FCE3401

Educational Technology
Topic 3 Innovative Teaching

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Learning outcome:
1. Justify the needs for innovations in teaching.
2. Elaborate the theories related to innovation, interest and creativity.
3. Discuss the scholarship of teaching and learning.

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Why do we need innovations
in teaching?

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What is innovation
An idea, practice, or
object that is perceived
as new by an individual
or other unit of
adoption.
If an idea seems new
to the individual, it is
an innovation.
Rogers (2003).
Note:
It matters little, so far
as human behavior is
concerned, whether
or not an idea is
“objectively” new as
measured by the
lapse of time since
its first use or
discovery. The
perceived newness
of the idea for the
individual
determines his or
her reaction to it.
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What is
innovation
Newness in an innovation need
not just involve new knowledge.
Someone may have known about an
innovation for some time but not yet
developed a favorable or unfavorable attitude
toward it, nor have adopted or rejected it.
“Newness” of an innovation may be expressed
in terms of knowledge, persuasion, or a
decision to adopt.
Rogers (2003).
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 Innovation and the
SOTL

It is clear that academics must possess the right attributes to excel as passionate
educators. They are expected to be creative and innovative in teaching-learning
and assessment methods which in turn impact student learning outcome in a
meaningful way.
They will also need to engage themselves in scholarly teaching and be courages
to share their findings in their quest to seek new pedagogical knowledge. (Luan
& Khambari, 2019).
Sample of innovative teaching projects at
UPM
https://cade.upm.edu.my/our_services/resea
rch_incentive_grant_for_teaching_and_learni
ng_gipp/teaching_and_learning_innovation-
63594

https://cade.upm.edu.my/upload/dokumen/
20211012152346BUKU_SULAM_(eISBN)_co
mpressed.pdf
The Scholarship of Teaching
and Learning

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 “systematic inquiry into
“systematic teaching-learning
reflection on processes and their
teaching and effectiveness made
learning made public”
Bates (2014)
public”
Illinois State University (2015)
Think and reflect
on my own
teaching to
enhance student
learning and
share scholarly
findings with
others
(Luan, 2018)
 Unicycle Awareness
of SoTL Reflect
Crystalize
(SoTL Process)
Discern
Share

Evaluate Develop

(Swart, 2016) Apply

http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/03043797.2016.1214689
Why
 • Self fulfillment, personal interest & being the
Ourselves best teacher (Kelly-Kleese, 2003)

• Assess innovations in classrooms, curriculum

Classroom or discipline (Saylor & Harper, 2003*)

• Improve teaching, programme or discipline

Discipline (Saylor & Harper, 2003*)

Kelly-Kleese, C. (2003). Community college scholarship. Journal on Excellence in College Teaching . 14(2/3), 69-84
*Bishop-Clarke, B. & Dietz-Uhler, B. (2012). Engaging in the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning. Sterling: Stylus Publishing.
Theories related to
innovations, interest, and
creativity

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The Interest Driven
Creator Theory
Tak-Wai Chan – at the beginning of
this decade, realizing the need of a
theory that can guide the design of
future education in Asia, he worked
with a small group Asian researchers,
which grew bigger and an IDC Initiative
was formed later, to build a learning
design theory called Interest-Driven
Creator (IDC) Theory. This theory may
exert far-reaching impact in future
Asian education because the
considerably examination-driven Asian
education needs to change.
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Interest-Driven Creator Theory
Tak-Wai Chan introduces the IDC theory in 2018. It is anchored by three
main concepts namely Interest, Creation, and Habit.

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Creativity

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 What is Creativity
Creativity arises from any human activity that produces
something new.

Creativity is therefore present when major artistic, scientific

and technical discoveries are made. It is also existent
whenever an individual alters, combines, images or makes
something new.

When we’re engaged in the act of being creative, we feel

we are performing at the peak of our abilities. Creative
works give us insight and enrich our lives.
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THE ESSENCE OF CREATIVITY IS THE MOMENT OF
INSIGHT
Creative people get their great idea in a fl ash of insight.
After that, all they have to do is execute it. They could even
delegate its execution to someone else, because execution
generally doesn’t require creativity.

CREATIVE IDEAS EMERGE MYSTERIOUSLY FROM THE

UNCONSCIOUS
Creative people have radical new ideas that come out of
nowhere and that can’t be explained by their prior
experience.
CREATIVITY IS MORE LIKELY WHEN YOU REJECT
CONVENTION
Creative people blindly ignore convention; convention
is the enemy of creativity, because it blocks the pure
inspiration welling up from the creative spirit.

CREATIVITY IS A PERSONALITY TRAIT

Creativity is a general personality trait, like IQ. If you’re
a more creative person, you’ll be more creative at
everything that you do.
The 4P Research Framework on Creativity
Rhodes (1961) in Sawyer, R. (2012). Explaining Creativity: The Science of Human
Innovation

Research that focuses on the Research that studies the

products judged to be novel personality traits or
and appropriate by the Product Person personality types associated
relevant social group with creativity.

Process Press Research that focuses on

Research that studies the the external forces or
processes involved during “pressures” acting on the
creative work or creative creative person or process,
thought such as the social and
cultural context