2022 Fy13ce Mathematics Detailed Solution

DETAILED SOLUTION
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
FIJI YEAR 13 CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION 2022
MATHEMATICS
. OF EDUCATION, FIJI, 2022

COPYRIGHT: MINISTRY
2.
1 mark
STRAND 1 COMPLEX NUMBERS (13 marks)
1. Simplify:
(a) 4
 1 4
 1  4
 2i
4 = 2i
(1 mark)
(b) 4cis60  2cis30 . Leave your answer in polar form.
4
cis (60  30 )
=2
 2cis30
4cis60  2cis30  2cis30
(1 mark)
2. z  2i and w  2  2i
Find:
(a) z  w
 2i  2  2i
2
zw 2
(1 mark)
(b) Im(z)
Im(z) = -2
(1 mark)
© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2022: MATHEMATICS

3.
3. Simplify  2cis30 3 using De Moivre’s theorem.
 23 cis (30  3)
 8cis90
 2cis30 3 =  8cis90
(2 marks)
4
4. Simplify
1  i
4 1  i
 
1  i 1  i
4  4i

1  i  i  i2
4  4i

= 1  i2
4  4i

1  ( 1)
4  4i

2
 2  2i
4
 2  2i
1  i
(2 marks)
5. Sketch the region Im ( z )  1 on the Argand diagram given below.

Im(z)
Re(z)
2 1 0 1 2
1
(1 mark)

4.
STRAND 1 (continued)
6. Solve the equation z 4  16(cos   i sin  ) . Leave your answers in polar form.
Method 1 Method 2
1     360 k     360 k  
r n
cos    i sin   1 180 
  n   n  16 4 cis 
 4 
  180  360 k   180  360 k  
 16 1 cos    i sin     2cis 45
4
  4   4 
  180  360 k   360
 2 c is    90
  4  4
for k = 0 90  45  135
  180  360 (0)   135  90  225
Z o  2  c is  
  4 
225  90  315
 2cis 22.5
for k = 1
The other roots are
  180  360 (1)   2cis135
Z1 2 c is  
  4  2cis 225
 2cis135 2cis315
for k = 2
  180  360 (2)  
Z 2 2 c is  
  4 
 2cis 225
for k = 3
  180  360 (3)  
Z 3 2 c is  
  4 
 2cis315
Z o  2cis 45 , Z1  2cis135 , Z 2  2cis 225 , Z 3  2cis315

 3 5 7
Z o  2cis , Z1  2cis , Z 2  2cis , Z 3  2cis
4 4 4 4
(4 marks)
Turn Over
13
5.
STRAND 2 VECTORS (8 marks)
1. Point P1   2, 0, 1 and P2  1, 2, 4  .
Find the vector PP

1 2
 1   2   -1 
     
 -2    0    -2 
 4   -1   5 
     
(1½ marks)
a  b 
 1  1 
2. If a   a  and b   b  then a . b  a b  a b  a b and a . b  a b cos 
~  2 ~  2  ~ ~ 11 2 2 3 3 ~ ~
a  b 
 3  3 
 2   3 
   
Consider a   4  and b   1 
~  
~  
 0   2 
(a) Find a .b
a .b  2  3  4 1  0  2
a .b =10
(1 mark)
(b) Find the angle between the vectors a and b .
a .b  a b cos 
10  20  14 cos 
 10 
  cos 1  
 20  14 
  53.30
(2 marks)
Turn Over
STRAND 2 (continued) 6.
x5 y 9 z4
3. Give the coordinates of a point that lies on the line  
6 3 7
( 5 , 9 , -4 )
(1½ marks)
4. If P is any point on A B which divides it in the ratio m : n , then P 

mB~  nA
~
~ m  n
A m P n B
Let point A = (5,  6, 10) and point B = (  1, 6,  5). Determine the coordinates of
AP 2
point P on A B given that 
PB 3
 -1   5 
   
2  6   3  -6 
 -5   10 
P    
23
 - 2   15 
   
 12    -18 
 -10   30 
P   
5
 13 
 
 -6 
 20 
P 
5
 13 6 
P   , ,4
5 5 
(2 marks)
8
7.
STRAND 3 FUNCTIONS (13 marks)
1. Sketch the graph of the polynomial shown below. Clearly show the y-intercept,
x-intercepts, turning points and the inflection point on the x-axis.
y  x3 ( x  2)2 ( x  2)
y
Shape
2
Inflex Tpt
x
3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4
1
2
3
If diagram not drawn

x  in tercept  let y  0
either x 3  0 , or  x  2   0 or  x  2   0
2
x  in tercepts = 0, 2, -2
y  in tercept  let x  0
y   0  0  2  0  2
3 2
y0
Turning point at x  2
Inflection at x  0
(3½ marks)
© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2022: MATHEMATICS Turn Over

8.
2. Consider the rational function
x4
f ( x) 
( x  2)( x  3)
(a) Find the x intercept.
x  intercept  y  0 (numerator  0)
x40 x intercept =  4, 0 
(1 mark)
(b) Find the y intercept.
y int  let x  0
(0  4)
f ( x) 
(0  2)(0  3)
f ( x) 
4
2  3
 4 2
6 3 
y  intercept = 0 - 2
3 
(1 mark)
(c) Find the equations of the vertical asymptotes.
Vertical Asymptotes: let denominator = 0

 2  x  x  3  0
equations: x  2 and x  3 or x  2  0 and x  3  0
(1 mark)
(d) Give the equation of the horizontal asymptote.
equation: y = 0
(1 mark)

9.
(e) Hence, sketch the graph of the function f (x). (APPLY CONSISTENCY)
y
x
5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5
1
2
3
4
(3½ marks)
3. Let f ( x)  x  1 and g ( x) = x  2
(a) Find an expression for f o g ( x ) Simplify your answer

fog ( x)  f ( g ( x))
 f ( x  2)
 x  2 1
 x3
f o g ( x) = x3
(1 mark)
(b) What is the domain of f o g (x) ? APPLY CONSISTENCY
domain: x  3, x  R
(1 mark)
13
Turn Over
Turn Over
10.
STRAND 4 TRIGONOMETRY (11 marks)
1. Let 3 sin   cos = R sin    
(a) Find the value of R.
 3
2
R  (1) 2
R 4
R = 2 or 4
(1 mark)
(b) Determine the value of α using sin(A  B)  sin A cos B  cos A sin B
sin α
where 0  α  90 tan α 
cos α
sin(A-B)=sinA cosB - cosA sinB
3 sin   cos   2sin  cos   2 cos  sin 
3 sin   2sin  cos  -cos =-2cos sin
3  2 cos  1= 2sin
3
cos = sin = 1
2 2
Sine and Cosine are both positive in the positive 1st quadrant.
1
sin 1  
2
  30

α =   30 or
6
(2 marks)
© MMINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2022: MATHEMATICS

11.
2. Solve the following equation where 0    360 .
2sin  cos  cos
2sin  cos   cos   0

 2sin   1 cos   0
 2sin   1  0 cos   0
2sin   1   90 , 270
1
sin  
2
  30 ,150
  30 ,90 ,150 , 270

(3 marks)
3. On the pair of axes shown below, sketch the graph of y  sin x  2 for 0  x  2 .
y
33
1
x
0
 3
-1  2
2 2
-2
-3
(2 marks)
Turn Over
12.
 1  cos 
4. Find the exact value of tan 22.5 using the half angle formula: tan 
2 sin 
45
22.5 
2
45
tan 22.5  tan
2
1  cos 
tan 22.5 
sin 
1  cos 45

sin 45
1
1
 2
1
2
 2 1
tan 22.5 = 2  1
(3 marks)
11

13.
STRAND 5 LIMITS, CONTINUITY AND DIFFERENTIABILITY (7 marks)
1. Evaluate the following:
sin x
(a) lim
x  x
sin 


limit = 0
(1 mark)
x2  1
(b) lim
x  1 x 1
expand x 2  1
using difference of squares using difference of squares
( x  1) ( x  1)
lim a 2  b 2  (a  b)(a  b)
x 1 x 1
lim( x  1)
x 1
 11
=2
Method 2
0 '
Since we have an indeterminate form ˆ
, LHopital's rule can be used to get
0
x2  1 2x
lim  lim  2x  2
x 1 x  1 x1 1
limit = 2
(2 marks)
Turn Over
14.
© MEHA, FY13CE 2022: MATHEMATICS
 1 , x  2
 2
1. A function f ( x) is defined as f ( x)   x ,  2  x  1
x  2 , x  1

(a) Sketch the graph of f ( x) .
y
4
x
5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5
1
2
3
4
Follow consistency (3 marks)
(b) For what value of x is the function continuous but not differentiable?
x=1
(½ mark)
(c) Find lim f ( x)

x 2
Limit = - 4
(½ mark)
Turn Over

15.
STRAND 6 ALGEBRA (12 marks)
n2
1. The sequence < a n > is defined by a n =
2n  1
(a) Write down the first two terms of the sequence
12 22
T1  , T2 
2(1)  1 2(2)  1
first two terms: T1  1 , T2  4

3 5
(2 marks)
(b) Is the sequence < a n > convergent or divergent? Give a reason for your answer.
DIVERGENT - The terms are increasing

Or
ˆ
applying L' Hopital's Rule
n2 2n
lim  lim  lim n  
n  2n  1 n  2 n 
The sequence is Divergent since the limit is infinity

(2 marks)
2.
13 x  5
Write as partial fractions using the alphabets A, B, C….as constants.
( x  1) ( x 2  5)
(Do not calculate the value of the constants)
13 x  5 A Bx  C
=  2
( x  1) ( x  5)
2
( x  1) x  5
(2marks)

16.
3. Prove by mathematical induction that for all positive integers n,
2  4  6  .......... .....  2n  n (n  1)
Step 1: Prove that it is true for n = 1
2  4  6  ...  2(1)  1(1  1)

2 = 2
LHS=RHS
(½ mark)
Step 2: Assume that it is true for n = k
2  4  6  .....  2k  k (k  1)
(½ mark)
Step 3: Prove that it is true for n = k + 1
2  4  6  ...2k  2(k  1)  ( K  1)( K  2)

LHS  k (k  1)  2(k  1)
 (k  2)(k  1)
=RHS
(1½ marks)
Step 4: Conclusion
Thus ny mathematical induction the formula is valid for all n∈N.
or since it is triue for n=1, n=k+1, assuming true for n=k thus by MI it is true for all positive integers n.
(No marks are awarded in step 4 unless all other steps are correct)
(½ mark)

17.
4. Using the Binomial Theorem, expand and simplify  x  3 4
 4  4  4  4  4
   x 4  3    x3  3    x 2  3    x1  3    x 0  3
0 1 2 3 4
0 1   2 3  4
 1.x .1  4 x .3  6 x .9  4 x .27  1.x .81
4 3 2 1 0
 x 4  12 x3  54 x 2  108 x  81
(3 marks)
.
12
Turn Over

18.
STRAND 7 PROBABILITY AND INFERENTIAL STATISTICS (12 marks)
1 A and B are mutually exclusive events with probabilities P(A) = 0.3 and P(B) = 0.4
Find P(A  B) .
P( A  B)  0
(1 mark)
1
2. The probability that Ryan scores a goal in a soccer game is . Using the formula or the table
4
given below, find the probability that Ryan scores a goal in exactly 3 of the next 8 soccer
games? Leave your answer to 4 decimal places.
Binomial formula:
 n  x n x
P (X  x)    p q
 x
Binomial Probability Individual Terms
Method 2
83
8 1   3 
3
P      
 3  4   4 
 0.2076
P(exactly 3) = 0.2076
(2 marks)

19.
3. Calculate the minimum sample size that should be taken from a population with standard
deviation of 3.0 kg, to estimate the mean weight to be within 1.0 kg of the true value with
95% confidence.
Part of inverse normal table is shown below

where probability value is between 0 and z.
Sample size formula:
2
 z  
n 2 
 e 
 
 

  0.05 ,  0.025 , Z  1.96,
2 2
 1.96  3 
2
n 
 1 
n  34.75  35
minimum sample size: 35
(2 marks)
© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2022: MATHEMATICS Turn Over

4. A normal distribution has a mean of 45. If 20% of the values of this distribution are more
than 50, find the standard deviation using the
x μ
 formula z  and the

 normal distribution table given below.
  45 x  50 0.3 0.2
x
Z

45 50
Z=0.841
50 - 45
0.841=

0.841  5
5

0.841
  5.95
(3 marks)

21.
5. A dietician claims that the average number of calories in a serve of taro and fish soup is 88
with a standard deviation of 10.
Test the null hypothesis Ho :   88 calories against the alternative hypothesis H a :   88

calories if a random sample of 150 serves yields an average of 90 calories. Use a 0.05 level of
significance and state your conclusions clearly.
z-value Part of inverse normal table is shown below

where probability value is between 0 and z.
x  μ
z 

n
H o :   88, H a :   88
Two tail test
x  90,   10, n  150 RR/AR
 1  0.05
  0.05,  0.025, or P  =0.475
2 2
RR RR
Z =  1.96
AR
2
Critical Region
reject H o if z<-1.96 or z>1.96 -1.96 1.96
x  90  88
z=   2.45
 10
n 150
Since Z =2.45 falls in the rejection region
we reject H o .
Thus average number of calories per serve is not 88
Alternatively: via Confidence Interval Method
 10   10 
88-1.96      88+1.96  
 150   150 
86.4    89.6
(4 marks)
Since 90 calories falls outside the interval, we reject H o .
Turn Over
12
Turn Over
22.
STRAND 8 DIFFERENTIATION (12 marks)
'
f  g . f '  f .g '
1 Differentiate the following function using the quotient rule   
g g2
x2
f ( x) 
x 1
f  x 2 g ( x)= x  1
f '  2x g '  1
f '( x) 
 x  1 2 x   x 2
 x  1
2
2 x2  2 x  x2

 x  1
2
x2  2x

 x  1
2
f ' ( x) =
(2 marks)
2. Determine the coordinates of the point of inflection of the curve f ( x)  4 x 3  12x 2
Inflexion - f ''( x)  0
f '( x)  12 x 2  24 x
f ''( x)  24 x  24
f ''( x)  0
24 x  24  0
x 1
y  4(1)3  12(1) 2  4  12  8
point of inflection: (1, 8)
(3 marks)

23.
dy
3. Using implicit differentiation, find for
dx
x2  2 y 2  9 y
dy dy
2x  4 y 9
dx dx
dy dy
2x  4 y  9  0
dx dx
dy
2 x  (4 y  9)  0
dx
dy
2 x  (4 y  9)
dx
dy 2x

dx 4 y  9
(2 marks)
d 1 dy
4. Given  ln x   , find dx for y  ln (2x 1)
dx x
u = 2x 1
du du
 2 , dx 
dx 2
y  ln u
dy 1

du u
dy du dy
 
dx dx du
dy 1
 2
dx u
dy 1
 2
dx 2x 1
dy 2

dx 2 x  1
(2 marks)
Turn Over
5. A rectangular garden is to be fenced using two kinds of fencing.

The material for the front side costs $30 per metre, while the material for the remaining
three sides costs $20 per metre.
Find the dimensions of the garden of greatest area that can be fenced at a cost of $600.
$30x
$20y
$20y
$20x
Total cost  $600,

50 x  40 y  600
600  50 x
A  xy  y 
40
 600  50 x 
A  x 
 40 
2
600 x 50 x
A 
40 40
At maximum area A '( x)  0
600 50 x
A '( x)    15  2 x
40 20
600 50 x
 0
40 20
15  2.5 x
x  6m
y=7.5m
length  7.5m
width=6m
(3 marks)
© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2022: MATHEMATICS 12

25.
STRAND 9 INTEGRATION (12 marks)
A mechanical rabbit moves from a fixed point in a straight line so that its velocity after
t seconds is given by v(t )  (5t  2) m / s
t seconds
(a) When is the rabbit at rest?
At rest v = 0
5t - 2  0
t2 s
5
 0.4 s
(1 mark)
(b) Find a formular for the displacement of the rabbit at time t given that the intial
displacement = 0 m.
s   v (t ) dt
s   5t  2dt
2
 5t  2t  c
2
 t  0, s  0
c0
2
s  5t  2t
displacement = 2
(1 mark)
Turn Over
26.
2 Given
Giventhat
that:
 2sin A cos B  sin( A  B)  Sin( A  B) ;
  sin x dx   cos x .
Find:
 sin 4 x cos 6 x dx
1
sin  4 x  6 x   sin(4 x  6 x)  dx
2  
1
sin10 x  sin( 2 x)  dx
2  
sin( x)   sin x
1   cos10 x cos( 2 x) 
   c
2  10 2 
or
 cos10 x cos( 2 x)
  c
20 4
(3 marks)

27.
3. The shaded region in the diagram below is enclosed by the functions f ( x)  x and
g ( x )  x3
y
g ( x)  x3
f ( x)  x
x
0 1
Calculate the area of the shaded region.
Method 1 – area of (upper curve- lower curve)

1
xx
3
0
1
 x2 x4 
  
 2 4 0
1 1
  0
2 4
1

4
Method 2 – Area of the triangle – Area of g ( x)
1
1
 (b  h)   x 3
2 0
1
1  x4 
 (11)   
2  4 0
1 1
 
2 4
1

2
(3 marks)

2x  4
4. Determine  2x  5
dx
Let u = 2 x  5
du
2
dx
du
dx 
2
2 x  4 du 1 2x  4
 u 2  2  u du need to replace x with u
u 5
x
2
 u 5
2  4
1  2 
  du
2 u
1
1

2  (u  1)u 2
du
1 12 21
  u u du
2
1  2 32 1

  u  2u 2   c
2 3 
1 3 1
 u2 u2  c
3
3 1
1
  2 x  5 2   2 x  5 2  c
3
or
1 (2 x  5)3  (2 x  5)  c
3
2x  4
 2x  5
dx =
(4 marks)
12
THE END
COPYRIGHT: MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FIJI, 2022

INDEX NUMBER
MATHEMATICS
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Strand Marks Check
No. Gained Mark
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DETAILED SOLUTION

FIJI YEAR 13 CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION 2022

. OF EDUCATION, FIJI, 2022

(b) 4cis60  2cis30 . Leave your answer in polar form.

4cis60  2cis30  2cis30

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2022: MATHEMATICS

3. Simplify  2cis30 3 using De Moivre’s theorem.

5. Sketch the region Im ( z )  1 on the Argand diagram given below.

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2022: MATHEMATICS

Z o  2cis 45 , Z1  2cis135 , Z 2  2cis 225 , Z 3  2cis315

STRAND 2 VECTORS (8 marks)

1. Point P1   2, 0, 1 and P2  1, 2, 4  .

Find the vector PP

(b) Find the angle between the vectors a and b .

4. If P is any point on A B which divides it in the ratio m : n , then P 

STRAND 3 FUNCTIONS (13 marks)

If diagram not drawn

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2022: MATHEMATICS Turn Over

2. Consider the rational function

(a) Find the x intercept.

(b) Find the y intercept.

(c) Find the equations of the vertical asymptotes.

Vertical Asymptotes: let denominator = 0

equations: x  2 and x  3 or x  2  0 and x  3  0

(d) Give the equation of the horizontal asymptote.

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2022: MATHEMATICS

(a) Find an expression for f o g ( x ) Simplify your answer

(b) What is the domain of f o g (x) ? APPLY CONSISTENCY

STRAND 4 TRIGONOMETRY (11 marks)

1. Let 3 sin   cos = R sin    

(a) Find the value of R.

© MMINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2022: MATHEMATICS

2. Solve the following equation where 0    360 .

2sin  cos  cos

2sin  cos   cos   0

  30 ,90 ,150 , 270

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2022: MATHEMATICS

STRAND 5 LIMITS, CONTINUITY AND DIFFERENTIABILITY (7 marks)

1. Evaluate the following:

(c) Find lim f ( x)

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2022: MATHEMATICS

STRAND 6 ALGEBRA (12 marks)

(a) Write down the first two terms of the sequence

first two terms: T1  1 , T2  4

DIVERGENT - The terms are increasing

The sequence is Divergent since the limit is infinity

(Do not calculate the value of the constants)

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2022: MATHEMATICS

3. Prove by mathematical induction that for all positive integers n,

Step 1: Prove that it is true for n = 1

2  4  6  ...  2(1)  1(1  1)

Step 2: Assume that it is true for n = k

Step 3: Prove that it is true for n = k + 1

2  4  6  ...2k  2(k  1)  ( K  1)( K  2)

Thus ny mathematical induction the formula is valid for all n∈N.

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2022: MATHEMATICS

4. Using the Binomial Theorem, expand and simplify  x  3 4

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2022: MATHEMATICS

STRAND 7 PROBABILITY AND INFERENTIAL STATISTICS (12 marks)

Binomial Probability Individual Terms

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY13CE 2022: MATHEMATICS

Part of inverse normal table is shown below