For the construction estimate, the unit cost of each item was based on an

actual construction contractor’s rate and some were supplemented from various

average rates and costs listed on the internet. The estimates for the tank were

based on the results from STAAD RCDC, while the estimates for the piping layout

system were based on the length of the pipes in EPANET.

4.4 Project Schedule

As shown in Figure 23, the researchers developed a PERT diagram chart,

which entails identifying and organizing project information and tasks. This

comprises site preparation and tank construction, such as the foundation, tank

walls, tank cover, pipe layout, and post-construction. This insight guarantees that

the researchers are ready to create dependencies and connect tasks in the phases

ahead. The critical path method (CPM) and the PERT formula were used to

estimate the entire project time frame. The critical path is the longest sequence of

tasks that must be done in order for a project to be finished effectively. In order to

estimate the shortest overall project duration, the aim is to determine the longest

path that will take the most time to finish.

Figure 23. PERT/CPM Chart

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Table of the Activities:

Activity No. Activity Duration (days)

Preparation on the site

1 Gathering of Materials 2

2 Transportation of Materials 1

3 site inspection 1

4 Node Marking 1

Protection/Relocation of existing

5 Trees 2

6 Excavation for footing 1

Construction of the tank

Foundation

7 Gravel bedding 1

8 Rebars 2

9 Formworks 2

10 Concrete pouring 2

11 Curing 3

12 Soil backfill 1

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 Tank walls

13 Rebars 3

14 Formworks 2

15 Concrete pouring 3

16 Curing 3

17 Surface finishing 1

18 Waterproofing 1

Tank Cover

19 Rebars 2

20 Formworks 2

21 Concrete pouring 2

22 Curing 3

23 Surface finishing 1

Lay out of pipes

24 Excavation 8

25 Installation of pipes 6

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26 Pipes fitting 5

27 Valves installation 5

28 Pump installation 1

29 Soil backfill 6

Post construction

30 Waterfilling 1

31 Inspection 1

32 Test run 1

33 Clean up 3

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 Table 3. PERT/CPM

PATHS:

PATH A: START-1-2-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-30-

31-32-33-END

PATH B: START-1-2-24-25-26-27-28-29-30-31-32-33-END

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PATH C: START-3-4-24-25-26-27-28-29-30-31-32-33-END

PATH D: START-3-5-24-25-26-27-28-29-30-31-32-33-END

CRITICAL PATH: START-1-2-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-

22-23-30-31-32-33-END

PATH DURATION (Days) FLOAT/SLACK

A 44 0

B 37 7

C 43 1

D 44 0

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 Figure 24. GANTT Chart

Table 2, illustrates the early start to early finish as well as the late start to a

late finish of the project. The path: START-1-2-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-

17-18-19-20-21-22-23-30-31-32-33-END is the critical activity. This is an activity

that cannot be delayed. The other activity, on the other hand, can occur at any

time. Figure 2 illustrates the project's Gantt Chart. On the left side of the chart,

you'll find a list of the activities, and at the top, you'll find a suitable time scale. To

summarize, a Gantt chart shows what must be done (activities) and when it must

be completed (the schedule). The non-critical activities are shown by the shaded

red row, which indicates how many days they can be delayed.

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4.5 Resource Requirements

Table 4. Resource Requirements

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