BIOGRAPHY

OF
JULIAN ROTTER
 ROTTER'S

1916 .... 1941

Born in Brooklyn In highschool, he Received a PhD in
became familiar clinical psychology
with writings of from Indiana University
Freud and Adler
 ROTTER'S

1954 1963
Published Social Moved to the University
Learning and of Connection and has
Clinical Psychology remained there until his
retirement
INTRODUCTION TO ROTTER'S
SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY
RESTS ON FIVE HYPOTHESIS

Humans interact with their meaningful environments that

are, human behavior stems from the interaction of
environmental and personal factors.

Human personality is learned which suggests that it can

be changed or modified as long as people are capable of
learning.
INTRODUCTION TO ROTTER'S
SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY
RESTS ON FIVE HYPOTHESIS

Personality has a basic unity suggesting that personality

has some basic stability.

Motivation is goal-directed.

People are capable of anticipating events and thu they

are capable of changing their environment and their
personality.
PREDICTING SPECIFIC BEHAVIORS

Rotter suggested four variables that must be

analyzed in order to make accurate predictions
in any specific situation.

These variables are behavior potential,

expectancy, reinforcement value, and the
psychological situation.
 PREDICTING SPECIFIC BEHAVIORS
BEHAVIOR POTENTIAL
Behavior potential is the possibility that a
particular response will occur at a given time
and place in relation to its likely
reinforcement.
 PREDICTING SPECIFIC BEHAVIORS
EXPECTANCY
People's expectancy in any given situation is
their confidence that a particular
reinforcement will follow a specific behavior
in a specific situation/situations.
Expectancies can be either general or
specific, and the overall likelihood or success
is a function of both generalized and specific
expectancies.
 PREDICTING SPECIFIC BEHAVIORS
REINFORCEMENT VALUE
Reinforcement value is a person's preference
for any particular reinforcement over other
reinforcements if all are equally likely to
occur.
Internal reinforcement is the individual's
perception of an event, whereas external
reinforcement refers to society's evaluation of
an event.
 PREDICTING SPECIFIC BEHAVIORS
REINFORCEMENT VALUE
Reinforcement-reinforcement sequences
suggest that the value of an event is a
function of one's expectation that a particular
reinforcement will lead to future
reinforcements.
 PSYCHOTHERAPY
Bring Freedom of Movement and Need Value
into Harmony

Changing Goals
-The role of the therapist
Help patients understand the faulty
nature of their goals
Teach them ways to strive toward
realistic goals.
 PSYCHOTHERAPY
Eliminating Low Expectancies
-The role of the therapist
Teach effective problem solving
Help client to make distinction between
past and present and teach
assertiveness.