ATATÜRK’S PRINCIPLES AND HISTORY OF TURKISH REVOLUTION II

FINAL EXAM STUDY QUESTIONS

The final exam will consist of 25 questions. 20 of these questions were selected from study
questions. 5 of them were selected from slides and videos on Birdeha.
III. Soviet threat against military aid to Turkey
and Greece
1. Which of the following is the name given
to the historical period in which there which of these goals did it want to achieve?
were great conflicts in the economic,
A) Only I.
military, ideological, political and
cultural fields between the two great B) Only II.
states betwen the USA AND USSR that
came after the Second World War? C) Only III.

A) Cold War D) I and II.

B) Asymmetric War E) I, II and III.

C) Acoustic War 4. Turkey's admission to the North

Atlantic Treaty Organization in 1952;
D) Hot War
I. Sending troops to Korea,
E) Nuclear War
II. The USSR's acquisition of nuclear weapons,
2. Among the organizations led by the
USSR in the Cold War Period; III. Being a member of the Council of Europe

I. Warsaw Pact, Which of these developments facilitated its

entry into NATO?
II. COMECON,
A. Only I
III. COMİNFORM
B. Only II.
Which of these can be said to be included?
C. I and II.
A) Only I.
D. II and III.
B) Only III.
E. I, II and III.
C) I and II.
5. Which of the following is not one of the
D) II and III. measures taken by the Western Bloc
against the Eastern Bloc?
E) I, II and III.
A. The establishment of NATO
3. On 12 March 1947, US President Harry
S. Truman declared the Truman B. Installing Cominform
Doctrine to support and strengthen
Europe. C. Foundation of the Council of Europe

I. To prevent the spread of the USSR, D. Publishing of the Truman Doctrine

II. To expand the economic and political E. Implementation of the Marshall Plan
domination of the USA, 6. Which of the following was the name of
the process in which conflict and tension
 in East and West relations were signed in Vienna in 1979. Which of the
decreased relatively since 1960? following states signed this treaty?
A. Globalization A) USA - USSR
B. Detente Era B) China - USSR
C. The Cold War C) England - China
D. Millennium D) USA - China
E. Pax Americana E) USSR – Japan
7. Among the Arab-Israeli wars that have 10. Which of the following is not included in
taken place since the foundation of the causes of the Arab-Israeli Wars?
Israel;
A) Palestine problem
I) Six Day War,
B) Jerusalem problem
II) Yom Kippur War,
C) Jewish genocide
III) Four Day War
D) Suez Canal domination
Which of the above were included?
E) The status of Masjid al-Aqsa
A. Only I.
11. Among the reasons why a significant
B. Only II. part of the Arab countries reacted
against the Camp David Treaty signed
C. Only III. between Egypt and Israel;
D. I and II. I. Recognition of the State of Israel,
E. I, II and III. II. Acceptance of the occupation in the
8. After the Cold War Period, among the Palestinian territory,
reasons that were effective in the III. Egyptian Government Nationalizing Suez
beginning of the Detante Period between Canal
the East and West Blocks;
Which of the above are included?
I. Khrushchev meeting with Kennedy,
A) Only I.
II. the emergence of the danger of nuclear war,
B) Only II.
III. Political problems in the blocks
C) Only III.
Which of the above are included?
D) I and II.
A) Only I.
 E) I, II and III
B) Only II.
12. Among the causes of the Iran-Iraq war
C) Only III. (1980-1988), which caused severe
D) I and II. destruction in both countries, and also
caused the death of about one million
E) I, II and III. people;
9. Many agreements were signed on I. Suez Crisis,
nuclear disarmament during the
Detente Period. The most important of II. Persian Gulf competition,
these agreements is the SALT-II Treaty III. The Jordan River domination
Which of the above is a reason for this war?
A) Only I.
B) Only II.
C) Only III.
D) II and III.
E) I, II and III.
13. As a result of the increase in civilian
losses after the World Wars,
negotiations were made to end the arms
race, especially between the Soviets and
the USA, and agreements were signed as
a result of these negotiations.
Which of the following events was a
negative affect of this period (Disarmament
Period)?
A) Cuban Crisis
B) Salt I and Salt II Treaties
C) Establishment of the International Atomic
Energy Agency
D) Publication of the Helsinki Declaration
E) Establishment of the United Nations
Security Council.
14. Which of the following was effective in
the Far East becoming one of the fronts
of the Second World War?
A) Convergence of the People's Republic of
China and the USSR
B) Expansive Policies of Japan
C) The region is under US occupation
D) India and Pakistan being independent
E) Establishment of the Eastern Bloc under the
leadership of the USSR
15. Turkey, during the Cold War against
the USSR, making cooperation with
Western states and USA, tried to protect
herself. Which of the following is not
among the organizations in which it
participates?
A) Council of Europe
B) NATO
C) Balkan Pact
D) Baghdad Pact
E) European Economic Community
16. England - Egypt and the Arab - Israeli
tensions have led to diplomatic
cooperation with Turkey. Later, with
Pakistan and Iran taking part in this
cooperation, these states tried to create a
defense system in the Middle East. An
alliance agreement called the Baghdad
Pact was signed with the participation of
England among these states.
Accordingly, which of the following can be
said about Turkeys policy?
A) It acted with an expansionist policy
B) It keeps international interests in everything
C) It tries to minimize losses that may arise
from conflicts of interest between states.
D) It does not favor regional alliance initiatives
E) It does not care about international political
tensions.
17. In Iraq's war against Iran in 1980,
I. Establishing a Shiite Islamic state in Iran,
II. Sectarian structure of Iraq,
III. Şat tulle Arab waterway problem
escalation,
IV. The pro-Soviet Baathist government in
Iraq wants to move its regime to Iran.
which of these developments were a cause of
war?
A) I and II
B) I and III
C) II and III
D) I, II and III
E) II, III and IV
18. The Non-Aligned Movement was
founded by countries outside the bipolar
world on the axis of the USA and the
 Soviet Union, which generally gained
their independence in the second half of
the twentieth century.
Which of the following states is not included
in the Non-Aligned Movement?
A) India
 B) Libya
C) West Germany
D) Egypt
E) Indonesia
19. Which of the following developments
prevented the implementation of the
SALT II Treaty and turned World
Public opinion against the USSR?
A) Establishment of OPEC
B) Soviet Union invasion of Afghanistan
C) The outbreak of the Vietnam War
D) Iraq's attack on Iran
E) The end of the Cuban crisis.
20. When the State of Israel was established
on May 14, 1948, some Arab states
started a war to destroy the occupation.
Which of the following was not fighting
aganist Israel?
A) Egypt
B) Jordan
C) Syria
  D) Lebanon
  E) Iran
21. OPEC is an international organization
created to protect the interests of oil
producing countries. Which of the
following is not one of the OPEC
member states?
A) Iran
B) Iraq
C) Venezuela
  D) Japan
  E) Kuwait
22. The aim of reaching the Persian Gulf,
the Middle East oil and the Indian
Ocean was effective in the occupation of
Afghanistan by the Soviets. This
situation,
I. The USSR pursued a global expansion
policy,
II. Afghanistan is located in an important
geographical position,
III. The interests of the USSR caused
confusion in South Asia
Which of these is accurate?
A) Only I
 B) I and II
C) I and III
  D) II and III
E) I, II and III
23. Which of the following is not one of the
causes of the Iran-Iraq War, which
lasted 8 years?
A) Şattül Arab waterway problem
B) Iraq's invasion of Kuwait
C) Shia regime came to power in Iran
D) The Iraqi administration is afraid that the
Shia regime in Iran will affect her country
E) The emergence of border disputes
24. In 1979, the occupation of Afghanistan
by the Soviet Union was met with a
strong reaction in the world.
Which of the following is the common
reaction of most of the world states to the
invasion of Afghanistan?
A) Boycott of Soviet goods
B) Breaking of diplomatic relations with the
Soviet Union
C) Withdrawal of the Soviet Union's veto right B) Boris Yeltsin
in the UN
C) Nikita Kuruchev
D) Boycott of the 1980 Moscow Olympic
D) Leonid Brezhnev
games
E) Yuri Antropov
E) Surrounding borders with the Soviet Union.
29. Which of the following one is not
25. The USA accelerated space work after
included among the states that declared
the Soviet Union sent manned spacecraft
their independence with the dissolution
to space.
of the Soviet Union in 1991?
Which of the following is the name of the
A) Russian Federation
first spacecraft of the USA that landed on
the Moon successfully? B) Belarus
A) Sputnik C) Moldova
  B) Apollo 9 D) Latvia
  C) Apollo 11 E) Czechoslovakia
  D) Changer 30. Which of the following is the name of
the massacre carried out by the Serbian
  E) Space Shuttle
Republic Army during the civil war of
26. Which of the following developments Yugoslavia against Bosnian Muslims
occured after the collapse of the Soviet under the command of Ratko Mladic,
Union and Eastern Block? leading to the loss of more than eight
thousand people?
A) Colonialism gaining strength
A) Jamak Massacre
B) The emergence of new states
B) Foca Massacre
C) The end of the Cold War
C) Srebrenica Massacre
D) The two-block world order disappeared
D) Halabja Massacre
E) Changes in world powers balance.
E) Hadisa Massacre
27. In which of the following states was the
communist system not adopted? 31. Among the causes of the war between
Iraq and Kuwait in 1990,
A) Bulgaria
I. Kuwait increasing its daily oil production,
B) Poland
II. Şattülarap Waterway problem,
C) Czechoslovakia
III. Debt Crisis
D) Romania
Which of the below is not included?
E) West Germany
A) Only I.
28. • The last leader of the USSR.
B) Only II.
• He made Glasnost and Perestroika
programs C) Onlly III.
Which of the following people is this D) I and III.
information about?
E) I, II and III.
A) Mikhail Gorbachev
32. Which of the following countries was D) NATO's weakening gradually
bombed by the USA, claiming that it
E) The emergence of new political movements
was responsible for the terrorist attack
on the World Trade Center and the US 36. Which of the following is not included
Department of Defense in New York among the states established as a result
City? of the dissolution of Yugoslavia?
A) Iran A) Croatia
b) Iraq B) Bosnia-Herzegovina
C) Kuwait C) Bulgaria
D) Afghanistan D) Kosovo
E) Palestine E) Serbia
33. Which of the following organizations 37.
was established by the UN Security
Council to ensure security in I. Russia,
Afghanistan? II. Australia,
A) FBI III. USA
B) Mosate Which of thes states did not sign the Kyoto
C) CIE Protocol?

D)ABM A) Only I

E) ISAF B) Only II

34. Which of the following cannot be said to C) Only III

have gained its independence by the  D) I and II
dissolution of the USSR?
E) II and III
A) Kazakhstan
B) Kyrgyzstan
38. Which of the following ended the
C) Uzbekistan Bosnian War?
D) Tatarstan A) Dayton Treaty
E) Turkmenistan B) Treaty of Washington
35. Towards the end of 1989, socialist C) Kyoto Protocol
regimes in Eastern Europe came to an
end and the Berlin Wall collapsed. D) Balkan Pact

Which of the following is the most E) Schuman Plan

important consequence of the fall of the
Berlin Wall?
A) Germany was reunified
B) Increasing the effectiveness of the Eastern
Bloc
C) Ensuring the security of the borders
39. One of the important leaders of the
Palestine Liberation Organization was
awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, jointly
with Izak Rabin for their efforts for
peace.
Accordingly, which of the following
statesman mentioned?
A) Mahmut Akbas 43. What is the Greek Cypriot aspiration to
unite with the Greek mainland called?
B) Shimon Peres
A. EOKA
C) Osama bin Laden
B. Megali idea
D) Ariel Sharon
C. Enosis
E) Yasser Arafat
D. Ethniki Eterya
40.
E. Pontus
I. Independence
44. In which year did Turkey carry out the
II. Realism Cyprus Peace Operation?
III. Peace A. 1963
Which of the above can be shown as one of B. 1964
the basic characteristics of Turkish foreign
policy between 1920-1945? C. 1967
A. Only I D. 1974
B. Only II E. 1975
C. Only III 45. Which of the following was the first
opposition party of the multi-party
D. I and III period, founded by an industrialist
E. I, II and III named Nuri Demirağ on 7 July 1945?

41. Which of the following is a A. National Development Party

characteristic of the economic crisis in B. Nation Party
Turkey?
C. Freedom Party
a. Increasing public sector borrowing
requirement D. Democratic Party
b. A decrease in the general level of E. Justice Party
prices
46. Who is the statesman who declared the
c. Excess of the balance of payments multi-party state on July 12, 1947 by
determining the positions of the
d. Rising unemployment rates government and the opposition against
e. Increasing employment rates each other?

42. Which organization was offered by the A. Celal Bayar,

British as an alternative to NATO for B. Recep Peker
Turkey?
C. Ismet Inonu
A. CENTO
D. Refik Saydam
B. Balkan Pact
E. Adnan Menderes
C. Middle East Command
47. Which of the following is the name of
D. United Nations the revolution court that tried the
E. Sadabad Pact ousted Democrat Party government in
Yassıada?
 A. State Security Court
B. Special Competent Court
C. Independence Court
D. Supreme Court of Justice
E. Hague Court of Justice
48. What is the founding date of UNESCO,
which was founded by 20 countries,
including Turkey?
A. 1935
B. 1945
C. 1946
D. 1950
E. 1955
49. Which of the following is the state that
threatened Turkey by claiming rights
over the straits and the Eastern
Anatolian lands, contrary to the
international treaties made?
a. England
b. Soviet Russia
c. Italy
d. France
e. Germany
50. Which of the following is not among the
problems that confront Turkey and
Greece?
A. Continental Shelf Problem
B. Cyprus Problem
C. 12 Mile Problem
D. Western Thrace Turkish Minority
Problem
E. Activities of ASALA
51. Which of the following was not one of
the institutions created by the 1961
Constitution?
A. Constitutional Court
B. Senate of the Republic
C. National security Council
D. High Council of Judges and
Prosecutors
E. Court of Appeal
52. Which of the following was the first
president of Turkey who visited the
Soviet Union on 12-21 November 1969?
A. Kenan Evren
B. Suleyman Demirel
C. Cevdet Sunay
D. Bulent Ecevit
E. Ahmet Nejdet Sezer
53. In the 1960-1980 period, Turkish-
Iranian relations were generally shaped
around some problems. Which of the
following was not one of these problems.
A. Iran's support for opposition Kurdish
groups in Iraq
B. Turkey wants to become a member of
the European Union
C. Iran assuming the regional
gendarmerie
D. Democracy-monarchy conflict
E. Insufficient economic cooperation
efforts between the two countries
54. The Justice Party, which was founded
after the May 27 intervention under the
leadership of Ragıp Gümüşpala, came
to power alone in 1965 under the
leadership of which of the following?
A. Bulent Ecevit
B. Suleyman Demirel
C. Necmettin Erbakan
D. Alparslan Türkeş
E. Tansu Çiller
55. Which of the following can be said about
the March 12, 1971 Military Coup
Attempt?
A. It took place in the military chain of 59) Which of the following years did
command. the great prosecution take place in
the Soviet Union?
B. It was arranged by junior officers.
a. 1917-1945
C. It was organized by the junta called
the Armed Forces Union. b. 1960-1965
D. It was organized under the presidency c. 1937-1938
of Chief of General Staff Kenan
d. 1989-1991
Evren.
e. 1955-1957
E. Targeted right-wing political groups
60) Which of the following is not a global
56) Who abandoned Lenin's "World
problem?
Revolution" ideology and defended
the idea of "Communism in a single a. Global Warming
country".
b. Malnutrition and Hunger Problem
a) Josef Stalin
c. Child marriages
b) Kamanev
d. Epidemic Diseases
c) Mihail Gorbocov
e. Harmful gas emission
d) Nikita Kuruşçev
61) Which of the following was an
e) Leonid Brejnev. Armenian terrorist organization from
1975 to 1995?
a) ASALA
57) Which of the following was given
priority in the economy during the b) PKK
Stalin era?
c) ETA
a. Agriculture
d) IRA
b. Trade
e) OIC
c. Domestic investments
62) Who was appointed as the head of
d. Scientific advances the National Unity Committee,
which was established with the
e. Heavy industry
military intervention of 27 May
58) Individual lands and labor were 1960.
transferred to collective state farms
a) Talat Aydemir
in Stalin era. Which of the following
was the name of this collective b) Cemal Gürsel
farms?
c) Cemal Madanoğlu
a. Kulak
d) Alparslan Türkeş
b. Kolhoz
e) Kenan Evren
c. Cominform
63) On what date did the Turkish Armed
d. Golodomor Forces directly intervene in political
life for the first time in the history of
e. Glastnost
the Republic?
 a) 27 May 1960
b) May 12, 1953
c) March 12, 1960
d) September 12, 1960
e) May 27, 1959
64) Which of the following formed the
infrastructure for the separatist
terrorist acts to which Turkey was
subjected, gaining momentum in
the 1990s?
a) dissolution of the Soviet Union
b) The absence of authority in
northern Iraq due to the Gulf
War
c) Turgut Özal's death
d) Inadequacy of unstable coalition
governments
e) The security weakness in the east
caused by coming to the brink of
war with Greece due to the
Kardak Crisis
65) Which of the following was not a
feature of the 1961 Constitution?
a) Democratic voting (universal
adult suffrage)
b) Adopting the separation of
powers principle
c) Granting the legislative power to
the TGNA consisting of two
assemblies
d) Putting fundamental rights and
freedoms in a secure basis
e) Postponement of the rights of
the individual in state-
individual relations
Good Luck : )