1. What Materials from which documents are made? Illustrate and explain?

PAPER- Paper is a sheet of interlaced fiber

usually cellulose fibers from plants, but sometimes
from cloth rags or other fibrous materials that is
formed by pulping the fibers and causing them to felt,
or mat, to form a solid surface.
The majority of documents are written,typed or
printed on paper.It is said that paper is written,typed
or printed on paper.It was invented by the Chinese
more than two thousand years ago, but knowledge of
its manufacture was slow to spread unto Europe. The
exact date when paper was first made in Europe was
not known: it was certainly being made in France in the
twelfth century and knowledge of the paper making
process had spread to England by A.D. 1600.
Incidentally, it is no coincidence that the invention and
manufacture in quantity of the iron-tannin ink are
contemporary with the spread of papermaking in
Europe.Both are complementary,for the production of
writing paper in quantity called for the invention of an
improved type of pen and ink for the use with this new
material.

INK- is a liquid or paste that contains pigments

or dyes and is used to color a surface to produce an
image, text, or design. Ink is used for drawing or writing
with a pen, brush, or quill. Thicker inks, in paste form,
are used extensively in letterpress and lithographic
printing. Ink can be a complex medium, composed of
solvents, pigments, dyes, resins, lubricants, solubilizers,
surfactants, particulate matter, fluorescents, and other
materials. The components of inks serve many
purposes; the ink's carrier, colorants, and other
additives affect the flow and thickness of the ink and its
dry appearance.(See Figure 23-29)

WRITING INSTRUMENT- A pen is derived from

the Latin word “penna" means feather. It is a writing
implement used to apply ink to a surface, such as
paper, for writing or drawing.Historically, reed pen,
quill pen and dip pen were used,with a nib dipped in
ink. Ruling pen allow precise adjustment of line width,
and still find a few specialized uses,but technical pen
such as the Rapidograph are more commonly used.
Modern types also include ballpoint,rollerball,fountain
and felt or ceramic tip pen.(See Figure 30-51)