LAMPIRAN A

LEMBAR PERHITUNGAN

A. Linear Heat Conduction

1. Bahan Brass (D=25mm)
Diketahui : ∆x 13 = 0,03 m
∆x 45 = 0,015 m
∆x 68 = 0,03 m
D = 0,0025 m
−3 2
πD2 π (25x 10 m) ¿
A= = =4,9 x 10¿¿ −5 ¿ ¿ m2 ¿
4 4
Pada V=1 volt, I = 0,18 Ampere
T1 = 50 0C T4 = 40 0C T7 = 25 0C
T2 = 47 0C T5 = 35 0C T8 = 23 0C
T3 = 45 0C T6 = 30 0C klit = 99,583 W/m oC
( T 1 + T 2 + T 3 +T 4 +T 5 + T 6 +T 7 +T 8 ) (50+ 47+ 45+40+ 35+30+25+23
= =36 ,873 0 C
Tave= 8 8

Q =VxI
= (1 volt) (0,18 A)
= 0,18 Watt
Q×Δ x 13 ( 0,18 ) ( 0. 03 )
= =2 , 2013
k13= ( A )( T13 ) ( 4,9×10−5
) ( 5 ) W/m oC
Q×Δx 68 ( 0,18 ) ( 0,03 )
= =1 ,572
( A ) ( T 68 ) ( 4,9×10−5 ) (7 )
k68 = W/m oC
Q×Δ x 45 ( 0,18 )( 0,015 )
= =1 , 10
( A ) ( T 45) ( 4,9×10−5 ) ( 5 )
k45 = W/m oC
( k 13 +k 68 + k 45 ) ( 2 ,2013+1 , 572+ 1, 10 )
= =1 , 625
kave = 3 3 W/m oC
k literatur −k ave 99 ,583−1 ,625
×100 %= ×100 %=98 , 37
%error = k literatur 99 ,583 %
 Tabel 6.1. Data hasil perhitungan pada modul Brass 25 mm aliran linear
V, T, oC
I, Q,
vol Tave K13 K45 K68 Kave Klit
ampere T7 T8 watt
t T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6
36,87 1,100
1 0,18 50 47 45 40 35 30 25 23 5 0,18 2,20127 6 1,572 1,6247 99,58
51, 38,33 1,949
2 0,22 2 48 46,4 43,4 37 31 26 24 8 0,44 5,6051 6 3,737 3,7638 99,68
52, 39,43 2,830
3 0,25 2 50 47 45,1 37 32 27 25 8 0,75 8,81921 9 6,948 6,1995 99,76
40,52 5,543
4 0,34 53 50 48,7 46 39 33 28 26 5 1,36 19,3394 9 11,71 12,199 99,84
41,31 8,789
5 0,46 54 51 49,5 47 39 34 29 27 3 2,3 31,2527 8 20,09 20,044 99,89
42,41 11,99
6 0,51 55 52 50 48 40 35 30 28 3 3,06 37,4217 4 26,73 25,382 99,97
43,38 17,38
7 0,65 56 53 51,2 49 41 36 31 30 8 4,55 57,9618 9 42,8 39,384 100

2. Bahan Aluminium (D=25mm)

Diketahui : ∆x 13 = 0,03 m
∆x 45 = 0,015 m
∆x 68 = 0,03 m
D = 0,025 m
−3 2
πD 2 π (25 x 10 m)
A= = =4,9 x 10−5 m2
4 4
Pada V= 1 volt, I = 0,18 Ampere
T1 = 47 0C T4 = 40 0C T7 = 33 0C
T2 = 45 0C T5 = 38 0C T8 = 32,7 0C
T3 = 43,5 0C T6 = 35 0C klit = 203,571 W/m oC
( T 1 +T 2 +T 3 +T 4 +T 5 +T 6 +T 7 +T 8 )
6
( 47+45+ 43 , 5+40+38+ 35+33+32 ,7 )
¿ =34 , 10 C
6
Tave
Q =VxI
= (1 volt) (0,18 A)
= 0,00006 Watt
Q×Δ x 13 ( 0,18 ) ( 0 .03 )
= =3 ,144
( A ) ( T hot ) ( 4,9×10−5 ) ( 4,5 )
k13 = W/m oC
Q×Δx 68 ( 0,18 ) ( 0,03 )
= =4 ,785
( A ) ( T 68 ) ( 4,9×10−5 ) (3,27 )
k68 = W/m oC
Q×Δ x 45 ( 0,18 )( 0,015 )
= =2 , 752
( A ) ( T 45) 0 , 000049 ( 0,1 )
k45 = W/m oC
( k 13 +k 68 + k 45 ) 3 ,144 +4 ,785+ 2, 752)
= =3 , 56
kave = 3 3 W/m oC
k literatur −k ave 203 , 571−3 , 56
×100 %= ×100 %=98 , 251
%error = k literatur 203 , 571 %

Tabel 6.2 Data hasil perhitungan pada modul Aluminium 25 mm aliran linear
V, I, T, oC Q,
Tave K13 K45 K68 Ka
volt ampere T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 watt
1 0,18 47 45 43,5 40 38 35 33 33 40,214 0,18 3,14468 2,75 4,79 3,5
2 0,22 48,5 46 44,9 43,4 39 36 35 33 40,788 0,44 7,47346 3,2 9,61 6,7
3 0,25 49 47 46 45,1 40 37 35 34 41,7 0,75 15,2866 4,68 15,8 11,
4 0,34 50,2 48 47,2 45,8 41 39 36 35 42,763 1,36 27,7197 8,66 26,8 21,
5 0,46 51,1 49 48 46,6 42 39 37 36 43,625 2,3 45,3668 16 46,9 36,
6 0,51 52 50 49 47 43 40 38 37 44,575 3,06 62,3694 23,4 60,4 48,
7 0,65 53,4 51 50,1 48,5 44 41 39 38 45,625 4,55 84,308 30,9 86,9 67,

3. Bahan Stainless steel (D=25mm)

Diketahui : ∆x 13 = 0,03 m
∆x 45 = 0,015 m
∆x 68 = 0,03 m
D = 0,025 m
−3
πD2 π (25 x 10 m)2
A= = =4,9 x 10−6 m2
4 4
Pada V =1 volt, I = 0,18 Ampere
 T1 = 49 0C T4 = 42 0C T7 = 36,2 0C
T2 = 47 0C T5 = 40 0C T8 = 34 0C
T3 = 46,10C T6 = 37 0C klit = 14,835 W/m oC
( T 1+ T 2 + T 3 +T 4 +T 5+ T 6 +T 7 +T 8 )
=
6
(49+ 47+ 46 ,1+ 42+ 40+37+ 36 ,2+34 )
=41 , 416 0 C
Tave = 6
Q =VxI
= (1 volt) (0,18 A)
= 0,18 Watt
Q×Δ x 13 ( 0,18 )( 0 . 03 )
= =5 , 61
( A ) ( T 13) ( 4,9×10−5 ) ( 2 )
k13 = W/m oC
Q×Δx 68 ( 0,18 )( 0,03 )
= =3 , 668
( A ) ( T 68 ) ( 4,9×10−5 ) (2,2 )
k68 = W/m oC
Q×Δ x 45 ( 0,18 )( 0,015 )
= =2 , 752
( A ) ( T 45) ( 4,9×10−5
) ( 2 )
k45 = W/m oC
( k 13 +k 68 + k 45 ) ( 5 ,61+3 , 668+2 , 752 )
= =4 , 008
kave = 3 3 W/m oC
k literatur −k ave 14 , 835−4 , 008
×100 %= ×100 %=72 , 98
%error = k literatur 14 , 835 %
Tabel 6.3 Data hasil perhitungan pada modul Stainless Stell 25 mm aliran linear
V, I, T, oC Q,
K13 K45 K56 Kave Klit Tave
volt ampere T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 watt
4,00
1 0,18 49 47 46,1 42 40 37 36 34 0,18 5,605 2,75159 3,67 8 14,835 41,416
6,79
2 0,2 50 49 47 43 40 38 37 35 0,4 8,153 4,07643 8,15 4 14,859 42,375
52, 11,9
3 0,24 3 50 48 44,4 41 39 39 37 0,72 10,24 6,47433 19,1 5 14,893 43,738
4 0,28 53 51 49,1 45 42 41 39 37 1,12 17,61 11,414 19,6 16,2 14,914 44,576
54, 23,3
5 0,31 2 52 50 46 43 41 40 38 1,55 22,57 13,5396 33,8 2 14,937 45,488
38,2
6 0,42 55 53 51,5 47 43 42 42 39 2,52 44,03 19,2611 51,4 2 14,963 46,513
56, 49,1
7 0,51 1 54 52 48,6 44 43 42 40 3,57 53,24 23,7275 70,4 3 14,988 47,525
 B. Radial Heat Conduction
1. Bahan Brass (D=13mm) R1 = 0,007 m
Diketahui : x = 0.0032 m R6 = 0,005
Pada V = 1 volt, I = 0,00003 Ampere
T1 = 25 0C T4 = 21,4 0C klit = 98,533 W/m oC
T2 = 24 0C T6 = 20 0C
T3 = 23 0C T7 = 18 0C
∆T = T1-T6 = 25 – 18 = 7 oC
( T 1 + T 2 + T 3 +T 4 +T 6 +T 7 ) ( 25+24 +23+21 , 4+ 20+18)
= =21 , 90 C
Tave= 6 6

Q = V x I = (2 volt) (0,00003 A) = 0,00006 Watt

Q
( ( ))
LN
R6
R1
0,00006
( ( ))
LN
0,05
0,007
=2 , 09651
kave = 2 πx( ΔT ) = 2 ( 3 , 14 ) ( 0,0032 ) (7) W/m oC
k literatur −k ave 98 ,533−2 ,09651
×100 %= ×100 %=97 , 872
%error = k literatur 99 ,127 %
Tabel 6.4 Data hasil perhitungan pada modul Brass 13 mm aliran radial
V, I, T, oC Tave, Q, ∆T, k, error, k lit,
volt ampere T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6
0
C watt 0
C W/m0C % W/m0C
1 0,15 25 24 23 21,4 20 18 21,9 0,15 7 2,09649 97,872 98,533
2 0,21 25,5 24,4 23,6 22,6 21 18 22,517 0,42 7,5 5,47882 94,442 98,5762
3 0,26 26 25 24 23,3 22 19 23,217 0,78 7 10,9017 88,946 98,6252
4 0,3 26 25,8 24,9 24 23 19 23,783 1,2 7 16,7719 83,001 98,6648
5 0,34 27,7 26,6 25,6 25 23,8 20 24,783 1,7 7,7 21,6002 78,123 98,7348
6 0,47 28 27 26,4 26,4 24 21 25,467 2,82 7 39,4139 60,1 98,7827
7 0.5 28,2 28 27,3 27,4 24,9 22 26,3 3,5 6,2 55,23 44,122 98,841
 LAMPIRAN B
KONDUKTIVITAS TERMAL LITERATUR

1. Transport processes and unit operation : Christie J. Geankoplis

a. Brass (D=25mm)
Pada suhu 36,8750C, konduktivitas termal bahan brass (D=25mm) 2 volt adalah
36,875−0 k −97
=
100−0 104−97
0
k =99,581 W /m K

b. Aluminium
Pada suhu 39,2750C, konduktivitas termal bahan aluminium adalah :
39,275−0 k −202
=
100−0 206−202
k =203,571W /m0 K
c. Stainless Steel
Pada suhu 41,41630C, konduktivitas termal bahan stainless steel adalah :
41,416−0 k−13,8
=
100−0 16,3−13,8
0
k =14,835 W /m K