Assignment 2

(1) Is your city vulnerable to natural hazards?

(1) Cities in Canada are indeed vulnerable to natural hazards. Due to Canada's vast geographical size
and diverse climate, different regions experience various types of natural disasters. These hazards
can include but are not limited to floods, wildfires, winter storms, earthquakes, severe storms, and
coastal erosion.

(2) If yes, what type of natural disasters occurred recently?

(2) The specific types of natural disasters that have occurred recently in cities across Canada vary
depending on the region.
For example:

• In coastal areas, cities may experience storms, storm surges, and coastal erosion.
• In forested regions, cities may face the risk of wildfires.
• In areas prone to heavy rainfall or snowmelt, cities may encounter flooding.
• Regions along fault lines may be susceptible to earthquakes.

(3) How does the city government take account of natural disaster risks in planning and/or
budgeting process?
3) City governments in Canada consider natural disaster risks in their planning and budgeting
processes in various ways:

• Conducting risk assessments and hazard mapping to identify areas prone to natural disasters.
• Incorporating disaster risk reduction measures into urban planning and development
regulations.
• Allocating budget resources for emergency preparedness, response, and recovery efforts.
• Collaborating with regional and national authorities to ensure coordination and alignment with
broader disaster management strategies.
• Engaging with stakeholders, including communities, businesses, and non-governmental
organizations, to incorporate local perspectives and expertise in disaster risk planning.
(4) What are the main responsibilities of the local government in case of disasters?
(4) The main responsibilities of local governments in Canada in case of disasters include:

• Developing and implementing emergency response plans tailored to the specific risks faced
by their region.
• Establishing emergency management structures and coordinating with relevant agencies and
organizations.
• Issuing evacuation orders, establishing emergency shelters, and providing support to affected
populations.
• Conducting damage assessments and coordinating the restoration of critical infrastructure.
• Communicating timely and accurate information to the public about the situation, warnings,
and safety measures.
• Facilitating recovery and rehabilitation efforts, including access to resources and support for
affected individuals and businesses.

(5) Is there any compensation mechanism for disaster losses, who funds it and who administers it?
(5) Canada has compensation mechanisms in place to support disaster losses. These mechanisms
may involve multiple stakeholders and funding sources:

• Private insurance: Individuals and businesses can obtain insurance coverage to protect against
specific risks, such as property damage or business interruption, through private insurance
providers.
• Government programs: The federal and provincial governments in Canada may offer disaster
recovery funding and financial assistance to individuals, businesses, and municipalities. These
programs help cover losses that are not covered by insurance.
• Funding sources: The funds for compensation mechanisms can come from various sources,
including government budgets, emergency management funds, and contributions from the public
and private sectors.
• Administration: The administration of compensation mechanisms typically involves government
agencies responsible for disaster management and may require collaboration with insurance
providers, financial institutions, and other relevant stakeholders.
• It's important to note that specific details on vulnerability, recent events, risk planning, and
compensation mechanisms can vary across cities and provinces in Canada.
• It is recommended to refer to local government authorities, emergency management agencies,
and relevant resources specific to your city or region for more accurate and detailed information.