Examples

1) Source: LED

Distance= 6km
Sensitivity= -42dBm
Ptx= -13dBm
Fiber attenuation=3.5dB/km
Connector insertion loss= 1dB. We have two connectors
Margin= 6dB

Tx Rise Time= 15ns

LED spectral width= 40nm
distance= 6km
RX bandwidth= 25MHz
Fiber bandwidth= 400MHzKm with q= 0.7
Material dispersion of fiber: 0.07ns/(nm*km)

Power link budget and rise time budget for RZ and NRZ.

Power budget

Prx= Ptx – FiberAttn – ConnectorLoss – Margin

Ptx= -13bm, FiberAttn= (3.5dB/km)* 6Km = 21 dB , ConnectorLoss= 2dB

Prx= -13dBm – 21dB -2dB -6dB = -42dBm Prx>= sensitivity with margin

Prx = -36 dBm without considering the margin. Prx > sensitivity

Rise time budget

Tsys=

Ttx= 15ns, Tmat= 0.07ns/(nm*km) * 40nm * 6km = 16.8 ns , Tmod= (0.44*6)0.7/ 400 = 4.93 ns

Trx = 0.35/25MHz = 14ns

Tsys = (152 + 16.82 + 4.932 +142)1/2 = 26.97ns

For NRZ

t sys < 70 % tb , t sys < 0.7tb tb= 38.52ns , then maximum bit rate= 1/38.52ns = 25.96Mbps
For RZ

t sys < 35 % tb , t sys < 0.35tb tb= 77.05ns, then maximum bit rate = 12.95 Mbps.

2)
Length: 30Km
fiber attn: 0.5 dB/km
Coupled laser diode output -2 dBm
APD sensitivity at 2.5 Gbps -32 dBm
Splice loss= 0.1 dB
Connector loss: 0.6 dB
Roll length= 5Km
Margin =6dB

■ A laser transmitter with a 0.1-ns rise time and a 1.0-nm spectral width
■ An APD receiver with a front-end bandwidth B RX ⫽ 2500 MHz
■ A G.655 single-mode fiber with D CD ⫽ 4 ps/(nm⫽km) a

Power budget

Prx= Ptx – FiberAttn – ConnectorLoss – Spliceloss - Margin

Ptx= -2bm, FiberAttn= (0.5 dB/km)* 30Km = 15 dB , ConnectorLoss= 1.2dB, Spliceloss= 5*0.1dB =
0.5dB, Margin= 6dB

Prx= -2dBm – 15dB -1.2dB - 0.5dB - 6dB = -24.7dBm Prx>= sensitivity with margin

Prx = -18.7 dBm without considering the margin. Prx > sensitivity

Rise time budget

Tsys=

Ttx= 0.1ns, Tmat= 4ps/(nm*km) * 1nm * 30km = 120ps = 0.12ns , Tmod= 0

Trx = 0.35/2500MHz = 0.14ns

Tsys = (0.12 + 0.122 + 0.142)1/2 = 0.2ns

or bit rate= 2.5Gbps, Tb= 0.4ns 0.7Tb= 0.28ns

For NRZ
t sys < 70 % tb , t sys < 0.7tb .

For 2.5Gbps, tb= 0.4ns . It works because 0.2ns< 0.28ns

0.35tb= 0.14ns

For RZ

It does not work because tsys > 0.35tb, 0.2ns > 0.14ns