BS 812: Part4 :19V6

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I BritishStandardMethodsfor
Samplingandtestingof mineral
I\1ATE,R
IA[A B-IIMI]-ED
uate received

sandsandfillers 0 3 MAY1996
I aggregates,
LIBRARY
Part4. Chemicalprop-erties

I
Methodes d'dchantillonnage desgranulats
et d'essai mindraux, et fillers
sables
t Probeentnahme
chimfQues
Partie4. Caract6ristiques
ftjr mineralische
und Prrifverfahren Aggregate,
Sandund Mischungszusa'tze
Teil 4. Chemische
Eigenschaften
l,
I Foreword
This EritishStandardhasbeenpreparedunder the authority Part 3 coversmechanicalpropertieslaggregate impact
ol t he B oad E n g i n e e ri nSta g n d a rdC s o m m i ttee.B S 812 w as value,aggregate crushingvalue;ten per cent fine5value,

I f ir s t publis h e di n 1 9 3 8a n ds u b s e q u e n tlre
1 9 5 1 ,1 9 6 0a n d 1 9 6 7 .
The standardhasbeenrearranged
y vi sedi n 1943,

and is now publishedin

aggregate abrasionvalueand polished-stone value.
This Part (Part4) coverschemicalproperties:chloride
content.

I Parts,issuedseparatelyasfollows.
Part 1 coverssampling,size,shapeand petrol€ical
classilication.
E xperi encew i th the test for organi ci mpuri ti e s,included
i n the 1967edi ti on,hasreveal ed di ffi cul ti eswhich cannot
readily be resolved.Further considerationis beinggivento

t Part 2 coversphysicalproperties:relativedensity,water this test.

abs or pt ion, b u l k d e n s i ty(m a s sp e r u n i t v o l u me),voi ds,
bulking and moisturecontent.

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I BritishStandards
lnstitution Gr2
 I t : 1976
8 S8 1 2: ' P a r 4

l' 3.4,1 Sitver nitratesolution

(0.1r'r).Dry a,)out20 g of
1. Scope i i r" " ,.^i " " " at not more than 110" C l or t h to 2 h and

I This Part of this standardcoversthe 6"1u'6in61ienof the

amount of watersolublechloridesaltsin the aggregale'
Testsfor other chemicalpropertiesof aggregates may be
,iio* to"oof . Weigh 16.987 g of
Aisrotvein distilledwater and diluta to 1000
the dried,silver

,otu."rric flask.Storethe solutionin the amber'coloured

.nitrate'
ml in a

to
glassreagentbottle and protect from prolongedexposure
I covered in due

2. References
course.
su n l i ght.
3.4.2 Potassiumthiocyanatesolution
(approximatelY
The titles of the standardspublicationsreferredto in this g of potassium thiocyanate In

t 0,1trtl.Oissolve 10.5
standardare listedon page3. di sti l l ed w aterand di l ute i o 1000 ml i n a vol umetri cfl a sk'
it will be a little
Standardizethe solutionaccordingto 3'5;
3. Chtoridecontent strongerthan0.1 N .
3.1 Principte'This test is a method of measuringthe
I
of
3.4.3 Nitric acid (approximately 6N/' Oilute 100 ml
amount of watersolublechloridesaltspresentin an . nitric acid {70 % HN03 1'42 g/ml) with distilled water to
aggregate. . 250 ml . B oi l the di l utedaci dunti l i t i s col ourl ess'
t The chloridesare expressed in termsof and rePortedasthe
: 3.4.4 3,5,5 TrimethYlhexan-l'ol'
I chloride ion content.'
tr,, ;;.";;'il;;i;.;. solution to ihechloride
isadded 3.4.5 Ferric alum indicator solution' A cold saturated
(about
^rii so l u ti onand t he unr e a c te d p o rti o ni s b a c kti tra te dw i th solutionof ferric ammoniumsulphatein water
4A %l to which a few drops of 6N nitric acid have been
i'- standard potassium thiocyanate, usingferric ammonrum
(}nu,. asan Inorcaror' added.
I
i2 sampting.The samplefor th;s test shatlbe taken and 3.5 Standardization of the potassiumthiocyanatesolution'
su b mit t edin ac c or da n cwei th c l a u s e5 o f Pa rt 1 : 1 9 7 5of P i pette25 ml of 0' l l si l verni tratesol uti oni nto a 250 m l
I this standard.Wherethe aggregate to be testedcarries conical f laskand add 5 ml oi 6trtnitric acid and 1 ml of
I su rfa c ewat er t he s alt w
s i l l n o rm a l l yb e d i s s o l v e idn b oth ferric alum indicatorsolution.Then add Potassium
' this and the absorbed water and hence the salt content will thiocyanatesolution{rom a buretteuntil the {irst
t b e a ff ec t edby m igr a ti o no f w a te rth ro u g hth e b u l k permanentcolour changeoccurs,that is {rom colourlessto
I ma l er ialsG. r eatc ar es h a l lb e ta k e nto e n s u reth a t th e pale brown. Note the volumeof potassiumthiocyanate
I sa mp leis r eP r es ent a tiov feth e m o i s tu rec o n te n t,a swel l as solutionaddedand calculatethe normality of the solution
th e so lidsby, pr ev en ti n lgo s so f mo i s tu ree, x c e p tth ro ugh from the l ol l ow i ngequati on.
t hr oughth e s a m p l i n gp ro c e d u re a n d a t a ny
I
I
e va p or at ion,
su b sequent s t aqe up t o th e p o i n t o f te s t. ' =n\
- 2.5

N O T E . l t i s r e c o m m e n d e dt h a t w h e n t h i s d e t e r m i n a t i o ni s a p p l i e d w here
in oraclice fu.ther coniiderarion shor.rldbe given to the place and
I tim6 of samplinq the aggregatein question, so thal rhe resulG will
be J"is the normality of potassiumthiocyanatesolution
I
meaningful fot the particular purpose. yl is the volume of potassiumthiocyanateadded(ml)
3.3 Apparatus.The following apparatusis required'
3.6 Subsamples for test.Threerepresentative subsamples
I 33J A balancecapableof weighingto 1 kg, accurateto at the l abor a'
0 . 1s . shal lbe obtai nedfrom the sampl erecei veo
I tory by prepari nq the sampl efor reducti onby quarter ing
A balancecapableof weighing100 9, accurateto i n accordance 5.2.4(b)of P art' l : 1975of thi s
w i th

lq: Two 1000 ml volumetric flasks,

3.3.4A 10 ml.graduatedmcasuringcylinder.
standardand di vi di ngthe fl attenedheapal ongthreera dii
to producethreeequalparts.E achpart shal lthen.
separatel y,be reducedei therby usi nga sarnpl e
by quarteri ng, al l i n accordance
di vi deror
w i th 5' 2' 4 of P art 1 : 1975
3.3.5 A 500 ml graduatedmeasudngcylinder.
I 3.3.6 A 100 rnlpipette.
3.3.7 A 25 ml pipette.
of thi s standard,

threesubsampl es
taki ngcareto avoi dl ossof moi sture '
exceptthroughevaporati on.
shal be
l
The massof eachof these
about0.5 kg for fi ne aggre gat e
E ach
and 1 kg for coarseaggregate and al l -i naggregate'

I 3.3.8 Two 50 ml burettes.

3.3.9 Conicalf lasks,250 ml capacity. At leastf our are
recommended.
3.7 P rocedure
subsamplshal
exdeedi ng
e lbe dri edby heati ngat a te:nperature
110 " C .
not

3 .3 .1 0 A was ltbot t le c o n ta i n i n gd i s ti l l e dw a tc r.
I 3.3.11 An antber-coloured glessreagentbottle.
3.3."12 Threeplasticsbottles.wide mouth, with screw
3.7.1 General.The chloridesalt content shallbe deter'
mi nedon eachof the threesubsampl es
durcsgi veni n 3.7.2and 3.7' 3asappropri ate'
usi ngthe proce-

l o p s, 1 lit r e t o 1. 25li tre c a p a c i ty . Placea known mass(rn) of about

I 3.3.13 A well-ventilatcdoven,capable
to maint iin a t c m pe ra tu re o f 1 0 5t 5
of beingcontrolled
-C . '
3.7.2 Fineaggregate.
500 g of the
toppuapl asti cs
dry subsampl ien tl rew i de m' )uth'screw
bottl e.A dd 500 ml of di sti l l edw aterand
Takeone
si raki ng'
3.3.14 A funnel and a good guality filter paper which al l owto standfor 24 h, w i th occasi onal

I yi e l dsa c learf ilt r at em a y b e re q u i rc di n a fe w c a s e s .

3 .4 R eagent sUs . eol rl y rc a g e n tso f re c o g n i z eadn a l yti cal
re a g entgr ade.and or rl yd i s ti l l e du ..-a l e o r w a te ro l
100 ml porti on of
pi petteand trarrsl er
the
to
supernatant
the
l i qui d
250 ml coni calfl ask'
by means

NOTE, lf thc rupcrnatont liquid is discolorrred by suspendedsil!

o f t lt e

or
T

tlre pottion is taken'

I
ctav it should be filtered betore
n t qualit y .
e q u i v alc

I
I 8S812:Part4:1976

l' c A dd 5 m t o f 6 tt n i tri ca c i dto th e fl a s kl o l l ow edbv 0.1N

I silvernitrate solutionfrom a buretteuniil all the chloride

hasbeenp re c i p i ta teadn d th e n a d d 1 0 ml i n excess.
the total volume (/r ) of silvernitrate solutionadded.
N ote where
C is the ch
Add 2 mt ot 3,5,5 trimethylhexan-l'ol and agitatethe

t solutionvigorouslyto coagulatgthe precipitale.Add 5 ml

of t he f er r i ca l u m i n d i c a to rs o l u ti o nfo l l o w edby the
standardized potassiumthiocyanatesolutionfrom a
Yr is the volumeof

i s the vol umeof tassiumthiocvanate

buretteuntil the lirst permanentcolour changeoccurs,that

I is from colourlessto palebrown. Note the volume (V3) of

potassiumthiocyanatesolution added.
3.7.3 Coarseaggregateand all-in aggregate.The procedure
ml)

T shallbe the rameas that for fine aggregate

massof the dry subsample
'3.8 Calculation.The percentage
shallbe about 1 kg.
exceptthat the

of chlorideionsshallbe
the massof the subsample(91

I calculatedfrom the equation:

1' r ' rR
C = -;= lvl - 10 TVsl %
the nearest0.01 % togther with the individualresults
obtained.

lo where
C is the chlorideion contentas a percentage
of the dry aggregate;
by mass

y 2 is t he v o l u meo f 0 ,1 N s i l v e rn i tra tes ol uti onadded

T (inml);
V3 is the volumeof standardizedpotasium thiocyanate
solution added(in ml);

I f is t he n o rma l i tyo f th e s ta n d a rd i z epotassi

t hioc y a n a tes o l u ti o n ;
r n is t he ma s so f th e s u b s a mp l(i
d um

e n g ).' i uD a:- r t

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I( Standardspublicationsreferrcdto

t
BS Bl? Methods fol sanrpt,ng!nd testin0 of minerat aggrcantes,ssnclsa.rd filters
P s r t I S a m l r t i n g !, i z c , i h a p e a n d c l a r s i f i c a t i o n
Part ? pltysrcalDropertics
Pnrl 3 McchariicJl prolrcrtier

,l
 8S812:Part4:1976
Thir Eritiih Srandard,hwing bcen preparedund€r the direction of Conract acqu araman tt
tho Foad EnginecringStandardsCommittee.r..a3publishedunder Atrentioo i3 drawn to the lact that this Eritish Standard does not
tha aurhorityof the Executiv€Boardon30 september1976. purport to include all the nec€ssary proeisions of.a contact.

@ EritishStandarditn3titurion,1976 BrYirion ol British Standatds

Briti:h Standards 8re revised, when nec€siary. by the is3us cither of
8s 812 lir3t pubtishod octobe. 1938 and rsvilad in 1943. 1951.
smendrnent rlips or ot revis€d editions. lt is impo.tant thd uss.' ol
I 1960 and 1967
Briri:h Slandar6 ihould ascfftain thrt thry .ta in p6tt5iqn of
BS 812: Pan 4 ti6r oublirhcd Seorember 1976 dra lrtart arnrodm.nts or tditions.
t
ISBN: 0 580 09087 4 Ths lollovJing 8Sl references .etata to dle wolk on this standard:
Copyright Committee reference RO8/5 Draft for comment 7514O428OC
I U'e.t ot Brit;sh Standardi ar! rominded th3t copyright sub6istt in all and draft for approval 76/1O855
I 8Sl publication3. No part of thii publication maY be t€produced in
lnv form without tha p.ior p€rmistion in writing of BSl.
Thi: doos not pr€qlude the tree ur€, in the coqrl€ ol implementing
I tho 3tandard, of necelsary delails such as symbols and size, typ€ or
I gtad€ derignations. Enquiries should b€ addressedto thg
t Publicarions Manager,101 Pentonviqe fioad, London Nl gNO
Ol-8378801; Telex23218).
/.---4-fdephone

I --.
-rperatrnq
U'
orqanrzauons
The Road EngineeringStandardsComminee, under whose
rupervirion this Iritish Standard was prepared, consists ot
Institute of Ouarrying
'lnstitution of Civil Engineers
'lnstitution of Highway Engineers

t .
representativesfrom tho tollowing Government depertment! and
rcientific and indusrrial organizations:
'A3ohalt and Coated Macadam Association
Association of Consulting Engineers
'Eritish Ouarrying and Slag Federation
'lnstitution ol Municipal Engineer3
In3titution of Structural Engineers
Ministry of Delence
Re{ined Bitumen Association Limited

I 'B.irish Tar Industry Ajsociation

rCemeot and Concrete Associatioo
.Concrete Society
Conlracto.s' Plant Association
Road Emulsion Arrociation Limited
Road Surface OressingAssociation
'Sand and Gravel Association Limited
'Society of Chemical lndustry
.

t 'County Surveyors' Society

'Oepartment of the Environment
rDepartment ol rh€ Eovironment, Transport and Road Research
Laboratory
The organizations marked with an €ste.isk in the above list.
together vr'ith the {ollowing, were directly representedon the
committee entrusted with the oreparalion of this Eritirh Standard:
Sritish Civil Engi'leering Test Equipment Man.rfacturers'
Federation ol Civil EngineeringContractors

I FederBtion of Manufacturers of Construdion Equipment and

Cranes
'Greater Loodon Council
Associalion
Oepartment of the €nvironment {Building Ftefeatch Establishment)
Natural Environment ResearchCouncil - Institute of Geological
Science
lnslitute ot Petroleum

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