Department of Education

Region III
DIVISION OF MABALACAT CITY

Name: Grade & Section:

School: Date:

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

TLE 7/8 – HORTICULTURE (Lesson 4)
Lay-out Garden Plots

I. Introduction

A whole farm plan considers the farm‘s physical, financial and human/personal
resources for both now and the future. This section will discuss how plants or crops are
arranged, the different methods of planting crops in the farm and differentiate designs of
irrigation system.

This learning activity sheet will help you on how to lay-out garden plots.

II. Learning Competency

Lay-out garden plots

III. Objectives
After going through these learning activity sheets, you are expected to:
1. determine how crops are arranged in row planting and the different methods of
planting crops in the farm;
2. follow strictly planting system and practices according to approved cultural
practices; and
3. differentiate designs of irrigation system.

IV. Discussion
How Crops are Arranged in Row Planting

Row planting as used in traditional horizontal farming or gardening is a linear crop

method in at least one direction rather than planting without any particular arrangement. In
most crops, either direct seed, transplanted
or grown from vegetative planting materials, both monocropping and multicropping, is
practiced.

Crops are planted in rows or straight lines, either in single rows or in several rows,
primarily to maximize the overall yield as well as for convenience.

The specific advantages of row planting over broadcasting or scatter planting include
the following: (1) light absorption is maximized and, conversely, the excessive shading
effect of other plants is minimized thus favoring more efficient photosynthesis and
improved crop yield; (2) wind passage along the interrows is enhanced which increases gas
exchanges and prevents excessive humidity; (3) access through the interrows facilitates
cultivation, weeding, and other farm operations including hauling; (4) movement within
the crop area is convenient and allows close inspection of individual plants; and (5) visibility
is enhanced.

Row Planting Arrangement

Row-planted crops are either arranged in
equidistant single rows or in multiple rows. Planting
in single rows is most
common in monocropping or sole cropping, the
growing of a single crop. In the hill method of
planting crops by direct seeding, the crops are
arranged, singly or in group, in uniform distances. But
in the drill method,
the only consideration is a uniform number of plants
per linear meter.

greentumble.com,https://images.app.goo.gl/
VM8V4bsdCa68fReF6
Multiple Row Planting Arrangement
Multiple row planting is a method of
growing crops in blocks or strips of two or more rows.
The adjacent blocks are separated by a space that
could remain vacant or cultivated for other crops.
This planting arrangement is typical in multiple crops
where two or more crops are planted in the same
piece of land. It is often used in monocropping where
there is a need for an alley wide enough to allow
passage.

UAEX.edu,https://images.app.goo.gl/o96
bLuUU8kSJZC5t6

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Spatial Arrangement in Intercropping
Spatial arrangement is the organized
distribution of the farm area or other growing area
for crop production. In multiple cropping by
intercropping, the intercrop can be planted in any of
the following ways: (1) within the rows of the
maincrop, (2) between the rows of the maincrop,
and (3) in replacement series.

gardenerspath.com,https://images.ap
,
p.goo.gl/foPBdCW2FtC5aUwF8
Methods of Planting Crops in the Farm

In general, there are two methods of planting crops: direct seeding and transplanting.
Direct seeding is either by broadcast, hill or dibble, or by drill method. The hill and the drill
methods are alternative options in row planting.

Direct seeding or direct sowing

is a form of planting in which seeds are
planted directly
on the field or on any growing surface
while transplanting is using pre-grown
trees, seedlings or vegetatively
propagated clones.
Direct seeding usually refers to large-
seeded crops as well as cereals and bioadvanced.com,https://images.app.goo.gl/E2Y9MeKcc8AjSgeH9

grain legumes.
Transplanting is most common in small-grained plants, vegetatively propagated crops,
ornamental crops, fruit trees and many perennial crops. The term direct seedling is most
widely used to refer to the planting of seedlings or underground planting materials directly
into the soil.

Planting crops by broadcasting

or sabog tanim or scatter planting
usually refers to
small seeds, such as rice and mung
beans, which are capable of germination
and productive growth without soil
cover.
With hand broadcasting, a
volume of seeds is held by the hand and
thrown with a wide swath. Skill is knowledgebank.irri.org,https://images.app.goo.gl/J33j9j1ugQXVF 4Ba6

important to ensure

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even distribution of seeds per unit ground area based on the desired seeding rate per
hectare.

Excessive seeding per unit area would mean that the prepared seeds will have been
entirely seeded, but a part of the field is still unplanted, and so additional seed needs to be
collected.

A hill is the particular location on the field where a plant or group of plants is grown.
The hill method of direct seeding is done by dropping seeds in holes made by a dibbler or in
furrows that are more or less equidistant. But with mechanized farming, a combine furrower-
planter is commonly used.

In contrast to direct seedling, transplanting is a form of planting crops in which

potted plants or pre-grown seedlings or clones are planted on the
ground, on another growing surface or on another growing structure. In certain crops, it is
popular to prune seedlings from the seed bed and transplant them bareroot to the garden
plot.

IRRIGATION SYSTEM PLAN AND DESIGN

Water required by crops is supplied by nature in the form of rain, but when it
becomes insufficient or its distribution does not correspond with peak demand, it must be
supplied artificially by irrigation. Several irrigation methods are available and the selection
of one depends on factors such as availability of water, crop, soil characteristics, land
topography and related costs.

Proper design of the irrigation system allows the pumping system to balance the
irrigation delivery system exactly so that the pumping system can produce the necessary
pressure and flow rate effectively.

Irrigation water management includes deciding when to irrigate, the volume of

water to be used at each irrigation occurrence and at each point of the project, and the
installation and maintenance of the irrigation system. The main objective of management is
to maintain the production system without sacrificing the ecosystem and in harmony with
the supply of water.

Functions of Farm Irrigation System

The primary function of farm irrigation systems is to supply crops with irrigation
water in the quantities and at the time it is needed. Specific function includes: (1) diverting
water from the water source, (2) conveying it to individual fields within the farm, (3)
Distributing it within each field; and (4)

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providing a means for measuring and regulating flows. Other functions of farm irrigation
system include crop and soil cooling, protecting crops from frost damage, delaying fruit and
bud development, and controlling wind erosion, providing water for seed germination,
application of chemicals, and land application of wastes.

DIFFERENT DESIGNS OF IRRIGATION SYSTEMS

1. SURFACE IRRIGATION- water is applied to the field in either the controlled or

uncontrolled manner.

Surface irrigation consists of:

1.1 Furrow System

fao.org, https://images.app.goo.gl/uoLac1SeA56rHXuC6

1.2 Border Irrigation System

fao.org, https://images.app.goo.gl/goJivRUmY3zhpzJz8

1.3 Basin Irrigation System

fao.org, https://images.app.goo.gl/NuFB78zpqwzo56Qz5

2. SPRINKLER IRRIGATION – is ideal in areas where water is scarce. A sprinkler

system conveys water through pipes and applies it with minimum amount of losses.

researchgate.net,https://images.app.goo.gl/DKJMogzziTnbyARh6

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3. DRIP OR TRICKLE IRRIGATION – water is applied directly to the crop

fao.org, https://images.app.goo.gl/nHeFAL7ajnABkURn6

Guide Questions:
1. How must crops are arranged in row planting?
2. Why is it important to follow the planting system and practices?
3. What are the different designs of irrigation system?

V. Activity
A. IDENTIFICATION
Write the names of the different designs of irrigation system on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. 2.

3. 4.

5.

B. ENUMERATION
List down the specific advantages of row planting (5pts)

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VI. Assessment
Multiple Choice
Write the letter of the correct answer on a separate paper.

1. It is a method of planting crops by direct seeding, wherein the crops are arranged, singly
or in group, in uniform distances.
A. Hill method B. Row planting C. Drill method

2. What method of planting is used for growing crops in blocks or strips of two or more
rows?
A. Spatial arrangement
B. Single row planting
C. Multiple row planting

3. What method of planting is used when seeds are directly planted on the ground?
A. Direct Seeding B. Monocropping C. Intercropping

4. What is the other term for broadcasting?

A. Sabog buto B. Sabog tanim C. Sabog binhi

5. What do you call the organized distribution of the farm area or other growing area for
crop production?
A. Spatial arrangement B. Multiple row C. Single row

6. What irrigation design is ideal in areas where water is scarce?

A. Drip or trickle B. Sprinkler irrigation C. Surface irrigation

7. What do you call the irrigation design wherein water is applied directly on the crop?
A. Drip or trickle B. Sprinkler irrigation C. Surface irrigation

8. Which of the following irrigation design in which water is applied to the field in either
the controlled or uncontrolled manner?
A. Drip or trickle B. Sprinkler irrigation C. Surface irrigation

9. The following are the functions of irrigation system except .

A. diverting water from the water source
B. conveying water to general fields within the farm
C. providing a means for measuring and regulating flows

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10. The following are the advantages of row planting over broadcasting or scatter planting
except .
A. light absorption is maximized and, conversely
B. wind passage along the inter-rows is enhanced
C. movement within the crop area is inconvenient

VII. Reflection

Answer the following question briefly:

1. Why do we need to follow strictly planting system and practices according to
approved cultural practices?

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VIII. Reference

Department of Education. K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum, Technology and Livelihood

Education Learning Module, Agricultural Crop Production, Exploratory Course (Grade
7 and Grade 8)

IMAGES:
bioadvanced.com, https://images.app.goo.gl/E2Y9MeKcc8AjSgeH9
fao.org, https://images.app.goo.gl/goJivRUmY3zhpzJz8
fao.org, https://images.app.goo.gl/nHeFAL7ajnABkURn6
fao.org, https://images.app.goo.gl/NuFB78zpqwzo56Qz5
fao.org, https://images.app.goo.gl/uoLac1SeA56rHXuC6
gardenerspath.com, https://images.app.goo.gl/foPBdCW2FtC5aUwF8
greentumble.com, https://images.app.goo.gl/VM8V4bsdCa68fReF6
knowledgebank.irri.org, https://images.app.goo.gl/J33j9j1ugQXVF4Ba6
researchgate.net, https://images.app.goo.gl/DKJMogzziTnbyARh6
UAEX.edu,https://images.app.goo.gl/o96bLuUU8kSJZC5t6

IX. Answer Key

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X. Development Team

Development Team of the Learning Activity Sheets

Writer: Melanie T. Tangtang
Editor: Anthony Rayley Cabigting, DEM Reviewer:
Jemima S. Dadulla, Anna Ramos Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team: Engr. Edgard C. Domingo, PhD,CESO V
Leandro C. Canlas, PhD, CESE Elizabeth
O. Latorilla, PhD Sonny N. De Guzman,
EdD Anthony Rayley Cabigting, DEM
Elizabeth C. Miguel, EdD

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Division of Mabalacat

P. Burgos St., Poblacion, Mabalacat City, Pampanga

Telefax: (045) 331-8143

E-mail Address: mabalacatcity@deped.gov.ph

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