3x  cosx x  π  3sin3x  sinx
2 2
1  sin π
 lim y  f ( g ( x) )  2
2cos2 x
x π dy  3sin(3  )  sin π
π
2  f ' ( g ( x))  g ' ( x) 2 2
dx
 1
 1
 3  1  1
2cos(2  π )
2
half sum half difference

limit =  1
2
cos3x  cosx  2cos ( 3x  x ) cos ( 3x  x )
2 2 (2½ marks)
 2 cos ( 4 x ) cos ( 2 x )
2 2
 2 cos 2 x cos x

14.
3. Study the piece-wise function below and then answer the questions that follow.
f (x)
x
2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5
(a) For what values of x is the function discontinuous?

Jump at x = 0 and hole at x = 2 x= 0 and 2
(1 mark)
(b) For what value of x is the function continuous but not differentiable?
Sharp corner
1
(½ mark)
(c) For what values of x is f ( x)  0

x > 2
(1 mark)
(d) Find lim f ( x)


x0
x approaches 0 from right
(1 mark)

15.
STRAND 6 ALGEBRA (12 marks)
9n2  6
1. The sequence < a n > is defined by a n =
n
(a) Write down the first three terms of the sequence of partial sums associated with < a n >
T1 = 3 T2= 15 T3= 25
S1= 3= T1
S2= T1 + T2 S3= T1 + T2 + T3 0r S2 + T3
= 3 + 15 = 3 +15 + 25
= 18 = 43
First 3 terms = 3, 18, 43

(2 marks)
(b) Is the sequence < a n > convergent or divergent? Give a reason for your answer .
Divergent because of infinite limit (limit =  )
2
9n  6
lim  lim 18n L Hopitals Rule
n  n n  1
 18  

2
2 9n  6 9n  6
9n  6
OR lim  lim n n  lim n
n  n n  n n  1
n
 9  0

(2 marks)
5  x2
2. Writre as partial fractions using the alphabets A, B, C…… as constants.
2
( x  8)( x  9)
(Do not calculate the value of the constants.)
2
5x A B C
  
2 2
( x  8)( x  9) x8 x 9 ( x  9)
2
( x  9) introduces two terms
(2 marks)

16.
n
n  1 1  ( 4)
3. Prove by mathematical induction that 1  4  16  ...............  (4) 
5
Step 1: Prove that it is true for n = 1
1 1
LHS = (4) =1
1  ( 4)
1
RHS =
5
5
= =1
5
LHS = RHS
(½ mark)
Step 2: Assume that it is true for n = k
k
k  1 1  ( 4)
1  4  16  ...............  (4) 
5
(½ mark)
Step 3: Prove that it is true for n = k + 1
k 1  1 1  ( 4)k 1
1  4  16  ...............  (4) 
5
k
1  ( 4) k
LHS =  (4)
5
k k Factorise
1  ( 4) 5(4)
= 
5 5 k k k
 (4)  5(4)  (4)  1  5
k k k
1  ( 4)  5 (4)  (4) (4)
=
5
1  4 ( 4)k  4   (4)
=
5
1  ( 4) ( 4)k
=
5
1  ( 4)k 1
=
5
= RHS
(1½ marks)

17.
Step 4: Conclusion
Hence the formula is valid for all positive intergers
(½ mark)
4. Find the first 3 terms, in descending powers of x, of the binomial expansion of

5
( 2x  1 )
x
Binomial Theorem
n  n  n 0  n  n 1 1  n  n  2 2  n n 3 3  n n  n n
( x  a)    x a    x a    x a    x a  .....    x a
0 1  2  3  n
5  5 5 0  5 4  5 3 2
( 2x  1 )   (2x) ( 1)   (2x) ( 1)   (2x) ( 1)  .......
1
x  0 x 1 x  2 x
5 3
3 terms : 32x ,  80x , 80x
(3 marks)

18.
STRAND 7 PROBABILITY AND INFERENTIAL STATISTICS (12 marks)
1. Let A and B be independent events with probabilites P (A) = 0.4 and P (B) = 0.5. Find
(a) P( A  )
P(A) + P(A’) = 1
P( A  ) = 1- 0.4
= 0.6
(1 mark)
(b) P(A  B) using the formula P( A  B )  P( A )  P( B )  P( A  B )
P(A  B)  P(A)  P(B)  P(A  B)

 0.4  0.5  0.4  0.5 P(A  B) = P(A)  P(B)
 0.9  0.2
P(A  B) = 0.7
(2 marks)
2. The probability that a flower seed germinates is 0.2. A gardener planted 3 seeds.
Using the formula or the table given below, find the probability that exactly 2 seeds
germinate. Give your answer to 3 decimal places.
p = 0.2
Binomial Formula Binomial Probability Individual Terms

 n  x n x
P (X  x)    p q
 x
n =3
x =2
P = 0.096
Using formula
 3
P   0.22  0.8
 2
= 0.096
(2 marks)

19.
3. The weights of fish in a certain river are normally distributed with a mean of 2 kg and a
standard deviation of 0.6 kg. It is known that 66.5% of fish weigh more than x kg.
xμ
Determine the value of x using the formula z  and the normal distribution table

given below.
Areas under Normal Probability Curve

The tabulated value is the probability that the standardized
normal variable Z lies between 0 and z.
e.g. P(0  z  0.48)  18.44%
66.5% = 0.665
0.665 – 0.5
0.165
Z=  0.426
The closest entry below 0.165 is 0.1628 which corresponds to z value of 0.42. This differs from 0.165
by 0.0022. In the difference column on the right is ‘22’ in the column headed ‘6’ so z = - 0.426
x  
Z 

 0.426  x  2
0.6
x   0.426  0.6  2
x = 1.74kg
(3 marks)

20.
4. A researcher claims that Fijian families use an average of 18 coconuts per month with standard
deviation of 3.
Test the null hypothesis that H0 :   18 against the alternative hypothesis that H a :   18
if a random sample of 100 Fijian families is found to consume an average of 20 coconuts per
month. Use 6 % level of significance and state your conclusion clearly.
z-value Part of inverse normal table is shown below

where probability value is between 0 and z.
x  μ
z 

n
  0.03 (3%) , 0.5 - 0.03 = 0.47

2
z = 1.8808
2
Critical region Reject H0 if z  1.8808 or z  1.8808
Rejection Region Rejection Region
Acceptance Region
-1.8808 1.8808
Z  20  18
3
100
 6.67
Since z value of 6.67 falls on the rejection region we therefore, reject the null hypothesis

21.
STRAND 8 DIFFERENTIATION (12 marks)
1. A particle travels along the x-axis such that s(t )  t 2  6t  9 where s(t) represents its
displacement in metres from the origin t seconds after observations began.
(a) What is the particle’s initial displacement?

2
s(0)  0  6  0  9 initial  time  0
 9m
(1 mark)
(b) Find the acceleration.
differentiate differentiate
displacement velocity acceleration
2
s (t )  t  6t  9
( x )  nx n  1
d n
dx
s   2t  6
To differentiate: multiply the coefficient by the
s   2 power and then reduce the power by one.
(1½ marks)
2. Determine the interval on which f ( x)   x3  6x2  2 is concave up.
If f ′ ′ (x) > 0 for all x of an interval, then the graph of f is concave upward on the interval.
2
f ( x)  3 x  12 x
( x )  nx n  1
d n
dx
f ( x)  6 x  12 To differentiate: multiply the coefficient by
the power and then reduce the power by one.
 6 x  12  0
 6 x  12
x2 Inequality sign is reversed when

multiplying or dividing by a negative.
(3 marks)

22.
3. Given
 ln x n = n ln x ,
  f.g '  f '.g f.g 
 d (cos x)   sin x and

dx
 d (ln x)  1 and
dx x
dy
use logarithmic differentiation to find in terms of x and y for the function
dx
cos 5x
y  (3x  1)
cos 5x Take ln of both sides

ln y  ln (3x  1)
lny  cos 5x ln( 3x  1) Using ln x n = n ln x
1 dy   sin 5x  5  ln( 3x  1 )  cos 5x  1  3 For y  ln f ( x)

y dx 3x  1 dy 1
  f ' ( x)
dx f ( x)
1 dy  5 sin 5x ln(3x  1)  3 cos 5x

y dx 3x  1
y  f ( g ( x) )
dy
 f ' ( g ( x))  g ' ( x)
 
dx
dy
  5 sin 5x ln(3x  1)  3 cos 5x  y
dx 3x  1
(3½ marks)

23.
4. A closed rectangular storage container of width x metres, length 2x metres and height
y metres is to be constructed in such a way that its total surface area is 168.75 m2
x
2x
Determine the value of x which will give the largest possible volume of such
f ' g.f '  f.g '
a container. You may use  f.g  '  f '.g  f.g  and   
[ ]
g g2
2
S  2 (2 x )  2(2 xy )  2( xy )
2
S  4x  6 xy Total surface area
2
168.75  4 x  6 xy
2
V  2x y Volume of the box
2 2
6 xy  168.75  y  168.75  4 x
Make y the subject
4x 
6x
2 2
V  2x  168.75  4 x Substitute y into the expression
6x for Volume so that it is in terms
3 of x only.
168.75 x  4 x
V 
3
3
 4x
V  56.25 x 
3
2
V '  56.25  4 x
2 (3 marks)
0  56.25  4 x
x 56.25
4
 x  3.75
Turn Over

24.
STRAND 9 INTEGRATION (12 marks)
1. The shaded region in the diagram below is enclosed by the functions y  2x and y  x2 .
y  2x
y  x2
x
0 2
Calculate the area of the shaded region.
2
Area   (upper curve  lower curve)dx
0
2
  (2 x  x )dx
2
2
n 1
 2 x  x 
2 3
n
 x dx  n  1
x
 2 3 0
2
  x 2  x 
3
 3 0
 2  2   0
3
2
 3
 4 or 11
3 3
(2 marks)

25.
2. Given that
 2sinA cosB  sin (A  B)  sin (A  B) and

 sin x dx   cos x ,
find
 8 sin x cos 2x dx
We need to express the product 8 sin x cos 2 x as a sum using the identity
2sinA cosB  sin (A  B)  sin (A  B)
Divide each side by 2
sin (A  B)  sin (A  B)
sinA cosB 
2
sin( x  2 x)  sin ( x  2 x)
8 sin x cos 2 x  8 
2
 4sin 3x  sin(  x)
 8 sin x cos 2 x dx 
 4(sin 3x  sin ( x)) dx

 4 (sin 3 x  sin ( x)) dx Short cut: integrate the
outer function (evaluated at
inner) divide by the
derivative of inner linear
function
  cos(3 x)  cos( x) 
 4     C
 3 1 
  cos(3 x) 
4   cos( x)   C
 3 
(3 marks)
Turn Over
26.
2
3. Determine
 x
x 1
dx
Using the method of u-substitution with

u x  1
du  1
dx
du  dx
2 u  12
Hence  x
x 1
dx 
 u
du
2

 u  2u  1 du
u
u
2 2
 u1
u
2 u2

 u
u
 2u  1
u u
du
2 1
u 2
3 1 1
11

 u  2u  u2 2 2
du u 2
21 11 1
2u 2 2
u2
n n 1
u1    C
 x dx  x C
2
2 11 1 n 1
2 2
21 11 1
2 2
( x  1) 2 2( x  1) ( x  1)
   C
5 3 1
2 2 2
21 11 1
2
2( x  1) 2 4( x  1) 2
   2( x  1) C
5 3
(3½ marks)

27.
 
 x (48 x) dx
1
4. Determine 
  x dx  ln x 

Using partial fractions: The factors x and 4  x are both linear. Thus, the decomposition has
the form A  B where A and B are constants to be determined.
x 4 x
8  A B
x(4  x) x 4  x
8 A(4  x)  B( x)

x(4  x) x(4  x)
8  A(4  x)  Bx Numerator of LHS=Numerator of RHS
Let x = 0 as it will eliminate B Let x = 4 as it will eliminate A

8  A(4  0)  B  0
8  A(4  4)  B  4
8  4A
2 A 8  4B
2B
Hence 8 2  2
x(4  x) x 4 x
Note that the numerator is not the

  x(48 x) 
dx  2 dx 
x  4  x dx
2 derivative of the denominator, but we
can make it so by rewriting 2 as
4 x
2  2 1

 2 1 dx

 2 1 dx
4 x 4 x
x 4 x
   2   1
4 x
1

 2 1 dx
x
 2
 4  x dx
f ( x)
 2 ln x  2 ln 4  x  C  f ( x)
 ln f ( x)  C
If the derivative of the
denominator = numerator then
take the ln of the absolute value
of denominator.
(3½ marks)
THE END
COPYRIGHT: MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FIJI, 2019

2019 FY13 CEMathematics Detailed Solutions

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2019 FY13 CEMathematics Detailed Solutions

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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION

FIJI YEAR 13 CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION 2019

COPYRIGHT: MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FIJI, 2019.

STRAND 1 COMPLEX NUMBERS (13 marks)

29cos 70  9  i sin 70  9

2  3i  2  3i   3  2i Multiply by the conjugate of the

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2019: MATHEMATICS

3. State whether each statement given below is true or false.

(b) 2 cis 20  3 cis 5  6 cis 100 False (½ mark)

2 cis 20  3 cis 5  (2  3) cis (20  5)

(c) If Arg (z)  0 then Arg ( z ) 180 False

If Arg (z)  0 then z is real and positive so z z (½ mark)

(d) Region represented by z  3 is inside the circle having (½ mark)

Region represented by z  3 is on or inside the circle having

4. Find the values x and y such that x  yi  4  9   16

5. Sketch the region Re( z)  2 on the Argand diagram given below.

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2019: MATHEMATICS

RCL tan =120 Express z 2 in polar form

For k = 0 60 + 180 = 240

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2019: MATHEMATICS

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2019: MATHEMATICS Turn Over

5. If P is any point on a line segment AB which divides it in the ratio m : n , then P  mB  nA

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2019: MATHEMATICS

STRAND 3 FUNCTIONS (13 marks)

For a factor  x  a  n , if n is odd (except n = 1)

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2019: MATHEMATICS

(a) Find the x and y intercepts.

x-int.= 0 and  1 y-int.= 0

(b) Find the equation of the vertical asymptote.

Vertical Asymptote: let denominator = 0

(c) Determine the equation of the oblique asymptote.

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2019: MATHEMATICS

(d) Hence, sketch the graph of the function f (x).

(a) Find an expression for f o g (x). Simplify your answer.

(b) What is the range of f o g (x) ?

The domain of f o g (x) is x  1 [which is the domain of g(x)]. Substitute x = 1

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2019: MATHEMATICS

1. Let cos θ  sin θ = R cos(θ  α)

(a) Find the exact value of R.

cos θ  sin θ = 2 cos( θ  α )

cos θ  sin θ = 2 [ cos .Cos + sin .sin ]

cos θ  sin θ = 2 cos .Cos + 2 sin .sin

cos = 2 cos .Cos - sin = 2 sin .sin

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2019: MATHEMATICS

2. Prove the following identity using an appropriate right-angled triangle.

θ 1 and θ 2 form 2 angles in a right-angled triangle

θ1  sin 1 x and θ2  cos 1 x

 period  360  800  360

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2019: MATHEMATICS

1  sin θ  2sinθ  sin θ   3  sin θ Multiply each term by sin θ

Sine is negative in the 3rd and 4th quadrant θ  270

θ  210 ,270 ,330

θ  180  30 θ  360  30

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2019: MATHEMATICS

STRAND 5 LIMITS, CONTINUITY AND DIFFERENTIABILITY (7 marks)

L Hopitals Rule(Differentiate numerator and denominator separately)

half sum half difference

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2019: MATHEMATICS

(a) For what values of x is the function discontinuous?

(c) For what values of x is f ( x)  0

(d) Find lim f ( x)

x approaches 0 from right

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2019: MATHEMATICS